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Less Samples Cause a Low 3G to 2G HO Success Rate 1 Introduction 2G3G interoperability is a common and frequent problem in 3G optimization work. There already have many ways to optimize this problem. This document shows you a different situation that the current 2G network cannot reselect to 3G then find a new way by analyzing user behavior and Mathematical deduction and bring up a new index Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio to solve this problem at last. 2 Description 3G Operator network has been put into commercial. The Inter-RAT handover succe ss rate of is Unstable, the value is between 60% to 85%. Both of the two RNCs are t he same and all the parameters are correct. After continually optimization work, the Inter-RAT handover success rate grow up t o 80%-90% but still unstable seems cannot be improved anymore.

3 Analysis The NUM of Inter-RAT handover is so little that some accidental failures will have great effect on the KPI. At the same time we did DT for the Inter-RAT handover, the detail information about the DT as below: 1>3G to 2G handover test Date : 28-Apr afternoon.

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Equipment : ZTE T7(test phone) & Nokia E62(compare to each other). Method : First, we let the two phones under 3G service. Then, select the phone to auto network selection mode. Then, one phone call the other and start to drive out of Bulawayo in four direction. ke ep the connection until it handover to 2G or drop. Result: All the road out of Bulawayo have handover to 2G successfully. Source 3G cell CID,PSC Time 15:37:54 12042,8 4 15:56:07 12071,1 01 16:16:24 12171,1 70 16:43:02 12141,1 24 17:02:50 12081,1 02 Location Ilanda_1 Montrose_1 Nkulumane_ 1 Entumbane_ 1 CELL Belmont PO_ 2 320 07 320 02 106 14 106 13 202 40 LOBENGULA1 KHUMALONRT2 NKULUMANE1 MONTROSE3 ILANDA3 CID CELL Target 2G cell

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2G to 3G reselection test Date : 28-Apr afternoon. Equipment : ZTE T7(test phone) & Nokia E62(compare to each other). Method : First, we let the two phones under 2G service. Then, select the phone to auto network selection mode. Then, keep two phones in idle mode and drive around the dense urban of Bulawayo, w here the 3G signal is very good.

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Result: We drive about two hours, but the two phones never reselect to 3G. Conclusion: 1>The function and parameter settings of 3G to 2G handover is OK. 2>2G cannot reselect to 3G, where it should do. (usually, where if 3G Ec/Io>-12db, UE should reselect to 3G automatically) The test result shows the 3G to 2G handover is OK, but 2G cannot reselect to 3G.

2>User behavior analysis and Mathematical deduction After Communication we find Operator forbid 2G reselect to 3G, because they are afraid the poor 3G coverage will cause a lot of complains and they think this 2G strate gy will have no effect on 3G inter-RAT HO success rate, so they insist 3G part to solv e the problem alone. According to this situation, I decide to do a theoretical analysis and send this repo rt in written form then push Operator to solve. The user behavior analysis and Mathem atical deduction as below:

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figure2 Mathematical deduction about the less samples cause a low 3G to 2G HO Success Rate Explain: For the succeed ones, they will stay in 2G and will never come back in c ase they restart the phone or reselect to 3G manually. I have asked many people that very few of them do like this, so that the Success NUM will decrease a lot and the To tal NUM will decrease as well. For the Failure ones, they will stay in 3G and keep on making failures. So the Fail NUM will keep more or less the same. So ,the situation will become:

The 3G->2G HO success rate will surely decrease a lot. 3>Bring up a new index for further analysis From the analysis above, we can see the total samples will decrease a lot, but ho w much exactly? We need a reliable estimate . How to estimate? The best way is refer to the normal commercial network. Here I bring up a new index called Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio . The formul

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a is: Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio= NUM of Inter-RAT HO/Traffic. This index r eflect how many Inter-RAT HO will happened while one Erl traffic was come out(or one MB). Its easy to understand that if the 3G coverage is good this value will be smaller, otherwise this value will be bigger, theres a case need to pay attention , this index s hould calculate separately by CS & PS service. Now I use the existing date to calculate the value: 1>Operator A 3G network Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio Inter-RAT HO to T Begin time raffic Ratio (CS,Er l) 2011-01-10 18.4057971 Inter-RAT HO to T raffic Ratio(PS,M B) 1.83565972

