THE NATIONAL TEACHERS COLLEGE Nepomuceno St.

, Quiapo Manila

SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDIES

AN ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES COLLEGE, VALENZUELA CITY

I. INTRODUCTION Organizational theory is the sociological study of formal social organization such as school businesses, and bureaucracies , and their interrelationship with the environment in which they operate. It complements the studies of organizational behavior and human resource studies. Most theories and designs applied to educational setting originated elsewhere- mainly in the business world. The commonly applied theories come from the field of organizational theory, which originated with a focus on individuals and groups in an organization and how to increase their productivity. Later, movements focused on the social and psychological needs of people in an organization as a way to help an organization meet its goals. Recent theories also account for the complexity of social groupings and communication in modern organizations, including schools and other educational institutions. In an educational institution, theories can help administrators by giving them the benefit of different perspectives. They can compare their observations against theories that have combined and synthesized the experience of others. In addition, theories and designs allow educational leaders to predict the outcome of their decisions. By examining relevant theories, an administrator has an idea on what reactions and outcomes to expect from certain actions or policies. As organizations are implemented overtime, many people experimented as to which organizational theory was best. These theories of organizations include bureaucracy, rationalization or scientific management, and the division of labor. Each theory provides distinct

advantages and disadvantages when implemented. In this studies, the organizational structure of Our Lady of Lourdes College, Valenzuela City was analyzed, The existing organizational theory and design being observed and applied by the school was also explained in order to evaluate how effective the theory is in terms of accomplishing the school's vision-mission . II. BRIEF HISTORY OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES COLLEGE The Our Lady of Lourdes College was initially conceived by its founders Mr. Alfredo D. Demetillo and Dr. Adelia C. Demetillo as an educational institution primarily to serve the educative needs of the youth of Valenzuela City. The Pre School was officially established in 1986 with a modest enrollment if 17 kindergarten pupils. The Grade School opened in 1987 with 222 students. Four years later, 88 students of the first batch graduated from the High School Department. In just a few years, this learning institution has grown far beyond what was originally envisioned. Today, OLLC is considered one of the most progressive schools and is gaining reputation for its commitment to serve not only the well -to- do but also the poor but deserving students. In 1994, the College Department started and offered four courses namely, Bachelor of Elementary Education, Bachelor of Secondary Education, Business Administration, and Bachelor of Science in Accountancy. The growth of OLLC is accelerative in both the human and material resources providing the academic community with an environment conducive to learning. The short but colorful and dynamic history of the OLLC signifies a continuing development in providing quality education that its clienteles deserve. III. OLLC VISION - MISSION VISION OLLC envisions a challenging future with ample and rich opportunities where technological competencies and skills equip one for global competitiveness. OLLC members are achievers and sharers of their gifts, talents, and endowments.

MISSION In response, OLLC commits itself to provide quality education through a general education enhanced by an up to date ICT programs that foster the character formation of one who is selfreliant, nurtured by the positive Filipino cultural heritage and values. IV. INTERPRETATION OF OLLC ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN Choosing an organizational structure is an essential step in the process of opening and operating an educational organization like OUR LADY OF LOURDES COLLEGE. It creates many impacts on how an organization operates. An organizational structure describes bow the authority flows from one structure to the other. Our Lady of Lourdes College is a sole proprietorship private non- sectarian educational institution. It is an institution exclusively owned, managed, and controlled by a single person. Although the school is single proprietorship in nature, the organizational design as gleaned from the structure was patterned from HENRY FAYOL'S ADMINISTRATIVE PRINCIPLE OF MANAGEMENT.(ADMINJSTRATIVE THEORY). The administrative theory is based on several principles of management and one of which is the concept of LINE AND STAFF where the OLLC organizational chart belongs. The line and staff organization combines the line organization w here , the top management , no less than the President has complete control with staff departments that support and advise the line departments. A wide variety of positions exist within a line and staff organization .The line positions are occupied by line managers which include the three vice presidents, the executive officer, the directors of the different departments, the deans of the college department, principals, and ,heads of other administrative offices. These officers are directly involved in the day- to- day operation of the school such as: 1. providing educational and moral leadership among the staff , faculty, and students . 2. organizing, directing, distributing, clarifying , and coordinating the administrative and academic functions of the institution 3. executing and implementing the department's administrative and academic policies. 4. interpreting to teachers, parents, students, and the community the educational philosophy

and objectives that support the OLLC instructional programs 5. presenting for approval to the President short and long range plans for the development of the departments. 6. maintaining reasonable and wholesome order and discipline in the departments The line managers as mentioned above make the majority of the decisions and direct the line personnel which include the teachers and support staff to carry out the primary activities of the department. One significant observation in the OLLC structure is the fact that the line managers cannot initiate the plan o the department unless approved by the President or the Directress in the absence of the President. Hence, it can be said that authority to decide on all matters pertaining to school activities and plans is highly centralized. One good feature of the OLLC organizational design is that it follows some principles of management formulated by HENRY FAYOL. To wit;
A.

