M.A.

M SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
SIRUGANUR,TRICHY 621 105

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING EE 1205 - ELECTRICAL DRIVES AND CONTROLS

UNIT-I INTRODUCTION
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS 1. What is an electric drive? 2. List the elements of an electric drive system. 3. State the advantages of an electric drive system. 4. Give the classification of electric drives. 5. List the factors affecting the selection of electric drive. 6. State the various classes of duty. 7. List the classes of insulation based on the temperature limits. 8. Define heating time constant of a machine. 9. Define cooling time constant of a machine. 10. Compare a.c and d.c drives. 11. State the expression for the rating of motor required in case of linear and rotary motion. 12. Draw the load time curves for various classes of duty. 13. What do you mean by individual drive? 14. What do you mean by multimotor drive? 15. Which type of motor is used in centrifugal pumps? 16. Which type of motor is used in reciprocating pumps? 17. Which type of motor is used in crushers? 18. Which type of motor is used in power hammers? 19. Which type of motor is used in punch presses? 20. Which type of motor is used in stirrer for liquids? 21. Which type of motor is used in large ships? 22. Which type of motor is used in machine tools? 23. Which type of motor is used in Pulp grinders? 24. Which type of motor is used in sewing machines? 25. Which type of motor is used in vacuum cleaner? 26. Which type of motor is used in air conditioners? 27. Which type of motor is used in domestic refrigerator compressor? 28. Which type of motor is used in domestic appliances mixers? 29. Which type of motor is used in reciprocating compressors? 30. Which type of motor is used in load conveyors? 31. Which type of motor is used in line shafts? 32. Which type of motor is used in centrifugal pumps? 33. Which type of motor is used in mine winder? 34. Which type of motor is used in textile industry?

35. Which type of motor is used in cranes? 36. Which type of motor is used in hoists? 37. Which type of motor is used in steel rolling mills? 38. Why the synchronous motors are not self starting? 39. What is thermal loading? 40. What is impact loads? SIXTEEN MARKS QUESTIONS 1. What is an electric drive? Explain the basic elements of an electric drive system. 2. Explain the classification of electric drives. 3. Explain the factors affecting the selection of electric drive. 4. Write a note on various classes of insulating materials and corresponding temperature rise. 5. What are the various types of load variations? Give suitable examples of each. 6. Explain the various classes of duty. How it affects the selection of rating of a motor for the drive? 7. Explain the requirements of the following industrial applications and the corresponding choice of an electric drive.(1)Rolling mills(2)Cranes and hoists(3)Textile mills 8. Explain the requirements of the following industrial applications and the corresponding choice of an electric drive.(1)Coal and mining industry(2)Machine tools 9. Draw the typical temperature rise-time curve and derive equation for temperature rise in an electric drive. 10. Write a note on a cooling curve of an electric drive, stating its expression. 11. Explain the method based on average losses for selection of drive motor. 12. How the motor ratings are selected for short time duty? 13. How the motor ratings are selected for short intermittent duty? 14. What factors govern the selection of a motor for a particular application? 15. The enclosure of a 10 KW is equivalent to a cylinder of 70cm diameter 100 cm length. The motor weighs 500kg.Assuming that the specific heat is 700J/Kg/0C and that the peripheral surface of the enclosure of the motor alone is capable of heat dissipation of 12.5 W/Sq.m/0C, Calculate the heating time constant of the motor and its final temperature rise. Efficiency of the motor is 90%. 16. Briefly discuss about classes of duty. 17. Briefly discuss about selection of power rating for drive motors. 18. Briefly discuss about selection of motor for miscellaneous applications. 19. Briefly discuss about heating and cooling curves. 20. Briefly discuss about method based on average losses.

UNIT-II-DRIVE MOTOR CHARACTERISTICS

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS
1. 2. 3. 4. What is back e.m.f in a d.c motor? State the expression of back e.m.f. State the various types of d.c motors. On which factors the speed of a d.c motor depends?

