Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Carsten Snejbjerg
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winningwind
A newspaper from the Danish Wind Industry Association
Wind energy is the most competitive form of renewable energy, and will play an essential role in almost any future scenario as Europe seeks to achieve its aim of a CO2-free energy sector, says European Commissioner for Climate Action Connie Hedegaard
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Jens Dresling
Editorial
EWEA 2012 in the home of the wind industry
More than 30 years have passed since the first wind turbines began supplying electricity to Danish consumers. Since then, both the industry and the turbines have grown, and Denmark can be proud of its leading international position in wind energy. An unrivalled 28 percent of Denmarks electricity is now generated by wind turbines. The Danish model is now being studied by countries which are increasing their focus on wind energy, while at the same time Denmark, with a new energy policy, is striving to achieve a greater goal 50 percent coverage of its electricity needs from wind energy by 2020. To reach such an ambitious target, it is important that all players in the industry join forces to develop the technology of the future. In this context it is gratifying to see unprecedentedly high numbers of both Danish and international attendees at EWEA 2012 in Copenhagen. I am gratified to see Europes largest wind energy event is once again being held in the home of the modern wind industry. It is symbolic that with Denmark hosting the conference, we expect to see the biggest ever participation from Danish companies. It helps to underscore that as a technology, wind energy is now on a par with other forms of energy, and represents an important part of future energy systems. Report after report from experts confirm this. And the political attention that wind energy is receiving serves to cement its importance. This years EWEA will be opened by Denmarks Prime Minster Helle Thorning-Schmidt and HRH Crown Prince Frederik, in the company of the European Energy Commissioner Gnther Oettinger. A number of other Danish and international politicians will also be in attendance at the conference.
Danmark 10,6 pct. Tyskland 6,3 pct. EU totalt Sverige 4,5 pct. 0,5 pct. Finland 0 5 10 15 20
28,0 pct.
25
on tomorrows en
What energy goals has the government set for 2020 and how will they be achieved? The new energy policy has received broad political support to enable a very ambitious transition to a green future, and sets out the path to achieving the 2020 goals: 1) Half of Denmarks electricity will be generated by wind energy 2) CO2 emissions will be reduced by 34 percent in relation to 1990 3) Energy consumption will be reduced by 12 percent in relation to 2006 4) Renewable energy will account for over 35 percent of energy consumption These goals will be reached by improvements in energy utilisation in businesses and private households. Wind energy will be expanded, coal will be replaced by biomass at centralised power stations, and biogas will replace natural gas at decentralised power stations. The energy policy also includes the development of other forms of renewable energy such as solar and wave energy, together with prospective further utilisation of the natural gas network. These initiatives will put Denmark on course to achieving the governments aim of transitioning the entire energy system to 100 percent renewable energy by 2050. What role does wind energy have in the governments vision of a country operating on 100 percent renewable energy by 2050? Wind is Denmarks best energy resource because we have excellent wind conditions, especially offshore. So wind energy naturally plays a key role in our energy policy, which includes a substantial expansion of wind energy. By 2020, 50 percent of Denmarks electricity will be generated by wind, compared with more than 25 percent today. What do you see as the greatest challenge in integrating wind energy into the energy system? All new systems are inevitably accompanied by new challenges, and this will obviously be the case when making wind energy such a large part of Denmarks future energy system. Wind is a fluctuating resource, so at times the wind farms will generate surplus power, and at other times not enough. Thats why we need a flexible and intelligent electricity grid a smart grid
Denmark currently holds the presidency of the Council of the European Union, and so I am responsible for energy negotiations in the EU; at present, work is focused on the Energy Efficiency
Jan Hylleberg
CEO Danish Wind Industry Association
s
en
Jac o b N ie l
which allows the shifting of electricity consumption to times when the wind is blowing more. Work has long been under way on making new systems that integrate wind energy into the grid, and
Please address enquiries to Communications Manager Peter Alexandersen Tel: (+45) 22 25 90 72 Email: pal@windpower.org www.windpower.org
About the Danish Wind Industry Association The Danish Wind Industry Association has more than 240 members nationally. The organisation comprises wind turbine manufacturers, energy companies and a broad range of firms supplying components, service and consultancy in the wind energy area.
Contents
ergy system
Carsten Snejbjerg
Lidegaard
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n Stronger together
The Danish wind industry is working in close collaboration to keep its leading position in offshore wind.
Industry Collaboration
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n A position of influence
Being listened to and having influence is one of the advantages that a Venezuelan-born consultant sees in working in Denmarks wind industry.
Industry Collaboration
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Climate Action Commissioner Connie Hedegaard provides insight into plans for a greener Europe where wind energy plays a big role.
Profile
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this has put us in a leading position to demonstrate that money can be earned at the same time as protecting the Earths climate and environment.
Marianne Sommer
Over 20 years of experience with offshore wind farms plays to Denmarks advantage in bringing down the cost of energy.
Development
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n A degree of opportunity
It was the chance to take the worlds first MSc course in wind power systems that brought Adelina Agap to Denmark from Romania
Development
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Produced by: Tabloid Nordic Project Manager: Esben Gadsbll Editor: Marianne Sommer Journalist: Maren Urban Swart Art Director: Carl Johan Alphonce Repro: Bildrepro Print: Dansk AvisTryk A/S Information om annoncetillg fs hos Esben Gadsbll, (+45) 44 94 94 94
n Co-financing PhDs
Aalborg University collaborates with the wind industry on co-financing numerous PhD posts, and expects to extend the idea.
Development
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Btten takes ac
Wind turbine researchers from Aalborg University are heading Europes biggest group of researchers in offshore foundations and are currently taking part in the worlds largest offshore wind project so far.
