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THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES CAVE HILL CAMPUS FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES COURSE OUTLINE, SEMESTER I, 2013-2014

SOC 1 3036 CRIMINOLOGY 11: POLICE & SOCIETY Medical Science Seminar Room #9 Lecturer: Mrs. Cheryl Willoughby, MSc. Criminology & Criminal Justice, MBA, Bsc. (Hons.) PREREQUISITE: None COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course provides a foundation for understanding the historical development of Policing in the Caribbean. The course also seeks to examine the changing nature of crime and policing in the Caribbean and the policy response to these changes. This course will also provide students with a basic understanding of the role and function of police officers as well as police power of arrest under the law. The course will also critically examine two criminal justice institutions namely: law enforcement and corrections with the objective of determining their effectiveness in response to crime. The course will be delivered in a seminar format and may include guest lecturers involved in policing. The use of readings, lectures, videos, case studies, and practice exercises will contribute to a variety of learning experiences. COURSE OBJECTIVES: Upon completion of the course, students will be able: 1. To explain theories related to crime and policing 2. To discuss the historical development of policing in the Caribbean. 3. To identify and discuss the relevance and effectiveness of contemporary policing strategies. 4. To explain the role and practices of police in Caribbean society. 5. To explain the legal framework that provides police officers with their powers. 6. To understand police discretion under the law. 7. To understand the concept of crime prevention. 1

8. To understand the role of corrections and the barriers to ex-prisoner reintegration into society COURSE CONTENT 1. Law Enforcement/Policing The police in any society are the gatekeepers of the criminal justice process. They initiate contact with violators and decide whether to formally arrest them and start their journey through the criminal justice system. Reference is made to the role of the police in modern democratic society, the problems associated with performance of that role, and the ways in which citizens expect the police to perform a wide range of functions. Crime prevention Law enforcement Order maintenance Community Services Customer Service.

There will be a critique of the use of power with respect to: Surveillance and the use of technology Arrest Search Detention Application of lethal Force

2. Examination of the Possible Causes of Abuse of Power and Police Corruption from a Cross-National Perspective At the end of the unit, students are expected to have the ability to state the roles of the police and to explain the challenges associated with such; identify theories relevant to policing and to differentiate between police brutality and good policing. Finally, students will participate in discussion about policing in the Caribbean and at the International level. 3. New Direction: Peacemaking, Restorative Justice and Service Oriented Policing. There will be discussion on how society views crime and punishment. Topics will explore the service oriented approach to policing across the Caribbean. Restorative Justice Policy will be examined and will take into considerations issues of peacemaking alternatives, human rights approaches and democratic policing methods.

TEACHING FORMAT: This Course will be taught in a seminar format and will include in-class participation by students. Selected texts and readings, lectures, case studies, and practice exercises will be used in the delivering of this course. COURSE ASSESSMENT Final Exam Course Work Tutorial participation REQUIRED TEXTS: Dempsey, J (1999) An Introduction to Policing. Wadsworth. Cain, M (1973) Society and the Policemans Role. London; Routledge Harriott, A. (2000) Police and Crime Control in Jamaica. University of the West Indies Press. Maguire, M., Morgan R. and Reiner R. (2007) The Oxford Handbook on Criminology Oxford University Press. 70% 20% 10%

RECOMMENDED READINGS: Amstutz, L.S and Mullet, J.H (2005). The Little Book of Restorative Discipline for Schools. Bartol, C (2001) Police Psychology: A profession with a promising Future. In Roger and Geoffrey Alpert (Eds.) Critical issues in Policing. Waveland Press Inc. Chapter 5, p.66-81. Caribbean Human Development Report 2012. Human Development and the Shift to Better Citizen Security. www.jm.undp.org. Cooley, D (2005). Reimaging Policing in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. Deosaran, R. (2000) The dynamics of Community Policing: Theory, Practice and Evaluation: Quality Benchmarking and Performance. Centre for Criminology and Criminal Justice. Harriott A., Brathwaite, F & Wortley, S. (2004) Crime and Criminal in the Caribbean, Kingston: Arawak Publications. Lynch, M., Michalowski, R. & Groves, W. B (2000) A Radical Perspective on Policing in the radical criminology: Critical Perspectives on Crime, Power and Inequality. 3rd Ed., pp. 143-164. Martin, S. (2001) Women Officers on the Move. An Update on Women in Policing. In Roger Dunham and Geoffrey Alpert (Eds.) Critical issues in policing. Waveland Press Inc. Chapter 23, p. 401-422. The British Journal of Criminology (Online)