5. On which factors the torque of a d.c motor depends? 6. State the torque equation of a d.c motor explaining each term involved in it. 7. Show the Torque-Armature current characteristics of d.c series motor. 8. Show the Torque-Armature current characteristics of d.c shunt motor. 9. Show the Torque-Armature current characteristics of d.c compound motor. 10. Show the speed-Armature current characteristics of d.c series motor. 11. Show the speed-Armature current characteristics of d.c shunt motor. 12. Show the speed-Armature current characteristics of d.c compound motor. 13. Show the speed-Torque characteristics of d.c series motor. 14. Show the speed-Torque characteristics of d.c shunt motor. 15. Show the speed-Torque characteristics of d.c compound motor. 16. State the applications of d.c series motor. 17. State the applications of d.c shunt motor. 18. State the applications of d.c compound motor. 19. What is rotating magnetic field? 20. At what speed rotating magnetic field rotates? 21. On which factors the speed of rotating magnetic field depends? 22. For a machine having 4 poles ,find the speed of rotating magnetic field if it is excited by 50 hz supply. 23. Compare the squirrel cage and slip ring rotors used for the induction motors. 24. Can the speed of induction motor be synchronous? Why? 25. What is slip of an induction motor? 26. State the expression of slip. 27. For a 4 pole induction motor the supply frequency is 5o Hz and it is rotating at a speed of 1440 r.p.m.Find its percentage slip and slip speed. 28. On which factors the torque produced in an induction motor depends? 29. State the torque equation? 30. State the condition for the maximum torque for an induction motor. Obtain the magnitude of the maximum torque. 31. State the ratio of full load torque and maximum torque. 32. State the ratio of starting torque and maximum torque. 33. Why single phase induction motors are not self starting? 34. List the methods of making single phase induction motors self starting. 35. State the applications of split phase single phase induction motor. 36. State the applications of capacitor start single phase induction motor. 37. State the applications of shaded pole single phase induction motor. 38. List the limitations of shaded pole single phase induction motor. 39. What is the type of single phase induction motor used in wet grinder? 40. Which are the two types of compound motor? SIXTEEN MARKS QUESTIONS Explain various types of motors along with the voltage and current relationships. Derive the voltage equation for motor. Explain the electric regenerative braking methods used for D.C series motors in traction applications. Explain the conditions necessary to achieve electric regenerative braking.

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5. Draw and explain the various characteristics of D.C shunt motor. 6. Explain the various characteristics of d.c series motor, d.c shunt motor & d.c compound motor. 7. Explain the various applications of d.c series motor, d.c shunt motor & d.c compound motor. 8. Explain the various methods of electric braking for (i)d.c series motor (ii) d.c shunt motor. 9. Explain the various methods of braking an induction motor electrically. 10. Explain the construction of a three phase induction motor. 11. Explain the working principle of a three phase induction motor. 12. Explain regenerative braking of an induction motor. 13. Explain the construction of a single phase induction motor. 14. Explain the working principle of a single phase induction motor. 15. Explain the double revolving field theory. 16. Write a note on split phase induction motors. 17. Is it possible to change the direction of rotation in shaded pole type induction motor? How? 18. Explain the methods of making single phase induction motors self starting. 19. Explain the plugging of an induction motor. 20. Sketch and explain the typical torque-slip characteristics of a three phase induction motor.

UNIT-III-STARTING METHODS FOR DRIVE MOTORS

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS 1. Explain the necessity of starter for a d.c motor. 2. Which are various types of starters used for the d.c shunt motors? 3. Which are various types of starters used for the d.c compound motors? 4. Which are the important components of a three point starter. 5. Which are the important components of a four point starter? 6. What are the advantages of four point starter used for the d.c shunt motors? 7. Which types of starter is used for the d.c series motors? 8. State the disadvantages of four point starter used for the d.c shunt motors? 9. State the function of no volt coil. 10. State the function over load release coil. 11. Which are various types of starters used for the single phase induction motors? 12. Which are various types of starters used for the three phase induction motors? 13. Which starter is used for d.c series motor? 14. Explain the necessity of starter for an induction motor. 15. Draw a neat sketch of two point starter. 16. Draw a neat sketch of three point starter. 17. Draw a neat sketch of four point starter. 18. Draw a neat sketch of D.O.L starter. 19. Draw a neat sketch of auto transformer starter. 20. Draw a neat sketch of stator resistance starter. 21. Draw a neat sketch of star-delta starter. 22. Draw a neat sketch of rotor resistance starter.