The School of Engineering and Science has for 10 years been developing a new foundation, the so-called Btten (the Bucket), which is kind to nature and budgets and which was recently selected among 104 solutions for an offshore wind project on Dogger Bank. Professor and Director of Research Lars Bo Ibsen says: The Bucket is sucked silently into the seabed by the natural vacuum. By filling the foundation with water, we can achieve the opposite effect and pull the Bucket up again when the turbine has been worn out. The main part of a monopile remains in the seabed - a loss of many tonnes of steel. The Bucket is kind to fish and other animals and can be used at greater water depths than can traditional foundations; its also a lot cheaper to install partly because the intermediate piece doesnt have to be attached to the foundation on the seabed. We also have precise documentation proving that the Bucket will remain in a plane parallel to the plane of the horizon by an accuracy approaching 0.25 degrees even after many years at sea. Universal Foundation, that manufactures the Bucket, has just won the competition Carbon Trust, organised by the British Government. The aim is to develop offshore wind farms that do not incur greater expenses than do coal-fired power plants. One of these will have 1,800 turbines with a total effect of 9 GW and will be the largest offshore wind farm in the world. This is also where the Bucket will be tested. n
In August, Universal Foundation will install the two first foundations at a new wind farm at Dogger Bank. And Professor Lars Bo Ibsen expects to help develop prototypes of the Bucket for turbines with an effect of more than 5 MW.
Professor John Dalsgaard Srensen, Aalborg University, is a coordinator of WEST, which is a group of wind energy researchers from the universitys engineering programmes. This group attracts students and PhD students from all over the world.
Economy, strength, stiffness and weight are some of the critical parameters that Professor Erik Lund and his colleagues have to take into consideration when they experiment with composite materials and their use for wind turbine blades.
www.aau.dk
ccount of nature
Jeppe Mllenbach Mortensen (right) and Mads Grundahl are preparing their final project on the engineering programme at Aalborg University in collaboration with Siemens. They expect this collaboration will be an advantage to them when they will soon be looking for jobs.
Research into wind energy is done at the following departments at Aalborg University: Department of Development and Planning Department of Energy Technology Department of Electronic Systems - Section for Automation & Control Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Department of Civil Engineering
RESEARCH
Michael Knudsen
In a few years time, it is expected that 50 percent of Bornholms electricity supply will be generated from renewable energy resources.
The village of sterild in northern Denmark is home to a rather unusual object a giant pepper mill. But it will soon be home to something even larger. In spring 2012, the largest wind turbine test centre yet built will be taken into use and operated by the Wind Energy Division of Denmarks National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, Ris DTU (Technical University of Denmark). We want to help create fertile conditions for wind energy research, testing and education in Denmark. So we need sites where manufacturers can test their wind turbines. By offering the best technological environment and test facilities we can retain Danish companies and make it attractive for foreign companies to establish a presence in Denmark, says Peter Hauge Madsen, who heads Ris DTU Wind Energy Division.
Testing needs space
Ris DTU owns and operates three of the spaces at sterild test centre, while Siemens Wind Power and Vestas Wind Systems own the other four. The Ministry of the Environment selected the area, whose wind conditions are appropriate for testing wind turbines. For companies to develop wind turbine technology, they need to test them thoroughly before launching them onto the market. The wind turbines that will be tested at sterild can be up to 250 metres (820 feet) high definitely not things you can test in your back garden, says Peter Hauge Madsen. But it is not only wind turbine manufacturers that will benefit from sterild. Much of what will be done at sterild is the testing of manufacturers prototypes. But we also plan to use the facility for research into atmospheric conditions, wind speed measurement in extreme weather conditions and the measurement of effects on the electricity grid. In addition, there will be collaboration with companies on research and development where installed prototypes can be included, says Madsen.
Good facilities
If research is to have value, it must be relevant and deal with issues that can quickly lead to innovation, products and new earnings. It is interest-
One of the companies that has taken a space at sterild is the Chinese company Envision Energy, which established a Danish development division in 2010. Their 3.6 MW offshore wind turbine is under construction and will be installed on the quay at Thyborn on the
west coast of Denmark in summer 2012. Envision Energys next wind turbine will have a larger capacity and will be installed and tested at sterild. It will be larger than a 5 MW wind turbine and around 175 metres high, so it needs to be installed where there are good facilities and enough space. At sterild there is sufficient space to test new technology, and at the same time it is attractive to be close to Ris DTU, which has many years of experience in this field. We see it as a competitive advantage to be challenged by global players like Siemens and Vestas, which also test their technology in the Danish Wind Power Hub, says the Director of Envision Energy, Anders Rebsdorf.
advantage
Bjarke rsted
At GEO we mainly employ permanent staff most of them have been with us for years and are very loyal to the company. We believe that permanent staff members are much more committed to their job than contract workers. And when theyre not at sea doing surveys, they maintain and further develop our equipment, says Jens Brink Clausen, who is Department Director of Marine Survey at GEO.
ing to conduct research on sites like sterild, says Head of Division, Peter Hauge Madsen, Ris DTU Wind Energy Division.
He emphasises that it is better to verify the design in Denmark than for example in China, where the facilities are not the same. Rebsdorf also mentions the advantage of the synergy of collaboration with Ris DTU. We pay Ris DTU for the calculations at sterild, and they also collect a mass of measurements which can show whether the calculations made during the design phase were correct. Envision Energy has a space reserved at sterild for 8 years and will probably test the installed wind turbine for 34 years, and subsequently replace some of the components with upgraded versions for testing. Maren Urban Swart
Manufacturers constantly monitor and adjust the prototypes. Wind turbine blades 100 metres in length are occasionally replaced to test new ones, so each wind turbine requires an operational area of 200x200 metres.
Ready for the future When performing surveys of the seabed, GEOs staff members often spend several months at sea, working round the clock. Often the client is there as well, monitoring the surveys, which allows us to make adjustments to the number of tests or the way they are conducted during the process. Jens Brink Clausen explains: At the moment were operating in the German Bight, and weve just made an agreement with a Danish ship owner wholl provide a ship that we can then place our drilling equipment on. He adds: Until now weve used jack-up platforms to carry out our surveys. But many of the future wind turbines are planned to be erected so far from the shore that surveys have to be performed from a drillship. Thats why we also need to have ships at our disposal, to remain competitive and stay one of the leaders in our field. n
www.geo.dk
Networks and a good life In its capacity as a public authority, the region makes a sincere effort to make sure international professionals are well taken care of. One initiative is the establishment of networks that make life easier for the global staff in the wind industry. Bent Hansen explains: Specialists from abroad may bring their families with them to Denmark, so its important that we, as a public authority, make sure theyre received well. This involves many things such as establishing networks for wives or husbands as well as ensuring international schools are available for children.
