By Brijendra S.

Shrivastava, India
Introduction

Jyotirvid Brijendra S. Shrivastava. Honorary

Director Apara Jyotisham, Member Board of Studies in Jyotirvigyan Jiwaji University Gwalior. He specializes in Medical Astrology and Career Counseling through horoscopic cosmogram and teaches Samhita, Vaastu, Astronomy and other branches of Astrology of UGC approved PG course in Astrological Science at Jiwaji University Gwalior. Author has presented more than 50 research papers in universities, national & international forums of science, engineering, technology, medical science, astronomy, astrology and vedic sciences. He has also published in prestigious Journals etc. including Science India (recipient of award from the Prime Minister in 93rd Science Congress). He is regularly writing on subjects which include literature and art, law and sociology, science spiritualism, cosmology and panchang reform. Life member of Gwalior Academy of mathematical Sciences and IIPA Delhi. The author is rewarded with several national and international honors. He is working on a project of popularizing sky watching astronomy with his own six inch telescope and editing first ever astronomical annual event calendars depicting colorful sky events.

n Vaastu of today, south facing main gate or even any other facility in south direction of a house is increasingly blamed for every problem in life of house owner. This is due to ignorance or incorrect interpretation of classical texts of Vaastu and partly it is also to maintain fear psychosis of south facing main door for extracting money in the name of remedies. Ironically south facing plots have assumed a very high negative market value as south facing plots indirectly increase rates of plots of other directions. This is rather a recent development in Vaastu and it is the counterpart of kaal sarpa dosha of astrology which is equally an easy trick of bhay-dohan or extracting money by creating fear. If south direction is evil for some vaastu ignorants, should Nature become three directional? Can we over-rule natures diversity rule and declare south invalid for all purposes? Some so-called vaastuvids give fatwa or injunctions even against geographical constitution of India.

According to them an elevated North and depressed South India region is bad as per vaastu norms, it is Indias vaastu which is root of all national problems and it was responsible for thousand years of foreign rule! This is the climax of morbid thinking of so-called vaastu experts who ignore Indias glorious past in the same vaastugeography. Ample references in Puranas testify that even Devas consider land of Bharat i.e. India auspicious enough to be their mortal abode but if given power, these self styled demi-gods of Vaastu wont give to these demi-gods, a clearance certificate for taking avatar in India because Indias Geo-vaastu is not suitable !

These scaremonger Vaastuvids are responsible for creating malice towards south facing dwellings which is not supported by any classical vaastu or rationale thinking or latest scientific findings; they are thus committing grave intellectual sin or pragya-aparaadh and doing grave dis-service to Vaastu Shastra. This article is all about dispelling doubts and scares for south facing dwellings or main door in the south.

2. In classical Vaastu, options to select from all eight door directions or dwaar dishaas exist. A decision to construct main door is individualized according to owners status in family or society, caste, types of soil and rashi of town, varna of plot etc., etc and any direction including south may become suitable for him in such a selection process. Some examples from classical Vaastu texts which specifically provide all eight directions including south for making main door are summarized here.

3. AayGrah Pinda method: Also given in Muhurta Chintamani (Ch.12 verse 11-12 ) Pinda means area of land of the plot where construction is to be done, aay literally means income and it is a numerical value arrived at after applying some arithmetic to the area of plot land called pinda. Here area of plot is measured with the length of hand of 1. owner or 2. wife or 3. son or 4. head architect. Digital values so arrived, called aay, is then assessed as per norms given in the text. For dhwaj [flag] aay with digit value 1, east direction is good for main door construction but south direction is excellent for main door construction; for gaj [elephant] aay with digit 7, north faced main door is good but south faced and east faced main doors are excellent (Vaastu Raj Vallabh 3-60). This method seems best as it correlates pinda with brahmanda- the microscopic individual with the macroscopic universe which is the main intention of Vaastu, After all most of our measurements are mainly human based. This approach gives at least on 2 counts, preference to south door as against east and north door entrance.

