STUDY OF GSM MODULE

Architecture of GSM

EXPT. No. :

DATE:

STUDY OF GSM MODULE

AIM: To study the GSM SIM 300 Module and its AT commands with their response. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED: GSM SIM 300 Module RS 232 SIM card(with contact and Messages) PC with Hyperterminal

THEORY: GSM(Global System for Mobile): GSM is a complete standard that includes specifications of air-interface as well as fixed wired infrastructure to support several services. The global system for mobile(GSM) is an ETSI standard for 2G-European digital cellular with international roaming. In 1982 the frequency bands of 890 915 MHz and 935 960 MHz were allocated for Pan-European Public Land Area Network and this frequency band is still used for 2G Networks. GSM is an integrated voice-data service that provides number of services beyond cellular telephone. These services are broadly classified as Teleservices Teleservices provide communication between two end user applications according to standard protocol. Example : Emergency calls and SMS Bearer Services Bearer Services provide capabilities to transmit information among user-network interface or access point. Example : Synchronous and Asynchronous data Supplementary Services Supplementary services is not a stand alone services but they are services that supplement either teleservices of bearer services. Example : Call forwarding.

ARCHITECHTURE OF GPRS

ARCHITECHTURE OF GSM: The GSM technical specifications define the different entities that form the GSM network by defining their functions and interface requirements. The GSM network can be divided into four main parts: Mobile Station A Mobile Station consists of two main elements: The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM): It is protected by a four-digit Personal Identification Number (PIN). In order to identify the subscriber to the system, the SIM card contains amongst others a unique International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI). User mobility is provided through maping the subscriber to the SIM card rather than the terminal as we done in past cellular systems. Mobile equipment/terminal (ME): There are different types of terminals (MN) distinguished principally by their power and application: `fixed' terminals mainly installed in cars. Their maximum allowed output power is 20W portable terminals can also be installed in vehicles. Their maximum allowed output power is 8W. handheld terminals; their popularity is owed to their weight and volume, which is continuously decreasing. According to some specification these terminals may emit up to 0.8W. However, as technology has evolved their maximum allowed power ouput is limited to 0.1W. The Mobile Station (MS). The Base Station Subsystem (BSS). The Network and Switching Subsystem (NSS). The Operation and Support Subsystem (OSS).

Base Station Subsystem The BSS provides the interface between the ME and the NSS. It is in charge of the transmission and reception. It may be divided into two parts: Base Station Controller (BSC): It controls a group of BTSs and manages their radio ressources. A BSC is principally in charge of handoffs, frequency hopping, exchange functions and power control over each managed BTSs. Base Transceiver Station (BTS) or Base Station: it maps to transceivers and antennas used in each cell of the network. It is usually placed in the center of a cell. Its transmitting power defines the size of a cell. Each BTS has between 1-16 transceivers depending on the density of users in the cell. Network and Switching Subsystem Its main role is to manage the communications between the mobile users and other users, such as mobile users, ISDN users, fixed telephony users, etc. It also includes data bases needed in order to store

AT COMMAND

OUTPUT

RESULT

information about the subscribers and to manage their mobility. The different components of the NSS are described below. MSC: the central component of the NSS. The MSC performs the switching functions of the network. It also provides connection to other networks. GMSC: A gateway that interconnects two networks: the cellular network and the PSTN. It is in charge of routing calls from the fixed network towards a GSM user. The GMSC is often implemented in the same machines as the MSC. HLR: The HLR stores information of the suscribers belonging to the coverage area of a MSC; it also stores the current location of these subscribers and the services to which they have access. The location of the subscriber maps to the SS7 address of the Visitor Location Register (VLR) associated to the MN. VLR: contains information from a subscriber's HLR necessary to provide the subscribed services to visiting users. When a subscriber enters the covering area of a new MSC, the VLR associated to this MSC will request information about the new subscriber to its corresponding HLR. The VLR will then have enough data to assure the subscribed services without needing to ask the HLR each time a communication is established. The VLR is always implemented together with a MSC; thus, the area under control of the MSC is also the area under control of the VLR. Authentication Center (AuC): It serves security purposes; it provides the parameters needed for authentication and encryption functions. These parameters allow verification of the subscriber's identity. Equipment Identity Register (EIR): EIR stores security-sensitive information about the mobile equipments. It maintains a list of all valid terminals as identified by their International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI). The EIR allows then to forbid calls from stolen or unauthorized terminals (e.g, a terminal which does not respect the specifications concerning the output RF power). GSM Interworking Unit (GIWU): The GIWU provides an interface to various networks for data communications. During these communications, the transmission of speech and data can be alternated. SIM 300 MODULE: A Subscriber Identity Module is an Integrated Circuit that securely stores the IMSI and related key used to identify and authenticate subscriber on mobile telephone service. The SIM was initially specified by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute in the specification with the number TS 11.11. This specification describes the physical and logical behaviour of the SIM. With the development of UMTS the specification work was partially transferred to 3GPP. 3GPP is now responsible for the further development of applications like SIM (TS 51.011) and USIM (TS 31.102) and ETSI for the further development of the physical card UICC. Designed for global market, SIM300 is a Tri-band GSM/GPRS engine that works on frequencies EGSM 900 MHz, DCS 1800 MHz and PCS1900 MHz. SIM300 provides GPRS multi-slot class 10 capability and support the GPRS coding schemes CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4.