From wind turthey have an interest in being a part of the Danish wind energy cluster, says Bent Hansen, bine to consumer chairman of Central Denmark Regional Council. Denmark is unique in the field of integration of wind energy into the power grid. Bent Hansen observes: Did you know that: Nowhere else in the world does similar experience and expertise 50 percent of Central Denmark Regions energy consumption is to come from exist of integrating wind energy into sustainable energy by 2025. Today, this figure is already as high as 24 percent. the power grid and of exploiting wind Two thirds of total Danish turnover and export within the energy and environenergy in the very optimum fashion mental field is generated in Central Denmark Region. that were capable of in Denmark. 15,000 out of 25,000 people employed in the Danish wind energy industry And this knowledge is very interestare to be found in Central Denmark Region. ing to many of the countries that have only recently begun to develop wind energy. This is why Central Denmark Region is the Silicon Valley of the wind industry New knowledge centre Surveys indicate that a close relationNowhere else in the world can all the competences be found that are required to develop and build a wind turbine within such a limited geographical area. ship between manufacturing and de Central Denmark Region offers tailor-made courses and competence developvelopment is critical and, by the help of ment programmes in the field of wind energy, which means the industry has a new centre at Aarhus University, the access to professionals with the right competences. region supports development within Strong collaboration takes place between the wind energy industry and educathe field of wind energy. Furthermore, tional establishments and research institutions. tailor-made courses and competence The region offers access to good test facilities for testing wind turbines and development programmes for employcomponents. ees in the wind energy industry ensure This is the very centre of Denmarks prolonged and profound experience of the industrys professionals possess wind energy industry and integration of wind energy into the power grid. the right competences. n
25 percent of the wind companies in Denmark are already owned by foreign companies because
www.regionmidtjylland.dk
www.dongenergy.com
DONG Energy is one of the leading energy groups in Northern Europe. We are headquartered in Denmark. Our business is based on procuring, producing, distributing and trading in energy and related products in Northern Europe. We have approximately 6,000 employees and generated DKK 57 billion (EUR 7.6 billion) in revenue in 2011. For further information, see www.dongenergy.com.
ENERGY UTILISATION
Tomorrows ener
In parallel with the increasing proportion of wind energy, Energinet.dk has developed methods of creating interplay across the entire grid and optimising the utilisation of sustainable energy.
Its one thing to install a wind turbine at sea and connect it to the electricity grid, but quite another to integrate wind energy into the energy system and utilise its economic potential. This is an area where Denmark has considerable expertise. Last year in Denmark, wind energy accounted for an average 28 percent of electricity consumption, which is higher than that of any other country. There are several reasons why we have managed to accommodate the energy into our system, explains Vice President, International Relations, Energinet.dk Peter Jrgensen of Energinet.dk, an independent state-owned company which owns the electricity grid in Denmark, as well as the gas supply network. He mentions that the strong cross-border connections to Norway, Sweden and Germany allow the exchange of large amounts of electricity, both when there is plenty of wind-generated production and thus surplus power in the grid, and when the opposite is the case. Denmark also has a unique, flexible production system which can be quickly regulated up or down depending on how much power the wind turbines are producing. In relation to power stations seen in other countries, ours are highly flexible. They can be set right down and then quickly brought up again to keep the energy system in continuous balance. This has been developed in parallel with larger amounts of wind energy coming into the system, says the Vice President.
Proactive rather than reactive
Jrgensen sees the Danish way of operating the energy system as a key reason for the country be-
ing a pioneer in integrating wind energy into the electricity grid. Energinet.dk operates the entire electricity grid in Denmark and develops new tools as the proportion of wind energy increases. These tools enable forward planning on the basis of wind forecasts, he says. Briefly stated, we have taught ourselves to think proactively rather than reactively. Many other countries adopt a reactive approach, and take last minute decisions to adjust the frequency up or down. This is not a good way to do things from an economic perspective. The more closely we can gear production to consumption in the future, the better we can organise our purchasing and planning, and choose the most cost-effective power stations. But continued development of the entire energy system is still needed as the proportion of wind energy increases by 2020 the target is 50 percent. According to Jrgensen, three things are necessary to make it happen. The first is a strong international transmission grid to enable energy balancing over a large area. The second is continued improvement of flexibility on both the production and consumption side. The third is the development of a smart grid that can automatically regulate production and consumption so that all the interconnected elements in the energy system operate optimally together. The government, companies in the industry and Energinet.dk are working hard to meet these challenges. Energinet.dk is also exporting its expertise through a consultancy division and a number of collaboration partners. Strong interest is being
Transport
Energy grid Data trafc network Combined heat and power station
registered both in Europe and internationally in the best and cheapest way of generating green electricmarianne sommer ity with wind turbines.
The Chinese work hard the Danes work smart. That is how Chinese engineer Stephen Zhu describes the difference in approach to wind turbine technology in the two countries. He works for wind turbine manufacturer Envision Energy, which was
founded in China four years ago. Two years ago, the company ventured into Denmark, attracted by the nations competences in wind energy, and established an innovation centre in Silkeborg. As a senior engineer in functional design with a PhD in automation, Stephen Zhus main task it to optimise knowledge sharing between China and Denmark. In China we have to work hard to find solutions, at the risk of moving in the wrong direction. Here in Denmark, you have extensive knowledge and experience in wind energy, so you work smarter. I would like our Chinese engineers to catch up with their Danish counterparts, says Stephen Zhu.
The time difference means that he is often in contact with his Chinese colleagues during the night and then continues with his Danish colleagues when they come to work in the morning. But despite the long hours this involves, he values his key position in knowledge sharing. Before my appointment in Envision, I worked for an international wind company in China. But being in a large organisation reduces the influence you can have in your job. I have greater influence here, which is one of the benefits of a career in a smaller company, concludes the 37 year old engineer.
marianne sommer
gy system
Carl Johan Alphonce
DENMARK
THE WIND POWER HUB
Smart workplaces
MINDBLOWING
Mindblowing Denmark welcomes the global wind industry to Copen energy conference, eWea 2012. Mindblowing Denmark offers you explore the unique Danish Wind Power Hub.
Intelligent hubs
Smart houses
Energinet.dk is an active player in the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENT SO-E), whose aim is to promote the European electricity market. Read more at www.entsoe.eu
Mindblowing
Bo amstrup
Two years ago, Stephen Zhu moved from China to Denmark to work for the wind turbine manufacturer Envision Energy.
