Malcolm Mann Steve Taylore-Knowles Student's Book re CVT LOIUnit Reading 1 Cnueam predicting / Dis scanning FCEPart 2 textawareness / speculating FCE Parts Check You Page 30 progress: Units and 2 textawareness / reading for gist FCEPart2 predicting / scanning FCEPart 3 Mon Cn Check Your progress: Units 3 and 4 Page 56 reading for sist / scanning FCEPart2 predicting FCE Parts Check Your progress: Units § and 6 Page 82 kw Grammar 1 present simple, past simple, stative verbs present continuous, past Continuous, present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous. the future conditionals (1): zero, first, ‘second; unless, in case, as long 4s, provided that modals (a): ability, permission, advice/ criticism, obligation the passive Vocabulary topic vocabulary; topic phrasal verbs; word formation; confusable words; word patterns topic vocabulary; word formation; topic phrasal verbs; collocations topic vocabulary; topic phrasal verbs; word formation; confusable wor pattems topic vocabulary; topic phrasal verbs; word formation; confusable words topic vocabulary; topic phrasal verbs; word formation; word pattems topic vocabulary; topic phrasal verbs; word formation; word patternsSpeaking Reading 2 | scanning / ‘reading for ‘opinion / concept development information FCEPart 2 FCE Part 2 FCE Parts 1, 2, | gandy | Use of Grammar 2 English present perfect | FCEParts ‘simple, past ; and 3 perfect simple i ‘50, such, too, FCE Parts 2 enough; used to, | and 4 ‘would, be/ | get used to 1 articles;time «FE Parts2 clauses | and 3 countableand —_FCE Parts tuncountablenouns; | and 4 quantifiers | comparatves and FCEParts2 ‘superlatives; and 3, questions | -ing form or | FCEParts 3 infinitive; prefer, | and 4 would rather, had better | | reepanss anda Writing informal letter/email review article essay {formal letter/emall article emailUnit Reading1 = Grammar 1 Vocabulary ation ‘topic phrasal 8 Check Your progress: Units 7 and & Page 114 ory 8 Check Your progress: Units 9 and 10 | | Page s4o | | (Tine Gh Setter prem tate cents i Page 166 1 | Grammar database Speaking database Writing database Page 174 Page 194 Page 195Use of Listening Speaking Reading2 Grammar2 English — Writing reading for gist prepositions of c | | FCEParts1 | formal ‘management FCE Part 3 fime and place; and 3 letter/email FCEParta indirect questions _ predicting / reportingverbs; | FCEParts2. | report lating although,even’ and 3 | Part2 though, in spite of / despite, however i | | | | comparing | readingforspeciic | thecausative | FCEParts1 | letterof FCEPart 2 information and 4 | application Fee Parts | asking predicting) | dectandindirect | FCEParts2 story questions reading for gist | ‘objects; infinitives | and 3 FCEPars3end4 FCEPar'2 of purpose | | | | | | text | participles | FCEParts3 informal awareness | anda 1 letter/email FeePant3 | | questiontags; | FCEParts1 essay. | | impersonal | and2 | | | passive | | \ | / i FcePats2 FE Parts1,2, | | Fceparts2, | email and g [sede | | ganda | : ' | | Key word database Phrasal verb database Guide to the Cambridge Page 204 Page 205 FCE Examination Page 207Reading 1 Word.power—* argument «bully «embarrassment «ight jealousy tease Starting point— ‘+ What problems can teenagers face because of parents? ‘other people at school? brothers and sisters ? friends? ) took.at the tte and subtitle ofthe article you are going to read, What do you think this new service does? @ Peas the text quickly and find examples of dificult situations that teenagers might fae. How should you do Reading Part 2? Don't worry about wards ke hers 0 etc because you don't know who they to so they can't help you decide. our atworts the er i ou © oka erry owork ut theyre to because they will help you decide. You are going to read an article about a service for teenagers. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap (+7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. A. And often it’s better to talk to a complete stranger about these things, rather than someone you know really well B | think our chat made her feel alot better. Everyone occasionally has difficulties with their relatives, their colleagues, their neighbours, their boss! D That alone can often be a help in itself E However, it doesn't work for everyone, F Athirteen-year-old girl is being teased by her older brother. G_Allwe can really do is suggest they go and see their doctor. H You can also chat directly with one of our counsellors online through our website. ‘Being a teenager has never been easy, and, from all our research, it seems to be getting more dlfficulc every year! So says Janet Faulkner, Director of Child Power UK. Helping Hand, a new service for thirteen- to nineteen-yearolds,is her brainchild. realised that there was lots of help at hand for young people in extreme difficulty, They ‘an ring ChildLine, for example, if they're suffering from bullying or have run away from home, things like that, but nothing for the more everyday problems they face,And so I created Heng Hand to fil the gap The concept is simple, I A teenage boy feels embarrassed every time he goes shopping with his mum. Someone is jealous of their best friend because they've got a cool new mobile phone. Who do they turn to? Helping Hand. “Theyre litle things, yes? says Janet,but they ‘often don't fel litle to the person in that situation, All problems need to be sorted out and talked about. 2 We provide a 24-hour free service to do two main things — listen sympathetically. and offer advice where appropriate? Since its introduction two months ago, Helping Hand has already dealt with over 1,000 cases.'If you're a teenager, you can contact us in three main ways; says Janet ‘There's a free number you ‘ean call (0909 9090909) or you can send us anemail and we'll get back to you within halfan hour 3. Many people like that option because it's direct but at the same time they feel comfortable. Were also planning to introduce a service soon that allows teenagers with similar problems to talk to each ‘ther online! There are five full-time Helping Hand counsellors at present all trained in child psychology and counseling. One of the team, Jenny, described her work tsa great feeling being able to make a difference to someone's life says Jenny."This morning for example, helped one teenager who was relly upset because none of her friends at school had remembered her birthday. 4 And there was a fifteen-year-old boy who had seen the film Bily Eliot and wanced to start doing ballet, but was afraid of, ‘what his father would say. He's going to make his dad watch the film before he talks to him about it? Helping Hand doesn’t claim to be able to solve every problern. "We ean’ work miracles says ‘Andrew Carter another counsellor, ‘and we can't make all problems disappear just like that but Helping Hand gives kids the chance to express their frustrations and ansieties. 5 had a teenager the other day who had just spic up with his grfriend. He didn't want to talk to anyone in his family about it, and his friends just joked about it when he brought the subject up. He really only needed somebody to listen to him. ‘And that’s what wet there for? "Sometimes! says Jenny'there are issues we just can't deal with at all Were not health professionals, so there’ no way we can discuss medical problems. 6 And last week someone sent me an ‘email asking if knew where they could buy a cheap second-hand digital camera. We don't relly have answers to questions like that!” “Helping Hand has been such a success, though’ says Janet, that a number of other charities are looking into ways of running similar services for older people. Its not just teenagers that have problems. 7 And it really does help 10 talk. Who knows? Maybe we'll all be using a service like this in the future!” Find these words and phrases inthe article and undertine them. ~ Can you work out what they mean from the context? charity launched - a friendly ear «turn to frustrations «looking into DD Find words or phrases in the text or removed sentences which have a similar meaningtothese Have. youn say! words and phrases. good idea (paragraph 3) idea (paragraph 2) solved (paragraph 3) worries (noun) (paragraph 6) introduced (paragraph 6) have a conversation (paragraph 4) do impossible things (paragraph 6) problems and situations (paragraph 7) i Gearon= 3 g cy cy cy C3 Grammar 1 Tro Can one or both of these sentences contain the word ‘often’? an one or both of these sentences refer to one specific occasion? @ | goout with my fiends. b I went out with my fiends. (We use the present simple and the past simple: ‘* to show how often things happen. We never go out / went out during the week. ‘© for permanent situations. She lives / lived with her Parents. © for general truths and facts. Carl doesn't speak | didn’t speak French. © forstates. Does Dana have / Did Dana have red hair? We aso use the present simple: ‘© for the future (in timetables). Term starts next Monday. + forthe future (intime clauses). call you when get There are 10 mistakes with verb tenses and forms inthis text. Find them an G Use these ves in the correct form to complete the sentences. back. [We also use the past simple: * forsingle completed actions. / met our new neighbours Leeeey 1 Melina to invite Adam and he's really upset with her now stative verbs 2 Stan's girlfriend's train ____inhalfan Cistative verbs, such as like, love, believe, see, appear, understand, know are not normally used in continuous, hour so he’s gone to pick her up Fram the station, tenses because they don’t describe actions. 31 my uncle and aunt who live in don't ike the way you'e talking to me. Germany forthe first time recently. % Fam not liking the way you're talking to me, 4 a lots of new friends at the. ‘See Grammar database 1 on page 174 for more information. 5 Danand! out very often as we prefer to stay at home. 6 tsa shame we ‘you were coming today the kids would love to see you again, 7 Ollie to be annoyed with me for id some reason at the moment. me verbs are stative with one meaning ane 0 sae eg apse ea lot of work to do at the: ‘moment. Non-stative: They. iting emahaen ‘having an argument. at the moment. pi pati {G) Look back at the article on pages 6-7 and find an example of ‘+ the present simple in the question form (paragraph 2) '* the emphatic present simple (paragraph 8) '* the past simple in the negative (paragraph 6). their family and friends, b what they did last weekend. ‘Ask your partner your questions. Now use your partner's answers. eo (Giwho told you? = Someone told you soffething. ‘S who did you tell? = You told someone something.Vocabulary Word formation acesaaal @ complete this table. include all possible forms you can healings and atte think o, including negative forms. Make adjectives trom these verbs and decide whether they describe Feelings or situations. n co ee Carrere \ ae ie eee Contusable words: people and ‘righten tervfy «rex - annoy relationships © choose the correct word to complete each sentence. Now use the adjectives to talk about the people My mum gets somervous / annoyed when | don’t tidy my inthe pictures. bedroom. 2 Freda's the most sincere / honest person I know. She never Phrasal verbs: relationships steals or tells lies. being alone / lonely 2 Ive got a goo BB Use the correct form ofthese phrasal verbs > {ove beingalone / Ione as longas Ive got a good book to read onsite i. abouteltinsipstorepacethewords nT. yas oki / pole of yout oft p us move : : rouse 5 We realy enjoyed / entertained ourselves atthe party. 6 The party was funny / fun. We danced all night! 1 Mypaents raised me/——_tobelieve 9 Lookat thei that amy isthe mostimportantthingin the one incorrect? worl 2 Asthe kids got older / -orrect answers in Exercise D. Why is each it became Word patterns easier to take them on public anspor. + connie eB choose the correct word or phrase to complete each They were both mad about Fishing. sentence. 4, Htookeeare of / ‘my neighbours'cat 1. Does your sister usually help yout / with your homework? while they were on holiday. 2. Why do adults always complain for / about what tenagers 5. Idor't know how you tolerated | —_—_ wear? his rudeness for so lang! 3. Asa babysitter, responsible for / In making sure the kids 6. Diana realy disappointed me / goto bed on time, She'd promised tobe there but she didnt ‘I don't approve with / of parents smacking thelr children show up. 5 Doyoubelieve about / in love at first sight? = 6 How can we prevent young people fom / forgetting into ‘a parents bring up citer. dangerous situations? | Oeste gOH uP 7 Your advice saved mein / from making a huge mistake! | arene 8 Charlotte often borrows clothes from / by her older sister. @Listening ©) _Stagtind,point—” * Look at the pictures. Which people do you think are colleagues? family members? ‘acquaintances? strangers? friends? neighbours? ‘Why do you think that? {9 100k at the questions in Exercise 8. Listen toa short excerpt from each of the situations 1-8. Which of the options might be wrong? jou do Listening Part How should y' eithas awor8 OU ‘a Choose an answer beau hear on the tape. gs by Dorrt assume an answer's ht Decels tontains a word you near ont eC eee tee) ‘You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or ©) 1. You hear two people talking. What is their relationship? Acolleagues Bacquaintances _Cclose friends 2 You hear this man talking about his daughter's boyfriend What does the man think? ‘AHe's looking forward to their engagement. B He thinks his daughter should find someone better. CHe's not certain whether they will get married. 3. You hear this message from a friend on yout answerphone. What does she ask you to do? Abuy an extra ticket B put someone up for the night Caccompany her to a play 4, You hear two people talking about an exam. How does the woman feel? ‘annoyed —-Bnervous. jealous 5 You heara girl describing her twin brother. In what way are they different? AHe’s more sociable. BHe's more polite. CHe's more helpful. 6 You hear two people talking about their neighbour. What do they think about him? ‘AHe'slonely. BHe'sselfish. He's arrogant. 7 Youhear two young people talking on a bus. What did their friend not do? Ainvite someone toa party B get permission for a party Carrange music fora party 8 Youhear aman talking about a childhood friend. What does he think? Adis friend wasted her opportunities. B His friend had problems with schoolwork. Cis friend had problems making fiends with people. @ What hetped you choose your answers? Why were the other ‘options wrong? Discuss your answers with the rest of the class. Have youn sey! Do you make friends easily? How sociable are you?Speaking Stagting,point— = What's happening in the picture? How do you think the people feel? @ Listen toa candidate talking in Parts ofthe FCE Speaking test. As you listen, match each ‘question to a candidate's answer. GB) 1 Where are you from? ___ 2 Do you like living there? 