23. Draw a neat sketch of electronic starter. 24. What is contactor? 25. What is N.C & N.O in starter? 26. List any four starters used for three phase induction motor. 27. What is direct on line starter? Where is it used? 28. By what factor the starting current gets reduced in star-delta starter? 29. What is the roll of free wheeling diodes in an electronic starter? 30. Which part of an electronic starter acts as NVC of manual starter? How? 31. State the advantages of electronic starter. 32. What are the factors to be considered while studying the starting of electric drive systems? 33. What is the function of magnetizing coil in the DOL starter? 34. What is the function of thermal over load relay in the DOL starter? 35. What is soft starter? 36. What is the another name of automatic starter? 37. What is tacho generator? 38. State the advantages of electronic starter. 39. What is the limitation of rotor resistance starter? 40. What is the limitation of D.O.L starter? SIXTEEN MARKS QUESTIONS 1. Draw the three point D.C starter and explain its working? 2. Draw the four point D.C starter and explain its working? 3. Draw the two point D.C starter and explain its working? 4. Draw the direct on line A.C starter and explain its working? 5. Draw the stator resistance A.C starter and explain its working? 6. Draw the auto transformer A.C starter and explain its working? 7. Draw the star-delta A.C starter and explain its working? 8. Draw the rotor resistance A.C starter and explain its working? 9. Draw and explain the working of contactor type automatic starter. 10. Draw and explain the working of thyristor type electronic starter. 11. Explain soft starting methods for an induction motor. 12. Explain the necessity of starters in case of three phase induction motors. 13. What are the methods of starting of a.c electric motors? 14. Derive the relation between starting torque and full load torque for stator resistance starter. 15. Derive the relation between starting torque and full load torque for auto transformer starter. 16. Derive the relation between starting torque and full load torque for star-delta starter. 17. The full load output power of a d.c shunt motor is 16KW while connected to 250V supply. Calculate the value of the starter resistance necessary to limit the starting current to 1.5 times of full load current. The full load efficiency of the motor is 80% and resistance of the armature circuit is 0.18 ohms. Neglect shunt field current. Also calculate the back e.m.f of the motor when the current has fallen to the full load value, assuming whole of the starter resistance still in the circuit.

18. The following data are, for a 3-Phase slip-ring induction motor: Maximum starting current = Full load current Full load slip = 3% Rotor resistance per phase = 0.025 ohm Calculate the steps in a 5-step rotor resistance starter. 19. A three phase, 400V, 50Hz induction motor has a rotor resistance of 0.1 ohms and standstill reactance 0.9 ohms per phase. The full load slip is 5%.Calculate (1)Full load torque as a percentage of maximum torque and (2)Value of external resistance to be added in the rotor circuit to have 75% 0f maximum torque at start. 20. A 3 phase,6 pole,50 Hz induction motor takes 60A at full load speed of 940 r.p.m develops a torque of 250 N-m.The starting current at rated voltage is 300A.What is starting torque? If a star/delta starter is used determine the starting torque and starting current.

UNIT-IV-CONVENTIONAL AND SOLID STATE SPEED CONTROL OF D.C DRIVES

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS 1. Write the expression for the speed of a d.c motor. 2. Which are the speed control methods used in D.C shunt motors? 3. Which are the speed control methods used in D.C series motors? 4. On which factors the speed of a d.c motor depends? 5. State the advantages of flux control method. 6. State the disadvantages of flux control method. 7. State the advantages of flux control method. 8. State the disadvantages of flux control method. 9. State the advantages of applied voltage control method. 10. State the disadvantages of applied voltage control method. 11. Draw the V-I characteristics of power diode. 12. Draw the V-I characteristics of thyristor. 13. State merits and demerits of thyristor. 14. State merits and demerits of BJT. 15. State the applications of thyristor. 16. State merits and demerits of MOSFET. 17. State the applications of MOSFET. 18. Draw the symbol of P-Channel and N-Channel MOSFET. 19. Draw the V-I characteristics of P-Channel and N-Channel MOSFET. 20. What are the application areas of controlled rectifiers. 21. Show the wave forms of half controlled rectifier feeding R-L load. 22. What do you mean by freewheeling action? 23. Write the voltage expression for single phase semi Converter Bridge. 24. What do you mean by two quadrant converter? 25. Show the wave forms of full controlled rectifier feeding R-L load. 26. Which semiconductor devices are used in d.c choppers? 27. Show the wave forms of step down chopper for L load.

28. What are the solid state speed control methods used in D.C motors? 29. What are the factors affecting performance of chopper? 30. State the classification of chopper based on directions of current. 31. Draw the circuits for class A chopper. 32. Draw the circuits for class B chopper. 33. Draw the circuits for class C chopper. 34. Draw the circuits for class D chopper. 35. Draw the circuits for class E chopper. 36. What are the applications of chopper? 37. How are the d.c drives classified? 38. How are three phase drives classified? 39. What are possible control modes of d.c chopper drive? 40. Write the expression for output voltage in case of 3 phase, half wave, semi converter. 41. Write the expression for output voltage in case of three phase, half wave, full converter. SIXTEEN MARKS QUESTIONS 1. Explain clearly with diagrams thyristor control on D.C side or chopper control on D.C series motor. 2. Explain the field control methods used for D.C series motor for speed control. 3. Speed of a 200V series motor is 800 rpm and takes 60A.If 1/3 of the field turns are cut out , find out the speed, assuming torque to remain constant. Armature resistance is 0.2 ohms field winding resistance is 0.21 ohms. 4. Explain the various factors affecting the speed of a d.c motor and write a note on ratings of a d.c motor. 5. Explain the various speed control methods of D.C series motor. 6. Explain the various speed control methods of D.C shunt motor. 7. Write a note on ward-Leonard system of speed control of D.C motors. 8. Write a note on d.c chopper drives. 9. Write a note on 3 phase semi converter drive. 10. Write a note on 3 phase full converter drive. 11. Explain basic principle of phase controlled operation. 12. Explain working of single phase semi converter with the wave forms for resistive load. 13. Explain working of single phase semi converter with the wave forms for inductive load. 14. Derive expressions for average output voltage and rms value of output voltage for single phase half converter with resistive load. 15. Explain working of single phase full converter with the wave forms for resistive load. 16. Explain working of single phase semi converter with the wave forms for inductive load. 17. Draw neat circuit diagram of step down chopper and explain the principle of operation with the help of waveforms.