AT COMMAND

OUTPUT

RESULT

The physical interface to the mobile application is made through a 60 pins board-to-board connector, which provides all hardware interfaces between the module and customers boards except the RF antenna interface. The SIM300 is designed with power saving technique, the current consumption to as low as 2.5mA in SLEEP mode. This GSM Modem can accept any GSM network operator SIM card and act just like a mobile phone with its own unique phone number. Advantage of using this modem will be that you can use its RS232 port to communicate and develop embedded applications. Applications like SMS Control, data transfer, remote control and logging can be developed easily. The modem can either be connected to PC serial port directly or to any microcontroller. FEATURES Highly Reliable for 24x7 operation with Matched Antenna Status of Modem Indicated by LED Simple to Use & Low Cost

GSM SIM 300 MODULE INCLUDES : GSM Modem Assemble and Tested GSM - 3dB Antenna 12V/1.5A SMPS RS 232 Interface

ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION: FEATURE Power Supply IMPLEMENTATION Voltage 12V Current 750mAh(minimum) Class 4 (2W) at EGSM 900 Class 4 (1W) at DCS1800 & PCS 1900 Normal Operation : -20C to 55C Restricted Operation : -25C to -20C and 55C to 70C Storage Operation : -25C to 70C

Transmit Power Temperature

COMMUNICATION SPECIFICATION: FEATURE BAUD RATE Data Bit Parity Stop Bit Flow Control IMPLEMENTATION 9600 bps 8 None 1 None

AT COMMAND

OUTPUT

RESULT

SUPPORTED CHARACTER SETS: SIM 300 AT Commands interface defults to IRA character sets. It supports, o o o o o o o GSM Format UCS 2 HEX IRA PCCP437 PCDN 8859_1

PROCEDURE: 1. Insert SIM card: Press the yellow pin to remove the tray from the SIM cardholder. After properly fixing the SIM card in the tray, insert the tray in the slot provided. 2. Connect Antenna: Screw the RF antenna if not already connected. 3. Connect RS232 Cable to PC/MCU: (Cable provided for RS232 communication). Default baud rate is 9600 with 8-N-1, no hardware handshaking. 4. Connect the power Supply (12V 1A) to the power input of board. Polarity should be Center +ve and outer ve DC jack. 5. Network Led indicating various status of GSM module eg. Power on, network registration & GPRS connectivity. 6. After the Modem registers the network, led will blink in step of 3 seconds. At this stage you can start using Modem for your application. 7. AT commands can be sent to control GSM Modem. LED STATUS INDICATOR: o o o o OFF Modem Switched off ON Modem is connecting to the network Flashing Slowly Modem is in idle mode Flashing rapidly Modem is in transmission/communication (GSM only)

TYPES OF AT COMMANDS: TYPE Test Command Read Command Write Command Execution Command SYNTAX AT + <x> = ? AT + <x> ? AT + <x> = < _ _ _ _ _> AT + <x>

AT COMMANDS: Command ATA ATD ATH AT+CSQ AT+CPBF AT+CPBR AT+CMGF AT+CMGL AT+CMGS AT+CNMI AT+CMSS AT+CMGD AT+CMGW AT+CMGR Decsription Answer an incoming call Mobile originated call to Dial a Number Disconnect Exisiting connection Signal Quality Report Find phone book entries Read current phone book entries Select SMS Message Format List SMS messages from preferred store Send SMS message New SMS message indications Send SMS message from storage Delete SMS Write SMS message to memory Read SMS Message

RESULT: