What is expansion joint? Joint that is fabricated to allow line expansion or contraction due to fluids temp change.

11) Explain color coding? Marking of piping bulk material to identify the material. 12) what is steam trap? Trap water is formed when the steam is condensate. 13) what is the use of lateral? Limit fluids resistance and minimize choke of pipe due to foreign material. 14) what does holiday detect: Pin holes in coating and wrapping.

15) what is the role of venture? Fluid amount check. 16) what is the reason for installing a loop in piping? To ease expansion and contraction of pipe due to fluid temperature change. 17) what is the insulation kit? To isolate between above ground and under ground. 18) What is the break flange? For maintenance of vertical pump, exchanger, drums and other equipment. 19) What is the cathodic protection? Way of protection metal against corrosion by passing a small electric current between the metal surface and the surround grounds or water. 20) type of supports: Spring support hanger support - dummy support shoe anchor guide and pick up. 1. ANSI code: a) power plant piping - B 31.1 b) chemical plant piping - B 31.3

2. Four types of gasket : a) asbestos gasket b) ring gasket ( ring, octagonal, oval) c) spiral wound (metal) d) titanium gasket 3. E 7016 is a type of welding rod. What does the under lined number indicate? Tensile strength - 70 ksi (70,000 psi) 4. What is ff elevation? Elevation of pipe flange face, which is connected to equipment nozzle. 5. a) b) c) d) e) Five types if non destruction examination: liquid penentrant test magnetic particle test radiographic test ultrasonic test visual test

6. Three types of destructive examination: Impact test Bend test Tensile test 7. What is punch list? List of unfinished work or unmatched item according to DRWG and specification before hydro test. 8. What is JIS equivalent of ASTM a53 Gr B: STPG 42

1. Process
Equipment should be laid out in a sequence to suit the process flow. Fluid flow requirements, for example gravity flow systems, pump suction heads and thermosyphon system, often dictate relative elevations and provoke the need for structures. Limitations of pressure or temperature drop in transfer lines decide proximity of furnaces, reactors, etc.

2. Hazardous and Toxic Areas

Equipment items considered a possible source of hazard should preferably be grouped and located separately, if possible and economic. Examples are: Furnaces, flare stacks, or other direct fired equipment containing an open flame; rotating or mechanical equipment handling flammable or volatile liquids which could easily leak or spill. Equipment handling acids or other toxic materials which could cause damage or danger by spillage, should be grouped and contained within a bunded area.

2.1 Locate Control Rooms

15 meters or more from equipment which in operation or during maintenance can create a hazard. (If not practicable, pressurize). Ensure maximum cable run to any instrument is not more than 90 meters.

2.2 Locate Buildings

Example offices, first-aid rooms, cafeterias, garages, fire station, warehouses, gas holders and work-shops a minimum of 30 meters from any hazard. Unpressurised substation and switchrooms a minimum of 15 meters from any hazard. Definition of dangerous areas and their safety requirements shall be in accordance with the Institute of Petroleum Safety Codes, or where this is not recognized, to the applicable National Code(s). Local bye-laws and Fire Office whose requirements may be more stringent or specific than the above codes shall take precedence.