3 What kind of things do you like doing in your free time? 4 Ate you stil at school? 5 What do you want to do when you leave school? 6 Howlong have you been learning English? 2 etotl ed Speaking Parr vive complete ansy make specen Ne but don't > Give one.-word Dossiers Ohere Inagteyouae CamiknteAMakaquckmates, Now work in groups of four to do Speaking Part 1. ‘Two of you are candidates, one is the interviewer and, cone person will give you a mark out of five. Interlocutor: Candidate A, where are you from? Candidate. Interlocutor: What's it ke living there? Candidate A: . + Interlocutor: And, Candidate B, where are you from? Candidate + | } interlocutor: Do you like living there? Candidate 8: Candidate A: Interlocutor: And you, Candidate 6? Candidate B: Interlocutor: How long have you been leaming English? Candidate Interlocutor: And you, Candidate A? Candidate A: . Interlocutor: Are you both stil in fulltime education? Candidate A: Candidate B: Interlocutor: So, Candidate B, what are your plans for the future? Candidate Interiocutor: And have you decided yet what you want to do, Candidate A? Candidate A: Mark Scheme See Speaking database on page 194. Py = 3 FH ey 3 ey «Reading 2 @® Word,power—* argument + depressed + incompatible | miserable + nothing in common + upset | _Stagtind point * Look at the pictures. How do you think the people are feeling? ‘+ What do friends quarrel about? ‘+ What advice would you give to a teenager in these situations? G Look at the ttle of the article you are ‘going to read. What do you think the article is about? Who isit aimed at? Where might you find an article like this? G The artice gives some advice. Quickly read paragraphs 2,3 and 4 and make a list of Dos’ and ‘Dor'ts'that the writer mentions. vow should you do Reading Pa vel askyourset wich answers right, and why. sah rst wich ans Asko an which nse! isright, and why. 12 I you've been let down by a boyfriend or girlfriend, you're probably hurting. It’s not stupid (or childish to feel like this. ‘Your boyfriend or girlfriend has tld you they don't want fo go cout wth you any more. You feel rejected, clone, unwanted ‘and miserable. You had thought that this relationship would last forever and now i's over. Let's be honest - ifs «horrible feeling, Maybe the worst feeling you've ever felt. Perhaps you feel hat ife's not worth living and you'll never get over i. You probably eal that noone has ever Flt this way befor. Ir may sound impossible now, but you will get over it I just ‘kes time. And you'te not alone ~ clmost everyone goes, through this at some point in their life. I's cn important part of growing up and actually mokes us stronger. What you musin’t dos think that you hove fled. Remember: retoonsips caren’ ike exams |F friend came between you and your boyfriend or girftiend cand helped cause the relationship to end, you'll be dealing 15 with Feelings of betrayal as well IF your parents or friends disopproved of your relationship, you might also fool Read the text. For questions 1-7, choose the answer (A, B, Cor ) which you think fits best according to the text. 1 According to the writer, heartbroken teenagers often feel that they have wasted their time being in the relationship. do not understand why the relationship came to an end. are the only person who has experienced this situation, should have been more honest about their feelings. What does the wifer say about a relationship ending? It helps us develop emotional. Ithelps us understand that we canal fal Itforces ust stop being childish, Itreminds us that relationships ae nt tke tests. coase ‘heartbroken teenager might have ‘feelings of betrayal’ (ine 16) when their parents did not want the relationship to succeed. they don’t feel able to talk about their feelings. their partner was responsible for the relationship ending, someone they trusted got involved in the relationship.ai heartbroken humiliated and embarrassed about discussing how you feel. These felngs are normal, bt # does help to folk. Try aking fo your parents one ands hoy my be mare sympathetic than you think. Ask your parents abou thei fist reltionships. The chances are they went rough similar experiences. fol a lot better! Don't do anything impulsive. it might seem a good idea to go out and get {ato oF your nose pierced, but you'll probably regret iin a fow days. That doesn’t mean you snk! ex yore how abot ying some new clothes or getting a new hairy? ls there a film you've bbeen wanting fo s08 ofthe cinema for ‘ages? Not sure whether to go to that party you'd been invited to? Gol And if you'te worried that your ex- you'te not together forthe right boyfiend or giliend might be there, reasons. Give ita litle ime before let them see you can have a good ‘you start your next relationship. What does the word ‘That’ line 31) refer to? regretting the impulsive behaviour the advice not to do anything impulsive the idea of doing something impulsive treating yourself to something you want ooo>s How should heartbroken teenagers react if they see their former partner ata party? ‘They should be concerned about their former partner, They should show that they are better off now. They should make it clear that they can survive on thelr own. They should see what their former partner is doing, ‘Atelationship ‘on the rebound’ (line 59) is one in which you fallin love very quickly. which is never successful. Inwhich both partners have just finished a relationship. which starts too soon after a previous relationship. on e>o ona> What point is the writer making in the final paragraph? Humans are survivors. We benefit from painful experiences. We forget unpleasant experiences quickly. Time will heal the pain. {ime without them. That'll make you Sometimes couples who split up get back together and sometimes don't, Don't sit around waiting for ‘your ex call fo say they've made a big mistake and think you should start going out with each other fagain. The chances are that won't happen, but i's actully more li to come about if you just get on wi your life rather than sit at home ‘eting ft phone rng: moy sound comy, bu here are plent tore fake wa Yu wilh fime ~ find someone nev. But don’t be tempted to rush into another relationship. Ths is celled going out 59 with someone ‘on the rebound! This kind of relationship rarely works, as Here's one other thing o remember. You've just experienced one of the ‘mos raumati things that people See oie only get beter. Each doy, you'l fee slighly les unhappy. In «week, it will be bearable. In o month, you'l be ‘ble to lough about it. In @ yoo, it will cll seem ancient history. You've gota lot of life cheod of you ~ look to the future and go out and enjoy yourself ly oa stantial) D cicte atthe atferent feetings mentioned inthe text {G9 Fina words or phrases in the article which are similar in meaning to these words and phrases. 4 recover from (paragraph 1) 2 experiences (verb) (paragraph 2) 3. caused a disagreement or argument between (paragraph 3) 4 do something special for (paragraph 4) 5. happen (paragraph 5) Have youn, say! Do you lsagree with any Isthere anyadvice ofthe advice inthe artile? you would give that isnot inthe article? Cann article like this help a heartbroken teenager?_ P 3 a H 3 & G Make sentences using the Grammar 2 past perfect simple. Use the ‘words or phrases in bold. 1 I moved to Canberra, Your boyfriend or girifiend has told you .. (para. line 2) ees Did that happen in the past? Sydney. {sitstil relevant now? before Do we know exactly when he or she told you? 2 Charlotte heard the news. She immediately called Phil. You had thought that this relationship would last forever. (ra. 1line 3) as soon as Why isit‘had thought’ and not ‘thought’? 3. First went to the supermarket, Then | wen (Weuse Present perfect simple _Past perfect simple Rene + foractions —.. uptonow. 've been. up toa moment in the past. after bes fends bt jute hein ld boas best 4. We finished eating. Diane eres arrived. when | already 5, Diane arived. Then Rick tuned up. when / only just Make sentences using the past perfect simple to answer these questions, 1 Why were Grant and Dave so happy? 2 Why was Tonya annoyed with Justine? 3. Why was Adam so tired? ‘Make sentences saying what has happened. ‘4, Why did Frank do so badly in 1. Tim’s got a suntan. the exam? 2. There's aletter for you. 3 Hello! We're your new neighbours. ‘Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning tothe first sentence, using the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 I think they moved here six years ago. lived | think sixyears. 2 We bought her birthday present afew days ago. already Haye. youn say! We herbirthday present. _ The T holiday in Australia at the moment. 3. The Taylor ae on holiday in Aust ts have asia The Taylors. Australia on holiday. nea ae she 4 This willbe Stacy’ fist trip to France. never r Stacy ____ France before. 5. Eleni and Alan got engaged in April. sinceUse of English 6) Read the text in Exercise B quickly and answer these questions. 1. Apart from his acting, what is James Dean famous for? Quickly rad the text first to get 2 ‘a Howmany fims did he star in? general idea of what itis about. 3. How old was he when he died? b Govstraightt the questions 10 How should you do Use of English Part? a Corr save time. 1951 he went to New York to furher his ating (4) Dean's acing (5) was soon recognised, and he was asked to join the Actors Studio. AS he wrote inlet 1o his amily in 1952: Its the best hing hat can (6) to an actor! Television and theatre work followed, and Dean became highly (7) — within the industry. 4] axnes Dean saved in only thre lms, and had only been world famous for Read the text below and decide which answer eee: justonera year hen he aisle in aca (8) —_inSepember 195. i fiiiaasoce Inyashis death at sch young (9) —, andthe rebel oes he payed in the fim Rebel Without a Cause and East of den rather than his of screen (10) that have made him a legend. ke Marilyn Monroe, Eis Presley and Frank Sinatra, James Dean sa icon ofthe twentieth century. (1) — a famous rebel, the chances are they wll ty James Dean, But who ‘was James Dean, and was he relly 25 ieee hetion 1 Acall Btell name Drepeat James Dean asbomin1951intndana tsa 2 Alocated removed Clived——- D moved Hsfatervisa.dl eincan. The family 3. Abroughtup Bgrownup Ctakenover Dtaken off @)—_tolos ngeesin 1936,baDean Ajo Beareer —Cwork employment eee ipseniccedam, 5 Acualifcation Btalent — Cknowledge Drecommendation see tekidtedeoningenten 6 Abecome — Btake place Coccur happen ‘and was not particulary rebelions at school, 7 Aloved Badored Crespected + Dworshipped Mee reuringioCalfomia,Deanjoiedan 8 accident Bmisforune Cdisaster Dit ‘acting workshop, and was given minor rolesin 9 Agra B period Cage Dtime fms, on sage and in TV commercils In 4g condition Behaviour quality performance G Look at each gap in the CUCE Use of E text in Exercise D. What kind of word is required Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some ofthe ines to form for each gap? ‘a word that fits in the gap In the same line, Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. The Perfect Friend Because (1) is one of the few kinds of relationship we have. FRIEND control over, itis an (2) area of research for sociologists. INTEREST ‘Many studies have been done into this kind of relationship. How should you do Use of fesicn oo though we can't usualy choose our (8). orbosses or RELATE riick oie (4) we-can chose our fends, But how do we choose TEACH durtankeitasatex. | em? Gutot alte peal we metic es, Wy do some ‘become our friends, and why do we find some people's (5) PERSON, ‘no connection to each other. Read the tex through st | ae (@)— than others? I's not an easy queston to answer, ATTRACT and then lookat tsentence | Because we ae all ooking for similar qualities in our fiends, by sentence, such 2s (7), @ good sense of humour, trustworthiness and HONEST (8). However, what each of us means by ‘a good sense of KIND humour’ for example, oF what each of us thinks of as ‘kind’, are (8). We are al unique in many ways, and so the DIFFER perfect fiend for one person may seem alittle (10) —_ to BORE someone else! 15=) Relationships Writing DB choose true (1) or false (F). informal letter/email 1 We usually start letters/emails with Dear vWF 2 Inan email, you don't need to Stanting,point— worry about correct grammar. T/F Stenting, Ror 3. Spelling is more important in an Imagine someone your age from another country was coming to Until ltier than averse: TIP stay with your family for a couple of weeks. What would you 4 sional spall the same ay with your family fora couple of weeks: Wiek Would ¥ as an informal letter TF want to know about them before they arrived? {© Read this email and answer the questions below. rom: Sophie Needham som 314 September Subjecr Re: Hi therel Dear Angela, Thanks for your email. | can't wait fo meet you and your porents in August Wall, we've obviously goto lot in common. | love tennis, 100, although I'm probably not such @ good player as you core. And very glad you like pop music. 'm crazy ‘about The Screamers! | also love swimming, Do you? You asked if there was anything | wanted to do while I'm staying with you. As we both lke tennis, we should definitely have a game and I'd love 1 go swimming. Will {your parents let us go to a club? We're both fifeen, soit shouldn't be o problem, should it? tye attached a picture so you ean see what | look like I was taken last summer on holiday. Please write back soon. Can't wat fo meet youl Bye for now! Sophie Is the language formal or informal? Give examples, What is the purpose of each paragraph? What information did Angela give Sophie in her email? 4 What did Angela ask in her email? What questions does Sophie ask in her email? Which phrases and expressions in the letter are often used in informal emails? 7 What other ways are there of saying “Bye for now!” at the end of the email? 