DIVISION OF WORK -OLLC employees are specialized in their respective fields, hence, they become increasingly skilled and efficient. AUTHORITY- Managers like the Principals have the authority to give orders as approved by the President/Directress, but they must also keep in mind that with authority comes responsibility. DISCIPLINE -must be upheld in the school by adhering to its rules and regulations. UNITY OF COMMAND- where the teachers in one department receive order direct from the Principal SUBORDINATION OF INDIVIDUAL INTEREST TO THE GENERAL INTEREST -where the OLLC considers decision for the interest of the group and not for an individual employee alone. SCALAR CHAIN- where the OLLC employees are aware of where they stand in the organization's hierarchy or chain of command. ORDER- The OLLC workplace facilities are clean, tidy, and safe for employees. ESPRIT DE CORPS- where all employees strive to promote team spirit and unity. UNITY OF DIRECTION-where teams or personnel with the same objective are working together under the direction of one manager to ensure that action is properly coordinated.

B.

C. D.

E.

F.

G. H. I.

Of the 14 principles of management formulated by Fayol, the following were not fully observed:
A.

REMUNERATION -some employees are not given the right financial compensation due for them. Since the school is a private nonsectarian institution employees may leave the school if they are not contented with their salary. CENTRALIZATION-refers to how close employees are to the decision -making process. Decision on school matters emanates from the President/Directress. Suggestions from subordinates were also heard but final decision is in the hands of the Top Official and not based on majority decision. EQUITY - There may be some cases in the school where managers but not all are not fair to staff at all times. STABILITY OF TENURE OF PERSONNEL- Employees in a private school like OLLC can be removed from the service in spite of their position as permanent employees unlike in a government school where permanent teachers cannot be right there and then removed from teaching without passing through the usual process. INITIATIVE- Employees are not given the necessary level of freedom to create and carry out the plans. The existing OLLC organizational design, as it is analyzed creates conflict sometimes due

B.

C.

D.

E.

to different positions and types of authority within a line -and staff organization. Although, minimal conflict due to differences in viewpoints is natural, conflict on the part of line and staff personnel can disrupt an entire organization. Some conflicts observed in the organization include: a. poor human relation b. overlapping authority and responsibility c. misuse of staff personnel by top management In an educational institution, it can be said that there is no perfect organizational design or structure. The success of any institution really depends on how each member works and contributes in the organization and the teamwork existing among the members of the organization.

V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION The existing organizational design of Our Lady of Lourdes College may be considered as Line and Staff which is a part of Henry Fayols Administrative Management design. Henry Fayol was famous because of his development of 14 most important principles of Management. Essentially, these principles explained how managers should organize and interact with staff. FAYOLS 14 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT was one of the earliest theories of management to be created, and remains one of the most comprehensive. However, the said 14 principles may not at all be observed in an organization like OLLC. Analysis of the OLLC structure revealed that five of the 14 principles were not fully observed. These include REMUNERATION, CENTRALIZATION, EQUITY, STABILITY OF TENURE OF PERSONNEL, and INITIATIVE. The reason primarily is because there is no such organization as a perfect organization. The owners perception of how a certain private educational institution should work may also affect the schools operation. Line and staff organization combine the direct flow of authority present within a line organization with staff departments that offer support and advice. A clear chain of command is a consistent characteristic among line and staff organizational structures. Problems of conflict may arise, but organizations that clearly delineate responsibility can help minimize such conflict.

PREPARED AND SUBMITTED BY: Michael A. Figueroa

SUBMITTED TO: Dr. Jameson Tan

Professor

THE NATIONAL TEACHERS COLLEGE Nepomuceno St., Quiapo Manila

SCHOOL OF ADVANCED STUDIES

AN ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN OF OUR LADY OF LOURDES COLLEGE, VALENZUELA CITY

SUBJECT: ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY AND DESIGN SUBMITTED BY: MICHAEL A. FIGUEROA

SUBMITTED TO: DR. JAMESON TAN Professor