We communicate your
tabloidnordic.dk
AH Industries:
Handles the impossible tasks AH Industries has a global purchasing and logistics network and, by being present in other industries, the company can also deliver partly mounted modules and systems to customers. Steffen B. Jespersen gives a big smile and says: We handle everything thats large, unwieldy and cumbersome and is to be delivered to inaccessible locations in the world. He stresses that AH Industries focuses on valuecreating sparring with customers all the way through and adds: We ask value-optimising questions about technology used by customers, and were involved in developing wind turbines together with some of the large players in the wind turbine industry such as Siemens and Vestas. Steffen B. Jespersen goes on to say that AH Industries believes there are great opportunities for growth if the company brings this expertise and other types of expertise with it into the Asian market. Lifting assignments offshore AH Industries is also a strong partner in lifting assignments to do with mounting and installation of wind turbines offshore. The company offers lifting
Steffen B. Jespersen, CEO of AH Industries, states: Were a part of the entire value chain from sparring about development of products through to establishing whats the best way in which to deliver them to customers. We focus very strongly on cost-optimising wind turbines in order to reduce manufacturers energy costs as much as possible. In this way the CEO accentuates the companys slogan: Improving solutions together.
equipment, control of lifting equipment and site management on ships and in harbours. Furthermore, AH Industries has invented equipment that surpasses other equipment in terms of its ability to lift
things in strong winds. This means the companys installation vessels are able to carry out work at sea for several more weeks than has hitherto been the case, which is of great value to customers. n
www.ah-industries.com
vind&vkst 13
Stronger togethe
The Danish wind industry collaborates extensively to optimise offshore wind turbines, in order to maintain its leadership advantage in the area.
(/MWh)
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INDUSTRY COLLABORATION
Denmark is currently the international leader in offshore wind energy, but to protect that advantage the industry must constantly improve. Since 2006 the industry partnership Megavind has formulated strategies for research, test( /M ing and demonstration of wind W h) energy involving both research 12 0 organisations and commercial players. In 2010 Megavind published an offshore strategy, whose aim is to make offshore wind competitive with fossil fuel-based electricity production by 2020. We have to be united in order 100 to ensure that the Danish wind industry keeps its leading position, because there is plenty going on in the countries around us, says Megavind chairman Per Hessellund Lauritsen, who is also Research 80 Manager at Siemens Wind Power.
Collaborative supply chain
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Carl Johan Alphonce
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While many other forms of energy are increasing in price, offshore wind energy is getting cheaper. Megavinds prediction for the cost of offshore wind energy shows an additional drop.
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It is estimated that by 2020 the combined installed capacity of wind farm projects in the EU will be 40 GW (gigawatts), the locations being primarily the Baltic Sea, the North Sea and British coastal waters. They are attractive projects which will attract many bidders. So we need to improve our competitiveness, and we can best do that by bringing down the price of electricity generated by offshore wind turbines. The aim is to half the price by 2020 through collaboration on optimising the turbines,
Denmark, the UK or Germany. These were the only possible destinations for Diana Marcela Llanos Caicedo, once she had taken her masters degree in renewable energy and was ready to put her skills to commercial use. Her husband, who is also from Venezuela and specialises in wind energy, thought the same.
These are the countries that are most advanced in this area, and we chose Denmark, where my husband got a job at Vestas. I was later employed as a consultant in supply chain management in kkelectronic, which is a sub-supplier in the industry, says the 29 year old. One of the advantages of working in Denmark, she says, is the fact that the country has a lot of wind energy experience and knowledge concentrated in a small geographical area, while at the same time having an international working environment. She also likes the management style. The management is open and relaxed, and when
I speak to them, I feel as if we are on the same level. It means that I feel comfortable, and that the ideas I present are taken seriously. One month after I started in my job, some of my proposals had already been implemented, says Diana Marcels Llanos Caicedo. How long she and her husband plan to stay in the country is an open question. We are both happy about being in Denmark, and plan to stay here another five years. Perhaps more. It is a good place to establish a family because the living standards are high, she says.
marianne sommer
her
the installation of the wind farm, and everything else besides, says Lauritsen. One of the most important locations in Denmark where many players in the supply chain can collaborate on testing and developing wind turbines is western Jutland, where there is already one facility for testing large wind turbines at Hvsre, and soon the worlds largest test centre for wind turbines will open at sterild in the north-west part of Jutland. It is important for us to test and validate our technological development, and so together with several sub-suppliers we have set up a wind turbine at Hvsre to test our ideas, both within the supply chain and with our customers, says Frank Virenfeldt Nielsen, Chief Technology Officer of LM Wind Power, which has made a third of all the wind turbine blades currently in operation worldwide. Nielsen adds that there is yet another dimension to integrated product development: During the last ten years we have become skilful at testing aerodynamics and mechanics at the same time. So instead of us finding out ourselves how to optimise the blades, we have the opportunity to optimise the blades in an integrated design process involving both our sub-suppliers and customers. We can test what it costs for the additional construction and how it affects the lifetime of the wind turbine when we make changes to the blades. The result is more energy per unit of money invested and a more reliable wind turbine, says Nielsen. Back at Siemens Wind Power, the chairman of Megavind has a positive outlook on the continuing collaboration. It is always good to sit down with people who you normally wouldnt get together with. We are at the same time competitors, collaboration partners and colleagues. But we have set ourselves the task of defining our common interests, and that is our focus, he says.
Marianne Sommer
Megavind
Megavind focuses on the challenges the wind industry faces in the offshore area in making the cost of energy cheaper and thus even more competitive with other energy technologies.
DENMARK
THE WIND POWER HUB
MINDBLOWING
The steering committee has representatives from: Aalborg University COWI A/S DONG Energy DTU Wind Energy Fritz Schur Energy A/S Mindblowing Denmark welcomes the global wind industry to Copen Siemens Wind Power A/S conference, eWea 2012. Mindblowing Denmark offers you energy Vestas Wind explore Systems A/S the unique Danish Wind Power Hub. Danish Energy Agency (observer) You can read more about the many events at www.MindblowingDe Energinet.dk (observer) In order to show off the unique competences in the Danish wind industry Mindblowing Denmark offers a number of events directed towards both foreign and Danish companies as well as the general public, students, journalists and politicians. Mindblowing Denmark is a joint outreach programme managed by the Danish Wind industry Association. You can read more about the many events at www.MindblowingDenmark.dk
Bo amstrup
Diana Marcela Llanos Caicedo admires the Danish management style, which she views as open and relaxed.