8 Do you think Sophie and Angela will like each other when they meet? Why?Blégshead*— Pin You are going to the UK for two weeks in the summer to study at a language school. While you are there, you will be staying with an English family called the Wilsons. Below is an email which Adam Wilson, who is fifteen years old, has sent you. Read Adam's email and the notes you have made, Then write a suitable reply. ‘Adam Wilson 6* September t- Your visit lowe to buy “Hitter. m Adam, 'm loking forward to yours an wanted to’Say.hello and ask yOu a couple of things. , Fist ofall abit about mé-rm crazy about skateboarding ana ( LoVe rock and pop music. think my favourite band atthe.” moment isthe Kaiser Chiefs. Do you know them? WHat kind of {things do you tke doing and what music do you ike? ‘My mum asked me to ash ‘ ine Mme Kyou if there's anythin You. larly want to do while you're here. 1 at the language schoo! during the day, in the evenings and at weekends ifyoulike. Let ime know SE no How should y wns and don't worry about ise paragraph * unctuation because they ar, spelling and Pu ils Tetters, not emails. e : the same way you wits ee b Write your: ‘email in exactly i ee uess you'll be busy- but we can do things formal email? Biefer non, a Dov 2 yon we Adam are important it 1B before you write answer these questions. {Make a paragraph plan Decide what 1 Will your email to Adam be formal or informal? information you iclude in each paragraph. 2 What questions did Adam ask you? 5. How many pieces of information do you have to includein Gj Write your email in a20-150 words. You must use your email? grammatically correct sentences with accurate 4 What are they? spelling and punctuation ina style appropriate 5 What other information about yourself could you include? _‘forthe situation. 6 What other questions could you ask Adam? Coens Cesc For each ofthe notes next to Adam's email in the question in Exercise A, write one or two sentences which could be ll the ho lbcuides (x your ermal ‘added some other relevant information atleast four main paragraphs referred to Adam's email in paragraph + ooo! 7Reading 1 @p Word,power* {adventure «relaxation «sightseeing - sunbathing Stagting,point—” Put these holidays in order of preference. Discuss. why you've chosen aa that order. ‘+ an activity holiday ‘+ abeach holiday © aself-catering holiday ‘+ acamping holiday + package holiday | = aholiday near your home G9 Look at the text without reading it in detail. Answer these questions 4 What kind of texts this? Aan article Bapiece of fiction Canewspaper report 2 From the ttle, what do you think the text might be about? © Read the questions in Exercise C quickly and decide if these statements are probably true or false. 1 Tina tries to do something without asking 2 Tina's parents are happy to give her permission straight away. 3. Tina and her fiends are planning to do ‘something together. How sould you do Reading Part 2 ‘So that you can check eck your an end of the exam, you should fica 2 leave enough time todo complete © undertine the part ofthe te fives you the answer. the exercise again which you think You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 16, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. When she is upstairs, Tina loses interest in her parents’ conversation rmisunderstands her parents’ conversation. thinks her parents are having an argument. knows her parents are talking about her. When her parents say no to the holiday, Tina accepts their decision without arguing. tries to convince them to let her go. waits for her friends to get permission, thinks she has to explain it to her friends. Tina thinks her parents’ reaction to the idea is selfish and uncaring. shows they don't completely trust her. Is reasonable from their point of view. is different from other parents’. Tina and her friends choose Cornwall because they've all been there before and liked it. it's more interesting than going to another country. itwon’t take long for them to get there. there's a chance their parents will agree to it So that their parents will say yes to the holiday, Tina. and her friends collect as much information as they can. save as much money as they can. show as much independence as they can. argue about it as much as they can. Tina's father explains that her parents have found it diffcut to raise her. she should pay more attention to other people's opinions. she should be more grateful for their care. it's hard for her parents to allow her to have her freedom. era @ Find words and phrases inthe text to replace the words in italics in these sentences. 1 Ourhotel was in a great place /position. 2. Your holiday rep willbe waiting when you arrive at your place you are going to 3. Ithought the Caribbean was really foreign and interesting, ‘4 We had a total amount of money available of €2000._— 5 We stayed in a small place where people go on holiday called Kala Nera,Saal ENOAAVAT TASH AT EAST: Tina was in er room, anxiously biting YoU! Tina got up and slowly went hher nails. Her parents were downstairs downstairs. Her heart was beating sense could hears Ute of what, qUicly. Ths hliay was something dhey mere saying, She didn need to tat she and two of her fends had hear all fit, anyway. She knew what been planing for months. They had they were dicusing fom the bits finaly agreed ona destination = that floated upstaisto her room. She Cormwal. Tt was fr enough away that heard her mum say-Welk its na very it would feel ikea reat Roiay, but Mice locaton, anyway" Het fathers” not so far om their hometown that fesponze was too quiet to heat. getting permission would be impossible, Ae fist, they had made a Tina rolled over on her bed and stared _ list of exotic places that they would at the ceiling. For weeks she had love to visit, but they soon realised been asking her parents for that there were limits to how far permission to go on holiday with her parents could be pushed. They had Friends while her frends did the same, 89 calculated how much money they In the beginning, they had refused ‘thought their parents might provide, ‘without even discussing it but Tina and realised that their budget would knew that that was just the first never cover a trip to France, Spain, or round in a long process. Like al any ofthe other countries that had parents of teenagers, they stated __—been onthe list. So, they had decided From the safest position, the one that 0 Cornwall, with its golden beaches caused them the least worry. Tina felt and clear water. she couldn't blame them for that, but they had to be persuaded overtime to They chose a small resort on the north cchange their minds. She had finally 08st, which Tina’ friend, Amy, had got them to the point where they been to with her family, and with the were seriously considering her help of the internet they planned all suggestion, ‘the details. They knew that they had to have the answers to any objections ‘ust then, she heard her mother’s their parents could come up with. voice calking her. ‘Tina. Come ‘Amy and Lauren's parents had agreed, downstairs, dear We want to talk to but Tina knew they were much more {nanan Find these words and phrases in the article and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? hometown « cover «coast + objections « laid-back ‘peer pressure + awesome «interfering window. Her mum talking about y Tina, We understand that you'e sitaen now, and it’s important Foc yau too things with your ends. ‘and its not that we dont trust you, but a” “You have to understand, love’ her dad said, ‘that we've been looking after ‘you forthe last sixteen years, and it’s difficult for us to let you grow up. We know that youte quite sensible and that you/te not affected too much by peer pressure thankfully, so we've decided that you can go..." Tina jumped up excitedly. ‘Awesome! Wait till I tell Amy and Laurent Thanks, Mum, Thanks, Dad. You won't, regret it! Oh, TU need clothes, and a new suitcase, and ...” Her dad held his hand up. ‘Hold on. 1 haven't finished. We think its time ‘you had a hotiday with your friends, without us interfering in everything, but ... well... we haven't been away for a while...’ Tina froze, She couldn't quite believe what she was hearing. ‘What your father is tying to say’ her mum said, is that we've booked a hotel in the same town. So, youl have your independence, and we'll be there if you need us! We could even spend some time together, if your friends want to. Now, we know you won't think its ideal, but...” Tina sank slowly onto the sofa, a look of disbelief on her face. What was she {going to tell Amy and Lauren? ‘Haye youn.say!_ ‘At what age do you think teenagers should be allowed to go on holiday with their friends? Why? 19,Grammar 1 GEE OTT e \s this sentence correct or incorrect? Explain why / why not. ‘We are going on holiday to a nearby island every summer. ‘The present continuous and past continuous tenses refer to: events happening at a particular moment. * Ican't come now. |'m doing my homework. ‘When you called, | was having a bath, Litemporary situations or events. © We're staying in a wonderful hotel We were living in London fora few months last summer, Ci changing and developing situations. ‘© This area is developing quickly because of tourism. ‘© By the late 60s, many Spanish resorts were growing very quickly Ci the future (or the future in the past). ‘© Johnand Matt are going to France this summer. ‘© Iwas worried because we were having atest the next day. ‘The present perfect continuous and past perfect continuous tenses referto: events continuing up toa particular moment or stopping just beforeit. ‘© I'm tred because I've been running. ‘© We were annoyed because the hotel manager had been lying tous. ‘See Grammar database 3 on page 175 for more information. G Find this sentence in the text on page 19 and undertine it. Underline other examples of verbs used in a continuous tense. Why has the writer used a continuous tense in each case? This holiday was something that she and two of her friends had been planning for months. {© Use the verbs in brackets inthe correct frm to complet his tet G Correct these sentences. 1 {had been learning En seven years now. 2 When we were on holiday, ! was swimming every day. 3. We go on holiday tomorrow. 4 Have you ever been visiting any countries outside Europe? 5, Ihada shower when the hotel manager rang so | couldn't answer the phone. for about Use these verbs in the correct tense to complete the text. Some of the verbs may be used more than once. Last summer, 1 asa waitress ina holiday resort when |2 a great opportunity. 13 forabout a month when | 4 an ad for holiday reps. The interviews 5 —_—_ place the next day, so 16 the ‘number in the ad to ask where | had to ge. They7 ——__ to tke me when they meand they9 me 2b A group oftoursteso that weekend so |had to learn lots of | things about the resort very quickly. When the group 11 _____, | was ready. None| ofthem 12. there before so 1 +3 them all find the hotels they 44 —___inand then a5 ‘them the sights. | really 26 meeting people from different countries ‘and helping them. 117 back ‘again this summer. It's a great job!Vocabulary Travel and tourism Putthese words and phrases into the following categories: Ship, Plane and Train, express» carriage «ferry « platform cabin Now use some of these words and phrases to talk about the pictures. Word formation iS) eer] BD complete each sentence using a form ofthe word in brackets. 4. My amily runs a hotel, so I'm thinking of studying 2. [find travelling backwards on trains realy 3. Weregret to announce that the 4 Teenagers seem to prefer places like Australia to 5 Theymadean.__ 6 Inthese days of mass travel, the 7 There are a number of reasons for the 8 I've always believed that travel 9 It'sinteresting to see what 10 The Note down as many other forms of these words as you can, Dont forget to include any negative forms. Phrasal verbs: travel and tourism {D compete each phrasal verb to do with rave and tour using the wordsin the box. One ofthe words wll bused more than once, (emesis tana) 4. Asthe plane took + looked out of the window and saw the city getting smaller. 2. We're leaving for Spain on the rd May and we get ‘on the soth, 3, Weall went to the airport to see Grandma 4 The train started to speed. station 5 Have you got the tickets and passports? We need tocheck at the desk before we look round the airport shops. 6 The ferry slowed shore. aswe left the as we got closer to the at college. (TOUR) +50 | always sit facing forward. (COMFORT) of fight SA 121 has been delayed. (ARRIVE) countries when they go on holiday. (EUROPE) at the airport sayin that our fight had been delayed. (ANNOUNCE) between Europe and America seems to be much shorter. (DISTANT) inthe popularity of Iceland as a holiday destination. (GROW) the mind, (BROAD) differences existin diferent parts ofthe worl. (CULTURE) ‘of many Pacific islands rely on the money that visitors spend. (INHABIT) {BB sow match each phrasal verb rom Exercise D tothe Comet deftntion. There's one definition you do not need to use. go oan arpor, station, etc, to watch someone eave return fom hliday decrease you speed leave the ground preset yur ikl, passport and luggage tan apt toon holiday Tet epd Collocations: travel and tourism choose the correct word or phrase to complete these collocations. 1 a school excursion / trip 2 abusiness trip / journey 3. time off / out work 4 around-thewortd / round-the-earth trip 5 the holiday ofa life / 6 7 five-star /five-mark hotel holidaymakers / holidaydoers22 Listening @) Werd,power ; {harbour «quay» atractons + Opera House | _Stagting, point — ‘What place is shown in the photograph? ‘© What do you know about this city? Look at the first question from Exercise D. Write a phrase that could be used to complete the sentence. To see the harbour, you should . B steno this extract and check your answer to Exercise A. ES @) took atthe other sentences and tryto complete them. You will hear part of a radio talk about Sydney, Austral questions 1-10, complete the sentences. To see the harbour, you should The bridge connects North Sydney and. You get the best view from the bridge by crossing, ‘Some people say that the Opera House was designed to look tke a You can getinfor less ifyou are ‘The Botanical Gardens have plants from all over In Sydney there are people who come from From Sydney, Bondi Beach is located ‘Swimmers on Bondi Beach are watched by Because of the view, Taronga Zoo is a good place for 10 Have youn. say! Would you like to visit Australia? Would you like to visit an English-speaking country? ‘Which place in the world ‘would you most like to visit?Speaking BB how ten to another extract fom Speaking Part, What does Candidate B (Nick) do? 9 _Stagtind,point— FS + A photograph captures a momentin time. What tense do we use to describe the things happening inthe photograph at that moment? ‘© Aphotograph often shows an example of something. What tense do we use to talk about itin general? Look at photos A and B in Exercise Fand veaking Part 2? decide which photo each comment refers to. How should you do SPest Tj youshould Some comments may refer to both photos. Mow regen wo potouaphs and Wve Onthis holiday. a tatkabout how the thing Di ‘= you might need an experienced tour guide. compare with each 0 in great detail, making bb describe the photographs ‘© you might get bored with doing the same thing, ‘© the crowds might get on your nerves. ‘© you can get away from your everyday life. ‘= good weather is important. Gare you don't miss anvehi: Here are two photographs showing different kinds of hatiday ke you to compare them and tellus which haliday you would prefer to goon, You have about one Moke anote of one other point youcan make minute to dots, so don't wort if interupt you about each photo. G9 choose the correct words to cc complete these sentences. 