Reliable routing in WSN

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Reliable routing using heterogeneity in wireless sensor networks

Juan G. Barros1
1 IRIT/ENSEEIHT,Toulouse 2 Laboratoire

Anne Wei2

Andr-Luc Beylot1

- France Email: {andre-luc.beylot} {jbarrosg} @irit.fr

CEDRIC, CNAM, Paris, France Email: anne.wei@cnam.fr

Vehicular Technology Conference, Fall 2013

Reliable routing in WSN Motivation Ubiquitous Monitoring

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Monitoring patients using Wireless Sensors Networks

Goal: Support Preventive and Palliative Medicine How? Periodically gathering Health Status Information with Sensors
Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Blood Oxygen Saturation, . . .

Which Routing Protocol is suitable in our scenario?

Having a good Packet Delivery Ratio, With low Overhead, Interfering less (Collisions)

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Scenario Requirements
Patients wear many sensors. Different types of nodes: powerful and normal. Indoor mobility. Multiple receivers: At least a Nurse and a Doctor at the same time. Multicast. Easy to congure, Start/Stop monitoring a Patient. Publish and Subscribe Paradigm. Content-based system between PAN and BAN.

Reliable routing in WSN Motivation Ubiquitous Monitoring

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Scenario Requirements
Patients wear many sensors. Different types of nodes: powerful and normal. Indoor mobility. Multiple receivers: At least a Nurse and a Doctor at the same time. Multicast. Easy to congure, Start/Stop monitoring a Patient. Publish and Subscribe Paradigm. Content-based system between PAN and BAN.

Reliable routing in WSN Motivation Ubiquitous Monitoring

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Scenario Requirements
Patients wear many sensors. Different types of nodes: powerful and normal. Indoor mobility. Multiple receivers: At least a Nurse and a Doctor at the same time. Multicast. Easy to congure, Start/Stop monitoring a Patient. Publish and Subscribe Paradigm. Content-based system between PAN and BAN.

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Proposed Work

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Proposition: Heterogeneous Multicast Routing (HMR)

Based on On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol (ODMR). Three Modications:
Discrimination of nodes by storage capacity. Powerful Normal. Restrict Publish propagations. Powerful node. Relying subscription; MAC layer ACK.

Why?:
Patient wears sensors (physically clustered). A patient = a BAN. Use natural clustering, Powerful node = cluster Head Powerful node has bigger storage.

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Evaluation Environment.
NS-2.34 wpan + ODMR + HMR. Six groups with 5 sensors each. Single channel solution. Heterogeneous devices (CBR over UDP). Mobility: Constraint Mobility (CM)
Parameter Duration Area Nodes Receivers Nodes per group Min, Max speed pause time WSN 1 000 s 57x15 m2 35 5 5 (0.2, 1] m/s (0, 300] s Scenario statistics tx range In body distance partitions mob. receivers mob. senders total links avg. path availability WSN 15 m 0.5 m 1.16 CM Grouped CM 2362 96.05%

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Scenarios

First: Sensors generate 1 packet per second. Receivers from 1 to 5. Second: Sensors generate 1 packet every 2.5 seconds. Receivers from 1 to 5. Third: From 1 pps to 1 packet every 10 seconds. 3 receivers by patient.

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Collisions First Scenario.

45 40 Average Collision by node and by second

35

30

25

20

15 HMR ODMR 1 2 3 Number of receivers/ group 4 5

10

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Packet Delivery Ratio First scenario.

1 HMR ODMR

0.8

Packet Delivery Ratio

0.6

0.4

0.2

3 Number of receivers/ group

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Collisions Second Scenario.

35 30 Average Collision by node and by second

25

20

15

10 HMR ODMR 1 2 3 Number of receivers/ group 4 5

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Packet Delivery Ratio Second scenario.

1 HMR ODMR

0.8

Packet Delivery Ratio

0.6

0.4

0.2

3 Number of receivers/ group

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Collisions changing data generation rate.

35 30 Average Collision by node and by second

25

20

15

10

5 HMR ODMR 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 Data Packet Generation time at source [s] 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5

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Packet Delivery Ratio changing data generation rate.

1 0.9 0.8 0.7 Packet Delivery Ratio 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

HMR ODMR 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 Data Packet Generation time at source [s] 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 10.5

Reliable routing in WSN Proposition Results

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Comments on Simulation Results

HMR reduces collisions with similar PDR. When 4 to 5 receivers per patient the PDR deteriorates.

Reliable routing in WSN Summary

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Summary

We explore Heterogeneity to improve reliability in IEEE 802.15.4 networks. We consider BAN and PAN networks without static relay stations, and with an new indoor mobility model.

Reliable routing in WSN Summary Thanks

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Thanks

Juan G. Barros, Anne Wei and Andr-Luc Beylot. University of Toulouse Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse