www.cetal.

com
Designs and manufactures your industrial heating elements and heating systems

Heating elements according to specification Duplicate-moulded / cast elements Screw on immersion heaters Flange immersion heaters Process circulation heaters Power control panels Equipment for hazardous atmospheres Boron Nitrid VHP heating rods Die heating/bolt heaters

SOMMARY
page 2 page 3 page 4 page 5 page 6 page 7 pages 8-10 pages 11-12 Table of contents THE COMPANY CERTIFICATIONS / PRODUCTS CONTROLS Determining heat energy requirements PRODUCT APPLICATIONS INDUSTRIAL MARKET SECTORS UNIT ELEMENTS AND ASSEMBLIES/general & technical informationS Heating elements according to specifications elements formed to templates / Duplicate-moulded/casted elements / Infrared generators SCREW ON IMMERSION/ movable heaters Flange immersion heaters PROCESS CIRCULATION HEATERS / Power control panels RIBBED HEATING ELEMENTS / INDUSTRIAL AIR DUCT HEATERS (EEx) Equipments for HAzARDOUS atmospheres Boron nitrid VHP rods DIE HEATING/BOLT HEATER

page 13

pages 14-15 pages 16-17 page 18 page 19 pages 20-23 pages 24-25 pages 26-27

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THE COMPANY
liquids, solids, gases and premises France and abroad. CETAL now in hazardous atmospheres and non operates in Europe and the world via an agent network. CETAL success is hazardous atmospheres. also built on its human assets, our The experience and competence of customers can rely on the dynamism our engineering department and and experience of our personnel our high performance equipment to assist them in finding the right enable us to offer a large range of diagnosis for their expectations at all electrothermical equipment (supply times.

and maintenance). The companys CETAL, Constructions ElectroThermi- company has specialized in designing know-how and high quality products ques dAlsace, was set up in 1967 as and manufacturing industrial heating have strongly contributed to the a family business. Over the years, the assemblies and elements for heating development of its reputation in

Benefits of CETAL

5 REASONS TO CHOOSE CETAL

CERTIFIED QUALITY AND ENVIRONNEMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FLEXIBILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PROCESSES

QUALIFIED, DYNAMIC & FORTHCOMING TEAMS BY YOUR SIDE

customer

PARTNERSHIPS WITH SUPPLIERS AND SUBCONTRACTORS

PRODUCTS & SERVICES IMPROVEMENT AND INNOVATION

CERTIFIED QUALITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

CETAL develops its quality management system via an Ishikawa diagram (Manpower, Methods, Machines, Material, Environnement). Thanks to the continuous improvment of these five key areas, the implementation of efficient method and tool (5S-PDCA), CETAL assure the best quality and added value to its customers. Concerning environmental management, CETAL develops and maintains the appropriate policy and tools : - to comply with the rules and ICPE nomenclature associated to the protection of the environment regulation. - to master energy and raw material consumption - to optimize wastes management and valorization

QUALIFIED, DYNAMIC & FORTHCOMING TEAMS BY YOUR SIDE

The target of our technical sales agent, in close link with purchasing, enginering and manufacturing is to understand and satisfy customers expectations. A solid network of sales agents continiously uptade to CETALs products help you define your requirements and find the appropriate solutions. Trained, qualified and certified manufacturing operators and technicians guarantee that products and services are delivered with the highest level of quality and that environmental standards have been respected all through the manufacturing process.

PARTNERSHIPS WITH SUPPLIERS AND SUBCONTRACTORS

CETAL develops strong, durable and effective partnerships with best suppliers and subcontractors. CETAL involves its partners in the process of developing and maintaining a flexible, reactive and quick-to-adapt supply chain to meet your requirements in terms of quality, cost and delivery.

FLEXIBILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PROCESSES

CETAL develops, maintains and improves specific production management tools (CAM, configurator) so as to deliver, in time, tailor-made products. Furthermore, these tools ensure that traceability is maintained through the entire manufacturing process for each family of products and that optimum use of human and material resources is planned and achieved. To provide appropriate solutions to its customers, CETAL, via a flexible organization and versatile teams, continuously improves its manufacturing processes (unitmanufacturing, small and average series, just-in time manufacturing) and its control process (unit electrical and unit mechanical controls).

PRODUCTS & SERVICES IMPROVEMENT AND INNOVATION

The competitive monitoring, technological intelligence and regulation watch enables CETAL to understand and anticipate market and customer requirements evolution. An omnipresent QDC approach: Quality - Delivery - Cost enables CETAL to propose the best products and services.

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certifications

certification
ISO 9001 (v. 2000) QUA/1994/21170 ISO 14001 ENV/2002/18281
Quality Companys spirit, is for CETAL one of the determinant vector of its development. The company is certified ISO 9001 since 1994; it anticipated the certification of the management system ISO 9001 (revision 2000). Aware of the importance of a sustainable development, CETAL integrates it into its strategy. The implementation of continuous improvement drastically inHazardous atmosphere : CETAL designs and manufactures heating elements and assemblies according to specifications for hazardous atmospheres in compliance with the following harmonized European standards CENELEC/CEI: EN60079-0 (2004 general requirements), EN60079-1 (2004 flameproof enclosure d), EN60079-7 (2003 increased safety e) and EN 50020 (PR60079-11) (intrinsic safety i). All products are controlled and approved (conformity certificate by LCIE, certified body). Our company manufactures equipment in accordance with ATEX (94/09/EC). The products have fully satisfied the Our welding operations are EN-ASME or body certified. Our welders are qualified by an independent organism. CETAL designs and manufactures the crease customers satisfaction. CETAL operates according to standards ISO 9001 V 2000, and in compliance with the European Directives 73/23/EC (Low Voltage), 89/336/EC (EMC), 94/09/EC (ATEX), 97/23/EC (PED) and the modified Directives.

Notification
LCIE 02 ATEX Q 8022 APAVE - DESP

type examination and test requirements of the standards. The EC type examination certificates are delivered by an approved certificate body (LCIE N 0081). Equipments under pressure : Heating elements integrated in equipment under pressure are manufactured in accordance with the PED 93/23/EC. Different moduls (A, AI,B1+F) are implemented according to the risk category (I - II or III). The conformity certification is done by a notified body (APAVE N0060).

qualification
QMOS - QS - EN - ASME - TV
equipments in accordance with CODAPASME VII division I, API codes.

Ability/marking
CE - CSA LR78605 UL LE 1878325P DNV Marine
The products manufactured for the European market are CE marked and meet the requirement of all European Directives which are applicable. (CSA-0-M 91/72-M19 84-465-465A465B). Some products have been subjected to certification in accordance with UL CETALs products are approved by the standards (explosion proof industrial convectors). Canadian Standard Association

PRODUCTs CONTROLs

All our products undergo individual inspections at the end of the manufacturing line. Their dimensions, mechanical and electrical characteristics are checked according to standard NFC 79-620. In addition, each subcomponent element of our products is subjected to cold testing.

Electrical inspections
Circuit power tested by cold resistance measurements. Allowed tolerance : -5% and +10% of the nominal resistance value Testing of insulation between live parts and the earth. The test is conducted under a direct voltage of 500 V. The minimum cold values upon release from the company are higher than 100 Megohms. Testing of dielectric insulation between live parts and the earth. The test is conducted under an effective alternative voltage which is equal to twice the nominal voltage plus 1000 V. No warping or perforation must be found during the test. Reading of the nominal operating temperature. (on request) The stray current and the hot dielectric rigidity can be measured on a sample. Specific conditions of use (total power number of circuits in the assembly temperature) may lead to stray current values which require special measures.

Mechanical inspections
Non destructive test Visual inspections of heating elements. Weld tightness inspections :  in hydraulic chambers with a maximum diameter of DN 700 or 28 in. and maximum pressure equal to 40 bars helium tightness test with mass spectrometer dye penetrant testing X-ray inspections of welds where applicable.

Dimensional inspections
The tolerances are adapted to the intended use and are specified on the manufacturing drawings.

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power calculation

DATA
Heat required for process start-up :
Qabsorbed+Qlost+CS = Qstart-up(joules) Qlost start-up= Qlost operation= SC = %(Q
absorbed

to maintain process or operation

Qabsorbed+Qlost+CS = Qoperation(joules)

Power required for process start-up

Pstart-up= Tstart-up Qstart-up

+
= V T = Dv

to maintain process operation

Poperation= Tprocess Qoperation

1 2

x S x P x Tstart-up S x P x Tprocess +Q
lost

S = exposed surface (m) P = surface losses at final temperature (W/ m) T = rise time

case : heated fluid, forced circulation

P = Dm x Cp x + Dm x Lf,v Dm = m T
Dm = mass flow rate (Kg/second) Cp = specific heat (J/Kg x C)

CS = safety cfficient : usual value 20%

m = heated mass Cp = specific heat (J/Kg x C)

absorbed

absorbed

= m x Cp x + m x Lf,v

= temperature rise Lf,v = latent heat of fusion/vap. (J/Kg)

= temperature rise Lf,v = latent heat of fusion/vap. (J/Kg)

= density (Kg/m) Dv = volume flow rate (Kg/s)

heating solids
1. Drying stove 2. Heating tunnel 3. Immersion heating 4.  Heating plate 5. Form heating 1 Example : Case of an industrial process designed to obtain the paraffin casting of steel machined parts (100 g) before shipping. 20 elements are placed in steel basket (2,5 kg) and are dipped in a paraffin bath at 70 C during 5 minutes. The start-up phase of the process requires that 100 kg of solids paraffin are heated from 20C to 70 C on a period of 4 hours. During process operation, 15 kg of paraffin are added every hour. Material characteritics : Steel : Cp = 500 J/KgC Tank :  mass = 100Kg dimensions = 500 x 400 x 300 mm Paraffin : Cp = 2800 J/KgC Latent heat of fusion = 146 KJ/Kg Surface losses to 70C : Paraffin surface losses = 750W/m Tank walls losses = 400W/m Power required : for process start-up.