1 Asafari is more / very exciting than a beach holiday. 2 Abeach holidays title /les expensive than asa. 3. Onthe / this one hand, a beach holiday is relaxing. 4 Onthe next / other hand, it can be quite boring 5 lke beach holidays, however / although | would prefer to goon star 6 Asari exciting whereas / despite a beach holiday isnt. ‘Which holiday would you prefer to go on? isten to ths extract from an interview. Which ofthese things does Candidate A (Katherine) to? " ‘she describes the first photosra? Ga detail and then the second otograph Then she talks 2 proroener ideal holiday. Candidate B, would you like to go camping? See Speaking database on page 194. 23Stegtigs,poi * 0 you ever go on holiday at times of the year other than the summer? {D Find words inthe tex to match these definitions. Read this article about holidays 4uickly and match each place tothe a isesol ecuiata 4 area ; - comect activity. 2 form of mountain transport 5 large, slow-moving mass ofice j 1 Australia A dog sledding 3. comfort and quality 6 putting clothes, etc, in suitcases 2 Chamonix 8 cross country sking . 3 Jukkasjarvi C sunbathing © villdays are a summer thing, One of the more popular places to 4 Alaska —D-_stayinginaanice right? Sun, sandand sea? find itis in Chamonix, inthe hotel LJ Perhaps, but the traditional French Alps, at the foot of Mont view of a holiday asa time to Blanc, The 1924 Winter Olympics GB Read the ith paragraph ofthe text and sear ra ae ‘were held there, and cach year decide if these statements are true or -your tan is ray ‘visitors from all over the world false. na ‘come to enjoy the spectacular + Thehoteis very comfortable. Scenery and winter spot. ‘More and more of us are i , ‘away from it all inthe winter, 2 You can visitthe hotel at any time of year ‘Chamonix caters for beginners, 3, Thetemperature at the hotels usually the real appeal of this resort isthe below freezing r ‘ross country skitralls and ski 4 Guests often complain about the extreme cold.Jukkasjarvi, a village in northern Swedish Lapland. Here, every November, 100 tons of ice and 300 tons of snow become the Ice Hotel. Its constructed in, November and lasts until the end of April, when the spring sun finally wins the battle and the hotel melts. 4 There are around 300 rooms with beds of ice covered with reindeer skins and thermal sleeping bags. They keep you warm in temperatures between -4°C and -9°C, although it has been known to drop to -25", Just don’task the management to ‘um up the heating or you might find yourself without @ room! ‘The hotel includes an fce-art ‘exhibition, am ice sauna and a cinema with a huge screen carved sg ut of, you've guessed If that's not er (2 ty i é together into the great unknows 6 Spending the night in comfortable log cabins and the day exploring the vast iy glaciers with ‘your team of dogs, you'll vow never to waste a week Iying on a beach again! surrounding region, including skating at the local rink, and it's a short tip to the town of Kiruna for the Snow Festival. 5 Learn something about the local ‘Sami culture and find out what it's really like to spend your life in the snow, ‘Today's winter wanderer has so ‘many options that there's no excuse for just sitting at home staring at grey skies. 7 ‘More and more companies are realising that we don't all want to spend Christmas eating turkey and sitting watching the TV. Find ‘out more from your local travel When you've had enough, relaxation, take the daredevil in you on a winter wilderness adventure. Fy into Anchorage, ‘Alaska, forthe start of your dog sledding tour. You'll travel out of town by car and by snowmobile where your adventure begins. You'l be shown how tohandle sent anid get packing! your huskies by an experienced guide and then you'll se off Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can you work out wihat they mean from the context? bound to flock - appeal «constructed thermal «carved «rink + huskies» vow ‘Which of these winter resorts, ‘would you prefer to visit? What other kinds of winter holiday can you think of?eS Grammar 2 Ram ‘Which of these words completes the sentence? s0/such/too/enough twas ___ awonderful holiday that | can’t wait to go back there. Complete these sentences using 3, such oo or enough. 1 The resort was busy that | didn't really enjoy our holiday. 2 lewas abit hot for ust spend the dayon the beach, 3. Wegottothe hotel early that our oom hadn't been cleaned. 4 There wasn't time for usto se all the sights. 5 i's ane day that we should go tothe beach. 6 The neighbours were _ _ friendly people that we went out for dinner with them. Rewrite each pair of sentences as one sentence using the word siven in bold. ‘The resort was very big. We got lost a few times. so The hotel was very expensive. We couldn't stay there. too ‘Australia isa long way away. It takes a day to get there. such ‘The weather's quite bad. We aren't going to the beach. enough The hotel was very dirty. We decided to stay somewhere else. such The hotel was very dirty, We decided to stay somewhere else. so ''m young. My mum won't let me go on holiday with my friends. too 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Does this sentence referto the past, the present or the future? {1am used to staying in hotels, usedto Copast states © Weused own a holiday hhome around here. Copast habits # Weused 0 come here on holiday every year when I was chil, would Copast habits © We would come here on holiday every year when I was achild be/get used to (Csitations that are now familiar orno longer strange © twas strange staying ina ‘hotel at first, but | soon got used to it. ‘See Grammar database 5 on page 176 for more information. B ct00se tne correct word or pase. 1 When was younger, we have ent and we went camping tot ausedto — bwould were sed to 2 Ourneighbours sometimes came with us hollday. awould bwereused ta C gotused to 3. Mymum business ps Aisusedto busedto ¢ would 4 |___tke beach hotidays, but now find them ait boring aamusedto bwould cusedto 5 You useto go to summer camp when you were a boy Dad avid Would cWere going away on {i Make sentences about you and your famly sing used fo and would.[S) Use of English een Te) iH tea the text in Exercise B. 3 Dede whether hese esi ar nK ate nor tick : Decide whether tese |_| basis ech gap, Use oly one Word in each i sap. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. ELLEN MACARTHUR 4. Ellen Macarthur started sailing when she was eight. ‘She bought her first boat when she was eighteen, 3 Shewas the first woman to Imagine you're sailing at night with a hurricane sail alone around Britain. blowing, thousands of miles from the nearest 4 She communicates with dry land. Suddenly, there is (a) loud people while she is at sea. noise and your sail breaks free. Your only chance (2) survival sto climb the mast in the darkness and fix @ + even though you haven't slept for two days, It's all just part ould you do Use of ofa typical working day for Ellen Macarthur, the first woman to sail alone He @ the world. English Part 2? ‘When you have chosen words £0 to-go on sailing trips (6) holiday with her aunt fil all the gaps, you should it years old and she fel in love with it. She (7) _ ‘a read the whole text again {go sailing whenever she could and she saved all her pocket money until ‘quickly to see ifit makes finally she (8) able to buy her frst boat, an 8ft dinghy. When she sense. was 18, Ellen sale alone around the coast of Britain, (9) wasa b goontoPart3immediately. great achievement. Now, as well as (10) ‘a famous sailor, she is an author and her stories of her adventures at sea are very popular. She likes, a) keep in touch with people while she's in the middle of the a ocer t2) rey forheronlineandyoumight —,.,? He/She quickly adapted an existing product. —_ ead the text ver SOM issuing that his waren erie 2 tl Se ‘The inventor had borrowed some money. 3 A Wiam read the text fist. Tren ft ‘The invention eventually led to great wealth for the inventor. 14. each question, scan i ra ‘The inventor got an idea from another culture. 5 the beginning until answer. 38.\ 9. Where did they come froin? | Angela Stewart looks at four everyday items we take for granted and J asks ‘Where did they come from?’. that he ran out of dishes. 1ic looked around, and. ‘aw a Syrian man selling, a Middle Eastern dessert called ‘Zalabia', awafer like pastry sold with syrup. Give He Zalabia, cried! Menches. He rolled up the Zalabia into a cone, scooped his ice cream onto the top and the second ice-cream cone was born! You know that white stuf you paint on paper to cover mistakes? It was originally called ‘Mistake Out’ and was the inyention of Bette Nesmith Graham. After her divorce, she realised she would have 10 find a job to Suppor jherselfand her son, so in 1951 she became a typist. Unfortunately she was n0t a particularly good Cone, and Soon recognised the need for a white paint which could be used to coven all her mistakes, Using her kitdlien and garage as a laboratoryandifi@tory, she gradually developedi@iproduct that other secretaries ancvoffice workers began to,buy. While continuing t work ‘aA secretary, she eclucated herself in business methods and! Promotion. Bette offered ‘Mistake Out to IBM, who sumed it down. Undeterred, she changed the namé to ‘Liquid Paper’ and continued O/SEl it from home for the next seventeen years, In 1979, ‘Liquid Paper’ was bought by Gillete for $47.5 million plus royalties! Incidentally, Bette was also the mother of Mike Nesmith, a member of the ‘welF-known sixties pop group ‘The Monkees Find words or phrases in the article which are similar in meaning to these words and phrases. don't think about (subtitle) lots of (paragraph A) suddenly (paragraph A) given, allowed to have (paragraph B) slowly, step-by-step (paragraph ©) ‘unrelated tothe subject (paragraph ©) solved the problem (paragraph D) close (50 the air cant get in or out) (paragraph D) 3 4 5 6 7 8 GQ Strangely enough, the first practical tin opener was developed more than forty years after the metal tin \was introduced. Tinned food was developed for the British Navy in 1813. Made of solid iron, the tins usually weighed more than the food they held Although the inventor, Peter Durand, successfully figured out how to seal food into tins, he gave litle thought as to how to get it out again. The jnstructions read: ‘Cut round the top with a chisel and hammer! It was only when steel tins were Drought out thatthe tin opener was invented, The first was devised by Ezra Wamer in 1858. This ype never left the shop, asa shop assistant opened all tins before they were taken away! The more modern tin opener, with a cutting wheel, was invented by William Lyman in 1870. Pullopen tins which do noc need a tin opener at all, were introduced! in 1966, Work it out) Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? debt - brainwave «emigrated ran out of «undeterred «chisel Have youn.say! How important were each of these inventions? How different would the modern world be if they hadn't been invented?Grammar 2 Lis ‘Which box in the table below should each of these sentences be put into? The digital camera | bought is great! I'm going to get a digital camera. ‘The digital camera has changed the nature of photography. Digital cameras are stil quite expensive. ‘singular countable plural countable uncountable a/an —onenon-specific x x thing: ‘haven't ot ‘computer. If the next word begins witha vowel sound, use‘: haven't got an umbrela the onesspeciicthing: several specific specific: The This isthe things: These technology in computerhich! are the CDs Itold_ this equipment toldyou about. you about. Isvery general group or advanced, category: The tin ‘openers a great Invention. noarticle x generally: Cars generally: Causepoliton. Tecnology s nothing new. {G9 book at these phrases from the article on page 38 and answer the questions. more than forty years after the metaltin was introduced. 1 Isthisone speciitin or metal tins general? member ofthe «pop g70UP = 2 le this one specific pop group ot pop groups generaly? 9 There are ten mistakes wth articles inthis paragraph. Find them and correc them. The Jason Tarbuck, a inventor from UK, has come up with an ~ unique way to prevent the le from locking themselves tof their houses. Invention, led the LockSafe, uses the all electronic sensor on a light beam from the key or key che | sh “She's at school. (as a student oF | teached) | ashe’ at the school. (5 avisiton \ Choose the correct form of the verb to complete this sentence. | want to bean astronaut when I will ‘grow / grow up. (ater certain time words and Phrases, we use a present tense (present simple, present continuous, present perfect) even though we are referring to the future. (© when: /'¥l buy a computer when | have enough money. ‘© as soon as: Send me a text message 1s soon as you artve. © before: tum offthe lights before | leave. © after: Can you lend me that DVD after, ‘you've watched it? © until / til: PU wait until you get online. © while (4 think of you while you're doing your science exam. ‘See Grammar database 8 on page 178 for more information, Gy iointhese sentences using the word ar phase in bold. 1 The price of stereos wil come down soon, The my brother wil buy ene when 2 ins the science report. Then hand itn immediatly. as soon as 3 You fll asleep. After tat the doctors willstr the operation. before 4 You cant use your bankcard at the moment The bank wllsend you 2 PIN number andthe you can use unt 5 Im going to watch that movie tonight on TRilvdeoitforyou at the same time. wile D complete nese sentences about you. 1 Assoonasl. later today, tonight I wont. unt. When I. tomorrow. While. ths evening, Before |Use of English Read the text in Exercise 8 pra auickly and decide these statements are true (Dor Read the text below and tink ofthe word which bes ts each gap. Use only one Cr Pores aoe) false (F). word in each gap. