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MaterialsandMaterialProperties CreatinganOrthotropicMaterialExercise

Exercise: Creating an Orthotropic Material


Objectives
After successfully completing this exercise, you will be able to:

Create Orthotropic materials. Apply appropriate material orientations for Orthotropic materials. Create a Mechanica coordinate system on the fly.

Scenario
In this exercise, you will create WHITE_OAK_DRY as a Mechanica material to represent a type of wood. Wood is an orthotropic material due to the way in which it develops growth rings during the course of its maturing. Typically, wood is strongest in the longitudinal direction that is parallel to the growth rings (parallel to the actual fibers from which the wood grows), while being significantly weaker in the direction tangent and radial to the growth rings. These directions (longitudinal (L), tangential (T), and radial (R)) are shown in the figure below. You will create an orthotropic material and assume direction 1 is the L direction, direction 2 is the T direction, and direction 3 is the R direction. Furthermore, you will create a Mechanica coordinate system to use for a material orientation such that the material properties you defined in the material definition align properly with the actual model geometry.

OrthoMat

orthotropic.prt

Task 1. Open the Mechanica Application and begin creating a new material.
1. Click Applications > Mechanica. 2. Click Materials to open the Materials dialog box. to begin creating a new material. 3. Click New material

4. In the Name field, type WHITE_OAK_DRY. 5. In the Description field, type Dry White Oak ~ 12% moisture.

6. Select kg/m^3 from the units field next to Density and type 680 in the Density field. 7. Select Orthotropic from the Symmetry drop-down menu. 8. In the properties section, enter the values shown in the figure.

9. Click Save To Model to close the Material Definition dialog box. 10. Click OK to close the Materials dialog box.

Task 2. Begin the process of assigning the WHITE_OAK_DRY material to the part using a Material Orientation.
1. Click Material Assignment to open the Material assignment dialog box.

2. Verify that the Material field is set to WHITE_OAK_DRY. 3. Click More... next to the Material Orientation field to open the Material Orientations dialog box. 4. Click New to open the Material Orientation Definition dialog box.

Task 3. Create a new Mechanica coordinate system.


1. Click Datum Coordinate System Tool to create a new coordinate system.

2. Zoom in on the lower end of the board as shown in the figure. Hold CTRL and select the surfaces in the order shown (1,2, then 3).

3. Click OK to create the coordinate system. The CS0 coordinate system should appear on the model in the same orientation shown in the figure.

Task 4. Finish the definition of the material orientation, save the model, and erase it from memory.
Comparing the newly created system (XYZ) to the material direction (123) and the discussion of wood directions in the scenario at the start of this exercise (LTR) should yield the following: X=1=L, Y=2=T, Z=3=R. Thus, the Material Orientation Grid defaults can be used (1=X, 2=Y, 3=Z). 1. If necessary, click on the Material Orientation Definition dialog box to activate it. 2. Click Select Reference and select CS0 from the model. The dialog box should appear as shown in the figure. 3. Click OK > OK > OK to complete the material orientation and assign the material to the component.

4. Return to the Standard Pro/ENGINEER mode by clicking Applications > Standard. 5. Click Save from the main toolbar and click OK to save the model. 6. Click File > Erase > Current > Yes to erase the model from memory. This completes the exercise.

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