STATISTICS
Offshore and onshore wind energy currently supplies just over five percent of Europes electricity, but that figure will greatly increase in the future. Wind energy will generate around 15 percent of Europes electricity by 2020, rising to around 50 percent by 2050. The reason why wind energy has gained such significance in Europes ambitions to become independent of fossil fuels has much to do with the industrys ability to innovate. In just a few decades, the industry has succeeded in creating a reliable energy technology. But in order to achieve the required growth, it will be necessary to continue along the same innovative path. How to achieve this will be the principal theme when the industry gathers at a European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) conference to be held in Copenhagen 16-19 April 2012. EWEAs objectives are political, commercial, technological and scientific. It is important that the whole industry gets together, including manufacturers, sub-suppliers and finance companies, says the CEO of EWEA, Christian Kjr, on the phone from his office in Brussels.
China keeps the industry on its toes
and the aim is to double that figure by 2020, says Kjr. At the end of 2010, Europe accounted for 84 of the 197 gigawatts of wind energy installed worldwide. Looking beyond Europes borders, China is making significant advances in wind energy, and this has been noted by the whole sector. Chinas problem is that it lacks electricity, and its wind industry is growing by 100 percent every year. Chinese manufacturers are producing for the Chinese market, but they will emerge onto the world market. It will create healthy competition which will make us all stronger, says the EWEA chief, who compares the situation with Japans auto manufacturers decades ago. Back in the 1980s, we thought Japan would take over the automobile market. It didnt happen it is still in Europe where the best cars are made. So rather than seeing wind turbine manufacturers in other countries as competitors, we should concentrate more on beating the real competition by replacing coal, gas and nuclear power with wind energy, he thinks. This is a challenge that wind turbine manufacturers, sub-suppliers, governments, investors, developers and many others are ready to take up. Sharing knowledge is part of it such as at the EWEA conference. Marianne Sommer
Worlds biggest wind industry organisation
EWEA is the industrys European spokesperson, taking on the task of promoting wind energy both in Europe and internationally. The office is located in Brussels, close to Europes decision makers. It is the largest wind energy organisation with a secretariat of 60 staff and over 700 members in 60 countries. Members include manufacturers, sub-suppliers, developers, finance companies, electricity companies and consultants. Read more about EWEA on ewea.org
100 %
80 %
60 %
Copenhagen is an obvious place to meet, since Denmark is a pioneering country in wind energy. The country has produced around 90 percent of the worlds offshore wind turbines and at the same time the country has one of the worlds most progressive energy policies. It has significance for the industry that Denmark is a leading nation. More than 25 percent of Denmarks electricity is generated by wind energy,
40 %
20 %
The wind energy industry currently employs 189,000 Europeans, directly or indirectly. If the 2030 objective of the European Wind Energy Association is realised, the number will rise to 479,000, says its CEO Christian Kjr.
0% 1970 1980
rs ahead in Europe
Ireland 1,4 GW, 2% The Netherlands 2,2 GW, 3% Sweden 2,2 GW, 3% Germany 27,2 GW, 32% Greece 1,2 GW, 1% Other 5,0 GW, 6% Denmark 3,8 GW, 4% Portugal 3,9 GW, 5% UK 5,2 GW, 6% France 5,7 GW, 7% Italy 5,8 GW, 7% Member state wind energy capacity (GW) and share (%) of total EU capacity at end 2010 (total 84,3 GW). Spain 20,7 GW, 24%
All renewable energy sources (%) Wind energy (%) Contribution of electricity from renewable energy sources and wind energy 1970-2010 and expected contribution 2011-2050 (% of consumption).
source: the Report Pure Power from EWEA 2011
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BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
In 2009 DONG Energy made a momentous decision to transform itself from a company that primarily delivers fossil fuel-based energy to one that supplies its customers with energy from renewable sources, with wind energy from offshore locations around Denmark playing a major role. Our energy production was 85 percent based on coal, while 15 percent came from renewable energy sources. In 2009 we set ourselves the objective of turning those figures around within 30 years. In practice it means that 85 percent of our Carsten energy will be produced from Krogsgaard wind and biomass, with the Thomsen remaining 15 percent coming from gas, says DONG Energy constituted CEO Carsten Krogsgaard Thomsen, who adds that the company is progressing well towards its aim and expects to be half way to its goal in eight years. Most of the renewable energy will come from wind farms in the North Sea, where the companys ten pioneering years of experience in installing offshore wind farms has made them market leaders. The CEO believes that offshore wind will continue to be a major business area in the future, and the company is constantly striving to improve its position on the market. We are making significant efficiency improvements to the entire process. Hitherto it took two years to set up an offshore wind farm; we want to halve that time in the next couple of years and are already well advanced towards achieving it, says Krogsgaard Thomsen.
Making wind energy competitive
To optimise the installation of wind turbines and bring down costs, DONG Energy has acquired two shipping companies, one of which is the specialist offshore wind turbine installation firm A2SEA. The company has also entered collaboration agreements with other industry players, and additionally benefits from being in geographical proximity to the Danish supply chain. The part of an offshore wind turbine visible above the waves represents only 40 percent of the costs. The other 60 percent is everything else, and there are many Danish companies who are leaders in supplying it. We collaborate with a broad underbrush of sub-suppliers to make it all happen, says Krogsgaard Thomsen. One key factor in ensuring the success of the new generation of North Sea wind farms is that the electricity is supplied to customers via an efficient European grid. Another is to reduce
DONG Energy
DONG Energy
DONG Energy is focusing on reducing the installation time for an offshore wind farm. The company is well on the way of halving the installation time.