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 1. Thettext mentions Eyes poner TIF WIRELESS ELECTRICITY 2 Thetext describes a Al of us in the developed world use electricity every day in many different ways. new way of getting As (a) ‘as we walk into a room we turn on lights without even thinking power. TIF aboutit. We expect that when we fick a switch, the power (2) bethere 3 Thetext says some “any time ofthe night or day and if for any reason our poweris cut (3) people already have it creates major problems. Today's homes are full (4) electrical sockets wireless electricity, —T/F and every day millions of us plug our mobile phones, laptops and PDAs in to charge 6) batteries. This could become a thing of the past, though, How should you do Use of developing wireless electricity. English Part 2? oniylook attwo words on | Think of wf, Ut qute recent all computers connected 0 (7) each side of each g9P internet had to be connected to a phone line. Today, many computers are capable tecause they always tell you | of using (€) _____ wireless connection, giving the computer user much whatthe missing wordis. (6) freedom. Researchers want to do the same with electricity. In the bb Lookcarefully atallthe | future, instead of plugging your mobile into the wall, out be abe to charge it words in a sentence because ) simply (10) ___leavingit near the power supply in your home. We can all luestothemissingwo"d | (3) __ forward to.a day when the idea of connecting a TV to a hole inthe could appear anywhere | yall will seem very old-fashioned. (12) then, well al just have to keep plugging things in. Look tthe gaps in Exercise D and decide what kind of word (noun, adjective ee) is required fr each gap. Read the text below, Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits inthe gap in the same line. Write your answers IN. CAPITAL LETTERS. The Modern Kitchen Thomas Edison knew his new (3) the ight bulb, would be INVENT @ __., but its unlikely that he realised quite how much we REVOLUTION would come to rely on this new source of power. For example, the () of electricity has completely changed the kitchen. INTRODUCE The modern kitchemis overflowing with electrical (4) _.We APPLY boil our water with electric kettles, cook on electric cookers and pput our dirty dishes inthe (5). Itshard to imagine how DISH we would survive without all this (6) __. Before electricity, EQUIP people spent much longer preparing food. These days, fora busy parent whose kids are hungry, the simplest (7) isto SOLVE take some (8) food out of thefreezer and pop itin the FREEZE ‘microwave, It might not always be the healthiest option, but at, least its quick. That's rather an (6) on having to cooka meal IMPROVE from scratch. Its been particularly (20) _forwomen—no BENEFIT longer do they have to stay all day chained to the cooker. How should you do Use of English Part 32 Don't worry too much about spelling because you get a mark ifit’s nearly right. b_ Be very careful with your Spelling because if you ‘make one spelling mistake, it's wrong,Writing: article &&® Stanting,point— * Look at the pictures. How much do we depend on the technology shown? oe mC + What are some of the drawbacks of relying on technology? (0) ead this article and undertne any ofthe drawbacks you mentioned. 9992992992929929999' Why I'm not a fan of modern technology ‘are you worried about how much we rely on technology? |am, and the | situation's getting worse every Year. ‘ve got friends in my class who can't do simple Iculator just to work out six times seven! And ther spend their free time in That's not ‘Technology makes us lazy. maths ~ they have to use a cal | many teenagers | know would ra | front of their computer than meet their friends. healthy! What's more, .--- ike i 2 Will everyone be ‘What will life be like in a hundred years: , unemployed because robots will be doing all the jobs? Will the environment be completely polluted? Will... ? {think ‘that’s a possbblity, and it's frightening. Technology is here to stay, and some ofits very beneficial, but we es oh carat, We should use technology to make our Ives easier, not let it cour way of life. 0B Read the antici again and answer these question. Does the witer use © contractions ('ve, ete)? G Complete the unfinished sentences ‘formal expressions likeMoreover, Furthermore’ tc? in paragraphs 2 and 3 using your ‘very formal, semi-formal, or very informal language? ‘own words and ideas. Make sure Find two examples that the writer gives to illustrate a point. vou use he ai svt Find an expression that means the same as ‘Moreover Why does the writer ask questions in the article? ‘Where do you think you would find an article like this? Have youn.sey! a) ina scientific journal b) in a magazine for teenagers 6) ina physics textbook 6 Ifthe article appeared in either of the other two options, how would it be different? 3 4 5nye 3 TEER] How should you write an article? Look at who the readers of your - article willbe, and choose the Your school magazine fs runing series of appropiate level of formal articles under te itle"Why Ima fan of Di iee pees modern technology’. Write an article to the person, ae Se appear in the series expressing your opinion. REISE See Wrtng database on page further information. "SE © Answer these questions. © Make a paragraph pan. You should have at least 4 Wie going med your arti Parag What are ou gong tinue ech 2 Should it be very formal? Paragraphs 3, Should you have an introductory paragraph? ; 44 Shouldyousive some examplesto support your GQ Wilteyourartclein s2o.a8o wordsin an Spa yous appropiate syle. 5 Should you come to a conclusion at the end? Makeaalistin note form af general benefits of ‘modern technology. eg helps us communicate Next to each point in your lis, note down an examples . followed your paragraph plan ‘eg if stuck in trafic can call on your mobile siven some examples Discuss these withthe lass. een on tried to interest the reader checked your spelling and grammar 0000Werd,power—* ‘wealthy «afford «get by - poverty ‘wel off «badly off, oe UI KY * Compare these two photographs of different people. Describe what you think their lives are like. ) ead the ttle and subtitle ofthe following article, What i itabout? ©) Reed the article quickly and find hat kindof business each person runs. Mare Maiffret ‘Mike Becker Andy Wolf Robert Tuchman John Christakos 44 You are going to read an article from a magazine about business. For questions 1-15, choose from the people (A-E). The people may be chosen more than once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. ‘AMARC MAIFFRET D ROBERT TUCHMAN B MIKE BECKER JOHN CHRISTAKOS CANDY WOLF Which ofthe people mention the following? Hike making money out of something Have doing. rao You should learn from how other companies dothings. 3 ‘Most people don't try to benefit from theirideas. 4 You may have to lear new skils. 5 You shouldn't follow all the advice you are given. 6 7 I didn't get the right experience before I started 8 Young people have to work harder to be successful. 9 It's important tohave aclearideaofyouraims. 10 112 You need to allow time for enjoying yourself. 13, found a new way to do something. 4 You shouldn't give up ifyou Fall. 5 iyo td 3 a yrds or phrases in the text which have a similar ‘When you find wor meaning to words oe se that paragraph/ person as the correct a ye ry carefully before choosing bread the relevant sentences ver your answer. ©) Find these words and phrases in the text. Match them to the correct definitions. 2 fortune a put money into business 2 setup b customers 3. invested ¢_businessmen/women 4 company 4. start (@ business) 5 product fe abusiness 6 clients F large amount of money 7 cheap 8 Wwhata business sells 8 entrepreneurs inexpensiveearl wi hate going to school and = tuned to hacking out of boredom. Now twenty-one, he as made a fortune out of computer seeuriy. "The thin 'm happy e e bout is that my bigest passion in fe something that actually makes a good brusiness,' says Maifret. So what advice does Mare have for young people? Be ready to work lot you're younger, it Ready to take your first steps down the road to independence? Then ishanler to impress people. You'd beter take the advice of these young millionaires all under 30. They know ‘oe ready to make work your only focus what it takes to succeed. and now what you want o ac come ted wan HE6 og pda Nl Jon hss a hiss rT en nannsrracy thse ting are righ. Believe in yoursell ‘parmers could lord designer eae ae ae mat and don't ge up. Youve to havea plan funiture when they were students so " and sick i they decided wo produce thei ovn eee They all studied business and knew er than going high-tech, Mi « that there was large market for chip 7 Sport has made Robert Tuchman wel re wetin th oppostedeton. FF re wan ithaaing Aerts fre The sess As a teenager, he collected toys and , % sort abaieess riffion Sa at theca pere avers, he coulda’ nda job in now wor : “ems rom i duldhond ken there teeision, so he worked in advertising, __ When asked for his ace 0 =< vere peopl ke me out there so setup k Peceprencinr Gia et = 2 coollitl busines based on what ‘Wt companies really wanted wasto ake | PE ON te cee bourke aT ‘othe small companies in othe eld love, he sys. Becker decided to bring back the bobblehead (aplastic toy that you wear on your head) and invested his savings of $35,000 in his business. His company now makes around $2 millon established a business odo tat. We now never did that, so we discovered make around $10 million year Ifyou Problems and solutions for the fist want o be successful, you've gotto go for ime. Ifyou were thinking of going into iL Don'teverletanyonesayiteantbe —_‘businesson your own you'd learn a aye. Bevery clear abou viiis de fitdoenr work thefit ine phe I Hom heh nd expences you're selling. Ask yourself whether i thereisamarket fort Be prepared to Hay 0 make itwork. So, whatever our interes are, you extend your range of abilities,’ Becker ‘want to make illo, the advises. ‘Everyone comes across a good ‘opportunities are there, Every ‘idea in their fe, but they seldom do billionaire has to start somewhere! anything about it's relly about putting \ ielenpeie Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can ~ you work out what they mean from the context? ‘The god idea tat Andy Wolf came up ties decorate Hyon sail hacking» ddeaton sng «seldom «ge up = gofor it ° suonboar hens, You are billocie surrounded by snow al you cat do Baa shteboard wks wanted odo bath, so I came up with the snowskate. t's eas umat: like a snowboard you don't tie to your Heveyoursay\ feet His producti becoming so What are the possible problems of being popular that mountain resorts are staring to build snowskte pars, tis very wealthy? advice? "There are definitely set ideas on _~Grammar 1 Condition: (Oa Does this sentence refer to the past or the present? IF had more money, | would buy another CD. Ci zero conditional Ifa present tense +a present tense ‘© used for general or scientific truths ‘Ifyou have your own business, you work very hard. Cifirst conditionat if present tense + wil (or other modal + bare infinitive I+ present tense + imperative used for real or likely situations Ifyou are having problems, your bank manager will try to help. Ifyou are having problems, speak to your bank manager. [second conditional {past (simple or continuous) + would (or other modal) + bare infinitive '* used for impossible, unikely or hypothetical situations If were you, | would set up my own business. ‘See Grammar database 9 on page 178 for more information. Find this sentence nthe article on page 4s and under you're younger. it isharderto impress peopl. Find another five conditional sentences and undertine them. Decide whether each one isa zero, first or second conditional. ircle the correct words or phrases to complete these sentences. 1 had enough money, Iwill / would buy a new computer. We'll We'd get there before the shops close if we hurry up. Ifyou don't have the receipt, they won't / wouldn't give you your money back. _ 5 always spend / would spend too much money if go / went shopping. Use these prompts to write sentences using I 1 1/be /you/1/askmy parents for more pocket money 2 you / win / the lottery / what / you / do with the money? 3. the shops / busy this afternoon / we / drive to the new supermarket charities / have more money / people / be / more generous 5 you / go/ tothe police / you / find / someone's wallet? | always buy clothes inthe latest style, it can / could afford it. ‘Complete these sentences for yourself 1 fcharities ask me for money, 2 IF goshopping, 3. il have alte extra money, .. 4. If needed more money, . Take some money —__you see something you want to buy. of these words and phrases completes the sentence above? unless, in case, as long as, provided that Cluntess = except get you some new trainers, unless they'e too expensive. (iin case = because... might Let's leave now in case the shops close early. V'lllend you some money as long as / provided that you pay me back tomorrow. ‘See Grammar database 10 on page 179 for more information, {BB Use the phrases inthe box to complete the tert. You can use the phrases more than once. (cantata) WINNING THE LOTTERY aire Owen had never won anything, 1 You count a spelling contest ‘when she was seven. Then, one day, she won twenty millon euros on the national lottery. “Tasked my husband to pinch me 2 | was dreaming! laughs Claire. "Then | started topanic3 Id lostthe ticket, but | hhadit safely in my purse. I knew the win could affect my life badly 4 | was careful, Dut thought | would be okay 5 used the money wisely. linvested some, 6 | needed itn the future, and I gave some to friends and family Being rch is ‘okay, 7 you remember who you are ‘and who your true trenas are.Vocabulary Money Each ofthe nouns in bold is inthe wrong sentence, Write the corect word or phrase. 1 Ifyou don't have te discount, 'm afraid we cant sve you yourmoney back. 2 This computer game I bought from here doesn't work so ike receipt, please. Only €20 for such a nice dress? That's a real checkout! 4 Buy two boxes of washing powder and well give you acashpolnt of 20%! ‘went back to the newsagent’s because the assistant had given me too much, credit card 6 Youcan pay for your fight over the phone ifyou have a currency. Just a second. need to goto the change to get some money. Iwas at the supermarket and | got tothe bargain and suddenly realised | \ dida'thave any money! 9 To order your copy of TeenScene, send a refund for €5 to the address belov. 10 The cheque in aly used tobe the lira, uni they started using the eur, Phrasal verbs: business and money GB Match each phrasal verb todo with business and money tothe correct meaning, 1 Tom doesn’thave much money so he often has to do ‘a avoid spending money, often for a specific without expensive holidays. purpose 2. I'm saving up to get a new skateboard, b_ stop doing business completely 3 They don't have much money, but they get by. € live without having something you can't afford 4 Sarah was shocked to hear that she had come into alarge d_retur something to the shop you bought it ‘amount of money. from 5m thinking of setting up a company to sell jewellery. manage to survive on a small amount of money 6 Iyournew watch doesn't work, take it back. £ start (@ business, ete) 7 Lots of local businesses have closed down recently. 