Child abuse is common nowadays. Everyone knows what is child abuse.

First of all, the meaning of child abuse is mistreatment of children that is divided by four major parts that is physical, emotional, sexually and neglect. This four major part can happen simultaneously. Obtained from freedictionary.com, the other definition of child abuse is, Child Abuse has been defined as an act, or failure to act, on the part of a parent or caretaker that results in the death, serious physical or emotional harm, Sexual Abuse, or exploitation of a child or which places the child in an imminent risk of serious harm (thefreedictionary.com. access time : 11.08am 1st September 2013) Physical abuse that is one of the major part of abuse can be defined as any nonaccidental injury to a child. This includes hitting, kicking, slapping, shaking, burning, pinching, hair pulling, biting, and choking. Next is Emotional abuse or in other words attitude or behaviour which interferes with a childs mental health or social development. This includes yelling, screaming, name-calling, negative comparisons to others or saying that they are bad, no good, and worthless or a mistake. The third part is sexual abuse. That means any sexual act between an adult and child. This can be considered as Pornography, exhibitionism, child prostitution, group sex, oral sex, or forced observation of sexual acts. And the last one is neglect. It means failure to provide for a childs physical needs. There are many factors contributing child abuse. We can separate the factor of child abuse into three part. There are environmental factors, child factor and family factor. Firstly, environment factor means the problem start due to the situation and location. Sometimes, the problem started with family and parent. Some of the parent does not have job or unemployed. Especially when living in the city, money is very important. So, if the parent does not have the money to buy what the family needs, they are easily stressed. In addition, living in dangerous neighbour can also contribute to child abuse. Sometimes, people do not care about their neighbour and parent. They do not care what happen to their neighbour whether it is good or bad. This always occurs in the cities. Other than that, environment factor is the influences of the media. Nowadays, television, movies and internet is uncontrollable. Some of the media are unrated by government. There are many violent scenes in movies and internet that people can access easily. So, some people started to copy what they have watched from the movies. Secondly, the factor contributing child abuse is the child of its own. Sometimes, the children can be a problem. That is, for children in the age of 1 to 4 years old, they lack of care and love from parent. It is because of a few factors like the parent is too busy with their

job, to many daughters, live poorly or the parent attitudes itself. So, smaller age children need more intensive care to grow up. For an older age, they are more influenced to sex abuse. It is more to parent perception. Some of the family have stepfather or stepmother. So, some of the bad stepfathers is taking opportunity of this situation. The other factor is the childrens disability. As we know, a child is weak and cannot do anything to an older person. So, they cannot escape or defend themselves from abusive situation. Lastly, some children are born disable. They cannot to anything out of their ability and need their parent all time. A disabled children need attention and caring. So, if the parent is busy with their work, nobody can manage them or if parent cannot accept their child the way they are, they will flagellate their child. Third factor contributing to child abuse is family. These factor are sometimes caused by parents or elder brother or sister. Some of the parents have bad attitude and attributions about a child's behaviour. As we know, many children like to play and are naughty. It is normal for children to be like that, but some of their parent is very strict with their child. So, flagellate will occur. Other than that, some of family have mental disorder. They cannot think carefully and do something bad to their parents. This case always happens around the world. More than that, low income problem also contribute child abuse. Some of family do not have fixed income and this is causing problem for families with many children to care with their low income. Some of parent cannot fulfil their familys need. So it is considered as neglect. From the factors that contribute child abuse, now we move to how to overcome child abuse. It is not easy to solve it because it needs many people to take part in it. We can separate three part for this solution that is family, neighbour and country. What family can do to overcome this problem is the family must pay attention to their children. Parent should take care to their children and accept what god had given their children. Parent must take care about food, place and love their children unconditionally. Besides, elder brother can help their parent to overcome their stress by helping at kitchen, find job to increase family salary and help to take care family. The role of neighbour is also important. Neighbours need to know what is happening to their neighbour. They need to take care and learn to know their neighbours family history. More than that, neighbour can help when their neighbour have problem. Lastly, what country can do is they can build new agency to take care children who dont have family to care them. More than that, government can investigate the family who

are suspected in child abuse. Counselling can also be use and practice by some organisation to motivate and improve family quality to prevent child abuse