 00 x 1 2800 x (70-56) for process operation.

Q paraffin =
absorbed

 00 x 1 2800 x (56-20) 100 x  (70-20)

 00 x 1 146

= 2800 x + 146
(56-20) = 3,7 x 106 J

15 x 

15 x

5x 1 2800 x (70-56)

= 24,7 x 106 J

Q tank

absorbed

= 500 x

=2,5x106 J

= 500 x
x1 2

(12x2,5)+(240x0,1)  (70-20)

= 1,35x106 J

Q lost =

 ,2 x 0 1 750 x x 2 4 x 3600 6 = 3,2x10 J

+ 400 x

0,74 x  4 x 3600

 ,2 x 0 1 750 x x 2 4 x 3600 6 =6,4x 10 J

absorbed

+ 400 x

0,74 x  4 x 3600

x1 2

CS P
dem

= 20%(Q = (Q =

absorbed

+Q

lost

)=6x106J T
dem

= 20%(Q P
fonct

+Q

lost

)=2,3x106J
lost

absorbed

+Q

lost(

+CS)

= (Q

absorbed

+Q

+CS)

process

(27,2+3,2+6) x 106 4 x 3600

=2,5kW

(5+6,4+2,3) x 106 1 x 3600

=3,8kW

1. Open tank heating 2. Bottom tank heating 3. Side tank heating 4. Cosed tank heating 5. Circulation heater 6. Tube heating 7. Water bath 8.  Liner heating for fuel oil tank

Example : Case of a stainless steel 321 open tank heater, weighting 150 kg, and whose dimensions are 1m x 1 m x 0,8m. The tank is filled with water up to 0,7m. The walls and buttom of the tank are insulated with a 0,1 m thick material. The water is heated in one hour from 10 C to 80 C at the start-up of the process. Afterwards, 70 liters of hot water are removed every hour, and replaced by an equal volume at 10 C. Material characteritics : Cp steel = 500 J/KgC water =  1000Kg /m Cf water = 4185 J/KgC Insulation and surface losses : Exposed water surfaces = 8kW/m at 80C Insulated surface = 80W/m at 80C 7 8

HEATING liquids
Power required : for process start-up.

for process operation. 0x 7 4185 x = 20,5 x 106 J (80-10)  x 1 8000 x 3600

 00 x 7 150 x  Q = 4185 x + 500 x = (205+5,25)x106 J = absorbed (80-10) (80-10)

lost

 x 1 1 8000 x x 2 3600

+ 80 x

3,8 x  3600

x1 2

+ 80 x

3,8 x  3600

= (14,4 + 0,55) x106 J

= (28,8 + 1,1) x106 J

CS P
dem

= 20%(Q = (Q =

absorbed

+Q

lost

) =45,04x106J = 20%(Q T
dem

absorbed

+Q

lost

) =10,08x106J +CS) T
dem

absorbed

+Q

lost

+CS)

fonct

= (Q

absorbed

+Q

lost

(210,25+14,95+45,04) x 106 1 x 3600

=75kW

(20,5+29,9+10,08) x 106 1 x 3600

=16,8kW

1. Air drying 2. Air duct heater 3. Circulation heaters 4 et 5. Radiators 2 3

Example : Case of drying process that must be supplied continuously with hot air at a temperature of 200 C, with a flow rate of 100m/min, and with an absolute pressure of 3 bars. At the imput of the duct heater, the air temperature is 100 C. A further 3m distance will be traveled by the heated air at the exit of the heater before reaching the process. The dimensions of the air duct heater are the following : section 600 mm x 600 mm, thickness of insulation = 60 mm Density of air at 3 bars and 100C : 273 x Pabsolue   3bars,100 C 1bar,0 C air 273 + i = air x 273 x 3 = 1275 x 273 + 100 = 2799 Kg/m Mass of air heated per hour = mass flow rate 100m/mn x 2,799Kg/mx60mn/h=16794 Kg/h

HEATING gaSES

Material characteritics : Cf air = 1020 J/KgC  air 1bar,0 C = 1275 Kg/m

Exchange surface heater/ambient medium : 4x0,6x3 = 7,2m Isolation surface losses : isolated surface 100W/m at 200C

Power required for process operation.

P P

absorbed

= 1020 x

16794 x  (200-100)

= 1711x106 J/h = 475kW

lost

7,2 x 100 = 0,72kW 

CS P
fonct

= 20%(P =P

absorbed

+P

lost

) = 20%(475+0,72)=95kW

absorbed

+P

lost

+CS

= 475+0,72+95=570kW

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product applications
6 ATEX, 12 flange immersion heaters in series (6x72,5 kW) Fluid : hydrogenated wax at 325 C

solids
SOLIDS Aluminium Cooper Cast iron Brass Asphalt Plastics Paraffin Cp (KJ/Kg.K) 0,91 0,39 0,50 0,39 1,63 0,84 to 2,26 3,26

331 kW, 16 flange circulation heater for gas re-fining at 290 C

LIQUIDS
LIQUIDS Acetone Acetic acid Hydrochloric acid Formic acid Nitric acid Sulphuric acid Ethyl alcohol Ammonia (liquid) Benzene Beer Bromine Chloroform Methylene chloride Water Sea water Glycol water 35 % Turpentine Ether Ethylene glycol Fuel oil Cp (KJ/Kg.K) 2,22 2,13 2,51 1,63 2,76 1,38 2,85 4,60 1,88 4,19 0,46 0,96 2,51 4,19 4,00 3,88 1,76 2,26 2,32 1,72 to 2,22 liquids Heat transfer fluids Freon 12 Glycerine Naphta oil Paraffin oil Industrial oils Milk Mercury Perchlorethylene Gasoline Phenol Carbon sulphide Carbon tetrachloride Toluene Trichlorethylene Glass Wine Vinegar Liquid hydrocarbons Dyes (drying) Cp (KJ/Kg.K) 1,55 to 2,00 0,97 2,43 2,09 2,18 1,75 to 1,80 3,77 0,14 0,88 2,09 2,34 0,96 0,88 1,76 0,96 0,84 3,77 3,85 -

320 kW, 380 V, 12 flange Skid according to ASME sect. VII, division 1 et SQL. Fluid : thermal oil

488 kW, 16 flange, ATEX Circulation heater for catalytic unit 534C.

435 kW, ATEX Circulation heater Fluid : wax at 325 C

GAses
57 kW, 6 flange Circulation heater Fluid : glycol water Pharmaceutical sector
GASES Air Ammonia Nitrogene Butane Chlorate gas Carbon dioxide Sulfure dioxide Ethane Cp (KJ/Kg.K) 1,01 2,09 1,04 1,66 0,48 0,85 0,61 1,77 GASES Natural gas Hlium Hydrogen Methane Oxygen Ozone Propane Steam (100 C) Cp (KJ/Kg.K) 2,51 5,19 14,34 2,24 0,91 0,82 1,70 2,01

600 kW, 400 V 3Ph. Circulation heaters equipped with 17 x 35 kW THP elements Fluid : heat transfer oil Aeronautic sector

Hot air generator. Power 145 kW/380 V. Flow rate 1730 Nm3/h. input/output temperatures 7/200C.

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industrial market sectors

Circulation heater 500 kW, ATEX Fuel oil heating Flange : 24 Re-fining 500 kW, 650C. Fuel oil preheating Flange : DN350 - Pharmaceutical - Biomedical

THERMAL PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING

LIFE SCIENCES INDUSTRY

Natural gas over heater Drilling platform 100 kW Flange : 12

Out-freezing device on exhaust stack, ATEX classified site 1 kW.

AGRI-FOOD INDUSTRY EQUIPMENT

Air duct heater 800 kW 750C air heating Agri-food industry

ENERGY PRODUCTION EQUIPEMENT

- Diesel turbines - Steam overheating - Liquid and gaseaous hydrocarbons heating

Industrial oven 3 zones ATEX, 1,5 kW. Hydrocarbons cracking

power plants
- Conventional - Nuclear

Aerospatiale engineering petrochemicals and gas industry

Demercurization process on gas producing site, 45 kW Heating gases

Nitrogen vaporization and regeneration on steelplant, 610 kW Flange : DN450 Flange immersion heater 1875 kW Heating nitrogen Flange : 88

- On-/off-shore extraction - Cracking - Refinery treatment processes

- Chemical industry - Petroleum products shipping

other industrial sectors

- Glass - Textile - Ceramics - Paper

Use of bolt heaters Equipement for turbines Power plant

plastic industry and packaging

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UNIT ELEMENTS AND ASSEMBLIES

Protects the heating element from the outside. The type of sheath depends upon the ambient surroundings and temperature of use. (see p.9). It prevents from impact and corrosion. It is formed for the requirements of the application and its fitted with fastening accessories. The diameter and length depend on the power and load required (W/cm).

Sheath:

Connecting terminals:

Depend upon the intensity and are used to connect the heating element electrically.

Output insulation:

Made of steatite or corubdum to provide dielectric insulation (creepage distance, distance in the air).

Sealing material: Insulation:

Keeps out external moisture. its type (silicon, resin, cement) depends upon the industrial application, the external surroundings and temperature (max. temp. for resin 150C - max. temp. for silicone : 250C).

Electrically fused magnsesium oxide for effective dielectric insulation and thermal conduction.

Output rods:

Nickel chromium alloy, 80/20, forming the active part of the heating elements.

Resistance wire:

Make up the nonn heating part. Their section depends on the sheath diameter and the intensity. The length depends upon the use. (See table below)

GENERAL INFORMATIONS
TOTAL LENGTH
Total length : heating and non heating length.