8 inherit Word formation 7 itigntworthit. | Complete this table. Include al posible forms you can think OO Near worth ah including negative forms. - Frou» | verb | adjective Confusable words: business ccoresty and money D choose the correct word to complete each sentence, 1. The countrys facing serious economic / economical problems. 2 It would be more economic / economical if we all went in one car instead of two 3 Doyou think you could tend / borrow me ten euros until tomorrow? 4 Idon'tlike lending / borrowing money expense from my fiends, SSeS 5. My dad has decided to go into business / company as an accountant, 6. My family has a dry-cleaning industry / company, s0 |help out at weekends. advertise finance commercialise48 * Doyourparents give you an amount of money every week? + Doyou have to do anything for the money they sive you? (0) vecide whether you agree (A or disagree (0) with these statements. Explain your choices. 4. Teenagers today have more money than teenagers in the past. ao 2. Theres more to spend your money con today than in the past. no 3. Teenagers are more likey to work for money than inthe past aD @ Pead the questions in Exercise Cand decide Whether the following statements are probably true or false. 1 The person being interviewed works for an organisation called Moneyspot. T/F 2 Alison is the name of the person asking the questions in the interview. WF 3. Alison talks about how parents today sive money to their children. uF 4, Alison talks about how teenagers today spend their money. WF 5. Alison mentions how teenagers use the internet to spend money. WF 6 Alison only talks about what teenagers do, not their parents, UF 7. Alison thinks getting a parttime job is a bad idea for teenagers. vWF How should y Coury You will hear an interview with a financial expert. For questions +7, choose the best answer (f, Bor What is the main purpose of Moneyspot? to advise young people on saving money to persuade people to save more money to provide information about economic conditions ‘What does Alison say about teenagers in the past? They got less money than teenagers today. They got their money from different sources than teenagers today. They got more money from working than teenagers today. ‘Alison says that many parents today don't lke giving their teenage children money. put money into a bank account for their teenagers. are too busy to remember to give their children money. poe Most teenagers’ money today is spent on things that weren't available to buy in the past. things that teenagers inthe past weren't interested in, the same things teenagers in the past spent their money on. What difference does Alison say the internet has made? Teenagers can buy things they couldn’t find in the shops inthe past. B_ Teenagers are less likely to want to learn how to drive than in the past. ‘Teenagers can find things much cheaper than they are in the shops. Alison suggests that parents generally don’t understand how good teenagers are with money. don’t give their teenage children enough money. don't encourage their teenage children to save properiy. Alison suggests teenagers work part-time even though its unlikely to help them in their future careers. nobody really wants to employ young people. the law limits the amount of work they can do. Rers aero eo Nery nara “ emt ss tion in the listening SO remember on eA eae earlier questions could come at » Teasers crs eae foe eatvay ea te besoin jestions don't cor _Have youn say! ‘money for someone your ageSpeaking Le. _ Werd,powe: ‘comer shop + convenient Startind,poinit— + Which ofthe placesin the pictures) Make notes to complete tis table. 40 you prefer to shop at? Why? Doyou agree or disagreewith these Have you ever bought ‘statements? Explain why. ‘Shopping on the internet can be ‘What kinds of things do dangerous because you never know people buy who to trust. What are two advantages “Smal comer shops have more of shopping character than large department F stores. ‘We should just have huge How do you feelabout supermarkets that sell everything, shopping ..? GD teste ths candidate comparing) compare your answers. Make a not of god ideas you hea. think the photographs he is talking about might show? Here ae two photographs showing diferent ways of shopping. Uike you to compare them and tell us how you feel about these jopping. You have about one minute to do this, o don't Listen again. The candidate uses fve different words and phrases for giving examples. Make a note of them, bistento what they are savingReading 2 @® G Read the first two paragraphs ofthe article and match each —Weond,power— {_ td aimed at «brand + marketing Stapting,poinit— | q Werd,power * What does this picture show? Do you think there are too many ads on TV? country to the statement that describes that country. Sweden people think children learn something useful from France advertisements the UK b_ advertisements fortoys are not allowed a certain times, Greece € alladvertsing aimed at young children is banned advertising food to children is controlled ene ‘Views concerming advertising aimed at children differ widely in Europe. In Sweden it 's considered unacceptable and is banned for children under 12 with the approval ofthe ‘majority ofthe population. in France advertisements are seen as part of preparing children for future lie in a consumer society. ‘There seems to be agreement that certain. regulations a leat are necessary. However, the degree to which advertising to children is. regulated again varies widely from country to country. Inthe UK, there are rules on food advertising, heath, hygiene, safety and decency and there are restrictions on broadcast time (for alcohol, medicines and slimming products). Greece has a ban on advertisements for children's toys between 7 am and 10 pm and a total ban on advertisements for war toys. ‘You are going to read a newspaper article about children and advertising. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A.B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. 1 Most people in Sweden 5 Ads aimed at children are more powerful when they are ‘A. agree withthe ban on advertising to children, A connected to schoolwork 8 would prefer children to learn about advertising. B shown during childrens programmes. think children have aright to view advertisements. C_ shown at breakfast time, would lke to introduce a ban on advertising to D shown on a weekday ee 6 The text implies that advertisements in the past 2 According tothe text, which ofthese ads wouldbe A presented a diferent ifestyle allowed in Greece? B ere more attractive to children. ‘A anad fortoy soldiers at pm focused more onthe product. 8 anadforanew game at 1pm showed toys children didn't want. Canad fora doll a 6am D) af ad for femteccraroledearet spr 7 What do children learn from advertising? ‘A how to live ina modern economy 3. When adults don't find something they have seen nan B howto have a successful career advertisement, © which TV characters re popular An they can oftenbe quite childish about it what to doto work in advertising B itbecomes irrelevant to them. they don’t understand why it was advertised. ys Wie Wietcied a Neue ower ol — D. they continue looking until the find it. companies? ‘A. They often sell products which are unsafe. 4 According to the text, why do companies spend a loton B They often use children in their advertisements. advertising? € They don't understand how children react to ads. A is successful at persuading peopletobuytheie __Theyjust wanttomakea lot of money out of cir. products. ' 8 itmeans they are able toinfluencethecontent ,.,.jould you do Reading Part * SPV pomennes. Peo { from start to finish and think about the € [teaches people how advertsingworks, __& ‘Rea the text from sare PsA TT D They know that people prefer the ads to the ne Dean ‘continue like this. eas bb find the paragraph that each question refers to and study that paragrab! that question. jh carefully while you think aboutChildren's reactions to advertisements can be very diferent ‘rom grown-ups. If adults see a product advertised and ‘ont findit when they go shopping they forget about it. As children develop the ability to recognise and understand ads and their purpose they stat making demands. I these demands ae nat fuifiled they might start screaming or ‘throwing themselves tothe floor. Iti dificult to explain to young chitdren the reasons wit they cannot have everthing which - according to advertising ~ is ‘for them’ Research by advertising agencies has confirmed that children's personal preferences can be targeted and changed by TV advertising. aduts, who have had years Of practice in seeing through and being able to deal with ads, could not be influenced in their decisions to choose or buy products then no company would spend milions on advertising. Research has also confirmed the influence of ‘the media upon the close match between children’s tastes ‘and the content of the programmes they watch, Teachers say they know what has been on TV the night before bythe games the children play the next day. The effectiveness of jE Find words or short phrases inthe text to match these definitions, shopper (paragraph 1) rules (paragraph 2) rule saying something isnot allowed (paragraph 2) companies that produce ads (paragraph 4) how high up you are in society (paragraph 5) ‘way oftiving your life (paragraph 6) advertising increases when the ads are shown in between ‘or around programmes aimed at children, or when children perceive an advertisement to be made for them’ as, for example, with toys or breakfast cereals. ‘Advertisements today are nat so much about the products but rather about the character ofthe consumers and how they should feet when they use or possess the advertised product. Messages to children are all about the happiness, sorial status or success which accompany the possession ‘or consumption ofa certain toy or type of food. ‘Advertisement research found thatthe media can shape children's preferences fr different toys, TV characters, lifestyles, etc at diferent ages. Children's preferences are formed by the media and presented to them again in advertising. Children who are exposed to alot of advertising are thus educated about a particular lifestyle: they are educated about living ina consumer society. They leam certain attitudes —the importance of money, what products are needed, how they are tobe used and how products are supposed to make them fee. ‘Allowing business interests and economic criteria to determine what children are exposed to when watching ads will undoubtedly have some effect on thelr future view ot society. Afterall, the companies certainly do not have the children's moral or sacal well-being in mind; they are only ‘concerned about profits. Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? Fnygiene + demands «seeing through, Have youn.sey!_ Do you agree with these statements? ‘Advertising aimed at young children should be controlled. Parents should let young children ‘watch anything they want an TV. @Money >) Grammar 2 Choose the corect words to complet thstext Monee Your money are on your desk where you left them, Isthis sentence correct o Explain why. CJ Some nouns are countable. We can use "a! or ‘an’ with these words. ‘© dog, two dogs, many dogs correct? (1) Some nouns are uncountable. We can't use ‘aor ‘an’ with these words. Mast of these are singular and take a singular verb (is,not are). ‘© money, some money, not much money, The money is. Ci some of them are plural and take a plural verb ‘© jeans, some jeans, My jeans are... cates {©} Exlain the ciference in meaning between each ofthese ‘much: uncountable nouns, usually in balks of words. negative sentences and questions wood | a wood paper /a paper a EnV ee aUet i e coffee / acoffee iron fan iron sanjenirfatie vouregusuelly i chicken / a chicken chocolate / a chocolate negative sentences and questions glass /aglass © Idon't have many Cbs, Complete these phrases using the words inthe box. Find all. alot of, lots of: both countable and the possible answers, uncountable nouns Ihave lots of friends. information - jeans » knowledge ‘© Mrfones has a lat of money. few: countable nouns, = ‘not many’ 2 abitof. 4 apairof ‘© Ihave few fiends in my 2 a piece of 5. asheet of ieacce 3. aslice of ____ 6 anitemof. afew: countable nouns, = "some, not © am happy ft have a few close friends. need some new cothes: need a new clothes: little: uncountable nouns, = ‘not much’ my pti al a Circle the correct words or phrases to complete these litte: uncountable nouns, = some, not beanie none’ : 1 Ihave little / a little free time, so why don’t we go shopping? » havealttle money, so icon affordto -«--Hans Rausingisa very private man and has few / a few oe ve contacts with the press. 3 Ihave solittle /a little money that | don't know how I'm going to pay the rent. See Grammar databases 11 and 12 on pages 4 Can give you back the money | owe you in few / a few days? 4379 and 380 for more information. 5 I'veonly been to this shop few / a few times before. 6 You might succeed in business if you make title / alittle effortHow should you do U: G tee Ie of English Use of English IFyou don't you don't know what one of the answers means, you should 6 Read the text in Exercise B quickly to answer this question. @ choose itifyou think the other How do German teenagers differ from French and British teenagers? words are wrong. > never choose tb cause it mi be wrong, es Read the text below and decide which All the girls who were interviewed (11) ___for clothes regularly, half answer (A, B,C or D) best fits each gap. _of them buying something from a department store or a large clothes ‘shop at least once a month. They also see it as a (12) __ activity and TETAS TALS PIN Le] 22'n# 017d the shops with their friends isthe main way they learn what the latest trends are. large-scale (3) __has been done by advertisers on the spending (2) of today'stecnagers, Rhus). wih + Aresearch study question __D search some fascinating results. Girls across 2 Acustoms Bactions ——-Chabits D methods Europe ranging in age roms to 18 were 3 Atumedout Bcomeup Cgonedown _D brought out, interviewed. The researchers (4)_that_ 4 Acreated invented discovered _D portrayed these giiswanttobesuccessfuland == 5 qreach © Bsucceed Cmanage =D achieve sophisticated and are willing to spend to (Q_ thelookthey wantwhenthey © Agoes Bakes Comes D brings hhave the money, that is! 7 amount Blot C piece Dunit 8 Agofor Bwearout Cake back D make up cone So Ee cet oe 9 Aconcerned Binterested Ckeen D focused Perce) ottrernainn Cm matte Cwear a coming out ofthe study isthat German 4 Ashop Buy Cparchass: _Dpay teenagers (8) __ clothes that are 12 Aftiendly — Bteam linked D social practical and comfortable, while British and French teenagers are more (9) about appearance, although they all How should you do Use of English Part 4? agreed that the clothes should (20) When you have comple eee rite have completed the second sentence, you 2. read both sentences again to check the meaning. b immediately write your answer on the answer sheet ‘Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and ive words, including the word given. Write the ‘missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 1. You'll never have enough money fora new mobile 4 A great deal has changed in this area since the new ifyou don't save litle each week. shopping centre opened. unless many You'lInever haveenough money fora new mobile ‘There in this area since the new shopping alittle each week. centre opened 2 li get you a book for your birthday, provided that 5 Lent Frances fifty euros last month and she stil. Ive got enough money. hasn't given itback. tong from Hl get you a book for your birthday, Te Frances last month and she still hasn't got enough money. sivenit back. 3 There isn't much moneyleftin my bank account. 