CLASS SCHEDULE* Week 1, Sept. 5 *Subject to Change Historical Development of Policing *Read Dempsey & Forst Chapter 1 Oxford Handbook on Criminology Chapter 27 Crime Trends in the Caribbean Post Independence *Read UNDP Caribbean Human Development Report 2012 Oxford Handbook of Criminology Chapter 1 Siegel, Chapter 2 Violence in Our Society: From Prevention to Treatment National Task Force on Crime Prevention (2011) (Folder in Library) Week 3, Sept. 19 New Policing Strategies in the Caribbean *Read Dempsey & Frost Chapters 11 &12 Oxford Handbook on Criminology Chapters 26&27 Tim Newburn, The New Police and the Emergence of Policing Policy Crime Prevention and Community Safety (Photocopies in Folder) Trevor Jones & Tim Newburn, The Transformation of Policing? Understanding Current Trends in Policing Systems. British Journal of Criminology Vol. 42 No. 1 (2002) Week 4, Sept. 26 Ethics and Policing *Read Dempsey & Forst Chapter 8 Week 5, Oct 3 Police Powers and the Law *Read Dempsey & Forst Chapter 13 Royal Barbados Police Act Chapter 167 (Photocopy in Folder) Saunders & Young Chapter 2 (Photocopy in Folder) Week 6, Oct. 10 Police Discretion *Read: Larry Siegel, Critical Criminology Dempsey & Frost Chapter 5 5

Week 2, Sept. 12

Week 7, Oct. 17

Saunders & Young Chapter 3 (Photocopy in Folder) Police Culture or Sub-Culture *Read Dempsey & Forst Chapter 6

Week 8, Oct. 24

Police Patrol and Investigations *Read Dempsey & Forst Chapter 9 & 10

Week 9, Oct. 31

Punishment and Corrections *Read The Oxford Handbook of Criminology Chapters 29, 30 & 31 Incarceration and Recidivism *Read Prison Size, Overcrowding, Prison Violence and Recidivism, David Farrington & Christopher Nuttall, Journal of Criminal Justice (1980) Vol.8 pp. 221-231 ( Folder in Library) Violence in Barbados Prisons, Past, Present and Future (2007) David Cooke and Ed Wozniak. (Folder in Library) Recidivism in Barbados (2004): Follow-up of a Cohort of Inmates Released from Glendairy Prison in 1999. National Task Force on Crime Prevention (Folder in Library) Recidivism and Re-Entry of Prisoners in Barbados: The Challenges and Solutions (2010) National Task Force on Crime Prevention (Folder in Library)

Week 10, Nov. 7

Week 11, Nov. 14

Restorative Justice Policy *Read The Oxford Handbook of Criminology Chapter15 Reparation and Retribution: Are they Reconcilable (1994) Lucia Zedner (Folder in Library) Restorative Justice and Gendered Violence; Diversion or Effective Justice? Barbara Hudson. The British Journal of Criminology Vol. 42 No 3 pp 616-634.

Week 12, Nov. 21

The Privatization of Policing *Read Power and Accountability of Private Police (2000 Philip C. Stenning, European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research (Folder in Library).

Private Security: Implications for Social Control, Clifford D. Shearing & Philip C. Stenning (1983) Social Problem, Vol. 30, No. 5. (Folder in Library) The Blurring of Public Police and Private Agencies, Edward Carroll (2003) (Folder in Library) The legal Powers of private Security Personnel: Some Policy Considerations and Legislative Options, Rick Sarre (Folder in Library) Week 13, Nov. 28 Course Review Course Work Paper Due November 21st 2013 No later than 4.30 pm

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