NON HEATING LENGTH

All the elements are made up of an heating part and two non heating parts at either end. The table below shows the length of the steel or stainless steel output rods which forms the non heating part. and 10 13,5 16 16 M4 x 0,7 M5 x 0,8 M6 x 1 M8 x 1,25 steel S.steel steel S.steel steel steel

Sheath outlet in mm material Length in mm 35 40 45 55 75 80 95 122 150 180 205 225 235 260 330 365 445 530 640 800 1000 1350

6,5 2 steel

8,5 3,5 steel

S.steel = Stainless steel

assembly parts
Connectors, plugs and flanges are crimped, brazed or welded. They are used to set the heating element as required by the application.

SURFACE treatment
Appropriate surface treatment is applied to adapt the heating elements to different requierements :  Mechanical treatment : sand blasting, aluminium or zinc plating, lead or Halar coating  Chemical treatment : pickling, copper and stainless steel passivating  Galvanic treatment : tin or nickel plating, electrolytic polishing.

IMPORTANT
For any designing jobs, we will require the specifications or the conditions of use of the equipment so as to offer products which are perfectly suitable for the requirements.

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TECHNICAL INFORMATIONS
MECHANICAL CHaractEristiCS
GRADE SELECTION
The most important criteria are the temperature of use, the nature of the medium and the surface flux. St.St. 1.4541 Variety of AISI 304 stabilised with titanium to avoid chromium corbide. It is specially recommended for long use in the critical temperature range. St.St. 1.4404 The addition of molybdenum (2-3%) makes it particularly resistant to chemical agents with a reducing effect. The low carbon content (or addition of titanium) gives it high resistance to intercrystalline corrosion. St.St. 1.4828 Austenitic steel with a high chromium St.St. 1.4876 Based on the ternary nickel/iron/chromium system and characterised by high resistance to corrosion in aqueous surrounding. Its high nickel content gives it effective resistance to crevice corrosion under stress due to chlorine ions. Ils high chromium content makes it resistant to oxidation and carburation at high temperatures. St.St. 2.4858 The addition of molybdenum and cooper make highly resistance to reducing and oxidising acids, crevice corrosion under stress and pitting corrosion. It is particularly resistant to sulphuric and phosphoric acid. St.St. 2.4816 Nickel chromium alloy offering high resistance to oxidation at high temperatures and resistance to crevice corrosion under stress due to chlorine ions, corrosion by very pure water and caustic corrosion. As deposit attacks, corrosion under stress and chemical corrosion (pitting) depend upon the conditions of utilisation, Cetal shall not be responsible for failures and defects due to corrosion. We encourage you to check if the offered material is suitable for your application. (1) Stainless steel tube on stock Copper CETAL code AFNOR code AISI code DIN code Usuels diameters 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 K COPPER V Z 6 CNT 18-10 321 1.4541 Austenitic steel C Z 6 CNDT 17-12 316 Ti 1.4404 N Z 15 CN 24-13 309 1.4828 Z Z 8 NC 32-20 INCOLOY 800 1.4876 Nickel alloy A Z 3 NC DU 42-22 INCOLOY 825 2.4858 I Z 8 NC 75-15 INCONEL 600 2.4816

MATerials

250 C in the air

(1) (1)
750 C

limit temp of use 750 C

1000 C

950 C

950 C

(1)
950 C

ELECTRICAL CHaractEristiCS
Usual diameters Maximum use voltage Max. current intensity per resistor Power tolerance >100 W Power tolerance <100 W 6,5 415 V 10 A +5 - 10 % 10 % 8,5 415 V 14 A +5 - 10 % 10 % 10 500 V 14 A +5 - 10 % 10 % 13,5 750 V 16 750 V

DIMENSIONAL CHaractEristiCS
The heating length of an element is determined to ensure even distribution of heat in the heated medium. It is calculated to the HL fomula in cm : Lch en cm = P p.s. P = heating element nominal power p = specific load in W/cm s = periphery of heating element in cm

20 A
+5 - 10 % 10 %

60 A
+5 - 10 % 10 %

mEcaniCAL CHaractEristiCS
Sheaths Forming Tolerances Very high quality rolled, welded or seamless tube manufactured and inspected according to standards ASTM-DIN ouNFA 49-147 The heating elements are available in a variety of shapes adapted to the use circumstances defined in the specifications or by the customer diameter : length : standard material : 6,5 0,1 mm 13,5 0,1 mm 8,5 0,1 mm 16 0,1 mm 10 0,1 mm 1 % with + 5 mm minimum the dimensions in the table are maximal dimensions intented to prevent assembly problems

Codification
Non standard products code R = 16 = V = heating resistor element diameter in mm sheath grade (Z6 CNT 18-10) exAmple : R 16 V1500/0150 (.......) 1500 = 0150 = (.......) = heating element total length in mm non heating length in mm on either side of the heating part. replying reference

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10 9

connecting teRminals
type B 100 Threaded steel or stainless steel rod type B 200 Plain rod

C I

code no B104 B114 B114 CN B115 B115 CN B116 B116 CN B118 B118 CN

Dimensions mm C M4 x 0,7 20 M4 x 0,7 20 M4 x 0,7 20 M5 x 0,8 30 M5 x 0,8 30 M6 x 1 35 M6 x 1 35 M8 x 1,25 35 M8 x 1,25 35

Sheats I 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 5 5 5 10 10 10 10 10 10

code no B212 B215

Dimensions Sheats mm C I 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 2 20 5 3,5 25 5

type B 300 braid or cable

B 345 B 346

C 65

PVC insolated copper cable H07VK 70 C

code no Dimensions Sheats section C 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 mm 1,5 (1) 2,5 (1)

C 65

silicone insolated copper 180 C

code no B 351 / B 361 B 352 / B 362 B 353 / B 363 B 354 / B 364 Dimensions Sheats section C 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 mm 1,5 (1) 2,5 (1) 4 (1) 6 (1)

C 65

Rubber insolated copper H07RNF 85 C

B 331 B 332 B 333 B 335 B 336 B 337 B 338 B 339 1,5 2,5 4 1,5 2,5 4 6 10 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

C 65

Glass braided copper 280 C

B 325 B 321 B 322 B 323 B 324 1 1,5 2,5 4 6 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

insolated nickel wire 700 C

B 371 B 372 B 373 B 374 1,5 2,5 4 6 (1) (1) (1) (1)

C I

Nickel braided nickel 350 C / 450 C

B 340 / B 325 B 341 / B 326 B 342 / B 327 B 328 B 329 1 2,5 2,5 4 6 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)

C I

ceramic nickel wire

B 312 B 313 1,5 2,5 (1) (1)

(1) cable length on request

type B 400 6,35 TAB

type B 500 flat terminal

C 25 23 15 22 22 sheath I 6,5 8,5 10 5 5 5 5 5

Code no B 411 B 412 B 413 B 422 B 423

Dimensions description straight single curved single transverse single straight twin delta twin

Code no B 521 E B 521 B 522 B 523

Dimensions sheath C I 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 25 5 30 30 10 10

type B 600 threaded terminal

type B 700 screw type brass terminal

Dimensions sheath mm C I 6,5 8,5 10 30 21 5 5

Code no

C
Code no B 714

Threaded brass terminal : B 614-6 M6 x 1 Threaded stainless steel terminal : B 623-6 M6 x 1

Dimensions C I 15 5

6,5

sheath 8,5 10

type B 900 brass pin terminal

type B 800 brazable Steatite

C I

Dimensions sheath mm C I 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 B 808 M6 37 13 B 810 M6 37 13 B 816 M8 55 15 watertight Use in humid temperature from - 60C to + 200C conditions defrosting resistance Code no

C I

Code no B 902-6 B 914-6

Dimensions sheath mm C I 6,5 8,5 10 13,5 16 6 22 5 6 22 5

10

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HEATING ELEMENTS ACCORDING TO spEcifications

Tubular heating elements are required solutions for maintaining the temperature of solids, liquids, gases or heating them up electrically with the help of the Joule effect, conduction, convection or radiation in all types of industry. Tubular heating elements are produced according to drawings, models, templates or customers specifications, with a 6600 mm (260) maximum developed length. The heating element, diameter ranging from 6.5 to 16 mm, is made of copper, stainless steel or incoloy. Watt densities are adapted to processes. Unit production, prototyping and mass-production are feasible.

ASSEMBLY PARTS
TO SCREW TO FIX
type 300 CONNECTORS
Code no 310 CN 310 310 LTS 312 LTS 312 312 312 Fe 313 314 314 L 314 Fe 314 FeL 314 CN 316 316 Fe 320 320 Fe 320 CN 324 324 Fe 324 CN

E e

FLANGE TO SPECIFICATIONS
Sheat 6,5 6,5 6,5 8,5 6,5-8,5 6,5-8,5 6,5-8,5 8,5 8,5-10 8,5-10 8,5-10 8,5-10 8,5-10 8,5-10 10 13,5 13,5 13,5 16 16 16 Examples : carbon steel or stainless steel, cut or deepdrawn 1 - 5mm thick.

Material S.steel Brass Brass Brass S.steel Brass Steel Brass Brass Brass Steel Steel S.steel Brass Steel Brass Steel S.steel Brass Steel S.steel

d
Heating elements with such connectors are supplied with nuts and seals.

