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Severe combined immunodeficiency involves: a) An absence of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase b) A deficiency of adenosine deaminase c) A deficiency of OMP decarboxylase d) Overproduction of urate e) A deficiency of adenylate deaminase 2. In the antibody: a) Disulphide bridges are formed between the two heavy chains b) The two light chains are different c) The two binding sites on each molecule are different d) The Fc fragment interacts with the antigen e) The heavy chain is always the gamma type 3. Secondary antibody responses are better because: a) They have broader specifities b) They make mainly IgM antibody c) Complement fixing antibodies are made d) They do not require T Cells help e) They are stronger and faster 4. Which of the following statements does not apply to IgG? a) Appears in primary immune responses b) Neutralizes bacterial toxins c) Can fix complements d) Cannot cross the human placenta e) Osponizes bacteria 5. HAT medium is used to: a) Immortalize B lymphocytes b) Culture B lymphocytes c) Select for cancerous and non cancerous cell hybrids in the Hybridoma technology d) Kill B cell hybridomas e) Convert B lymphocytes to myeloma cells 6. Clonal selection occurs when a B lymphocyte encounters: a) Cytokine b) Antigen c) T lymphocyte d) Complement e) Chemotactic factor 7. The structure of the antibody: a) Disulphide bridges are formed between the two heavy chains b) The two light chains are identical c) The two binding sites on each molecule are identical d) The Fc fragment mediates effector function of the antibody e) All of the above is correct

8. Characteristics of the adaptive immune response include: a) High specifity b) Differentiation between self and non-self c) Versatility d) Brisk secondary response e) All of the above is correct

9. Concerning Immunoglobulins: a) IgM is found mainly in the blood b) IgA is found only in the blood c) IgE is found in association with mast cells in the skin d) Only IgG can cross the placental barrier e) B is the only wrong answer 10. T Helper 1 produces: a) IL-2 b) Antibodies c) IL-2 receptor d) Interferon gamma e) A, C and D are correct 11. Antibodies against an individual own body components are called: a) Autoantibodies b) Isotypes c) Autoantigens d) Anti-idiotypic e) Idiotypes 12. The complement components: a) Enhance phagocytosis b) Are produced by the spleen c) Induce cytotokine production by T cell d) Activate cytotoxic T cell e) Include interferon gamma 13. Cytokines: a) Include interleukins and interferons b) Act by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms c) Promote B cell growth and differentiation d) Interact with membrane-bound receptors e) All of the above is correct