Subject Outline & Admin 32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1

Lecturer: Dr. Daniel R. Franklin Notes originally by Doan Hoang

Subject Name: 32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecturer: Dr. Daniel R. Franklin Ofce: CB01.24.17B E-mail: Daniel.Franklin@uts.edu.au Consultation: Thursdays, 13:00 - 16:00, Building 1 Level 25 LDC

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 1

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 2

Notes:

Notes:

About your Lecturer/Coordinator

Senior Lecturer in Communications and Computing (started at UTS in April 2011) Previously Lecturer and Research Fellow at University of Wollongong PhD in Telecommunications Engineering (UoW, nished in 2007) Passionate about open source, Linux, and computers in general Likes to build things

Textbook & References

Textbook: Schiller J., Mobile Communications, Addison-Wesley, 2nd Edition, 2003. Articles posted on UTSonline - required for written assessment tasks References:
Stallings W., Wireless Communications and Networks, 2nd Edition, Pearson, 2005 Kwok Y. K. and Lau V.K.N., Wireless Internet and Mobile Computing Interoperability and Performance, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2007 Kurose J. F. and Ross, K. W., Computer Networking: a Top Down Approach, 5th Edition, Pearson, 2010

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 3

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 4

Notes:

Notes: The textbook is a little old - however, it is sufcient for this course. That said, no one reference is enough for any subject - this one in particular! You are advised to read widely and nd your own references. There are many good texts which you can use - please ask your lecturer if unsure.

Timetable & Course Materials

Content accessed through UTSonline: http://online.uts.edu.au (32118) Lectures (Week 1 - Week 9), Wednesday 14:00-16:00, CB10.03.330 (i.e. this room) Tutorials (Week 2 - Week 9): Tutorial 1/01: Wednesday 16:00-17:00 CB10.04.470 (Daniel Franklin) Tutorial 1/02: Wednesday 16:00-17:00 CB10.02.240 (Fatima Furqan)

Timetable & Course Materials

Labs (Week 11 - Week 14) Lab 1/01: Wednesday 14:00 - 17:00 CB10.03.470 Lab 1/02: Wednesday 14:00 - 17:00 CB10.02.340

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 5

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 6

Notes: All lecture notes, tutorials, worked solutions, readings and other supporting material will be placed on UTSonline.

Notes:

Consultation
I will be available STRICTLY BY EMAIL APPOINTMENT at LDC1 on Level 25, Thursday 13:00-16:00. I may be available outside this time - e-mail me if you cant make Thursday afternoons. Tutors may offer consultation at their discretion however, your rst point of consultation should be your lecturer. Please let your tutor leave the tutorial on time!

Assessment
Three short written exercises: 5% each (15% total) Midterm multiple-choice / short-answer quiz (one hour): 15% Written in-class exam in week 10 (2 hours, in this lecture theatre during the lecture timeslot): 40% Small design project (Weeks 11 - 14) with oral presentation and written report (in pairs): 30%

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 7

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 8

Notes:

Notes:

E-mail communication
The subject eld should start with [32118]: followed by the topic of your message. For example, an e-mail with a question about the lecture venue for the lecture tomorrow can have the subject line
[32118]: Lecture venue?

Subject Objectives
This subject aims to provide students with an understanding and appreciation of one of the fastest growing and most exciting areas of computer networks. The subject covers the development of the wireless network technology from mobile cellular networks to mobile IP to wireless local area networks. The emphasis is on the concepts, infrastructure, and protocols for supporting device and user mobility. The subject also includes the design (NOT coding) of a simple mobile application.
32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 10

Messages whose subject line does not start with [32118]: may not be answered. Clearly identify the sender - include your REAL name and student ID in the signature
Please keep e-mail messages short and to the point.
32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 9

Notes: Please do not request via e-mail lecture slides, handouts, readings etc. they can be downloaded from the subject website.

Notes:

After Completion, You Should...

Understand the limitations and capabilities of xed & mobile networks; Understanding the fundamentals of wireless transmission and communications techniques; Understand the network infrastructure requirements to support mobile devices and users; Understand the concepts, techniques and protocols used in wireless and mobile networks; Be aware of mobile networking standards; and Understand the nature of mobile applications, and the software, operating system and language requirements to support them.
Notes: You should more generally develop an appreciation of the need for mobility and portability - not just for handsets, but for many other types of intelligent devices as well.

Lecture Topics
Wireless Communications Fundamentals Frequency spectra, channel capacity, Shannons theorem, media characteristics etc. Switching technology: circuit switching, packet switching. Physical layer - Air Interface The National Broadband Network Cellular Networks (Wireless Wide Area Networks) GSM, CDMA, GPRS, etc. Internet Mobile IP
32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 12

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 11

Notes:

Lecture Topics
Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) WiFi - IEEE 802.11 Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN) Bluetooth Zigbee 3G, 4G, WiMax Wireless security Mobile applications, devices, operating systems, languages.