Dimensions d E e M10 x 1 R14 3 M10 x 1 R14 3 M10 x 1 R15 3 M12 x 1 R17 4 M12 x 1 R18 4 M12 x 1 R18 4 M12 x 1 R18 4 G 1/4 H19 4 M14 x 1,5 R20 4 M14 x 1,5 R20 4 M14 x 1,5 R20 4 M14 x 1,5 R20 4 M14 x 1,5 R20 4 M16 x 1,5 R22 4 M16 x 1,5 R23 6 M20 x 1,5 R27 5 M20 x 1,5 R27 5 M20 x 1,5 R27 5 M24 x 1,5 R32 5 M24 x 1,5 R32 5 M24 x 1,5 R32 5

L 15 15 12 12 12 12 12 14 14 20 14 20 16 17 45 20 20 20 20 20 22

bending exAmples
minimum bending radius
Non Non Non heating heating heating radius radius radius Non Non Non heating heating heating radius radius radius Non Non Non heating heating heating radius radius radius

ng og rorn ww
r = minimum bending radius The heating part cannot in any circumstance start in the bending radius. Its starting point must always be located at least 15 mn before or after the bend. The minimum bending diameter depens upon the grade. See next table. Usual sheath Copper Stainless steel Incoloy Inconel 6,5 8,5 10 13,5/16 8,5 9 12 22,5 7,5 9 11 20 11 17,5 18,5 30 20 40

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10 11

BENDING EXAMPLES
Code no 11-1-00-00 A Code no 11-1-00-11 A Code no 13-2-00-00 A Code no 13-2-00-00 B

Code no 12-1-11-00 A

Code no 13-1-00-00 A

Code no 13-1-20-00 A

Code no 15-1-22-00 A

Code no 31-1-00-11 A

Code no 31-1-11-00 A

Code no 56-1-10-11 A

Code no 56-1-10-00 A

rr
rrr rrr r r rr r r r r rrrr rr r r r rr r r rr

Code no 44-4-00-00 A

Code no 43-3-11-11 A

Code no 46-6-01-11 A

Code no 45-5-01-11 B

realization Examples

12

food industries hydraulic power plant nuclear power plant heavy fuel oil power plant fuel gas compressor printing house iron and steel industry research

ELEMENTS formed to templates

These elements offer a very good alternative for duppilcate-moulded heating plates, particulary for heating hot-channel distributor units in the plastics industry. Because of the specific manufacturing conditions used by Cetal, the temperature is distributed very evenly over the entire formed heating element.

technical caracteristics
Power : Alimentation : Tolerance of bending : Minimum bending radius Sheath 6,5 : Sheath 8,5 : Sheath 10 : Data sheet : according to specifications mono 230 V - 400 V or else individuel controle on size see table p11 0,1 0,1 0,1 see www.cetal.com

DUPLICATE-MOULDED/CASTED ELEMENTS
Duplicate-moulded elements may be alternative for heating sheaths or fitted with sheaths for the following reactors. They are in accordance with CENELEC standard and ATEX functions :  cooling by means of circulating directive. They have an EC type examination (ATEX 6094X) delivered water or cooling fluid.  heating of compressed air or by the LCIE. pressurised gas etc. The elements come in the form of Aluminium-moulded elements, used half bands and offer an excellent for heating applications up to 400 C, TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS can have a maximum mass of 400 kg. Brass-moulded elements (maximum Power supply : single or 3 Ph, 230 V - 400 V or other voltage process temperature : 600C) and Maximum load on the element : 20 W/cm Maximum weigth : alu 400 kg / brass 300 kg Cupronickel-moulded elements Protective casing : sealed or explosion-proof (maximum process temperature : Electrical connection via threaded terminals or cables welded to the heating elements outputs 650C) can have a maximum mass Machined : to specificztions of 300 kg. Fastened : via bolts Duplicate-moulded elements (collars, Heat-insulation : upon request, depending on the temperature Data sheet form : see www.cetal.com plates,) are manufactured on request. Devices can be produced recommended temperatures for use according to ATEX directives. Gravity moulding is performed either Alu : 400 C in a sand mould or in a metal mould Brass : 600 C Bronze : 650 C depending upon the number of pieces Cupronickel : 750 C and the mechanical characteristics Cast iron : 950 C required. The heating elements are embedded in aluminium, brass, copper-nickel or cast iron. These sturdy and tightly sealed products are designed for use in severe industrial surroundings (impacts, vibrations) to provide even heating, flat or cylindrical.

INFRARED GENERATORS
Infrared radiation is especially These sturdy generators are used in suitable for heating moving parts in all positions and surroundings : hot, applications such as paint curing, humid or dusty. print drying or sterilisation. The armoured elements are heated to a surface temperature of 750 - 900C and emit in the spectrum of medium Wavelength wavelengths ranging from 2.82 m to 247 m. These straight or hairpin-shaped elements can be mounted in front of a reflector with high reflective power.
Wavelength Strand Quartz sheath Blinded element to Ceramic ware Blinded element to

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13

Screw on immersion heaters

15 bars. Power ranges from 100 W to 35 kW, for 230 V 380 V 690 V or other specified voltages. Watt densities are adapted to the customers requirements. ATEX They are used for heating static certified products are available for or circulating water, oils or other explosive atmospheres. Screw-on immersion heaters are specific liquids, air or gasses, at a made of three or six copper, stainless maximum operational pressure of CETAL has extensive experience in these screw plug immersion heaters, which are commonly used for heating static or circulating water, rinsing baths, special oils, acids, heat transfer media, heavy fuel oil or gas. steels or incolloy heating elements, depending on the heated fluid, brazed or welded on assembly plugs, with metric or British thread sizes.

principle drawing
Heating elements brazed or welded
Stand on terminal enclosure
CONNECTION BOX IL CL HL

Removable heating rods

Stand on terminal enclosure
IL
HI

Stand off terminal enclosure for temperature > 120C

IL SOL CL

Stand off terminal enclosure for temperature > 120C

IL

CL

HL

SOL

CL

HL 19

CONNECTION SHEATH SCREW NIPPEL

SPACER

SLEEVE

19

Pour temprature > 120 C

Pour temprature > 120 C

HL = heating length CL = cold length IL = immersion length SOL = stand off length

IL

NON HEATING LENGTH SELECTION/MOUNTING RECOMMANDATION

Minimal level Cold length Minimal level must be VENT BEFORE ENERGIZED OUTLET

INLET

ASSEMBLY PARTS
Type 400 ROUND PLUG
Code no 419 437 445 477 Use Dimensions d E e L Brass M19 x 1,5 R22 2 10 Brass M37 x 1,5 R45 5 11 Brass M45 x 2 R55 5 10 Brass M77 x 2 R90 4 10 movable immersion heaters mounted on handle or cover Material Code no

Type 500 HEX PLUG

Dimensions d E e L 545 FC Brass M45 x 2 H60 8 31 577 FC Brass M77 x 2 H90 10 31 577 FC CN S. steel M77 x 2 H90 10 31 545 Brass M45 x 2 H60 10 15 527 Brass G 3/4 H32 8 15 534 Brass G1 H32 8 15 577 Brass M77 x 2 H95 10 20 577 CN S. steel M77 x 2 H95 10 20 bottom immersion heaters with OR* Use type enclosure Material

Type 600 HEX PLUG

Code no 621 627 634 642 649 649 CN 659 676 676 CN Special plugs or flanges on request Material Brass Brass Brass Brass Brass S. steel Brass Brass S. steel Dimensions d E e G 1/2 H30 6 G 3/4 H45 8 G1 H45 8 G 1 1/4 H60 8 G 1 1/2 H60 10 G 1 1/2 H60 8 G 2 H70 8 G 2 1/2 H95 10 G 2 1/2 H95 10 L 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20 20 Code no 645 Fe 645 CN 645 677 Fe 677 CN 677 Use Dimensions d E e Steel M 45 x 2 H60 8 S. steel M 45 x 2 H60 8 Brass M 45 x 2 H60 10 Steel M 77 x 2 H95 10 S. steel M 77 x 2 H95 10 Brass M 77 x 2 H95 10 immersion heaters with pivoting protective cover and either on and gland either or side gland Material L 15 15 15 20 20 20 Code no

SQUARE FLANGE
Material Brass Steel S. steel Dimensions mm 110 x 110 x 15 105 x 105 x 25 105 x 105 x 25

14

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MOUNTING ACCESSORIES
WELDING RING
Thread M45 x 2 M77 x 2 G1 G1 1/4 G1 1/2 G2 G2 1/2 D1 55 90 40 55 60 68 90 Dimensions D2 h Steel S. steel 70 18 110 18 45 12 60 12 70 18 75 18 110 18

NUT / SEAL

h M37 x 1,5 6 M45 x 2 8 M77 x 2 10 G1/4 5 G3/4 6 G1 6 G1 1/4 8 G1 1/2 8 G2 10 G2 1/2 10

Thread

Nut Seal a Steel S. steel Brass Low S. steel 45 60 90 19 32 45 60 60 70 90

standard TERMINAL ENCLOSURE

ORPM / ORGM
Pivoting aluminium enclosure with side gland for screw type or flanged immersion heaters. Code no Material Base AxA H Gland

ORS / ORT
Pivoting enclosure for screw type, removable or flanged immersion heaters.

Code no Material

Base

AxA

Gland

ORPM Alu. 45-11/2-2 87x87 93 13 ORGM Alu. 77-21/2 105x105 111 16 Sealed protected cover to standard NFC 20-010. Standard version IP 55 Special version IP 66 gland on cover Option externally or internally controlled thermostat

ORS 45 Protected 45-11/2-2 165x120 65 13 ou 16 metal ORS 77 Protected 77-21/2 165x120 65 16 ou 21 metal ORT 45 ABS plastic 45-11/2-2 180x106 90 13 ou 16 ORT 77 ABS plastic 77-21/2-2 180x106 90 16 ou 21 thermostat (16A 230/400 V) limiter (10A 230/400 V) terminal plate, Optional lamp, contactor S. steel version

temperatuRe control
Regulating (thermostat) or safety (limiter) devices intended for use in the various terminal enclosures (ORS, sealed and explosion-proof). They come in single and three-phase models with breaking power equal to 5 - 16 A. For higher power ratings, a control contactor must be fitted in the electrical cabinet. Several vapour tension models are available to cover major industrial applications in normal and tropicalised versions.

Movable immersion heaters

Stainless steel tube 36 x 42 Heating elements

All standard height : 1000 other on request. These heaters are designed for heating liquids in open tanks with a low or very variable level such as those used for degreasing baths and surface treatment. They are adapted to process requirements and the dimensional restrictions of equipement and can be used for vertical or horizontal (bottom) heating.

