Brand Name: Pritor plus

Generic Name: Hydrochlorothiazide

Indication: Edema, Hypertension
Drug Classification: Antihypertensive (angiotension II antagonist with diuretic)
Mechanism of Action: A thiazide diuretic that increases sodium by inhibiting sodium
and chloride reabsorption in distal segment of the nephron.
Dosage: Edema – Adults: 25 to 100 mg P.O daily or intermittently; up to 200 mg
initially for several days until dry weight is attained.
Hypertension – Adults: 12.5 to 50 mg P.O once daily. Daily dose increase or
decreased based on the BP
Children ages 2 to 12:2.2 mg/kg or 60 mg/m2 daily in two divided doses.
Usual dosage range is 37.5 to 100mg/day.
Children ages 6 months to 2 years: 2.2 mg/kg or 60 mg/m2 daily in two
divided doses. Usual dosage range is 12.5 to 37.5 mg/day.
Children younger that age 6 months: Up to 3.3 mg/kg. P.O daily in two divided
doses.
Special Precaution: Impaired Hepatic and renal function
Pregnancy Risk Category: B
Adverse Reaction: CNS: dizziness, vertigo , headache, paresthesia, weakness,
restlessness. CV: orthosstatic hypotension, allergic myocarditis,
vasculitis. GI: anorexia, nausea, pancreatitis, epigastric distress,
vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation.
GU: polyuria, frequent urination, renal failure, interstitial nephritis.
Hematologic: aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia. Hepatic: Jaundicei
Metabolic: asymptomatic hyperuricemia; hypokalemia;
hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance; fluid and electrolyte
impbalances, including dilutional hyponatremia and hypochloremia;
metabolic alkalosis; hyperkalemia; volume depletion and dehydration.
MUSCULOSKELETAL: muscle cramps
RESPIRATORY: respiratory distress, pneumonitis
SKIN: dermatitis, photosensitivity reactions, rash, purpura, alopecia
Other: hypersensitivity reactions, gout, anaphylactic reactions.
Contraindications: Contraindication in patients with anuria and patients
hypersensitive to other thiamizides or other sulfonamide derivatives.
Form: Capsules: 12.5 mg
 Oral solution: 50mg/5 ml
Tablets: 25 mg, 50 mg. 100 mg
Nursing Responsibility:
 Use cautiously in children and in patients with sever renal disease, impaired
hepatic function, or progressive hepatic disease.
 To prevent nocturia, give drug in the morning.
 Monitor fluid intake and output, weight, blood pressure, and electrolyte
levels.
 Watch for signs and symptoms of hypokalemia, such s muscle weakness
and cramps. Drug may be used with potassium – sparing diuretic to prevent
potassium loss.
 Consult prescriber and dietitian about a high- potassium diet. Foods rich in
potassium include citrus fruits, tomatoes, bananas, apricots, and dates.
 Monitor creatinine and BUN levels regularly. Cumulative effects of drugs
may occur with impaired renal function.
 Monitor uric acid level, especially in patients with history of gout.
 Monitor glucose levels, especially in diabetic patients.
 Monitor elderly patients, who are especially susceptible to excessive
diuresis.
 Discontinue thiazides and thiazide like diuretic before parathyroid function
tests.
 In patients with hypertension, therapeutic response may be delayed several
weeks.