LINEAR EQUATION WITH ONE VARIABLE (LEOV)

AND

LINEAR INEQUALITY WITH ONE VARIABLE (LIOV)

I. LINEAR EQUATION WITH ONE VARIABLE (LEOV)

A. The examples of LEOV
1. x + 4 = 8
2. 2x – 5 = 7
2
3. y + 2 = 4y – 16
5
4. etc.
B. The equivalent LEOV
Examples: 1. x + 4 = 8 ⇔ x + 4 +(-4) = 8 + (-4)
1 1
2. 3x = 12 ⇔ (3x) = (12)
3 3
C. The solution of LEOV using the equivalent equation
Examples: 1. x–5=7
⇔x–5+5=7+5 (adding both sides by 5)
⇔ x + 0 = 12
⇔ x = 12
So the solution is x = 12 because 12 – 5 = 7
2. 5x = 15
1 1 1
⇔ (5x) = (15) (multiply both sides by )
5 5 5
⇔ x=3
So the solution is x = 3 because 5 x 3 = 15

WORK SHEET
1. The examples 0f LEOV
a. x+…=9 b. x–…=3
c. 4x + 1 = … d. … + 8 = 16
e. 15 – … = 2
2. Fill in the blank by the correct number
a. 2x + 5 = 13 ⇔ 2x + 5 + (-5) = 13 + ….
b. 4y – 6 = 20 ⇔ 4y – 6 + … = 20 + 6
1 1
c. 3x = 24 ⇔ (3x) = (…)
3 3
1
d. 7y = 49 ⇔ ( … ) = … ( 49 )
7
 1
e. 36 = 4x ⇔ (…)=…(…)
4

3. Find the solution of each variable.

a. x + 6 = 17
⇔ x + 6 + ( -6 ) = 17 + ( … ) (adding both sides by (-6))
⇔x+ … =…
⇔ x = ….
So the solution of x is ….
b. x – 3 = 12
⇔ x – 3 + … = 12 + … (adding both sides by 3)
⇔x + …. = ….
⇔ x = ….
So the solution of x is ….
c. 2x = 16
1 1
⇔ ( 2x ) = … ( 16 ) (multiply both sides by )
2 2
1
⇔ x = …. (note: (2) = 1)
2
So the solution of x is ….
d. 4x + 2 = 10
⇔ 4x + 2 + … = 10 + … (adding both sides by (-2))
⇔ 4x + … = ….
⇔ 4x = ….
1 1 1
⇔ ( 4x ) = (…) (multiply both sides by )
4 4 4
⇔ x =…
So the solution of x is ….
2
e. x–5=1
3
2
⇔ x–5+…=1+5 (adding both sides by 5)
3
2
⇔ x = ….
3
3 2 3 3
⇔ ( x)= (…) (multiply both sides by )
2 3 2 2
3 2
⇔ x = …. (note : ( )( ) = 1)
2 3
So the solution of x is ….
II. LINEAR INEQUALITY WITH ONE VARIABLE (LIOV)
A. The examples of LiOV
1. x + 4 < 8
2. 2x – 5 > 7
2
3. y + 2 ≤ 4y – 16
5
4. 4X ≥ 2X + 6
5. etc.

B. The equivalent LiOV

Examples: 1. x + 4 < 8 ⇔ x + 4 +(-4) < 8 + (-4)
1 1
2. 3x ≥ 12 ⇔ (3x) ≥ (12)
3 3
C. The solution of LiOV using the equivalent inequality
Examples: 1. x–5<7 ; x∈A
⇔x–5+5<7+5 (adding both sides by 5)
⇔ x + 0 < 12
⇔ x < 12
So the solution of x are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
and 11
or the solution set of x is { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10,11 }
2. 5x ≥ 15 ; x ∈ C
1 1
⇔ (5x) ≥ (15) (multiply both sides by )
5 5
⇔ x ≥ 3
So the solution of x are 3, 4, 5, 6, ….
or the solution set of x is { 3, 4, 5, 6, … }
3. 2x + 3 ≥ 3x + 1 ; x ∈ C
⇔ 2x + 3 + (-3) ≥ 3x + 1 + (-3) (adding both ides by
-3)
⇔ 2x ≥ 3x – 2
⇔ 2x + (-3x) ≥ 3x + (-3x) – 2
⇔ -x ≥ -2
⇔ (-1)(-x) ≤ (-1)(-2) (multiply both sides
by -1)
⇔ x ≤ 2 (note : if both sides
are multiply by
negative number the sign of in
equal is change by the
opposite sign)
 So the solution of x are 0, 1, and 2
or the solution set of x is { 0, 1, 2 }

WORK SHEET
Find the solution and the solution set of each variable
1. x + 5 < 10 ; x ∈C
⇔ x + 5 + (-5) < 10 + .... (adding both sides by (-5))
⇔ x < ….
So the solution of x are 0, … , … , …, and ….
And the solution set of x is { …, …, …, … , … }

2. 3x – 7 ≤ 14 ; x ∈ A
⇔ 3x – 7 + … ≤ 14 + …. (adding both sides by 7)
⇔ 3x ≤ ….
1 1
⇔ (3x) ≤ … × …. (multiply both sides by )
3 3
⇔ x ≤ ….
So the solution of x are 1, 2, …, …, …, …, and ….
And the solution set of x is { …, …, …, …, …, …, … }
3. 5x – 3 ≥ 2x + 3 ; x∈ C
⇔ 5x – 3 + … ≥ 2x + 3 + …. (adding both sides by 3)
⇔ 5x + … ≥ 2x + … + …. (adding both sides by
(-2x))
⇔ 3x ≥ 6
1 1
⇔ (3x) ≥ … × …. (multiply both sides by )
3 3
⇔ x ≥ ….
So the solution of x are 2, …, …, …, ….
And the solution set of x is { …, …, …, …, …, … }
4. x + 7 ≥ 3x – 1 ; x ∈ A
⇔ x + 7 + (-7) ≥ 3x – 1 + …. (adding both sides by -7)
⇔ x ≥ 3x – ….
⇔ x + (-3x) ≥ 3x + (-3x) – …. (adding both sides by -3x)
⇔ -2x ≥ ….
 1 1
⇔ - (-2x) ≤ … × …. (multiply both sides by -
2 2
and the sign “≥” is change to
be “≤”)
⇔ x ≤ ….
So the solution of x are …, …, …, and ….
And the solution set of x is { …, …, …, … }
5. 2x – 7 ≤ 5x – 13 ; x ∈ A
⇔ 2x – 7 + … ≤ 5x – 13 + 7 (adding both sides by 7)
⇔ 2x + (-5x) ≤ 5x + (-5x) + … (adding both sides by -5x)
⇔ -3x ≤ ….
1 1
⇔ - (-3x) ≥ … × …. (multiply both sides by -
3 3
and the sign “≤” I change to be “≥”)
⇔ x ≥ ….
So the solution of x are 2, …, …, …, …, etc
And the solution et of x is { …, …, …, …, …, …, … }