Summary of Topic Areas

Mobile Communications Mobile Computing Mobile Computing Architecture Mobile Devices Mobile System Networks Mobility Management Security

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 13

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 14

Notes:

Notes:

This Weeks Lecture

Overview of Mobile Communications and Computing

Portability and Mobility

Portability - Networked devices may be moved from place to place and used, in place. A portable, Internet-enabled device will need an IP address while it is in use The device might be assigned such an address each time it is pressed into service. Mobility - Networked devices are intended to be used while in transit.

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 15

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 16

Notes:

Notes:

Mobile and Wireless Internet

Wireless Internet is the Internet with the provisioning of wireless access in addition to wireline access. Mobile Internet is the Internet that comes with new enabling functions, and that generates new services, based on: IP-transparency; Mobility management; Addressing; Personalisation of information; Positioning; and Security.
32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 17

Wired vs. Wireless Transmission

S a te llit e O rb it

S AT E L L IT E

Transm itter - ?V +

Receiver
U p lin k

- ? V+
Adjacent sig nal carrying cond ucto rs

D o w n lin k

E A RT H
Transm itter Inner conductor Cover Receiver

Braided outer conductor Insulating spacer (shielded) D Transm itter

Receiver

Ba s e St a t i o n
Light Emitting Diode or Laser Phototransistor

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 18

Notes:

Notes:

Mobile Applications
Users: Mobile workers - workers whose job require mobility: couriers, police ofcers, inspectors, truck drivers. Professionals whose jobs require some amount of travelling: salespeople, managers, consultants Residential users. Remote devices: pumping station, pipelines, generators, storage tanks. Success Factors: Time: Applications are more valuable when they are accessible outside normal hours of business. Location: Location independence is the key differentiator of mobile application (access from anywhere to anywhere) Personalisation: Personal preferences, security information, digital identities can be used to advantage by mobile applications. Other Considerations: push information to users, type of user interface 32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 19

Limitations of Mobile Applications

Resource constraints Interference Bandwidth: limited spectrum Dynamic changes in communication environment: variations in power within a region, loss of connection Network issues: ad hoc, discovery of connection Interoperability issues Security

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 20

Notes:

Notes:

Applications
Communications: Email, SMS, Location Personal Information Management: Calendars, address books, task lists, etc. Residential Users: Financial Applications: banking and brokerage services Payment and Security Shopping Auction Advertising Ticketing and Reservation Membership and Records Location and Navigation Government Services

Applications
Business Users: Mobile-based Supply Chain Management Job Dispatch Sales Force Automation Smartphones Enterprise Solutions Music and Video Mobile Commerce Other applications: Telemetry - Potential telemetry clients and applications include: Trucks - position reporting, eet tracking; Security systems - intrusion reporting; Vending machines - inventory reporting; and ATMs - transaction link, status reporting. Surveillance CAN YOU THINK OF A KILLER APPLICATION?
32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 22

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 21

Notes:

Notes:

The Internet: Brief History

Wireless Networks: Brief History

Bell Labs, 1947: the birth of the cellular concept Japan, 1979: rst direct dial cellular systems deployed. The Nordic countries, 1981: NMT systems. USA, 1983: commercial Advanced Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS) in Chicago. 1983 - Exploration of 2G digital cellular Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) - 1991 Deployment of GSM 1988 - Exploration of the Qualcomm CDMA technology 1993 - Initiation for IS-95 standard for CDMA
Notes:

!"

"

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 23

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 24

Notes:

Wireless Networks: Brief History

Wireless data communication over radio signals: IBM and Motorolas ARDIS network Ericssons Mobitex Cellular digital packet data (CDPD) network. General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) 1998 - 3G standardisation started.

Mobility, Bitrate and Coverage

4G LTE-Advanced WiMaX+

&

'

! " #$
%

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 25

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 26

Notes:

Notes:

PSTN & Cellular Networks

PSTN - Pubic Switched Telephone Network infrastructure consists of switches, point-to-point connections, and computers for operation and maintenance. The xed infrastructure of the cellular telephone service has its own mobility-aware switches, point-to-point connections and other hardware support. Other components: base stations, antennas, mobile devices etc.