the end user price of wind energy. As things stand today, it costs more to produce electricity from offshore wind than it does from coal. The long-term aim is to bring down the cost of offshore wind energy; within this decade we want to reduce costs by 40-50 percent, so that it will no longer be more costly to produce clean energy than energy from fossil fuels, concludes Krogsgaard Thomsen. How the costs comparisons will look is dependent on the price of fossil fuels. But all the indications are
that fossil fuel prices will rise, while it is certain that wind will remain eternally free. Marianne Sommer
In 2011 DONG Energy became a member of Friends of the Supergrid (FSOG), whose aim is to promote the realisation of a full-scale European transmission grid which can receive and distribute large amounts of wind energy from the North Sea and solar power from southern Europe and North Africa. Read more at www.friendsofthesupergrid.eu
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INDUSTRY COLLABORATION
Both of these sub-suppliers point out that the geographical proximity and the common cultural background provide fertile ground for openness throughout the supply chain, which results in excellent collaboration on supplying complete solutions instead of individual components. Companies also
Deif A/S
make use of the short distances to exchange experience in areas such as competence, quality control and logistics management, with lower transport costs and flexibility as spillover effects. Sometimes, when a manufacturer has phoned because it has run out of a component and has asked whether we can deliver earlier than agreed, I have looked at our stocks and have seen that two of the components which we were to deliver next week, were already there. I have then phoned the painter to ask whether he can paint them straight away so we can deliver before time. In that way, our customers avoid production halts, and this flexibility means that the manufacturer generally saves on storage costs, says Thomas Ballegaard. So although the world has become smaller because of good transport and communication, both directors think that the competitive advantages of short distances, without cultural and linguistic barriers, should not be underestimated. Marianne Sommer
Delta Envision Energy
Skive
Skovgaard Invest ApS
Randers Norddjurs
Holsterbro Syddjurs
Difko Invest A/S Krangrden
049 5099 100249 250499 500999 1000 + Number of employees in the wind industry in Central Denmark Region, 2010. Selected companies.
Aarhus
Ringkbing-Skjern Ikast-Brande
Skanderborg
Horsens
Agrowind ApS Best Energy A/S BTM Consult ApS GPV Group Hydra-Grene A/S JSB Plast K.P. Komponenter A/S Orbital A/S Vest-Fiber Vestas Nacelles A/S AB-Inventech A/S Alderslyst Elektro A/S Arepa Firenew A/S Hydratech Industries Wind Power Bachmann electronic GmbH Dansk Eksportforening Danish Wind Energy Group KK-Electronic A/S Niebuhr Gears A/S Siemens Wind Power A/S Wind Cluster Zero-Max A/S
Odder
MillWatcher
Hedensted
Deugro Danmark A/S Duwet (Danish University Wind Energy Training) Electricon A/S FT Technologies ApS Marsh Wind Power
According to a survey conducted by the think tank Monday Morning in 2010, 87 percent of Danish revenues in the wind energy industry are generated by companies
iveness
AH Industries
Denmark is unique in having so many years of experience in a relative young industry located in one geographical area, thinks vice president Thomas Ballegaard of AH Industries.
Envision Energy was founded in 2006 and has grown to become a global Clean Technology Solutions Provider. A competitive and respected Clean Technology Enterprise Envision is a global SMART enterprise, an enterprise with capabilities in utilizing the best technologies to create customer oriented products. Envisions core business is design & manufacturing of wind turbines. Moreover, Envision is a competent service provider of monitoring; Envision Smart Wind FarmTM, Smart Grid & Energy Storage Technology and Remote Diagnosis & Technical Services. A Fast-growing Global SMART Company Envision Energy Global Innovation Centre in Denmark has designed Envisions latest offshore platform; a Partial pitch, Two-Bladed Wind Turbine. Envision Energy North America Business Development Centre in Chicago has successfully completed the acquisition of the first overseas wind turbine project. Our Chinese-led R&D team has successfully designed the 1.5MW wind turbine with a 87 m rotor pioneering the wind farm development in the low wind regime. Our goal is to establish the most competitive and respected Clean Technology solution provider in the world.
Damatech Ecology Management ApS Prodan A/S Vestas Wind Systems A/S Vink A/S
Ambitious thinking
In 2004 when Siemens acquired Bonus Energy, the company had a staff of 850. Since then things have developed rapidly. Today Siemens Wind Power has over 8,000 employees worldwide, and this has helped the company achieve a leading international position in both the onshore and offshore wind turbine industry.
Marianne Sommer
DMP Mlleservice
Actua ApS Balluff ApS BaltShip A/S BP Lubricants A/S Cargo Service A/S Cowi Dafa A/S DBB Jack-Up Services A/S Develco A/S DSV Air & Sea A/S Geodis Wilson Denmark A/S Make Consulting Niras North Sensor A/S Optica A/S Peter Madsen Rederi A/S Sauer Roldskov Advokatrma Schaefer Danmark ApS Suzlon Wind Energy A/S Sweco Architects A/S Skaarup & Jespersen | Birk Nielsen Vestas Technology R&D rhus Havn
THOMAS ARNBO/Scanpix
As the worlds leading supplier of clean technology solutions, we are dedicated to lead the creation of a next generation of renewable energy. More at envisioncn.com
in central Jutland.
It was a good decision to establish a presence in Denmark, says the managing director of Siemens Wind Power, Jan Kjrsgaard, who points to innovative staff and political ambition as the key factors in the companys success.
PROFILE
Emissions trading, 52 %
Wind energy, 26 %
If the EU achieves its target of reducing CO2 emissions by 20 percent by 2020 in relation to 1990, the composition will be as shown in the chart.
Jens Dresling/polfoto
Connie Hedegaard
EUROPEAN COMMISSIONER FOR CLIMATE ACTION
The European Commissioner for Climate Action, Connie Hedegaard, helps set the tone for a greener world where wind energy will play an essential role.
What is the status for the objectives in Energy Roadmap? In December last year, the Commission presented its communication on a roadmap for the energy sector up to 2050. This communication is currently being discussed in other institutions, including the Council of the European Union, where the Danish presidency is playing an important role in broadening the debate. The Commissions roadmap contains an analysis and a number of scenarios that can be used for further work. What are the greatest challenges to achieving the goals? Concerning the long-term target of achieving an almost CO2-free energy sector by 2050, the first necessary steps are to reach political agreement and acknowledgment of the need for new targets and framework conditions, including the period between 2020 and 2050. The roadmap clearly stresses that investors and companies in the energy sector need more certainty about the future framework conditions. An obvious opportunity would be to repeat the success that the EU has had in adopting targets for renewable
Continued on next page
Winning with Wind 23
profile
energy by 2020, and I certainly think this is something we should consider very seriously we can see that even large energy companies increasingly ask politicians to set such targets and provide certainty. What are the greatest benefits of Europe shifting over to renewable energy in addition to the environmental benefits? It would be a great benefit if we could gradually become less dependent on imported, fossil energy.