18. Draw neat circuit diagram of step up chopper and explain the principle of operation with the help of waveforms. 19. Compare half controlled converter and full controlled converter. 20. Compare controlled rectifiers and choppers.

UNIT-V-CONVENTIONAL AND SOLID STATE SPEED CONTROL OF A.C DRIVES

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS 1. What are the broad speed control methods used in three phase induction motors? 2. How reduced voltage starting of induction motors is achieved? 3. What are the disadvantages of adding the external resistance in the rotor circuit? 4. What do you mean by cascading of motors? 5. Define cumulative cascading. 6. Define differential cascading. 7. Draw the torque-slip characteristics for motor using V/f control method. 8. Draw the torque-slip characteristics for motor using supply voltage control. 9. Draw the torque-slip characteristics for motor using rotor resistance control. 10. Draw the torque-speed characteristics for stator frequency control. 11. Draw the circuit diagram for conventional Kramer system. 12. Draw the circuit diagram for conventional Scherbius system. 13. Name the methods of injecting slip frequency e.m.f in to the rotor circuit. 14. State the disadvantages of cascade control. 15. What is pole amplitude modulation method? 16. State limitations of multiple stator winding method. 17. What is consequent poles method? 18. How ac voltage regulators are classified? 19. Draw the circuit for 3 phase ac voltage regulator feeding 3 wire star connected load. 20. Draw the circuit for 3 phase ac voltage regulator feeding 3 wire delta connected load. 21. Draw various configurations for inverters used to obtain variable voltage, variable frequency supply. 22. What do you mean by voltage source inverter? 23. What do you mean by current source inverter? 24. Distinguish between voltage source inverter and current source inverter. 25. What do you mean by a cycloconverter? 26. What do you mean by PWM? 27. How many modes of conduction are possible in 3 phase voltage source inverters? 28. Write the expression for the speed of the rotor in terms of slip and synchronous speed in 3 phase induction motor. 29. Write the expression for the torque of the 3 phase induction motor. 30. Write the expression for the synchronous speed of the 3 phase induction motor.

31. What are the methods of changing number of stator poles in 3 phase induction motor? 32. What do you mean by inverter? 33. What do you mean by feedback? 34. Define modulation index. 35. What do you mean by chopper? 36. What do you mean by duty cycle? 37. Draw the torque-speed characteristics for static rotor resistance control. 38. What do you mean by cycloconverter? 39. Write down disadvantages of current source inverter. 40. Write down disadvantages of voltage source inverter. SIXTEEN MARKS QUESTIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Explain working of half bridge inverter with the help of waveforms. Explain working of single phase bridge inverter with the help of waveforms. Explain briefly CSI. Write advantages and disadvantages of CSI. Write a note on modified sinusoidal PWM. Write a note on feed back operation in inverters. Explain briefly the techniques of voltage control of single phase inverters. How speed of an induction motor can be controlled? Explain the V/f control of an induction motor. Explain the supply voltage control method. Why this method is rarely used in practice? 10. How speed of an induction motor is controlled by controlling the number of stator poles? 11. Explain the pole amplitude modulation method. 12. How speed of an induction motor is controlled by adding an external resistance in the rotor circuit? 13. Explain the cascade control of the two induction motors. 14. Explain the working of Kramer system with neat circuit diagram. 15. Explain the working of Scherbius system with neat circuit diagram. 16. How speed control of 3 phase induction motor is achieved using ac voltage regulators? 17. How speed control of induction motor is achieved using voltage source inverter? 18. Explain the speed control of induction motor is achieved by stator current control method? 19. Explain static rotor resistance control method. 20. Write notes on cyclo converter fed induction motor drive.