SUBDOMAIN 204.3 - CHEMISTRY Competency 204.3.2: Chemical Reactions - The graduate has a broad understanding of chemical reactions.

Objective 204.3.2-04: Explain oxidation, reduction, oxidizing agent, reducing agent. Objective 204.3.2-05: Predict the oxidation number (oxidation state) of any atom within a neutral molecule or polyatomic ion. Given: Manganese is essential to iron and steel production by virtue of its sulfur-fixing, deoxidizing, and alloying properties. Steelmaking, including its ironmaking component, has accounted for most manganese demand. (Late Nite Labs, 2006) Manganese compounds exhibit several oxidation states. The reduction of MnO4 by HSO3 is studied under neutral, acidic, and basic conditions. Note: This task has been adapted from Late Nite Labs, http://www.latenitelabs.com, and should be completed either in the simulation lab at that Web site or in an actual lab. If you choose to use the virtual lab, refer to the SCA4/5 Task - Oxidation States of Manganese within the Late Nite Lab site. Refer to the attachment Using Late Nite Labs for information on access and maneuvering within the site. Go to the Late Nite Labs site and log in. From the list on the left, open the Chemistry Labs folder and the Section One folder. Then open SCA4/5 Task - Oxidation States of Manganese and click the Run Lab tab on the right. Within the Lab Manual, read the background information and then complete the experiment in the Procedures section. Keep track of all your observations, calculations, and amounts of chemicals used as you complete the lab using the questions found in the Assignment section of the Lab Manual. You will use these observations to fill out your Lab Report. Task: A. Write a lab report for the experiments in which you do the following: 1. State an experiment title for the lab that indicates the purpose of the lab. 2. Describe the purpose of the lab. 3. Provide an outline of the procedures followed for the lab. 4. Include a section of data collection in which you do the following: a. Describe the color of the solution in each test tube (test tube numbers 3, 4, and 5). b. Describe the color of the precipitate, if any, in each test tube (test tube numbers 3, 4, and 5). c. Describe the pH of each test tube after reaction (test tube numbers 3, 4, and 5). 5. Based on these results, explain to what oxidation states the MnO4 and HSO3 ions change in each test tube. 6. Include a section of discussions and conclusions in which you do the following: a. Explain why the permanganate is such a good oxidizing agent.

b. c. d. e.

Explain oxidation. Explain reduction. Explain oxidizing agent. Explain reducing agent.

B. When you choose to use outside sources, include all in-text citations and references in APA format. Note: For definitions of terms commonly used in the rubric, see the attached Rubric Terms. Note: When using outside sources to support ideas and elements in a paper or project, the submission MUST include APA formatted in-text citations with a corresponding reference list for any direct quotes or paraphrasing. It is not necessary to list sources that were consulted if they have not been quoted or paraphrased in the text of the paper or project. Note: No more than a combined total of 30% of a submission can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased from outside sources, even if cited correctly. Here are some helpful APA resources: http://www.apastyle.org http://www.citationmachine.net http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01 REFERENCES: Late Nite Labs: Laboratory Simulations for Science Education. (2006). 19 Oxidation States of Manganese. http://www.latenitelabs.com/ Zumdahl, S. A., & Zumdahl, S. S. (2003). Chemistry (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.