Today, Europe is dependent on imported coal, oil and gas to an extent that is really damaging to our economy. In 2011, we imported oil at a cost of EUR 315 billion. Our total trade deficit in the same year was about EUR 150 billion. In other words, oil imports eat away the trade surplus in other industries. If instead we could invest some of that money in better energy grids, energy efficiency and renewable energy, we would not only strengthen some of our most competitive industries, but also create jobs in
for example the construction industry, which has been badly affected by the crisis. What role will wind energy play in reaching targets and subsidiary targets? Since wind energy is currently the most competitive form of renewable energy, it will play an essential role in almost in any future scenario. Wind energy is no longer a marginal form of energy in 2011, more than 21 percent of all newly installed electricity
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8.5
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9.6
9.6
1995
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2010
5.9
1.0
1.3
1.7
3.2
0.8
3.2
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5.5
5.8
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Instead of using money to import oil, some of it should be used on creating better electricity grids, energy efficiency and renewable energy, argues Connie Hedegaard.
production capacity in the EU was based on wind energy, and if solar cells and other renewable energy forms are included, the figure was more than 70 percent. So renewable energy is becoming a mainstream component in the European electricity system. As a pioneering country in this area, Denmark continues to be well ahead of other countries in terms of the proportion of wind energy but continued growth is expected across most of Europe for many years ahead. When the offshore wind industry succeeds
in reducing costs further, we can expect a new wave in that area from those countries with the potential i.e. the countries bordering the North Sea and Baltic Sea, and along the coastlines of the Atlantic Ocean. What importance will wind energy have in connection with Horizon 2020? In the Commissions 2011 budget proposal, we suggested earmarking EUR 6.5 billion for research into energy-related challenges in society, and EUR
1.1 billion to increase access to venture capital for projects under the Strategic Energy Technology Plan (SET Plan). This is clearly assigning greater priority to the SET Plans priority technologies, of which wind is one. Although figures are not allocated in advance to each technology, more money will be given to wind energy if member states and the European Parliament follow the Commissions proposals when the new budget framework and Horizon 2020 are adopted. Marianne Sommer
DEVELOPMENT
The very first offshore wind farm was built in Denmark over 20 years ago and is still in operation. Its wind turbines were modelled on those on land, but as the deployment of offshore wind farms has progressed, the industry has developed accordingly. Much has changed since the early days. In 2004 we installed 30 wind turbines in two years at North Hoyle, one of the UKs first offshore wind farms. In 2010, we installed 100 offshore wind turbines in 100 days at Thanet Wind Farm, says Chief Operations Officer of Vestas Offshore, Flemming Ougaard. This acceleration is due to greater efficiency and increased cooperation in the supply chain, all the way from the company that lays the sub-sea cables to the wind turbine manufacturer itself. The COO mentions that the ships involved have undergone considerable modification. In the early days they carried only a pair of wind turbines at a time, whereas today the specially built vessels can accommodate up to ten at a time.
Investors want operational reliability
Since Vestas Wind Systems installed the first offshore wind turbine in 1990, the wind energy company has installed
But although the markedly increased efficiency in the industry has benefited the cost of energy, it is still more expensive to produce electricity from offshore wind farms than from fossil fuel-fired power stations. The challenge for the offshore wind industry remains that of bringing down the price. We have learned a lot and have become more efficient in all parts of the supply chain, but if this industry is to succeed, we have to further optimise, industrialise and specialise with one aim in sight to bring down the cost of energy. For it is clear that establishing an offshore wind farm is a costly
business. And while a wind turbine represents only 30-40 percent of the investment, it is responsible for producing 100 percent of the energy, says Ougaard. Having said that, it is a strength of the industry that costs are falling while the price of our fuel the free wind will be the same in the future as it is today, in contrast to the price of fossil fuels, which can only rise over time, adds the COO, who notes that at some point the two curves will cross each other. One factor that is attractive to investors is operational reliability. But there is more to it than that. For while confirming that operational reliability is a key
factor when investors calculate the risk, Flemming Ougaard points out that in order to achieve it, all parties in the supply chain have to work together to develop their services. Such a collaboration is taking place today in the industrys international working groups. Denmark is well-placed in this regard, because the whole sector is concentrated in a small geographical area, and the experience from many years of oil and gas extraction in the North Sea can be transferred to the offshore wind industry. On the manufacturers side, changes have been made in the way that wind turbines are developed, which increases security for investors.
A notice at a university in Romania caused Adelina Agaps life to take a significant turn in 2007. I was in my last year as an engineering student and didnt know what to do when I had completed my studies. But then I read on a notice board that a lecturer from Aalborg University would visit our university to provide information about opportunities for studying wind energy in Denmark. I decided
to attend since renewable energy has always interested me, says the 28 year old. The lecturers presentation of Denmark and the worlds first MSc in Wind Power Systems interested Adelina Agap so much that she decided to apply for the two year course. And in autumn 2007, she hopped on an aircraft to Denmark. She remembers her studies as one of the best periods in her life. She met many different nationalities and acquired unique knowledge. To finance her MSc course, she had parallel work at Aalborg University that was relevant to her study. Today Adelina Agap works for Vattenfall
Vindkraft, a leading energy producer in Northern Europe and the largest operator of onshore wind turbines in Denmark. She is a project engineer for offshore wind energy and has plans to continue her career in Denmark. Working conditions in Denmark are really good, and there is lot of knowledge and experience concentrated in one place, she says. There is another reason why she wants to stay in Denmark. She has moved together with her future husband, who is French and also works in the industry. So her studies in wind power systems have brought her more than she expected. marianne sommer
down
CARSTEN INGEMANN
In former times we developed a wind turbine, manufactured it in a production hall, and only then did we lift the veil and present it to the customers. Today the customers are part of the whole process. We have a development team which works closely with the customers and we ask them how they want the wind turbine to be tested. That creates confidence among the investors, he says. When Vestas Wind Systems presents its new 7 MW offshore wind turbine to the market in 2015, it will have a positive effect on the cost of energy and make electricity from offshore wind turbines even more competitive. marianne sommer
Adelina Agaps from Romania is working as a project engineer in offshore wind energy and has plans to continue her career in Denmark.
www.baltship.com
Winning with Wind 27
DEVELOPMENT
Michael Bo Rasmussen/Baghuset
Industrial PhD students are engaged in blade construction, where material research is combined with engineering to explore the relation of strength to performance.