4. Disha Dwaar Paal (Guardians of directions) method: It says, select the direction in which main door is to be constructed then add up numerical values assigned to that direction, town and name of the owner, divide it by eight. Remainder will represent eight directional guards, door in the selected direction will be auspicious or not will depend on the nature of those eight directional dwarpals or guardians so obtained. This method neither praises east nor condemns south but declares it to be good or bad individually (Vastu Ratnakar ch.8 dwar prakaranam verse 31-32). 5. Grah Swamis Chandra Rashi or House Owners Moon Sign Method : (a) For Gemini, Virgo or Capricorn rashi or moon sign of the owner south direction main door is favorable (Jyotir-Nibandh) (b) Owner of Cancer, Virgo, and Capricorn chandra rashi should select south for main door (Vastu Raj Vallabh.1/12). (c) Caste or varna of zodiacal sign as basis and not the caste of owner in astrology, 12 zodiacal signs have been divided into four castes or varnas. A person born under a particular sign is astrologically treated as belonging to the caste ascribed to the particular sign. Similarly for all the four castes or varnas different directions have separately been prescribed as auspicious for main door. In this method direction of door should be selected as per ones birth sign caste or varna irrespective of ones social caste. Accordingly persons born in Taurus , Virgo and Capricorn moon signs are vaish by caste or businessman by nature and for them south door main gate is most auspicious (Brahat Daivagya Ranjan (86-354). Caste of other zodiacal signs and auspicious direction for those born under such signs for making main gate are: signs 4-8-12 are Brahmins or signs of intellectual pursuits and east door is suitable for them. Signs 3-7-11 are shudra or those earn through services of all kinds by nature and west door is suitable for them. Signs1-5-9 are kshatriyas or warriors in nature and north door main gate is best for them.)

6. South door and selection of sun sign for muhurta of construction: for dwellings with south or north direction main gate, start when sun is transiting Mesha, Vrishabh, Tula or Vrischik (Ratna Maala 17/14-15). It further ordains that if someone constructs the door contrary to these provisions, the house owner suffers calamities.

7. (a) Door direction based on position of Rahu (North node)in muhurta method: Rahu moves in 4 directions of east south west north in every three months starting from bhadrapada month. The rule is - main door to be constructed in Rahu-head direction; accordingly, for south main gatehouse, foundation should be done in margshirsha, pausa, or maagh months when Rahu head is in south (Jyotirnibandha).

Note that muhurta for south door house has been given and not excluded just because of south. (b) In Muhurta Chintamani (Vaastu ch.12verse 19) laying of foundation of a living house in south-west direction (in opposite to Rahus head direction) is auspicious when transiting Sun is in Taurus, Gemini or Cancer2-3-4 signs. It further rules that for laying foundation of a temple south-west is to be taken if sun is in Sagittarius, Capricorn or Aquarius signs and laying foundation of a water pond when sun is in Libra, Scorpio or Sagittarius signs is to be done in south-west. For other foundation laying in remaining three vidishas (angles of main directions) different position of sun sign for all the three purposes has been given. The point is south-west direction is not excluded even in laying of corner stones or shila-nyas so vital for a home. (c) In Muhurta Chintamani (grah pravesh ch.13 verse 1), selection of nakshatra for muhurta for entering a newly constructed home, eight nakshatras are considered auspicious. It says out of these eight, select the Nakshatra which rules the direction of main door of this home. In chapter on journey muhurta, we can find direction of each nakshatra. Accordingly, direction of four fixed and four char nakshatras valid for grah pravesh are: 1. east direction - rohini and mrigshir, 2. South - chitra and uttaraphalguni, 3. West - anuradha and uttrashadha and 4. North - revati and uttarabhadrapada. It simply means that if main door is in south select or prefer chitra and uttaraphalguni for entering new house. The provision of muhurta for south facing main door home clearly indicates that there is no bias against south facing door even in muhurta shastra and no special pooja is prescribed for a south door dwelling neither at the time of laying of cornerstone in southern angle or at the time of fixing door facing south nor at the time of entering a south facing sweet home. Thank God! So far no special package of pooja or upaay or remedy is being prescribed by greedy vaastu shatris. But days are not far when these scaremonger Vaastuvids may start exploiting gullible public in near future, by flouting all ethics and muhurta system. This can be ensured only when awareness about correct all inclusive vaastu norms is made available to public. Saptarishi EMagazines support in creating awareness about classical texts and sustaining rationale thinking and scientific temper in all branches of Astro sciences including vaastu is highly appreciated, that is why this magazine has readers, admirers and contributors across seven continents.