6 [started work at nine o'clock this morning and stil otiy, haven't finished! There ___ money left in my bank account. aay ieee finished! nine this morning and | stil haven't 5354, Stargtind,point. What do these photographs show? * Doyou do any ofthese chores at home? Who does these jobs? = washing up. ~ tidying up your room, = taking out the rubbish. cleaning the car G) Read this writing task and these extracts fom two essays. Do the extracts come from the beginning or the end of the essays? You have had a class discussion on money and your teacher hhas asked you to write an essay giving your opinion on the following question: Should teenagers eam their pocket money? Write your essay in 120-180 words in an appropriate style. Decide how good you think the two extracts are, Consider the following points Compare your answers. + formality + relevance to topic ‘© use of grammar * use of discursive phrases + vocabulary ‘+ sentence length / complexity Ik conclusi _Reerclision Lucila augue that .. i Sc i WEE ey nse erste tage ass within Im addition te that, adel Pavents shoula understena than oe the fouaily. ee eee oncomplet the inal paragraph fom extract B ting your imagintion, Compare yout dea, Inconclusion, | would argue that teenagers should not be asked to do chores to earn their allowance because Find words or phrases in extract B o answer these questions. 1 Which words are used to introduce the point of the paragraph? 2. Which word means whereas’? 3, Which phrase introduces the final paragraph of the essay? BB choose the odd se out 1 aforexample bincontrast _¢ forinstance 2 ainaddition furthermore con the other hand 3 abut byet 50 4 ainmyopinion bmoreover cas faras I'm concerned 5 atobegin with firstly casa result 6 ainconclusion btosumup despite this, Do you think teenagers should work part-time to earn money? Tr ofnd three main reasons. Compare your ideas. Make a note of any good ideas you hear. Make a paragraph plan. Which of these plans would you choose? Decide what information you will Include in each paragraph Wite your essa appropriate sive. eon used formal language used good discursive phrases presented a clear argument(1) Match. There is one letter you do not need to use. a 1 kettle a__aportable computer 1 2 freezer b the glass part of alight, 3 socket... ¢_adevice for storing 2 4 bulb frozen food 5 cashpoint__ d_amachine for getting 3 6 plug money 7 laptop & device for boiling water 4 what connects a device tothe electricity supply 5 & amachine that washes 6 ‘cups, plates, ete h aplace in a wall that 7 provides electricity zz Choose the correct preposition to complete each sentence. My dad has been involved on / in / for computer programming all his life. lve decided to apply in /on / for a job i company. ‘When you've finished with / for / at the computer, turn It off. This article is full with / of / for scientific words | don’t understand. Are you looking forward to / on / at your first day at work? How successful you are in business depends for / on / to how hard you work. [My sister isn't as interested on / of / in high-tech gadgets asim, software z= ©) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning tothe frst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 4 Ifyou don’t have any money, why not borrow some 6 from a friend? lend Why don’t you ask a friend _ ‘money, ifyou don't have any? 2. There aren’t many successful businesses in this area. only There are area. succeed in this 3, You might need to geta taxi home, sotakesome 8 ‘more money. case ‘Take some more money geta taxi home. 10 4 Iwant to study computing;bout my grades aren't ‘g00d enough, would IF my grades computing. study 20 5 Istarted working here in 2003. been 1 _...2001. {Fl can afford, get you a CD for your birthday. unless Fil get you a CO for your birthday, enough money. Henry Ford thought of the assembly line, with each factory worker doing one small job. ‘came Henry Ford —____ __..idea of the assembly line, with each factory worker doing one small job. Pay me back on Tuesday and 'lllend you €50. tong Fillend you €50, Tuesday. me backon have to go to the launderette because our washing machine has stopped working. down Our washing machine have to go to the launderette. +50! | can't install this game because there isn't much space inmy computer's memory. only There space in my computer's, memory, so | can’t install this game. so miarks{1} Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. Career File: Working in Science fe are attracted to a career as.a (i) —.anditcan SCIENCE ee ee rewarding, Finding (2) — to irene! oe affect people’ Ives can be very G) ——and give YOu one sence of @) _--Hfyou arene ofthe lucky ones, YOUNES © even come up with something that is (6) —to large mht tt people around the world atthe same time, thou Ber {mportantto realise that success in science demands (6) au aandalotof hard work. Behind every great (7) —lle long OWS sf work inthe laboratory not to mention yeas of Sea ae education. I's big (6) —oftime and money. but Re aa tobe involved in the latest (0) —makesit worthwhile. z= "Choose the correct phrasal verb to fil the gap in each sentence. 4. The computer has a long way over the last thirty years, Ataken on Bcomeon C broken down —D put in 2. Iheard that they area new software company in town. Aputtingin -Bgettingthrough Ctaking back —_D setting up 3 Idon't want to go out tonight because 'm ___ for my holidays. Asavingup -Bkeepingup —Cgettingby —-D making out 4 |_—quite a lot of money when my grandfather died, Acameinto Blookedinto —_C took off Dilet down 5 Didyou manage to__ to Dennis on the phone yesterday? Aputin Bgetthrough Ctake back ——_—D checkin 6 The Carters don’t have a lot of money, but they seem to. Aget by “Bbreakdown —Cglve up. Dclose down 7. Mydad’s decided toa new washing machine. Acut off Btake after Cut in Dome on 8 Scientists are the possibility of ife on other planets. Adoing without Btakingback —Cseeingoff_——_D looking into as Write a word from the box in ‘each gap to complete the sentences. obsolete «reoluionary + wealthy ‘mature «gullible «numerous ; ‘convenient + sceptical It’s much more important to be happy than itis to be 2 lmquite__ about claims that computers can think tke humans. | don’t think is really possible. 3 Your father and | have decided that you'e probably old enough and —__ enough to be left on your own for the evening, 4 The company is bringing out afan____new design for ‘car that runs off hydrogen. 5 Iknow that large supermarkets have a broader range, but the old comer shop used to be so when all needed was a pint of milk. 6 Things change so fast that a computer that isnew today willbe ___ ina few years’ time. 7, Weave had — complaints about this video game and we shall be investigating it very carefully. 8 Ijust told john that they've invented a robot that does your English homework and he believed me! He's so _ Total: 60 marks 87ie mo Reading 1 @® Ww Startiag,poiri * Look atthe photos ofthe teenage gitls and boys next tothe article. How old do you think they are? What do you think they ike doing in thelr spare time? GQ Match the topics 1-8 with the sentences (A-H) in Exercise B below, which have been removed from the text. 41. socialising with people ies offered somewhere event 4 the differences between parents and teenagers 5. future possi 6 teenagers’ relationships with family members 7. what teenagers spend money on 8 problems with schoolwork You are going to read an article about what teenagers do in their free time. Seven: sentences have been removed from the article. haose rom the sentences AH the one which fs ach gap (+7). “Ther “How should you do Reading Part 2? to understand the topic ofeach para ‘you understand what the missing sentenct Dor't waste time trying to understand teeta e ee ‘This task is about sentences, jot paragraphs. Becky, Alex and Claire are 15, Liz is 16. We're having a pizza in Guildford on a Friday night. The last time I saw them, they were in school uniform and the transformation is remarkable; the schoolgirls are gone and I'm siting with a group of young women wearing make-up and the latest fashions, ‘The girls are all in Year 11. This is the first time the friends have had to make choices that will affect their future ~ which sixth-form college to attend, which A levels to choose. 1 says Alex. ‘We're going shopping. tomorrow for clothes. You can buy your own ticket for the ball, which Lean’e wait, Look at the article again and circle all the leisure time activities mentioned. D wite« word or phrase from the article in each gap to complete the sentences The counelhave done up the od train station and turned It into a shopping centre. The. is increible! (paragraph 1) This video game is so te. been playing It or nous! (paragraph 3) lea’t goto the concert on Saturday night because 'm going tobe "for Mrand rs Carte, {paragraph 4) itreally me when my parents don'tiet me stay out late. (Garagraph 5) I'm bored with just here. Why don't we go into the town centre and do some shopping? (paragraph 7) Ny mum and dad often atme about the way! dress. (paragraph 8)is great. It would be awful if you had to be asked by a boy.” “There's not much to do in Petersfield if you're our age, ‘complains Claire. ‘There's one club and they have fifteen-eighteen nights, but that's it. 2 e's really addictive and it's a great way to keep in touch. There's a disco they organise forall the schools, Durall the teachers go, so it’s not much fun.” Most ofthe group have babysitng jobs and receive an allowance from theic paren. |The gists are concemed with ther schoolwork, and want 10 do wel in their exams, so spend much oftheir time away from schoo studying, ‘They enjoy the same television programmes that I watch, listen to the same music and wear the same style of casual clothes. (One of my colleagues infuriates his teenage son by knocking on his bedroom door when the boy has stormed off to play rock music at full blast, and suggesting thatthe next track is better) 4 I wonder if this growing democracy of entertainment makes the girls’ relationships with their parents ‘easier than it was when Iwas a teenager. I don't talk to my parents about anything!” Becky exclaims, shocked at the suggestion. Ross is 17 years old and plays in a bband called Macer. "You should hear them. They're great. They're going to be massive, says his best friend Matthew, also 17. They're both sixth-formers at Porth County ‘Comprehensive, studying drama, S$ ‘Tsend emails and go to chat rooms sometimes when I'm at home,’ admits Matthew, ‘but Pve ‘got better things to do with my time at school.” “The boys have part-time jobs and. Ross spends much of his spare time ‘working on his music. “There's not alot of time for jus hanging around,’ he says. "We don’t see as much of each other as we used t0, because of gitlfriends and work.” 6 The bowling alleys and multiplex cinemas in nearby towns and cities will have to wait, and Mum. See you later! Teenagers, notoriously, never tell their parents much. But two groups did allow Theresa Jameson to find out what happens after they say they're ‘going out ... just out’ and shut the front door they limit cheir socialising to Porth and the surrounding villages. “We try to go our when we can to play pool,’ says Matthew. ‘Our parents don’t mind what time we ‘come home. Itake my mobile with re, so if gets really late, my mum might phone me.” Occasionally, Matthew's mother stays up until he gets home, just to sake sure he's allright. 7 “They want us to achieve more than they did,” observes Matthew. “They want us to go off to university. We've got more choices than our parents had. There's more expected of us, though, and they still have a go at us over phone bills and spending too much money, of course.’ Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can ‘you work out what they mean from the context? | notoriously «at full las rack «limit» socialising «surroundingGrammar 1 ea Which of these sentences offer advice? What does the other one do? a) You must phone us as soon as the concert finishes. ) You should get there early as there'll bea big queue. We can use modals and semi-modals to express permission, ability, obligation, advice and criticism, (Permission © Can | Could May | stay at Pauline’s hhouse tonight? Clabitity ‘© Nate can play the guitar really well. © I couldn't swim until was five years old. © She could have gone to the party but She didn't want to. Clobtigation '* You must be home by eleven o'clock. '* Do!have to be home by eleven o'clock? Chadvice / criticism You ought to / should take a break. You've been working too hard. © You ought to / should have booked tickets beforehand. ‘See Grammar database +3 on page 180 for more information. Find these phrases from the article on pages 58-59 and use the correct modal or ssemi-modal in the gap. Then choose the function of the modal or semi-modal. 