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Guided Notes
SPE 3603-Introduction to Exceptionality Learners with Physical Disabilities and Other Health Impairments (OHI) Chapter 14

Learning Objectives (2) Definition of physical disabilities and other health impairments Become familiar with Classification Prevalence Psychological and behavioral characteristics Prosthetics, orthotics, and adaptive devices Educational considerations Adaptive physical education

Some Key Terms (3) Acute illness Chronic condition Congenital anomaly Episodic condition Progressive condition Adaptive behavior

Definition (4)

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Children whose physical limitations or health problems interfere with school attendance or learning to such an extent that they require special services, training equipment, materials, or facilities May be congenital or acquired through accident or disease after birth

Classification (5) Acute illnesses Severe, treatable

Chronic conditions Ongoing, incurable

Episodic conditions Occur repeatedly; though the individual functions normally

Progressive conditions Become serious over time

Types of Impairments (6) Neuromotor Impairments Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Disorders Other Conditions Affecting Health or Physical Ability

Neuromotor Impairments (7) Injury to the brain or spinal cord Cerebral palsy(CP)

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Classification by extremities involved Quadriplegia, paraplegia

Classification by type of movements Spasticity, choreoathetoid, atonic

Associated disabilities and educational implications Seizure disorder (epilepsy)

Neuromotor Impairments (contd) (8) Spina bifida and other spinal cord injuries Often accompanied by paralysis Educational and social implications Some have acute medical conditions with frequent hospitalization May require periodic catheterization

Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Disorders (9) Bone or muscle related disorders Muscular dystrophy Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis Scoliosis Missing or malformed limbs

Other Conditions Affecting Health or Physical Ability (10) Asthma Fetal alcohol syndrome(FAS) Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Abuse and neglect Medically fragile

Prevalence (11) Physical disabilities 1 percent or about million school aged children Orthopedic disabilities 0.14 percent or 70,000 Other health problems 0.76 percent or 365,000

Causes of Physical Disabilities (12) Accidents Substance abuse Unhealthful practices Teenage pregnancy Child abuse

Prevention of Physical Disabilities (13) Wearing safety devices (seatbelts) Not driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol Storing medication, firearms, and other substances safely Dont use drugs or drink alcohol while pregnant Preventing adolescent pregnancies

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Immunization Having adequate prenatal care Prevent child abuse

Psychological and Behavioral Characteristics (14) Childrens and families reactions Fear or rejection Anxiety Pity and expectation of helplessness Wish to be non-disabled Academic achievement Extremely varied Erratic school attendance Most common cause of academic problems

Prosthetics, Orthotics, & Adaptive Devices (15) Important considerations Maximize residual function Affordability and availability Evaluation

Educational Considerations (16) Educational placement General education setting

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Hospital setting Homebound teacher Educational goals and curricula (vary) Links with other disciplines (services) Improve students mobility

Educational Considerations (contd) (17) Adapted physical education (APE) Instructional service IDEA APE available to every child with a disability

Primary goal of APE Access to activities that support physical recreational, and/or leisure goals

Educational Considerations (contd) (18) Adapted physical education (APE) www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=R5hTa3X4u1A#!

Early Interventions (19) Early identification and intervention Development of communication Handling and positioning

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Transition to Adulthood (20) Choosing a career Supported employment Sociosexuality Societal attitudes