Terminal enclosure ORS

specifications
Power and voltage to specification Voltage up to 750 V, single or three-phase connection Watt density of request Heating elements welded to the fastening flange or to a sealed casing welded to the stainless steel rising sheath Casing away from the evaporation area Dimensions adapted to process equipment Retaining spacer on the array Temperature control facility Data sheet form : see www.cetal.com

laboratories maintenance in temperature of fuel tank located outside drilling platform refinery heating of hazardous premises

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15

FLANGE IMMERSION HEATERS

These heaters are particularly suitable for heating and maintaining the temperature of large volumes or heating circulating fluids such as water, heavy fuel oil, thermal fluid, air or gas. They can be fitted on tanks, citerns, boilers and circulation reheaters and are the best electrical heating system for a range of industries such as food processing, chemicals, textiles, plastics etc. ASA standardized flanges according steps. Connection blocks and rods to procedures which have CODAP, are used to ensure the electrical TV and ASME approval. connection. The watt density, ranging from 0.1 to 15 W/cm, is determined from the working parameters of the process and the exchange coefficients. For a maximum immersion length of 3300 mm, the power delivered by a flange immersion heater can reach several MW. The array may be fitted with a temperature control system whereby the power and specific load are controlled by parameters such as flow rate, pressure, viscosity, temperature etc.

The stainless steel or incolloy heating elements are generally hairpin- The electrical cabling in one or more bended and are welded to the DIN/ paces gives access to several power

PRINCIPlE drawing
Version with welded heating elements
The bundle consists of heating elements, the active part is the 80/20 nickel chrome wire. Perfectly centered in the armoured sheath, the latter is supported by high density electrical insulation. The heating element is brazed or welded onto the mounting flange. Stand on enclosure
IL CL HL

Version with removable heating rods

The bundle consist of heating cartridges or cylinder resisitances placed in thimble tubes, which means they can be changed without emptying the fluid. The thimble tubes are brazed or welded onto the mounting flange.

Stand on enclosure
IL CL HL

HL = heating length CL = cold length IL = immersion length SOL =  stand of length (never thermal insulated)

Stand off enclosure for temperature > 120 C

SOL CL IL HL

Stand off enclosure for temperature > 120 C

SOL CL IL HL

MOUNTING RECOMMENDATION (LEVEL/flow contrOl) - PRECAUTIONS OF USE

minimal level minimal level Non heating minimal level Non heating purge BEFORE STARTING Non heating INLET OUTLET

CHARACTERISTIC OF THE BUNDLE

The heating elements maximum number depends on the diameter of the flange (item 3), on the welding procedure (item 4); it determines the minimum dimensions of the enclosure.
enclosure bottom Botier flange
Bride

Version WITH STAND OFF Enclosure WITH GAP

Flange 8,5 - 10 13,5 16 19 6 3 3 3 9 6 3 6 15 9 6 9 DIN(DN) INCH 80 3 100 4 125 5 150 6 21 12 9 15 200 8 39 21 15 30 250 10 54 27 24 * 300 12 84 39 30 * 400 16 147 72 60 * 500 20 210 111 87 *

maximum heating elements

Lment chauffant

HE

Version WITH STAND OFF Enclosure WITHOUT GAP

enclosure bottom flange

Flange 8,5 - 10 13,5 16 19

DIN(DN) INCH

80 3 3 3 3 3

100 4 6 3 3 6

125 5 9 6 6 9

150 6

200 8

250 10

300 12 57 39 27 *

400 16 99 66 48 *

500 20 153 96 78 *

HE

maximum heating elements 15 27 39 9 18 24 6 12 18 12 24 *

Version WITH STAND ON Enclosure

enclosure bottom

Flange 8,5 - 10 13,5

DIN(DN) INCH

80 3 6 3 3 3

100 4 9 6 3 6

125 5 15 9 6 12

150 6 24 12 9 21

200 8 42 24 15 36

250 10 63 39 27 *

300 12 93 60 42 *

400 16 165 102 78 *

500 20 255 156 123 *

maximum heating elements

HE

16 19

16

agro-alimentaire food industries centrale hydraulic de power production plant dnergie nuclearlectrique power plant centrale heavy nuclaire fuel oil power centrale plant thermique fuel gas aucompressor fuel lourd compresseur printing house de gaz iron naturel and steel imprimerie industry industrie research

Terminal enclosure (6)

- Copper steel or stainless steel - IP67 - EEX - Tropicalised

Wiring on busbars (7) de barres

Lifting ring (9)

Sheath (1) mm :  6,5 - 8,5 - 10 13,5 - 16

Material :

Tube (8)

Max. voltage 750 V Max. power > 1 MW

copper stainless steel AISI 321309 - 316 L Incoloy - Inconel 600

For temperature control device limitater thermostat Thermocouple

Immersed length
up to 3300 mm

Rail Mounting flange (3) Cable entry (10)

according to certifed procedures

Heating elements (2)

surface watt density up to 16 W / cm

2

Welding (14)

AFNOR / DIN / ANSI - Diameter and thickness according to specifications possible up to DN 700/28 - Materail : steel or stainless steel - Bearing area FS / SEM / DEM / RF

Spacer (5)
- Spider - 1/2 moon - Baffles - Rods

The exchange conditions (state of laminary or turbulent flow) are modified according to shape and number of spacers (5). The hydraulic

SPACERS

Contre bride colerette souder en bout diameter may be reduced by adding one or The heating elements are welded according requirements or brazed. Penetration testing Bride TP pleine Citerne / de Cuve de Bride TP to pleine certified welding procedures (QMOS) in and pressure tests in / aCorps hydraulic chamber eur cir Citerne / Cuve / Corps rchau eur rchau circulation more tubes in the bundle. compliance with CODAP, ASME ou TV guarantee the perfect quality of the welds.

AssemblYS Contre bride colerette souder en b

Joint

CHaractEristiCS OF THE FLANGE

The nature of the material and the dimensions The nature of the fluid to be heated and the of the flange, thickness and cross section, are maximum pressure allow the shape (joining) determined by the operatio and calculation and the surface condition (roughness) of the Contre colerette souder en bout requirements. Standard flanges will be prefered joint face bride to be defined. Contre bride colerette souder en bout Bride TP pleine (rep.3). Citerne / Cuve / Corps de rchau eur circulation Bride TP pleine blind Bride TPflange pleine

Joint

Citerne / Cuve / Corps de rchau eur circulation

Joint

Joint

WN counter flange weldet on the tank, Contre bride colerette souder en bout vessel Citerne / Cuve / Corps de nozzie rchau eur circulation

Joint

Form
Flat blind flange Form A Flat blind flange Form B WN RF flange

eNCLOSURE
WN Ring joint facings flange

Mle Joint Femelle

Male Mle Gasket Joint Female Femelle

Male Mle Gasket Joint Female Femelle

Mle Joint

Femelle

CHaractEristiCS OF THE ENCLOSURE Mle

The robust enclosure (6) protects people as Joint PROTECTED MleENCLOSURE Version well as the electricalMle connections and the Mle Mle all Femelle temperature control equipement. To satisfy DN 150 200 300 350 400 450 Joint 250 environmental conditions, CETAL offers different Joint Joint inch 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Flange Joint type of enclosures made of PVC, aluminium, 290 285 x 290 340 x 350 370 x 380 420 x 430 480 x 490 coasted steel or stainless steel depending on Enclosure A x B mm 240 x 240 245 x Femelle Femelle Femelle Femelle h mm 400 430 430 480 480 480 480 the atmosphere (corrosive, saline, tropical). The protection degree (IP and EX) depends on the conditions of use (industrial atmosphere, dust, explosive atmosphere). The enclosures dimensions are determined by the number of elements, the number of junction blocks, busbars or teminal plates (7), the number and the size of the cable glands and the cross section (bending radius) of the power supply cables. When installing, please always ensure that there is sufficient free space around the enclosures to allow the air to circulate around it.
flange

Mle Joint Femelle

WATERPROOF ENCLOSURE Version IP67 IK 10

DN inch mm h mm 80 3 155 150 100 4 180 150 125 5 210 200 150 6 235 200 200 8 285 250 250 10 340 250 300 12 390 250 350 14 440 250 450 16 490 250

Enclosure

EXPLOSION PROOF ENCLOSURE Version

Enclosure e Type Material Atmosphere Mode of production Ability Size mini Size maxi BCAE C.St / St. St - 40 + 60 C EEXeII 2GD Enclosure d Enclosure d aluminium or brass steel or stainless BRAE ** IIB/BIIC BROAE ** /BRGM C. St alu - 40 + 60 C - 40 + 60 C EEXdIIB/C 2GD EEXdIIC 2GD Enclosure de BRAE * IIB/IIC C. St - 20 + 60 C EEXdeIIC 2G Enclosure d BRAE 55 Brass - 20 + 60 C EEXdIIC 2G

LCIE 01 ATEX 008U 100x100x80 1000x2000x500

LCIE 06 ATEX 008U 210 960

LCIE 04 ATEX 008U 80 130

LCIE 01 ATEX 006U/007U 200 770

LCIE 01 ATEX 001U 50

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10 17

PROCESS CIRCULATION HEATERS

Forced circulation fluid heaters are particularly suited to the heating of liquids such as water, superheated water, heavy oil, fuels, oils and thermal fluids and to the heating of gases under pressure such as air, steam (superheater), nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, etc. Defined specifically for each industrial application, these heaters consist of one or more steel or stainless steel bodies linked hydraulically in series and/or in parallel and meet the requirements conforming to the PED European Directive. To prevent corrosion problems related to the working fluid and operation temperature, the constituting elements of the heating array are built with the appropriate stainless steel. The heating elements and the bundle spacers are designed to obtain the optimal heat exchange coefficient. The heating array, with a maximum immersion length of 3300 mm, can be equipped with temperature control devices to regulate the sheath watt density (W/cm) as a function of parameters such as fluid flow, pressure, viscosity, fluid temperature, sheath skin temperature, etc Built in accordance with the construction codes specified for the pressure and temperature in question (CODAP, ASME, TEMA, STOOMWEZEN), these assemblies allow very high power ratings to be reached (= 2000 kW) and the controlling of circulation speeds, essential characteristics for guaranteeing an excellent thermal exchange.

