New Century Mathematics

2. Equations of Straight Lines

Overview

2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

Content 2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

4A Chapter 2 P.2

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

4A Chapter 2 P.3

2.1 A Two-point Form

In Fig. 1, two points A(x1 , y1) and B(x2 , y2) are given. If P(x , y) is any point on the straight line AB, then

The equation written in this form is known as the two-point form of a straight line.

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

2.1 B Point-slope Form

4A Chapter 2 P.4

The equation of the straight line with slope m and passing through A(x1 , y1) is

An equation written in this form is known as the point-slope form of a straight line.

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

2.1 C Slope-intercept Form

4A Chapter 2 P.5

Given that the slope of a straight line is m, and the y-intercept of the line is c, then

An equation written in this form is known as the slope-intercept form of a straight line.

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

2.1 D Intercept Form

4A Chapter 2 P.6

In Fig. 4, a straight line with x-intercept a and y-intercept b where a 0 and b 0 is given, then the equation of the straight line is

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

2.1 E Equations of Special Straight Lines

4A Chapter 2 P.7

Straight lines parallel to the y-axis (Vertical Lines)

The equation of L1 is

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

2.1 E Equations of Special Straight Lines (cont.)

4A Chapter 2 P.8

Straight lines parallel to the x-axis (Horizontal Lines)

The equation of L2 is

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2.1 Equations of Straight Lines

2.1 E Equations of Special Straight Lines (cont.)

4A Chapter 2 P.9

Straight lines passing through the origin

The equation of L3 which passes through the origin and another point (a , b) is

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2.2 Number of Points of Intersection of Two Straight Lines

2.2 Number of Points of Intersection of Two Straight Lines

4A Chapter 2 P.10

Let the equations of two lines be

(a) If the slopes are different (i.e. m1 m2 ) then have only one point of intersection.

and

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2.2 Number of Points of Intersection of Two Straight Lines

2.2 Number of Points of Intersection of Two Straight Lines (cont.)

4A Chapter 2 P.11

(b) If the slopes are equal but the y-intercept are different (i.e. m1 = m2 and c1 c2 ), then intersection. and have no points of

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2.2 Number of Points of Intersection of Two Straight Lines

2.2 Number of Points of Intersection of Two Straight Lines (cont.)

4A Chapter 2 P.12

(c) If the slopes and the y-intercepts are both equal (i.e. m1 = m2 and c1 = c2), then and have infinitely many points of intersection.

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New Century Mathematics

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