Types Of Water Cooled Condensers

:Types of water cooled condensers generally used are as follows

Double Pipe Condenser: These condensers, normally used in ammonia systems, consist of a pipe inside another pipe, or a tube within a tube. The tubes are positioned horizontally to form a vertical bank. The whole unit is fixed on a wall, and the water-ammonia mixture enters the sections at the bottom, flowing up through the inner pipe. The compressed refrigerant vapor goes through the top section flowing downward, due to which a .counter flow is created

Double Tube Condenser: It is a version of the double type condenser in which water flows inside the tubes, and refrigerant flows through the annular space between the two tubes. A compact condensing unit is .created by placing the compressor inside the condenser

Shell And Coil Condenser: It consists of a copper coil located in a steel shell. Water runs through the coil, and refrigerant vapor is discharged from the compressor, condensing on the outside of the cold tubes. This type of condenser is economical, but its maintenance is difficult. If a leakage occurs in the coil, it is essential to remove the head of the shell, .and withdrawal of coil from the shell

Shell And Tube Condenser: It is comprised of a large number of tubes located in a steel shell, with water flowing inside, and vapor flowing around the tubes. The vapors condense on the exterior surface of the tubes, and drops to the bottom of the condenser. A considerable amount .of condensing surface is available in a smaller place Capacity Of Water Cooled Condensers

The capacity of a water cooled condenser depends on the temperature of the water, the amount of water circulated, and the temperature of the refrigerant gas. The capacity will increase with the temperature difference between the refrigerant gas and water. Temperature difference can be enlarged by increasing the condensation pressure, or decreasing the temperature of the water entering, or by increasing the amount of water .to maintain a low water temperature

Air cooled condensers: Air cooled condensers are used in small units like (1 household refrigerators, deep freezers, water coolers, window airconditioners, split air-conditioners, small packaged air-conditioners etc. These are used in plants where the cooling load is small and the total quantity of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is small. Air cooled condensers are also called coil condensers as they are usually made of copper or aluminum coil. Air cooled condensers occupy a comparatively .larger space than water cooled condensers

Air cooled condensers are of two types: natural convection and forced convection. In the natural convection type, the air flows over it in natural a way depending upon the temperature of the condenser coil. In the forced .air type, a fan operated by a motor blows air over the condenser coil

Water cooled condensers: Water cooled condensers are used for large (2 refrigerating plants, big packaged air-conditioners, central air-conditioning plants, etc. These are used in plants where cooling loads are excessively .high and a large quantity of refrigerant flows through the condenser

There are three types of water cooled condensers: tube-in-tube or double pipe type, shell and coil type and shell and tube type. In all these condensers the refrigerant flows through one side of the piping while the water flows through the other piping, cooling the refrigerant and .condensing it

Evaporative condensers: Evaporative condensers are usually used in ice (3 plants. They are a combination of water cooled and air cooled condensers. In these condensers the hot refrigerant flows through the coils. Water is sprayed over these coils. At the same time the fan draws air from the bottom side of the condenser and discharges it from the top side of the condenser. The spray water that comes in contact with the condenser coil gets evaporated in the air and it absorbs the heat from the condenser, .cools the refrigerant and condenses it

Evaporative condensers have the benefits of water cooled as well as air cooled condenser, hence it occupies less space. However, keeping the evaporative condenser clean and free of scale is very difficult and requires .lots of maintenance. Hence they are not favored by HVAC designers