8. South door in 81 and 64 pada Mandal Method: in eighty-one padas, total forty-five khand or portions are made consisting of thirteen inner areas formed with unequal number of padas and thirty-two outer areas covering equal number of thirty-two padas. These outer area 32 padas spread over @ eight pada in each of the four directions are considered auspicious for construction of main gate.

In this system, out of 8 pada allocated to each direction, only a specific pada or fraction of every direction is auspicious and not all padas of the entire direction. Main door in south direction can be made on number 4th fraction or pada of south direction which brings abundance of food drinks and sons. Counting of pada is done in 2 ways, 1st way is to count from left to right after facing the desired direction. In 2nd way counting is started from east covering all 32 fractions up to desired fraction in desired direction in clockwise direction east-south-west-north. Auspicious south fraction will become number 12th when counted from east. In a 64 pada mandal, it is to be noted that all 4 directions cannot have 8 pada if total of 32 padas are to be marked on it. Therefore, herein four corner padas or sectors are bisected to make total outer padas 32 in number. (Varahi Sanhita (50/42) and Varahmihiras Brahatsanhita chpr. vaastu vidya 72/75). In Jyotirnibandha an easy method for making main door in any four directions says that make nine parts of desired direction, after facing that desired direction, leave three parts from left, leave five parts from right and construct on the 4th part as counted from left to right of that direction, some variation of this system is also there. Brahat vaastu maalaayam also in its dwar vichar (164) endorses fourth portion of south direction as giver of putra vraddhi or increase in numbers of sons when selected for main door It also suggests exploring main door with dwar chakra of sun based nakshatra

9. Main door direction in Sarvatobhadra Vaastu with verandahs or alinda: For buildings with verandas, Brahat Samhita vaastu vidya chapter (31-35) has made special provisions where construction of main gate in any direction including south is either permissible or not permissible depends solely on the position of veranda. In (1) sarbhatobhadra vaastu- which has verandas in all four directions is auspicious only for devas and kings and not for any others, doors should be made in all four directions including south. in (2) nandhyavart vaastu- which has verandahs in clockwise direction, west is prohibited for gate and gates to be made in remaining 3 directions including south and in (3) vardhmaan south door is forbidden, in (4) swastika- only east door is allowed, all other three directions not allowed.

in (5) ruchak vaastu- north direction door is discarded.

10.Samarangan Sootradhar of King Bhoj of Dhar central India: In this classical text on vaastu, in a complete township layout based on sixty-four padas, a palace can be built in all four directions on the place allotted to different deities and the direction of door of such palace will change in all four directions-(Please see charts and table) for palace built at Mitra in west of sixty-four pada vaastu, the gopura dwar is built in Bhallat pada location i.e in north; for palace built at mahidhar or Indra in north, the dwar is located at Mahendra pada i.e. in east; for palace built at vaivasvat or south direction of city, the door is to be located at Pushpadanta padas in west and for palace built at Aryamaan site in east, the door is to be located at Grahakshat pada in south. Further discussion on directions of main door including south door may be seen from texts like Maan Saar Shilpa Shastra, Mayy Matam of Mayasur, Vishwakarma Vaastu prakash, Aparajit Prachha Shilpa Ratna etc., etc.

Refer para 10.

explanation for 64 pada township layout chart

Location of Palace in a Direction of Gopur Dwar or Main Gate in the zone, direction of zone palace and its specific location in terms of deity in township or fort Zone Direction East Mahendra South Grahkshat West Pushpadant North Bhallat