Air circulation heater 400 C 300 kW 6 x 50 kW serial

Air Super heater at 1000 C with VHP heating rods

POWER CONTROL PANELS

The electric heating of industrial processes using heating elements or assemblies, requires high-performance control that is properly adapted to the characteristics of the fluid to be heated (thermosensitive variable viscosity), to the operational temperature (accuracy - stable or variable) and to the specifications of the process (stable - slightly or highly variable flow rate/volume). These characteristics allow the determination of the system of regulation and the equipment selection for the regulation loop in order to guarantee optimum control of the dissipated energy.

Control enclosure EExpll 70 C The temperature measuring devices that equips our electrothermal assemblies are adpated to the method of operation selected in relation to the characteristics of the regulator (thermocouple type J-K etc). Their position (temperature of the tube-of the fluid) are deteminated by the process requirements (regulation-safety). The regulation method choise (phase angle - wave train) depends on the application. For equipment with very high power rating, the combination of the all or nothing (ON/OFF) and analog solutions allows controlling of the electric power supplied over all range available. Power control panel with 2 Thyristor The control/regulation cabinets enclosures display the signals and process controlled: operation - faults - temperature - set points. The later can be controlled in local or remote mode, manually or automatically, but as call or nothing or on a Modbus, FIB, Profibus DP network. Built according to the NCF 15. 000-EN 60204-I or NEMA standards, control/regulation and power cabinets or enclosures are adapted to the environmental conditions (indoor ou outdoor installation in humid, tropical, saline zones etc...) and the zone classification.
CG TRANSFORMATOR

They may be fitted with ventilation, heating or cooling systems. An operation with a variable surface power density will be controlled by an analog control

signal ( thermocouple, temperature, probe). The power will be controlled by thyristor.

ANALOGICAL SYSTEM
PROTECTION

HIGH SPEED FUSES

BLOCK THYRISTOR

POWER CONTROL REGULATOR SWITCH RELAY LIGTH

CONTROL SENSOR HEATING ELEMENTS

SAFETY SENSOR

PRESSURE SENSOR

FLOW SENSOR

18

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RIBBED HEATING ELEMENTS

Ribbed resistance heaters are ideal for the convection-heating of air in stoves, industrial ovens, drying cabinets and facilities, air-conditioning equipment etc. Ribbed heaters are generally used to heat air or non corrosive gas by natural or forced convection. The heating elements are made of Z6 CNT 18-10 stainless steel (ST. ST. AISI 321) tubes of diameters 8.5, 10, 13 and 16 mm. The sheaths are fitted without clearance with electrogralvanized steel ribs. Equipped with crimped steel fittings (M14 or M21), the heating elements are delivered with joints and nuts; B500 type flat connecting terminals are used to realize the electrical connection. We have the technology for making compact air duct heaters. The heaters designed for use in applications requiring high temperatures or in corrosive atmospheres are fitted with stainless steel ribs and connectors.

techniCAL cHaractEristiCS
 AISI 321 stainless steel element with rectangular ribs made of zinc-palted or stainless steel, snugly fitted on the armouring sheath Crimped or welded steel connectors Supplied with washers and nuts  Elecrical connection via standard B500 series terminals  Low heating at the bent part of the ribbed element Data sheet form : see www.cetal.com Optional features :  Enamelled or stainless steel ribbig, round or rectangular Specially formed  Special connecting terminals for corrosive, humid and tropical atmospheres Recommanded watt density :  2 W/cm for 0 m/s convection  4 W/cm for min. speed 2m/s  5 W/cm for min. speed 3m/s

ACCESSOries
STAINLESS STEEL SUPPORTING ROD SE AR 8 - SE AR 10 SUPPORTING SET JS AR 8 - JS AR 10 cadmium protected steel SUPPORTING ROD SE AR 16 SUPPORTING SET JS AR 16

16

30
ENCLOSURE WITH CG n13 ORPMA ENCLOSURE WITH CG n16 ORGMA

Industrial air duct heaters

mounted on steel or stainless casings to allow their installation on the duct network. The air duct heater may be fitted with temperature control systems (thermostat, limiter, thermocouple) whereby the power may be controlled according to parameters such as flow rate, outlet temperature, surface watt density (W/cm). The equipment The heating elements are wired with may be mounted on the outlet of the high temperature cables, generally circulating fluid stream or fixed onto in busbars mounted on insulators at the heating elements (surface temperature control). one or more rates. The elements are specially shaped so as to obtain the best curtain type exchange surface and are fixed on a stainless steel or steel plate. Fitted with an electrical terminal enclosure separate from the plate for uses at temperatures over 120 C, the batteries may be powered by three-phase supplies up to 750V. Designed to be used at temperatures up to 850C, the plates may be
Heating of air containing tack in suspension Power rating 540 kW inlet/outlet temperature 190/400 C

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19

Equipments FOR haZardous ATMOSPHERES

Used in hazardous atmospheres for heating gas or liquids subject to natural convection or forced circulation, CETAL immersion heaters have certificates issued by the LCIE. They meet the requirements of the new European Directive 94/9/ EC of 23.03.94 (ATEX) and standards (CENELEC). The different versions immersion heaters with casings with a component certificate, immersion heaters with a certificate of conformity the wide choice of possibilities and methods of protection, guarantee a solution suited to the customers requirements.

STANDARD INFORMATION - ATEX DIRECTIVES

The hazard of a mixture air and other substance is depending of his flammable concentration and of his own characteristics. Two classifications according the hazard :

Gas groups
Place of use Mines susceptible to friedamp Group : CENELEC / IEC Group / class / zone Canada and USA I II A Surface industries II B II C D-CI I Div 1/2 C-CI I Div 1/2 B-CI I Div 1/2 A-CI I Div 1/2 Gaseous mines II A-CI Zone 0/1/2 II B-CI Zone 0/1/2 II C-CI Zone 0/1/2 Representative gases Methane

Propane, butane, benzene, acetone, alcool, methyl, kerosene, mazout, petroleum naphta
Ethylene, ethyl, ether, butadiene Hydrogen Acetylene

marking temperatures
The flammable procucts have different ignition temperatures. The more the temperature is low, the more the product is dangerous. The equipments intended to be in operation in an hazardous area are classified according the maximal surface temperature. TC CENELEC NEC 450 T1 T1 300 T2 280 T2A 260 T2 T2B 230 T2C 215 T2D 200 T3A 180 T3 T3B 165 T3C 160 T3D 135 T4 T4 120 T4A 100 T5 T5 85 T6 T6

NB : for electrical equipment with explosion proof enclosures the gases and vapours are classified according to the maximum experimental safety clearance (IEMS) in subdivision A-B-C. The NEC 500 standard escablishes a classification in groups.

electrical elements Protection in hazardous atmosphere

IEC/CENELEC and NEC standards
The EN 60079-0 standard (general rules) specifies the general rules for the construction, testing and marking of electrical equipment, cable entries, components for use in explosive atmospheres in the form of gases, vapours or mists. Different methods of protection according to particular concepts may be used for the manufacturing of electrical equipment. There are described in the standards (EN 60079-X) which complete or modify the EN 60079-0 standard. In combustible dust atmosphere, the protection can be secured against dust by tightening and surface temperature limiting.

Enclosure protection indices

Enclosures are often required to be sealed. The index indicates the degree of protection against solid bodies (1 st fig. from 0 to 6) and against liquids (2nd fig. from 0 to 8). For protection against electric shocks the NFC 20030 (IEC 60529) defines four classes. The EN60079-0 standard requires, for all equipment, at least one connecting element for the protective conductor or equipotential bonding. NOTE : NEMA standards 7 to 10 concern equipment for hazardous areas. Correlation between 250 STANDARD AND IP (IEC) nema 1 nema 2 nema 3R nema 5-12-12K IP 10 IP 11 IP 14 IP 52 nema 3-3S-13 nema 4-4X nema 6-6P IP 54 IP 56 IP 67

NB : The NEMA 250 takes into consideration the environment conditions (cold, vapour, corrosion) and the risk in relation to mechanical shocks. Although it is possible to convert from NEMA to IP, the opposite is not possible or the tests and trials are different. National Electrical Manufacturers Association (US)

The European directives

Directive 1999/92/CE end (user directive)
Its objective is to improve protection in terms of the health and safety of workers exposed to the risk of explosive atmospheres. It stipulates technical and organisational protective measures to be taken and the documents relating to protection. The risk of explosion must be prevented and dangerous locations must be classified into zones. Classification of hazardous location where there is a risk of explosion : it is defined that the zoning responsability lies on the shoulder of the end-user. This means he must update the zoning of its premises every time a change affecting the zoning occurs e.g. : changing its progress, changing the organisation, of its units, revamping them or putting in operation assemblies that due to their intended use bring their own zoning. This, of course includes the new assemblies in relation to the conditions that may affect them e.g. : existing zoning, temperature condition. Probability of an ATEX Duration of presence Definitions High >1000 hour/year Location where an explosive atmosphere is present all the time or for long periods or irregulary Average and low 10 < hours/year < 1000 Location where an explosive atmosphere is likely to occur occasionally under normal operating conditions very low 1 < hours/year < 10 Improbable 1 < hours/year

Location where an explosive atmosphere No hazardous is not likely to occur under normal location operating conditions or, if it is present nevertheless, is only of short duration (foreseeable abnormal operating conditions) occasional presence (abnormal operation conditions) Zone 2 (gas) Zone 22 (dust) CI II Div 2 / CI I Zone 2 (gas) CI II Div 2 (dust) CI II Div 2 (fibres)

Explosive atmosphere IEC, Europe, France Canada, (CEC) 1 USA (NEC) 2

Continuous presence Zone 0 (gas) Zone 20 (dust) CI II Div 1 / CI I Zone 0 (gas) CI II Div 1 (dust) CI II Div 1 (fibres)