Driving force
Hydra-Grenes package solutions make the company attractive to the market because customers avoid having to keep track of multiple sub-suppliers, while also setting the tone for sub-suppliers route into the market. Sub-suppliers are well aware that it can be difficult to enter the market with a single component. So their way into the market is to form part of a complete solution where we take the responsibility and do the calculations, says the market director. But its not only Danish wind turbine manufacturers that benefit from Hydra-Grenes package solutions. Denmark is a driving force in the wind area, and we have channelled this momentum internationally by establishing departments in China and India where we also supply system solutions with components from Danish subsuppliers, says Henrik Sillesen. In this way Danish companies still benefit from being from Denmark, and we help each other as a network. In China for example our office is located next to other Danish suppliers in the industry, so we can discuss things together and share some of the administrative costs, says Henrik Sillesen. Henrik Sillesen points out that the MidtVind network, which existed between 2008 and 2011 and was established by the Danish Wind Industry Association, generated a great deal of knowledge sharing. Consulting was offered on how small Danish companies can take the step to becoming a global player. Some of this knowledge collaboration has been transferred to the new VMIVindNet, which is part of the Danish Wind Industry Associations readjustment and development project. In this context, Hydra-Grene is part of a network with nine other companies from the western part of Denmark. Maren Urban Swart
Many consider Denmark to be a knowledge hub in wind energy research, where the hub consists of Ris DTU and Aalborg University. Wind energy research in Denmark is exclusively conducted in technical science and engineering faculties, so the two main players are the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) and Aalborg University. We have established a consortium in wind energy research, and in most areas we complement each others research, says Eskild Holm Nielsen.
Research needed
Most PhD students are affiliated to research projects which are shared between a company and the university or with consortia, where the project is financed for example with funds from the Danish Council for Strategic Research or the Energy Technological Development and Demonstration Programme.
Since the wind energy industry is essential in relation to the major climate challenges and the Danish governments 2020 target of 50 percent of electricity being generated from wind energy, Eskild Holm Nielsen expects there will be a need for even more research. Research is needed into how production can be made more cost-effective, and how the size and weight of materials can be reduced so that the costs of the entire installation are reduced, he says. Maren Urban Swart
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Today, Denmark also holds a world record when it comes to integration of wind power into the grid. More than 25 % of the Danish electricity consumption is covered by wind power. By 2020 the official aim is to have 50 % of the electricity consumption generated by wind power. The national and global success in the wind industry is the result of the special skills available throughout the supply chain in Denmark. Danish companies have developed unique technology solutions that are in demand worldwide. Many global companies have come to realise that teaming up with the best is the way to go. Has your company explored the unique Danish competences yet?
SEMINAR ON 18-19 JUNE 2012, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SEMINAR SEMINAR ON ON 18-19 18-19 JUNE JUNE 2012, 2012, COPENHAGEN, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK DENMARK SEMINAR SEMINAR ON ON 18-19 18-19 JUNE JUNE 2012, 2012, COPENHAGEN, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK DENMARK
DNV KEMA's wind energy offices: DNV KEMA's wind offices: Americas Asia energy Europe UK (London, Aberdeen, Manchester) USA (Seattle, Boston, Houston) Asia Korea (Pusan) Americas Europe Denmark (Copenhagen) China (Beijing) Brazil (Rio) KEMA's DNV wind energy UK offices: (London, Aberdeen, Manchester) USA (Seattle, Boston, Houston) Korea (Pusan) Germany (Hamburg) Singapore Denmark (Copenhagen) China (Beijing) DNV KEMA's wind energy offices: Brazil (Rio) Americas Europe Asia Norway (Oslo) India (Hyderabad) Germany (Hamburg) Singapore
USA (Seattle, Boston, Houston) Americas Brazil (Rio) Boston, Houston) USA (Seattle, Brazil (Rio) Korea (Pusan) Asia India (Hyderabad) China Korea (Beijing) (Pusan) Singapore China (Beijing) India (Hyderabad) Singapore India (Hyderabad) UK (London, Aberdeen, Manchester) Europe Norway (Oslo) Denmark (Copenhagen) UK (London, Aberdeen, Manchester) Germany Denmark (Hamburg) (Copenhagen) Norway (Oslo) Germany (Hamburg) Norway (Oslo)
Asia
Europe
SEMINAR TOPICS: Current standards and open items Main design principles and requirements, current SEMINAR TOPICS: best industry practice SEMINAR TOPICS: Current standards and open items and future trends Overview of substation installations Current standards and open items Main design principles and requirements, current SEMINAR TOPICS: Site specific conditions Main design principles and requirements, current SEMINAR TOPICS: best industry practice Current standards and open items Structural and electrical design aspects best industry practice Current standards and open items and future Overview of substation installations trends Main design principles and requirements, current Fire protection Overview ofconditions substation installations and future trends Main design principles and requirements, current Site best industry practice HSE,specific access and transfer Site specific conditions best industry practice Structural and electrical design Overview of substation installations and future trends Manufacturing, installation andaspects commissioning Structural and electricalinstallations design aspects Overview of substation and future trends Fire protection Site specific conditions Marine operations Fire Site specific conditions HSE,protection access and transfer design aspects Structural and electrical HSE, access and transfer Structural and electrical design Manufacturing, installation andaspects commissioning protection TheFire seminar is designed to increase attendees familiarity with the standManufacturing, installation and commissioning Fire protection Marine operations HSE, and transfer ards andaccess certification process to save time, money, and enable capture of Marine operations HSE, access and transfer Manufacturing, installation and commissioning added value in the final product. Manufacturing, installation and attendees commissioning TheMarine seminar is designed to increase familiarity with the standoperations The seminar is designed to increase attendees familiarity with capture the standMarine operations ards and certification process to save time, money, and enable of ards and certification process to save time, money, and enable capture of added value in the final product. The seminar is designed to increase attendees familiarity with the standadded value indesigned the final product. The is to increase attendees familiarity with capture the standards seminar and certification process to save time, money, and enable of ards and certification process to save time, money, and enable capture of added value in the final product. added value in the final product.
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