1. Mahindra North 2. Aryaman East 3. Vivswaan South 4. Mitra West

Ref. Samarangana Sootradhaar of Maharaja Bhoj of Dhar Central India

11. In Ayurveda five mahabhootas, triguna and tridosha forms basis of its philosophy of psychosoma of individual. These are universal factors of Sankhya school of philosophy and therefore, panch mahabhootas or five elements constituting all physical entities are also referred to in modern vaastu literature with much theoretical highlights but with least insight. An impression is tried to be created as if these are inventions of modern vaastu. In Ayurveda Shrushut Sanhita has given peculiarities of individual dominated by prithvi or earth, vaat or air, jal or water, agni or fire and aakash or space element. In Brihat Parashar chapter 77-78 outlines correlation between panch mahabhootas and prakrati or temperament of individual and planets. Ayurveda, holds that proportion of these attributes of panch-tatwa along with triguna and tridosha which are interrelated (Sushrut Sanhita: shaareer and sootra sthhaanam), differs from person to person and it shapes individuals physical and mental temperament or nature. That is why in Ayurveda emphasis is on individual-based treatment. On the other hand currently prevalent vaastu heavily tends to act on a pre-conditioned notion that each human activity must be performed in a very specific direction prescribed by vaastu. In declaring some directions, say south, southwest or southeast as second grade, they ignore dominance or deficiency of certain mahabhota in an individuals physical or psychological body. Which mahabhoota is more beneficial to an individual as per his or her panch maha bhoot set up cannot be known by current vaastu practice which has no liking to consider individuals sensitivity towards five elements and related tridosha of air, phlegm and bile and trigunas of satwa rajas and tamas; frankly it has no curiosity to know. Such vaastu prescriptions, generated largely by fixed notions of vaastu and indifference towards individuals personality are just like allopathys broad spectrum medicines which bring more harm and less relief in long run.

12.1. Astrology and south direction: Astrology is also individual based and despite existence of general features of planets in its system , emphasis in Astrology is on individual chart, which modifies such generalities of planets. Parashari has even laid down list of benefic, malefic and neutral planets of each ascendant in its Karaka chapter which, for example, says that Saturn is excellent for Taurus and Capricorn ascendant and Jupiter is blemished, but for cancer ascendant reverse is the case. Another curious feature of astrology is that, in Astrology a person is always born with a specific vaastu environment. To begin with an individuals horoscope mostly indicates its home surroundings. That is why there is always a chapter even in annual almanacs for a newly born baby which gives astrological combinations to indicate the direction, door and other features of prasooti kaksha or labor room. How such astro-vaastu indications should be modified in the changed delivery environments is a different question. Besides, in Astrology it can also be shown how vaastu surroundings are governed by and go on changing with change of dasa bhuktis. In a dominant moon dasa antardasa individual dwells near water pond sea shore etc., etc or in north portion, in mars or in dominant sun, electric transformer, fire workplace etc., etc. may be close to the residence, Rahus directional influence often gives southern direction to live or work. All this requires a separate article. Here it is sufficient to emphasize that blanket generalization again south direction by current vaastu is not valid. Interestingly it is to be noted that if planets ruling south and southern angles-like venus southeast, mars south and rahu southwest are exerting influence on fourth house which rules living environments in an individuals birth chart, such individual mostly live in a house facing a southern angle. Other planets also give living conditions according to their directions. This can easily be verified from a few horoscopes. So how a person can exclude south faced residence, office, godown, garage, workshop or laboratory or a dream place when his birth chart so powerfully mirrors these angles of directions. It will be most exciting and interesting to correlate Suns house position in birth chart and availability of sun light in home. Sun in 9th house is supposed to give open courtyard and ample sunlight. 12.2. Planet in south is most influential in Astrology: South direction is treated very powerful and of imparting life-building impact in Astrology. How? Is it written in any text of Astrology? Yes it written even in each horoscope. Ascendant or rising sign represents east and descendant or seventh house shows west. In between tenth house is south. Due to west-to-east rotation of earth, all planets move east to west via south. Western design of a birth chart rightly depicts it since it places ascendant at left side, which is east, and seventh house in right side, which is west, and tenth house in between at the top, which is south. In astrology tenth house or south direction is also called zenith or culmination point or yaamyottar meaning crossing towards south or kh-madhya or mid-heaven. Any planet here is considered most powerful and

is decisive in profession and vocation and every astrological text gives a chapter for determination of profession largely based on planet on tenth house cusp or in rashi in 10th house. It is because a planet in south casts its full impact or dristi- irrespective of its fractional or paad dristi or aspect on ascendant and consequently on personality and outlook and it can be assumed to be placed in lagna or ascendant itself for this purpose.

Michael Gqualine in his Cosmic Clock while dealing with diurnal motion of earth has proved statistically that a planet culminating in south in diurnally chart decides individuals profession. One can log on to net to search more on it. 12.3. Question is if south is so devilish in terms of current vaastu practice not as per classical vaastu - how and why a planet in extreme south called zenith or midpoint of tenth in horoscopes of individuals can be so decisive and beneficial? After all, all sciences are interlinked and this is particularly so with astrology and astronomy. As for vaastu, history shows, it developed separately as vaastu vidya, and in most of its areas it depends on astronomy and astrology. There is another interesting point. In which direction of a horoscope individuals most auspicious bhava or house is located? I mean 9th house of fortune, which may surprise many readers, that 9th house is posited in south directions southwest point called nairutya a not much favoured sub-direction in vaastu. It must be noted that directions are astronomical points and are same be it vaastu, astrology, or navigation. My point is that no direction is bad as depicted in current vaastu.