Intermittent presence (normal operation conditions) Zone 1 (gas) Zone 21 (dust) CI II Div 1 / CI I Zone 1 (gas) CI II Div 1 (dust) CI II Div 1 (fibres)

(1) CEC : Canadien Electricity Code (2) National Electricity Code

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Directing 94/9/CE (manufacturer directives)

It states the equipment class according to protection degree. Must be applied to equipments and systems. The directing specifies the conformity valuation procedures. Asparatus categories ASPARATUS M1 GROUP 1 (mines) M2 1 ASPARATUS GROUP 2 2 (surface) EC type examination certificate by notified body Components are called all parts that are essential to the safe operation of apparatus and protection systems, but which have no autonomous function. 3 Inflammable substances Methan dust Methan Dust Gas, vapour Mists Dust Gas, vapour Mists Dust Gas, vapour Mists Dust Protection level Very high level High level Very high level High level Normal level Fault protection 2 type of protection or 2 independant faults Comparison with current practice CETAL and IEC products Group I NO NO NO YES YES

1 type of protection normal operation Group I 2 type of protection or 2 independant faults 1 type of protection usual & frequent disturbance level of protection required Group II Z0 (gas) / Z20 (dust) Group II ZI (gas) / Z20 (dust) Group II Z2 (gas) / Z22 (dust)

Electrical equipment must conform to a type that has obtained a EC type examination certificate from on official body.

This certificate is issued when the equipment has satisfied the construction rule, the checks and tests required by the standards relating to the method of protection chosen.

CE marking codes
Its specified by 94/9/CE directing Equipment group for surface category Equipment present zone 2 Atmosphere type Gas or Dust Portection used (ie-d-ia) available for Cetal product Equipement complies with 1 type of protection standardisez by Cenelec

0081
Identification number of notified body (LCIE)

II 2 GD

EEX

IIC

T6
Temperature class T1 to T6 for an ambient temperature of 40C

Use of equipment in potentially explosive atmosphere Certification body

Use in surface industries Gas subdivision (IIA - IIB - IIC)

LCIE

05ATEX
Certificat n

Product specifications X U
X : precaution of use U : Certified component

Equipments for explosion risk atmospheres

Operation in gazeous explosive atmosphere
Four rules must be respected in gazeous explosive atmosphere : 1) Equipment group according to explosion protection degree 2) Gas group and subdivision 3) Temperature group 4)  Ambiant temperature : standard requirements from minus 20C to plus 40C CETAL equipments are certified from minus 40C to plus 60C Equipment location zone Zone 0 Zone 1 Zone 2 Allowed categorie 1G 1G - 2G 1G - 2G - 3G CETAL products NO YES YES

Operation in dusty explosive atmosphere

Four rules must be respected in dusty explosive atmosphere : 1)  Equipment group according to explosion protection degree 2) Profing degree of equipment 3) Surface temperature 4)  Ambiant temperature : standard requirements from minus 20C to plus 40C CETAL equipments are certified from minus 40C to plus 60C Equipment location zone Zone 20 Zone 21 Zone 22 Insulating dust Allowed categorie 1D 1D - 2D Conductive dust 1D - 2D 3D Protection degree IP6X IP6X IP6X IP6X CETAL products NO YES YES YES

CETAL offer
To meet industrial requirements, CETAL use protective mode e ( EN 60079-7 increased safety) and d (EN 60079-1 flameproof enclosures). Protection mode by flame proof enclosure d The casing (enclosure) must contain the explosion, guarantee that the ignition cannot be propagated and have at every point a temperature lower than the self-ignition temperature of the Protection mode by increased safety e This mode of protection is perfectly applicable to terminal enclosures. It consists of making impossible any appearance of an ignition source (electric Protection mode de Combination of modes of protection by explosion proof enclosure and enhanced safety de There are different solutions for adapting the equipment to the conditions of installation : at the connecting terminals of the heating elements and the measuring equipment are mounted in an surrounding gases and vapours. The quality of the seal (cylindrical, flat, threaded), the length of the seal and of the clearance depend on the unobstructec capacity of the enclosure and of the gas classified in a subdivision (according to CENELEC) or in a group (according to NEC) ; their values make the propagation of the ignition impossible in the atmosphere in question.

arc, rise in temperature) thanks to the use of high quality insulation material, dimensioned to the leakage paths and distance in the air and to

the quality of the electric connections. It should be noted that this method of protection is suited to all gas or vapour subdivisions.

explosion proof casing. The eletric connection is made inside an enhanced safety casing. All the terminals are placed in an increased safety casing. The certified type temperature control devices are located in a type d auxiliary casing.

All equipment for use in explosive atmospheres made and sold by Cetal have a certificate of conformity or component certficate. Furthermore, it complies with the new ATEX European Directive.

Cable glands
As far as possible, cables and accessoiries should be used so as not to expose them to mechanical damage, corrosive or chemical influences, or the effects of heat. Where there is a risk, appropriate measures must be taken and the proper cables must be chosen (armourded cables with mineral insulation, with reinforced cross sections to limit the admissible current.) Knowledge of the specific installation methods and instructions for each different country is essential. Unless otherwise specified, the cable glands are selected for non-reinforced cable.

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PRODUCT RANGE FOR HAZARDOUS ATMOSPHERES

MOULDED ElEments
The heating assemblies duplicate-moulded with aluminium, cupronickel, brass, are fitted with Certified type explosion proof casings with temperature control by thermostat, limiter, temperature probe, integrated into the casing or mounted in an auxiliary casing.

EC type examination certificate : LCIE 04 ATEX 6094X

INDUSTRIAL CONVECTORS
Certified for use in explosive atmospheres, according to the standard, Cetal industrial convectors are particulary suited to the heating of industrial premises, paining booths,
Terminal enclosure EExdIIC

warehouses for inflammable goods, drilling platforms and sites. The convectors are certified EEXdIIC. These convectors consist of enamelled finned elements. The connection by cable gland is made of aluminium EEx casing (single or threephase). The frame is made of coated steel or stainless steel. It may be fitted with a regulating thermostat integrated into the casing.

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RAE EEx d II C T3 (200 C)

W 500 1000 1500 2000 3000 Weight Kg 15 19 23 25 29 L 395 590 770 965 1340 Ref. RAE 05 T3* RAE 10 T3 RAE 15 T3 RAE 20 T3 RAE 30 T3

RAE EEx d II C T4 (135 C)

W Weight Kg 500* 15 1000* 19 1500 23 *Coupling mono L 590 965 1340 Ref. RAE 05 T4* RAE 10 T4 RAE 15 T4

340

*Coupling mono
Ribbed heating elements L CG EX Total length = L + 200

EC type examination certificate : LCIE 01 ATEX 6042X

Terminal enclosure EExdIIC

This product consists of a cylinder placed in a finned tube made of coated steel. The single phase connection by cable gland is made in the EEx casing.

RBAE EEx d II C T3 (200 C)

W 500 1000 1600 2000 Weight Kg 8,5 13 16 21,5 L 790 1140 1740 1990 Ref. RBAE 05 T3 RBAE 10 T3 RBAE 15 T3 RBAE 20 T3

RBAE EEx d II C T4 (135 C)

W 500 1000 1600 Weight Kg 14 18 23 L 1290 2230 3390 Ref. RBAE 05 T4 RBAE 10 T4 RBAE 15 T4

L CG EX

EC type examination certificate : LCIE 01 ATEX 6043X

INDUSTRIAL AIR DUCT HEATERS

These heaters are commonly used under low pressure (< 0.02 bar) and in forced convection for the heating of air conditioning air, of packing rooms, for the storage of hazardous goods or for the heating of air or gas (argon, nitrogen) in industrial processes located in classified zones. They are made from armoured elements specially shaped and positioned to take advantage
From -40 C to 20 C air dryer duct heater assembly - EExe - 6 x 2 m2 exchange surface - Power 240 kW

of an outlet / useful volume ratio and a very high heat exchange. The temperature of the heating elements depends on the outlet temperature desired, on the surface watt density (W/cm), on the nature of the fluid and its flow rate. The electrical connections are made inside one or more casings certified as conform for use in

hazardous atmospheres depending on the version chosen. EC type examination certificate : d-e LCIE 01 ATEX 6044X

IMMERSION HEATERS
Used in hazardous atmospheres for heating gas or liquids subject to natural convection or forced circulation, CETAL immersion heaters have certificates issued by the LCIE. They meet the requirements of the new European Directive 94/9/EC of 23.03.94 (ATEX) and standards (CENELEC). The different versions immersion heaters with casings with a component certificate, immersion heaters with a certificate of conformity the wide choice of possibilities and methods of protection, guarantee a solution suited to the customers requirements. Immersion heaters for explosive atmospheres are equipped of stainless steel or incolloy armoured elements, generally hairpin-shaped, welded to the DIN/ASA standardized flanges according to procedures which have CODAP, TV and ASME approval. The watt density, ranging from 0.1 to 15 W/cm, is determined from the working parameters of the process and the exchange coefficients. For a maximum immersion length of 3300 mm, the power delivered by a flange immersion heater can reach several MW. The electrical cabling in one or more paces gives access to several power steps. Connection blocks and rods are used to ensure the electrical connection. The array may be fitted with a temperature control system whereby the power and specific load are controlled by parameters such as flow rate, pressure, viscosity, temperature etc. EC type examination certificate : Protect. d LCIE 07 ATEX 6004X Protect. e LCIE 01 ATEX 6041X

PROCESS CIRCULATION HEATERS

Forced circulation fluid heaters are particularly suited to the heating of liquids such as water, superheated water, heavy oil, fuels, oils and thermal fluids and to the heating of gases under pressure such as air, steam (superheater), nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, etc. Defined specifically for each industrial application, these heaters consist of one or more steel or stainless steel bodies linked hydraulically in series and/or in parallel and meet the requirements conforming to the PED European Directive. To prevent corrosion problems related to the working fluid and operation temperature, the constituting elements of the heating array are built with the appropriate stainless steel. The heating elements and the bundle spacers are designed to obtain the optimal heat exchange coefficient. The heating array, with a maximum immersion length of 3300 mm, can be equipped with temperature control devices to regulate the sheath watt density (W/cm) as a function of parameters such as fluid flow, pressure, viscosity, fluid temperature, sheath skin temperature, etc Built in accordance with the construction codes specified for the pressure and temperature in question (CODAP, ASME, TEMA, STOOMWEZEN), these assemblies allow very high power ratings to be reached (= 2000 kW) and the controlling of circulation speeds, essential characteristics for guaranteeing an excellent thermal exchange. EC type examination certificate : LCIE 01 ATEX 6046X

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REALIZATION EXAMPLES
Air duct super heater 500 kW Calcination oven.