2>Operator B Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio Inter-RAT HO to T Begin time raffic Ratio(CS,Erl) Inter-RAT HO to T raffic Ratio(PS,M B) 2011-09-10 2011-09-11 2011-09-12 2011-09-13 2011-09-14 2011-09-15 2011-09-16 5.422366819 6.829227666 6.077752884 6.129878094 6.039713496 6.493291552 6.444757408 1.329927001 1.732457781 1.683087374 1.73063497 1.926980134 2.077293214 1.997815984

3>Current Operator 3G network Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio Numb Number of attem Begin ti me pted out going CS inter-RA T hando vers er of Cell T raffic Volu me, C S(Erl) Inter-RAT HO to Tr affic Ratio (CS,Erl) attem pted outgoi ng PS inter -RAT hando vers Total PS Traffic MB Inter-RAT HO to Tr affic Ratio (PS,MB )

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2012-0514 2012-0515 2012-0516 2012-0517 2012-0518 2012-0519 2012-0520 454 499.6 608 486.3 928 491.0 356 500.2 817 475.5 364 515.2 625 507.8 369 0.86751124 4 0.97784312 6 1.45556876 3 0.93730880 9 0.90861640 5 0.91695436 3 1.05491333 1163 10984.809 24 10330.947 0.10587348 2 0.11915655

446

1231

518

1222

10020.576 44 10412.226 78 9370.5292 16 10472.070 1 10478.549 78

0.12194907 2 0.12370072 5 0.14812397 1 0.16071321

434

1288

465

1388

750

1683

476

1377

0.13141131 4

Because the radio environment of Operator A have a great difference with Current Operator So the Operator B date is more useful to reference but the coverage of Ope rator B is much more better than Current Operator, according to the formula the value of Current Operator will be bigger than Operator B Conservative estimate:Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio(CS,Erl)>5, Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio(PS,MB )>1, That is: the NUM of Inter-RAT CS HO should >2500, the NUM of Inter-RAT PS HO should >10000; So, the Inter-RAT HO success rate should more than 95%. S olution and Result According to the plan, on 14:00,6JUN Telecel modified one BSCs 2G ->3G reselecti on parameter, detail is: Qsearch_I =7 FDD_Qoffset =0 FDD_Qmin =7 Means: While in GSM model the UE(support both 2G and 3G) will always search for 3G si gnal. When the Ec/Io of 3G signal is better than-12db, the UE will start to reselect from 2G to 3G. Because the result is very good in the following 2 days after the parameter modifi cation, Current Operator did parameter modification to the other BSC. After checking K PIs for several days we find after the modification the Inter-RAT HO success rate have grown up a lot and kept on stable, other KPIs like Traffic volume, NUM of access also

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increase a lot. Current Operator Radio manager is very satisfied with the result. The KPIs changes after 2G parameter modification as below:

figure3 NUM of inter-RAT HO changes

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figure4 Inter-RAT HO success rate changes

figure5 NUM of Access changes

figure6 Traffic changes

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After the KPIs became normal the Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio turn to: Numb Number of attem Begin ti me pted out going CS inter-RA T hando vers er of Cell T raffic Volu me, C S(Erl) Inter-RAT HO to Tr affic Ratio (CS,Erl) attem pted outgoi ng PS inter -RAT hando vers 2012-0618 2012-0619 2012-0620 2012-0621 2012-0622 2012-0623 2012-0624 5 Conclusion This document find a new way by analyzing user behavior and Mathematical deduc tion and bring up a new index Inter-RAT HO to Traffic Ratio to solve the 23G inter operability problem at last.. 12639 1213. 6667 1208. 4864 1175. 8292 1206. 15 1279. 5175 1394. 7425 1172. 0358 10.4138969 9 10.9384764 3 10.8944394 3 10.7540521 5 11.3386491 4 12.0473850 9 11.9962205 9 47366 54943 47976 47125 48127 45696 44454 16959.742 96 16325.896 86 17455.973 21 18305.446 48 18195.402 32 17206.769 29 16965.943 07 2.57437042 3 2.63671004 2 3.19310377 6 2.7918283 2.62114821 6 2.79898864 9 2.75705052 Total PS Traffic MB Inter-RAT HO to Tr affic Ratio (PS,MB)

13219

12810

12971

14508

16803

14060

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10