OMEGA TUITION CENTRE

Students name : ____________________________________ ________________________ Teachers Name : Mr Chew Chin Kuen Subject : Chemistry Form 5 Class Attend : 5 Chemistry 6 Chapter 1 : Rate of reaction lesson 7 : 2nd Feb 2013 (2.30 4.30 PM)

Paper 2

As catalyst

Manganese (IV) oxide / Iron (III) oxide

Rate of reaction is inversely proportional with time, as the rate of reaction decreased with time

reaction is completed

mol of KClO3 = MV / 1000 ; mol of KClO3 = (1.0)(4.0)/1000 = 0.004 mol From equation 2 mol KClO3 = 1 mol of O2 mol of O2 = 0.002 mol V of O2 = mol x Vm ; V of O2 = 0.002 mol x 24 dm3 / mol = 0.048 dm3 @ 48 cm3

Rate

= (48 cm3 - 0) / (45 s - 0) = 1.067 cm3 / s

all hydrochloric acid in the mixture is used up

Mass of CO2 / g

Time / s at the first 60 rate = 3.5 - 0.0 / 60 - 0 = 0.583 g / s

By using marble in powder form / increase the temperature / add concentration of HCl

Fe (s) + H2SO4 (aq) FeSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)

; mol = 3.0 / 56 = 0.0536 mol mol of H2SO4 = MV / 1000 ; mol = (0.5)(30) / 1000 mol = 0.015 mol (limitant) since 1 mol of H2SO4 = 1 mol of H2 ; mol of H2 = 0.015 mol Vgas = mol x Vm @ Vgas = 0.015 x 24 Vgas = 0.36 dm3 @ 360 cm3

mol of Fe = mass / Ar

Even though the type of acid used are different, but the mol of H+ is the same for both H2SO4 and HCl, since H2SO4 is a diproctic acid, while HCl is a monoproctic acid

Rate of reaction in C is higher than A, since catalyst is add into the mixture, CuSO4 helps to lower the activation energy by providing alternative routes for reaction to occur

The temperature used in Exp B is higher than A. This will increase the kinetic energy of particles hence caused the collision between reactants become more rapids

Mg (s) + 2 H+ (aq) Mg2+ (aq) + H2 (g)

Since ethanoic acid is weak acid while HCl is strong acid. the concentration of H+ in HCl is higher, hence caused a higher frequency of effective collision

Since the amount of H+ given by H2SO4 is 2 times greater than amount of H+ given by HCl. Higher the concentration of H+, higher the frequency of effective collision

Rate of reaction in S is higher than Q, since catalyst is add into the mixture, CuSO4 helps to lower the activation energy by providing alternative routes for reaction to occur

Time taken for the reaction to occur will be lower than 35 second, as temperature increase, rate of reaction also increase. This is due to, particles has higher kinetic energy which caused a higher frequency of effective collision.

Carbon dioxide gas is liberated when limestone reacts with dilute acids. Figure below shows the volume of carbon dioxide gas collected at room conditions during the duration of the reaction.

(a)

Write an equation for the reaction of limestone with dilute hydrochloric acid.

CaCO3 (s) + 2 HCl (aq) CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l) .
(b) (i) How long did the reaction last?

210 s
(ii) (iii)

70 cm What is the total volume of carbon dioxide gas evolved? .

Calculate the average speed of the reaction.

Rate = 70 / 210 = 0.33 cm3 / s

(c) Calculate the rate of reaction at t = 60 s and t = 90 s. At 60 s, rate = (80 - 40) / (120 - 30) = 0.444 cm3 / s At 90 s, rate = (80 - 50) / (165 - 30) = 0.222 cm3 / s

(d)

Calculate the mass of limestone reacted.

mol = 70 / 24000 cm3 / mol = 0.00292 mol From the chemical equation ; 1 mol of CO2 = 1 mol of CaCO3 Hence mol of CaCO3 = 0.00292 mol Mass of CaCO3 = mol x RMM ; mol = 0.00292 mol x [40 + 12 + 3(16)] mass = 0.292 g Using mol of CO2 = V / Vm ; (e) The concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 0.25 mol dm-3. Calculate the volume of hydrochloric acid reacted. From mol of CO2 reacted = 0.00292 mol ; Since 2 mol HCl = 1 mol CO2 ; mol of HCl = 0.00146 mol Volume of HCl = mol x 1000 / M ; VHCl = 0.00146 x 1000 / 0.25 VHCl = 5.84 cm3

Figure below shows the set-up used to investigate the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.

The volume of carbon dioxide was recorded at 10-minute intervals under room conditions. Some of the calcium carbonate remained undissolved at the end of the experiment. The results of the experiment are given in the following table. Time (min) Volume of CO2 collected (cm3) (a)
2-

0 0

20 700

40 975

60 1140

80 1175

100 1200

120 1200

Write an ionic equation for the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid.

3 2 2 . (b) (i) Complete the table below.

CO

(s) + 2 H+ (aq) + CO (g) + H O (l)

Time interval (min) 0 - 20 20 - 40 40 - 60 60 - 80

Volume of gas collected (cm3)

700 275 165 25

(ii) Explain the variation in the volumes of carbon dioxide collected during these intervals. Volume of the gas collected decrease with the interval time due to the amount of reactants used for the reaction become smaller with time. Hence the amount of product obtained will be lower with time (c) Why did the reaction stop after 100 minutes?