12.4. Learned readers must now be convinced that 1) all classical and standard vaastu texts give equal treatment to all four direction facing main gates and find no fault with south facing main door and that 2) standard classical vaastu in its true scientific spirit emphasizes individualized auspiciousness of directions. It may further be seen that in 64 and 81 and 100 vaastu-padamandala, one can see that names of several presiding deities do not sound well, yet most of such padas or segment of plot of land have not at all been excluded for construction of main door and other various facilities. In this critically examined wider context, it can be concluded with firmness that declaring any one or more directions entirely auspicious or inauspicious has no sanction of classical and standard texts as well as historical practice and it is entirely against the basic spirit and cannons of classical and modern vaastu to single out any direction as inauspicious. Therefore, stigmatization of south facing main door or south facing plot of land by so called vaastu shastris must be exposed and awareness about judicious vaastu should be supported and spread.

13. Keralas celebrated astrologer Soumyajis unique Astro-Vaastu: In Astaka varga (AV) system of Astrology the maximum number of points in an AV of an individual in any individuals birth chart determine the direction in the house where the facility is to be maintained. Exponent of this wonderful technique of astrovastu, Keralas celebrated astrologer Soumyaji observes in his classical astrology Jaatakadesh maarga that, in AV chart of Mars, the direction which secure maximum points is suitable for kitchen as well as for rituals relating to fire. Similarly in the AV chart of Saturn, the direction with maximum points is best suited for toilet, servants quarter and garbage. Similar rules exist for allotment of places for different activities ruled by different planets. It may be observed that in Soumyajis methodology of astro-vaastu, nature of planet and the nature of tatwa indicating an activity or facility is same yet its place varies. Whereas in current vaastu, direction is fixed, in AV system the direction of facility moves with planets direction as found in the birth chart. Soumyajis system of Astro-vaastu needs further exploration and I appeal learned readers to undertake this fusion system further.

14.1. WHO Report on Ultraviolet Radiation. UVR is important for formation of vitamin D in our body, which is essential for various functions of different systems of body. It is particularly essential for formation of calcium for bones. UVR is a component of solar radiation and it is continuously received by earth as a whole every moment from all directions. However a number of factors influences UVR levels: Latitude of place: Higher UVR levels exist when dwelling is close to equator. . Suns elevation: higher sun in the sky, leads to higher UVR radiation. Altitude (of building): UV levels increase by about 5% with every one thousand meters altitude. Ozone layer: ozone absorbs some UVR, if it is depleted, more UVR in general reaches earth. Ground reflection: many surfaces reflect suns rays and add to overall exposure of URV. Grass and soil and water reflect less than ten percent of UVR received from sun, (it means these absorb ninety percent UVR of rays) dry beach sand reflects fifteen percent and fresh snow reflects eighty percent. WHO report emphasizes that UVR in small amount is essential as it produces vitamin D in our body for bones and musculo-skeletal system. We know that sun shines overhead near equator but near poles, it remains near horizon and does not even set for six months. It means with increase in latitude of places (i.e. going northward or southward of equator), the height of mid-day sun called altitude of sun goes on decreasing and length of day goes on increasing.

My study on this point is summarized below: 1. Date: twenty first march of any year called vernal equinox day-when day and night are equal. Place Latitude [deg] Altitude of Sun Day light hours [deg] Thiruvananthapuram 6 81.7 12hr 7min Chennai 13 77.2 12hr 7min Delhi 26 61.6 12hr 9min Leh Laddakh 34 56.1 12hr 27min

14.2. It is evident from this data that south facing gate house does not receive same amount of UVR in each city or town and that it differs from latitude to latitude during suns maximum height at noon called culmination point of sun. Accordingly, daily impact of UVR also varies with daily variation of height of sun and duration of day which is opposite to each other as stated earlier. Further elevation and duration of any day both differ from seasons to seasons. Suns heat and radiation is required more in winter and even sunbath is preferred in winter when sun is in south declination from equator. From this point, south facing houses get more soothing and healthy solar radiation during winter. Solar radiation pattern does not in any way allow us to degrade south facing properties which should be noted.