Public Switched Telephone Networks

703 330 3281
2:45 PM

703 330 3307

2:45 PM

703 330 3401

2:45 PM 2:45 PM

2005-06-07

2005-06-07

2005-06-07

2005-06-07

LINE1

LINE2

LINE3

LINE4

LINE1

LINE2

LINE3

LINE4

LINE1

LINE2

LINE3

LINE4

LINE1

LINE2

LINE3

LINE4

CNF/TRN

MSG

MUTE

CLEAR

CNF/TRN

MSG

MUTE

CLEAR

CNF/TRN

MSG

MUTE

CLEAR

CNF/TRN

MSG

MUTE

CLEAR

1 4
GHI

2
ABC

3
DEF

1 4
GHI

2
ABC

3
DEF

1 4
GHI

2
ABC

3
DEF

1 4
GHI

2
ABC

3
DEF

5
JKL

6
MNO

5
JKL

6
MNO

5
JKL

6
MNO

5
JKL

6
MNO

7
PQRS

8
TUV

9
WXYZ

7
PQRS

8
TUV

9
WXYZ

7
PQRS

8
TUV

9
WXYZ

7
PQRS

8
TUV

9
WXYZ

*
HOLD

0
OPER

#
SEND

*
HOLD

0
OPER

#
SEND

*
HOLD

0
OPER

#
SEND

*
HOLD

0
OPER

#
SEND

SPEAKER

SPEAKER

SPEAKER

SPEAKER

3000 703 330 3305

2:45 PM

Private Branch Exchange (PBX) Integrated Services Digital Network

2005-06-07

LINE1

LINE2

LINE3

LINE4

CNF/TRN

MSG

MUTE

CLEAR

1 4
GHI

2
ABC

3
DEF

5
JKL

6
MNO

7
PQRS

8
TUV

9
WXYZ

*
HOLD

0
OPER

#
SEND

SPEAKER

POWER

SIGNAL

Network Interface Device

Central Office 330 IOT

IOT

CO 266 815 IOT Foreign Exchange 703 IOT IOT

CO 874

CO 225

4129
POWER SIGNAL

NID

CO 365

IOT

FEX 202

CO 619

8134
POWER SIGNAL

NID

InterOffice Trunk

1828 Analog Local Loop

FEX 802

IOT

National Exchange 757

IOT

International Exchange +11

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 27

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 28

Notes: We will go much deeper into the architecture of cellular networks later in this course!

Notes:

Mobile (GSM) Infrastructure

Internet and Wireless Data Services

tux@linux#

Wireless Router Internet

tux@linux#

Wired Network (e.g. Ethernet) Cellular Base Station

tux@linux#

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 29

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 30

Notes: GSM is a widespread digital (2G) cellular mobile network system. We use it as a model here because it is the ancestor of the most widely deployed 3G and 4G system (UMTS and LTE respectively - both of which are used in Australia).

Notes:

Internet via Wireless

Traditional data network: routers, point-to-point connections, and computers. Wireless network: mobile devices, access points, mobility-aware routers, and point-to-point connections.

Overview of Hybrid Fibre Coaxial

Coaxial Cable Distribution Network

PSTN
Customer Customer Customer

Other HeadEnd Cable TV HeadEnd

Live Studio Feeds Multiplexer

11 00 00 11 00 11

000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 111111111111 000000000000 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111 000000000000 111111111111
Sun

Optical Fibre Ring

Video Content Server Advertising Server Program Guides etc.

Sun

Sun

Internet

Other HeadEnd
Customer Customer Customer

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 31

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 32

Notes:

Notes:

Cable TV Infrastructure
Cable TV distribution networks started in 1968 in the USA (residential penetration about 60%) Components: a regional hub, a distribution cable bus, and a ber ring connecting the hubs together. All channels at the hubs are distributed through the cable hub in a residential areas, and each home taps the channels off the bus. The cable supports about 100 TV channels (6MHz each).

Modulation
Amplitude Modulation Amplitude Shift Keying Frequency Modulation Frequency Shift Keying Phase Modulation Phase Shift Keying Binary Phase Shift Keying Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 33

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 34

Notes:

Notes:

Multiplexing
Space division Multiplexing Time Division Multiplexing Frequency Division Multiplexing Code Division Multiplexing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Mobile Devices
Handheld Mobile Phones PDAs Smartcards Smart Sensors

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 35

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 36

Notes:

Notes:

Mobile Computing Architecture

Programming Languages Operating Systems Middleware for Mobile Systems Mobile Computing Architectural Layers Protocols Layers

Mobile System Networks

Cellular Networks Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs): 802.11 Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) Wireless Personal Area Networks (PANs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs)

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 37

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 38

Notes:

Notes:

Mobile Computing Architecture

Client Application
Communication APIs: SMS, Bluetooth, Internet

Next Week
Communications Fundamentals

GUI API

Phone APIs

Middleware Database, Application Servers

Operating System Device Hardware: display, keypad, RAM, processors, etc. Radio interface, gateway, network interface

Network

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 39

32118 Mobile Communications and Computing Lecture 1 p. 40

Notes:

Notes:

References
[1] Jochen Schiller. Mobile Communications. Addison Wesley, 2nd edition, 2002.