PETROCHEMICAL

EExdIIC Air ducted heater 3x 20 kW 1 bar maximal pressure in operation.

PETROCHEMICAL

Air dryer circulation heaters assembly 698 kg/h - 570 C 53 kW + 48 kW + 30 kW + 16 kW Hazardous area

DIESEL OIL PRODUCTION

3.2 MW gathering station 53 m3/h water / crude oil circulation heater 82C and 51 barg hazardous area

CRUDE OIL WASTE TRANSPORT

528 kW - 480 Vac 3 Ph Catalytic bed 480C regeneration circulation heater 36 150 lbs inconel flange hazardous area

Reffinery

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boron nitrid vhp heating rods

Manufacturing of very high performance elements is the result of the research and development carried out by CETAL during the period 1986 -1987. This allowed the widening of the application perimeters of heating by the Joule effect which until then was by traditional armoured heating elements (insulation by electrical grade magnesium oxide). The very high performance of these elements are directly connected to the control of the manufacturing process : - Positioning of the heating wire as close as possible to the sheath whilst guaranteeing dielectric rigidity. - Compactness of the insulation (boron nitride) allowing heat transfer and providing electrical insulation when hot. Boron nitride is used as an electrical insulator to produce stainless steel or incolloy tubular heating elements (diameter 10, 16 or 19 mm). These one- or three-phased elements can be equipped with a core-integrated thermocouple. The watt density, which depends on the operating conditions (convection, conduction and radiation) and on the elements sheath temperature, can exceed 100 W/cm

dimensional characteristics
70 C electrical connection rods maximal temperature when energized. nominal diameter mm 8,2 8,5 Connection rods coupling 1 Ph 1 Ph 3 Ph 1 Ph with half 1 Ph with 3 Ph with Ground circuit 1 Ph 3 Ph 1 Ph with half 3 Ph with half 3 Ph with I maxi(A) Cu Cr 105 240 85 60 135 60 50 240 85 60 135 60 50 Nickel / 110 27,5 27,5 60 27,5 22,5 110 27,5 27,5 60 27,5 22,5

16

19

mecanical characteristics
Diameter allowance : Length allowance : Optional : see board according requirements machined according requirements helicoid machined cold part 90 angled with temperature sensor

metallurgical characteristics
AVAILABLE materials
Austenilic steel Afnor designation : AISO designation: DIN designation : Usual diameters Z3 CND 18-12-02 316 L 1.4404 8,2 8,5 16 19 Z8 CN 25-20 310 1.4845 Nickel alloy Z8 NC75-15 Inconel 600 2.4816 Z3 NCDU 42-22 Incoloy 825 2.4858

Max allowed T C 750 C 1050 C

* * * *

* *

* *
1050 C

* *
1000 C

electrical characteristics
Maximal allowed supply voltage : < 1000 V not exceeding 500 W : 10 % Power load variation : beyond 5000 W 10 % / + 5 % By nickeled CuNi rods : 30 mm length By cable : HO7RNF (standard cables or according your requirements)

terminal ENCLOSURE
stainless steel ENCLOSURE
is feeled up with twoo components compound to insure tightening.
according cable section

rotary connexion ENCLOSURE

Type ORPM IP 55 oR IP 66
Aluminium enclosure with power cable gland

33 ou 43

Type ORGM IP 55 oR IP 66
Aluminium enclosure with power cable gland

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Immersion length
up to 5000 mm Sleeve for sensor Material :  310-316L inconnel 600 - incoloy

Sheath (1) mm : 16 - 19

(1) Stainless steel sheath quality is depending of the temperature and heated medium. The two milimetres sheath thickness gives strong and avoids buckling in hot conditions. (2) Stainless steel cold end caps tight welded, according to approved welding procedure. (3) High quality heating wires. Length, quantity and wiring are depending of the ohm value. melting temperature 1200 C.

(4) Electrical connection rods diameter according to current intensity. (5) Powered Boron Nitride ensuring heat transfer and electrical connection.

Welded bottom (2)

wire NiCr 80/20 (3) Flang - mounting part Connection rods (4)

isolation (5)

EXPLOSION PROOF ENCLOSURE

Type BROAE90 IP67
Aluminium enclosure ATEX certified : LCIE 04 ATEX 0008U

Type BROAE130 IP67

Aluminium enclosure ATEX certified : LCIE 04 ATEX 0008U

Type BRAE55 IP66

Aluminium enclosure ATEX certified : LCIE 04 ATEX 0001U

Mounting
The very high preformance heating (VHP) mounting can be secured by sliding fitting (see 1) or screw-on (see 2) soldered flange (see 3) or machined mounting part (see 4).

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

realization Examples
Air circulation heater with flow from 0,1 to 1Kg heated to 1000 C and 50 bars pressure.

Air Super heater at 1000C 16,5 KW. With VHP heating rods.

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DIE HEATING/BOLT HEATERs

CETAL can rely on for fifteen years of bolt heaters, to obtain watt densities experience in the design and manu- that exceed 40 W/cm. These can be used indifferently for tightening / loofacture of bolt heaters. sening of bolts, for thermal dilation CETAL bolt heaters are specially desi- of turbines, for pressure equipments, gned to deliver the maximum power for drop-forge installations to the heating part. CETAL has developed Boron nitride insulation based CETAL bolt heaters can be equipped with low-voltage connectors, cables, terminal enclosures, carrying handles. CETAL bolt heaters technology allows heating to be achieved in a few minutes, thus reducing down-time of pressure equipments and installations considerably.

expansion tightening
assemblING HEATING/EXPANSION SCREWING COOLING/TIGHTENNING

PHT

PHT

PHT

principle drawing
POSITIONNING RING CONNECTOR ENCLOSURE ALU WITH FEMALE CONTACT

HEATING LENGTH MARKS

NOSE LENGTH

HEATING LENGTH ROD LENGTH

COLD LENGTH 120

POWER DESIGN AND SURFACE LOAD

The bolt heater power is depending on the surface load and the clearance (bolt heater inside diameter / blot heater outside diameter) BOLT HEATER IN MM 10,7 11,7 12,2 15,7 17,7 19,7 21,65* 24,6* 29,6* BOLT HOLE RECOMMENDED H11 11 12 12,5 16 18 20 22 25 30
C 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 W/cm2 1 2 3 4

1 : clearance = 0,8 mm 2 : clearance = 0,6 mm 3 : clearance = 0,5 mm 4 : clearance = 0,4 mm

Example :  with 0,5 mm clearance and a 20W/cm suface load we will reach an 800 C sheath temperature.

mecanical characteristics
Tube quality : AISI 316L or other on request Optional : cold part 90 angled

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dimensional characteristics
rods nominal diameter mm 10,7 (machining) 11,7 12,2 15,7 - 17,7 19,7 21,65 24,6 29,6 connecting rods coupling ground circuit 1 Ph ground circuit 1 Ph ground circuit 1 Ph ground circuit 1 Ph 3 Ph half diam. rods max AMPS 100 20 100 20 100 20 275 100 100 160 The connection rods are always in copper chromnium for not going up to 90 C.

technical characteristics
Surface load : Voltage : Sheat : Usual : Length : Form : till 40 W/cm 24 V - 48 V - 110 V - 230 V - 400 or other st. st. 321 - 310 - 316 L - incolloy - inconel 11,7 - 12,2 - 17,7 - 19,7 - 21,65 - 24,6 - 29,6 heating or non heating on request straight or cold part cold 90 angled

Maximal allowed nominal voltage : Power load variation : Electrical connections Cable :

< 1000 V not exceeding 5000 W : 10 % beyond 5000 W : -10 % / + 5% aluminium plugs for 24 and 48V

electrical characteristics

HO7RNF standard cable, or on request Silicone cable or other Terminal enclosure with handle (PHT)

connection 24/48 V

connection 230 V - 400 V

connection 230 V - 400 V

Aluminium plug

HORNF standard cable, or on request

Terminal enclosure with handle (PHT)

mounting / accessoiries
Positioning ring diam. 30, diam. 40, or diam. 50 according to bolt heater diameter. Other on request according to specification.

bolt heating practice

YES YES YES

NO

NO

NO

Do not use outdoors.

Check tension of connection.

Care : check clearance.

YES

YES

YES

NO

NO

NO

Check the immersion length before energize

Do not defuse under voltage.

Check the surface state of the drilling.

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Certified quality and environmental management systems Qualified, dynamic & forthcoming teams by your side Partnerships with suppliers and subcontractors Flexibility and effectiveness of processes Products & services improvement and innovation

Agents network in France, in Europe and worldwide

The experience and competence of our engineering department and our high performance equipment enable us to offer a large range of electrothermical equipment (supply and maintenance). The companys know-how and high quality products have strongly contributed to the development of its reputation in France and abroad.

Customers satisfaction
EUROPE FRANCE AMRIQUE DU NORD AFRIQUE ASIE RUSSIE MOYEN-ORIENT

AMRIQUE DU SUD AUSTRALIE

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IMPREX - 2008040067 - 04/08

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