Light and shadow pattern at noon in summer. Note sunrise angle at north east and sun set angle at north west in summer Courtesy:PSAC Manual

Light and shadow pattern at noon in winter. Note sunrise angle at south east and sun set angle at south west in winter Courtesy-PSAC manual

If you are astrologer or astronomer, you can watch movement of planets in night sky only from south because planets script poetry on the sky adorned with Nakshatras galaxies eighty-four constellations including twelve zodiacal signs from east to west via south only. Rising culmination and setting of sun and moon is also visible from south faced house. Suns heat is felt more in summer around noon when suns elevation is highest. At noon when sun is in southern direction that is the only summer season-based disadvantage of south facing house but it is equally an advantage in post rainy season to clear moisture based harmful bacterias and far more advantageous in entire winter. Therefore angle of shades and projections on windows, doors and verandas etc,. etc should be so devised as to protect the house of any direction from direct sun light during noons of summer season (which is more felt in south facing houses compared to other directions). Such angles of shades etc., etc can be determined as per latitude of place and yearly chart of altitude (height in sky)1 of sun at noon of the place. An expert architect with some knowledge of astronomy can do this and my humble suggestion is that vaastu shastris must also learn to do such calculations of shades and projections of houses facing all eight directions.

1 Please download Pilkington Sun Angle Calculator from this location

http://www.pilkington.com/resources/pilkingtonsunanglecalculatormanual.pdf Alternately if you are conversant with Excel sheet and know latitude of your place use this handy tool to calculate Sun Angle http://www.pge.com/includes/docs/word_xls/about/edusafety/training/pec/toolbox/arch/avots_annual.xls Still more elaborate tool is available at http://solardat.uoregon.edu/SunChartProgram.html

14.3. WHO recommends important remedies for absorption of excess UVR radiation during summer. These may be suitable particularly for places of lower latitude. Report says that grass, soil and water reflect less than ten percent of UVR received from sun; it means these absorb ninety percent UVR received from sun. Therefore, plantation of grass and leaving some patch of land as kuchcha or un-cemented or placing earth filled pots in south direction, from east to west line via south can be more effective. Walls continue to reflect energy instead of absorbing, hence a green patch will work wonders. This easy-to-change measure should be adopted in every house. Comparatively south and south-west and west faced

house may require it more during summer, but least in winter so as to take advantage of winter sun.

Measuring sun shadows in different seasons for south faced home in October and December afternoon . Courtesy : Pilkington Sun Angle Calculator Angle Manul

Measuring sun shadows in different seasons for south faced home in morning of April and December. Courtesy Pilkington Sun Angle Calculator Angle Manul

15. Eminent Indologist and researcher in Vaastu and specialist in Vaastu Purush Mandala, Dr Prabhakar Apte of Pune has observed that conventional descriptions and prescriptions are spread over in vaastu but one has to note that all descriptions are not prescriptions. Regimentation on shubhashubh or good or bad of vaastu convention is not so easy. Research scholars have to stand on firm foundation of data collection, data analysis and comparative study before they arrive at any conclusion.

Contents of vaastu texts are descriptive and not prescriptive and a vaastuvid is entitled to modify or change it according to changed circumstances. It is therefore desirable that vaastu experts should now realize that south direction is neither good nor bad and that all directions have equal advantage and disadvantage. If faith on Vaastu is to be enhanced and endured, Vaastu practitioners need to be dogma free, innovative, experimental, rationale, open and scientific. It is time to withdraw fatwas or injunctions against South direction and rationalize the view about all directions as clearly mandated in the classical and traditional texts and latest scientific findings.

16. Art is an expression of aesthetics and is essentially spiritual, that is why art encompasses every facet of life, every color of nature all ten directions of space and is all inclusive. Vaastu which includes architecture , is an extension of art, Vaastu also has to be inclusive.
I conclude with a verse, which starts from word south which connotes right side. South is seated brother Lakshman on His side, divine consort Sita adorns His left and before Him is seated Maruti Hanumana; we pray such Lord Rama of king Raghus clan. Dakshine Lakshmano yasya vaame ch Janakaatmajaa Purto maruturyast tam vande Ragu nandanam.