1. This is the first time the friends make choices obligation / ability 2 You buy your own ticket advice and criticism / ability and permission 3. Itwould be awful ifyou be asked .. advice and criticism / obligation 4 You hear them . advice / obligation B) choose the correct word or phrase. | still can't believe / to believe it's true, but my parents finally said | musta’t / didn’t have to ‘go with them to visit my aunt and uncle, and that can / could go with Billy and Angela to the Placebo concert! We had to / must queue up for over an hour to get tickets, but it was definitely worth it. The concert was fantastic! They sang all the songs from their new album. You ought / should get it it's great! We should have taken / take some water with us, though, as the drinks at the venue were really expensive. | ccouldr't even afford / have afforded a can of lemonade, so | had borrow / to borrow some money from Angela. (I must / ‘ought to remember to pay her back). Anyway, itwas one of the best days of my life. Iwish you could have come / come too! Choose aword or phrase from the boxto complete each sentence, don’t have to « should have «can’t shouldn't « mustn't» could 1 You sit in front of the computer all day. Why don't you go out and get some fresh air? Id love to take a day off, but | We got Christine a ticket too, 4 Doyouthink | invite a few people round next Saturday night? 5. You can go to the party, but you stay out too lat. 6 You ‘come with us, but you can if you lke. 7 lizzie beg her dad forages before he agreed to take her to the fair B takcabout yourstt 1 What an you do really well? 2 What should you do every day? 3. Whatdo you have todo this evening? 4 What could you have done last weekend but didn't do? Why not?Vocabulary People associated with leisure time activities ‘Match the people with their definitions. 1 cast 4 aperson watching a sporting 2 audience event 3 spectator alarge group of people 44 lifeguard theactorsina play 5 host 4. a person who organises a party, 6 guest = 7 vewer a person watching 1V & cighecer the people watching play, od attending a concert, ete 8 aperson looking at a tourist attraction h_aperson who is invited to a party 1 aperson who saves swimmers who are in trouble Phrasal verbs: leisure Use a phrasal verb to do with leisure in the correct. form to complete each sentence. ‘catch on + come across + come round « fick through 1 Isaw the ad for the water park as | was. a magazine. 2 |_____ some really old comics as | was looking round the second-hand bookshop. 3. Mydad’s decided to hhang-gliding. | hope hhe doesn’t hurt himself 4 Afew of my fiends, watched some DVDs. 5 Rap musichas really inthe last few years — it's more popular than pop these days. 6. She said she'd meet me for a coffee if she could _____..from work for an hour of two. 7, Sean and | have _____ going for a walk every ‘Sunday afternoon, It's so relaxing! _last night and we Word patterns” BD) choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. 1 finally succeeded to get / in getting a couple of tickets for te concert. 2 How did you manage to organise / in organising the party in such a short time? 3 Ihope you'e able to come / coming bowling with us on Tuesday. 4 Iwish | was capable to take / of taking such great photos. 5 We've arranged to meet / meeting in the park at half past eight. 6 I've never enjoyed to go / going to the circus. 7, Myparents don't allow me stay /to stay out ater midnight. ‘8 Mymum lets me buy / to buy my own clothes. Word formation Complete this table, Include al possible forms you Canthink of including negative forms. popular _w8 : Franco ary! | rea enioyed mE for the party. a Toa mtrtaned mse @“Staging, point ‘+ Look atthe picture. What do you think has happened here? What would you do in this situation? G9 read the questions in Exercise B. istento the beginnings of the eight extracts, Match each extract, to one of the questions 1-8 and write down a word or Extract A__/ Extract 8_/ Extract C_/ Extract D__/ Extract Ef Extract F__/ Extract 6 _/ Extract H_—/ stow shout you do Listing pant hes ; tly sure i yosre sot absoltl 5 2 tithe anaes dont orig he anne sheet wy yu nt absolutely sue i arse, make 38 Ofte guess based O° chat you understood. You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, B or C), 1. You hear two teenagers playing a computer game. How do they think the game could be improved? A. by making it more competitive B_ by making it easier to enter the castle by giving the players more information 2 You hear a woman talking about a trip to afunfair. How did she feel on the ride she describes? ‘A. She enjoyed it more than her son. 8 She was more scared than her son. She regretted taking her son on it. 3 You hear two people deciding what to do for the evening. What do they finally decide to do? A goto thecinema Bplay pool C stayat home 4 You hear this woman talking on her mobile phone in a café. What probably happened to the person she is speaking to? ‘A. She got stuck in traffic She had an accident. She got held up at work You hear a man talking about camping. What does he say about it? The campers get on well with each other in the campsite It’s nice to live without electrical appliances for a few days. He takes the whole family camping every year. 6 Youheara telephone information service. What kind of show can you see atthe theatre next Saturday? A amusical B acomedy a science fiction play 7. You hear an announcement for a radio programme. What is the programme about? A ancient Greek buildings B the diet ofthe ancient Greeks C social fe in ancient Greece 8 You hear a famous musician talk about her life. Who inspired her to become a professional musician? her father B her music teacher another famous musicianbasics - campfire open air- penknife ] not take with you. You have about three minutes. Bibra een tose ‘* How useful would these things be? ‘Which two would you definitely not take with you? Match to make phrases connected {BB 100K at the exam taskin Exercise ¢ Speaking > QESBETET carrer Idlike you to imagine that you are both gong camping fora week at inthe summer with some fiends. Here ae some things you might —aAvSRE Bows! take with you. Talk to each other about how useful these things would be and then decide which wo things you would definitely Staiting,point— Wihat do people usually dowhen they go camping? How do they cope without electricity and ther things we take for granted athome? ‘with camping. Then match each phrase with a picture in Exercise C. Swiss army a bag inflatable b rod sleeping c_kaife gaits? How should you do Speakin c cassette d_ cooker sy two parts ier tere are usually two pat fishing recorder _& Rem Td try todo both oft sas f boat oi ree minutes. sg within the th aed the ont eventt260 e of the task as you probably Mave tine or wont BD do Exercise Cwith wo students a the candidates. The rest ofthe cass ung to provide feedback When you have ished, swap oles. and listen to these students doing Speaking Part i 3. Foreach extract, low should you do Speaking Part g wmite a word inthe 3 Don't disagree with the interioct gap to complete i Your opinions affect your marke PeCaUSe useful phrase. Don't worry about the opinion I think X would be useful? 1aRE 2s they are logical, because yo eS because/since/. ‘marked on your ability to speak Frown’ C8. Xwould probably/. be ak English extremely /very/ =». useful rim not certain/ weld (realy) use/ . Would you lke to goon a camping trip ike this with your What do you about friends? 1” Why does camping appeal to so many people? I think Xisa good Does what someone likes doing in their spare time Xwould/might/could change as they get older? useful In what ways are leisure fcities different in small towns Let's and vilages compared to large towns and ces? ra to What are the esur facts lke inthe area where you ve? See Speaking database on page 194, 63Word,power living board «rubber ring rapids “Starting,point— ‘+ Have you ever done any ofthe activities Sern in the photos? + Which do you think are the most enjoyable / exciting / frightening? ing Part 1 You are going to read an article about water parks. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A,B, C or D) which you think fits best according tothe text at oven cts cal you do.) What does the word ‘that'(ine 3. How dowater parks in Britain at the beach, (b) at a water park, (2 at the leisure centre's facilities What you did after leaving the atativonl su ps 17) refer to? differ from those in atradtona wining poo? Make 2 paneer SECTOR, B. aday out inthe 1970s, ‘A. Pools in British water parks are re always inside. D Quickly read the first paragraph of the article. What were leisure centres like eH eke i Mesteeraneat aver parks are always in the open air inthe 19708? - centre Mediterranean water parks are 2 Theidea behind water parksis sometimes connected to a that people holiday resort. without | q wantmore thanjusta simple British water parks have indoor mer the questions want more than just a simple P: a Tet an the tex swimming pool. and outdoor facilites. looking ‘ion, “isure centres were read the questio B feltleis res were 1004 what point is the writer making retest, rode wre peserinte tex ar eh ‘natch ito the best option: expensive. inthe fourth paragraph? © needtobe entertained twenty: 4 Water parks do not have an four hours a day. + entrance fee, whereas leisure D don't enjoy swimming. aed 64,‘ack in the 1870s, atypical family day out was a trip to the local leisure centre. Every town had one ‘and they were basically al the same, with a large rectangular swimming ‘poo! (shallow at one end, deep at the ‘other @ separate deep-water area with several diving boards, and a kiddie-pool for babies or those who couldn't swim. f you were lucky, there was a shor, straight slide that had to be kept wet with » bucket of water. And after your leisure centre ‘experience, there was a drinks ‘machine selling hot chocolate for mum and cans of fizzy drinks for the 17 kids. And that was it How things change! Now ‘thankfully ~ we have the water park, based on the notion that swimming fn its own is not the most interesting ‘activity in the world. People got entertainment for thelr money. ‘Maditerranesn countries, because of the warmer and drier climate, they ‘are more often than not completely ‘outdoors. Some are dedicated water parks, and others are part of a larger leisure or holiday complex. All, B. Water parks provide value for money if you stay long enough. People rarely spend more than a couple of hours at a leisure centre. D Despite their benefits, water parks are too expensive. 5 How dowater park slides differ from leisure centre slides? ‘A. Water park slides are much faster. B_ Water park slides are connected to awater supply. C Water park slides are more frightening, D_ Water park slides are much wider. 6 What do the rapids and the lazy poo! have in common? ‘A. The water is moving. BTheyboth take you round ina circle. CC Theyare designed for children, however, provide much more than the chance to swim a few lengths. Unlike the leisure centre, theres litle point just turning up for an hour or ‘wo. This is partly because there's so ‘much to do, end partly because ‘there's usually an entrance fee ‘which, although quite reasonable it ‘you make the most of what's on. Offer, Is not cheap. ‘So what is there to do? All water parks have a number of slides. These fare not the old-fashioned straight slides of the 1870s, though. They come in all shapos and sizes ~ some {are open, some are totally enclosed tunnels, some are steep, some are ‘bumpy, some twist sharply, some you can go down in pairs or on rubber rings. All of them have water flowing down them. You can often. ‘choose how you want to go down — hhead fist, feet first, on your front or back, sitting up, lying down, Your position affects your ‘and how much water will splash into your face! Other atractions often include the rapids ~in which you make your way ‘through a man-made river, surviving the obstacles such as backwards flowing currents, waterfalls and D ‘They are bath very exciting. Whats the effect ofthe word “boast” inne 882 emphasises that what follow are positive attractions. ttshows that water parks advertise heavily. it demonstrates that water parks are always expanding. it reminds us that water parks are very modern. What isthe purpose ofthis article? to persuade towns to bulld more water parks toiinform people about their local water park to describe how leisure faci have changed toadvertise a particular service es rapids. I's exhilarating and at times ~ a lite scary and for some reason kids are much better at getting round than adults. The baby-brother of the rapids is the lazy pool, where the current gently takes you round a circular channel of water. I's relaxing more ‘than exciting, and some lazy pools ‘even have @ jacuzz half way round, ‘Some larger water parks have a wave machine in the main pool Which makes waves up to a metre high. That makes the whole ‘swimming experience rather more thrilling than in the old leisure centre days. Some have a ‘death slide’, ‘whore you hold onto a bar which slides down a cable over the pool. When it hits the end, you drop into the water! There's aiso a lot more on offer than a drinks machine. Many 6 water parks boast shops, cafés, bars land restaurants, and a bar actually in the middle of the pool is not tuncommon in many Mediterranean ‘water parks. Just remember to keep ‘your money dry! Find these words and phrases Inthe text and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? notion + combination reasonable « steep + twist splash «obstacles ‘current «thrilling «cable Find a word trom te article to complete these phases. 1 day 2 drinks 3 flay 4 leisure/holiday 5 fee 6 all and sizes 7 wave ery 65.Grammar 2 ma ay TET Circle the correct words to complete these sentences. That was athe more/the most exciting ride I've ever been on, This ride was more/most exciting than/from the others. (Do you think this ride is as exciting than/as the other fone we went on? (We use the comparative to compare things and people that are different and separate fram each other. Coldplay are better than any other band. (CW use the superlative to compare one member ofa ‘r0Up with the whole group. Our town's got the best water park in the area! Be carefull The numberof syllables in the orginal Adjective and the way itis pelt determine how we form the comparative and superlative. e.g. nicer and bigger but more interesting {Cee carefull There ae a number of regular ‘comparatives and superlatives. e.g. bad / worse / worst (Cle use as... as to compare two things that are similar or the same. The film is just as good as the ‘book. See Grammar database 14 on page 181 for more information. Find these extracts inthe article on pages 64-65 and write the correct word or phrase in each gap. 1 athe generation of water pars. 2. swimming on its own snot activity in the word 3. ~ because of the 4 All, however, provide lengths. climate, .. the chance to swim a few compete each sentence using the comect form ofthe vod Inbeachats 1 Thatwasthe very onetime. 2 The Eminem concert was great but! wish thad gone on ong). 3. The tipto Eur Disney ended up being (expensive) then wel thought 4 Going on that olercoaster was one ofthe experiences of yl 5 The entrance fee cost last year. 6 only knew a few people atthe party as Jason had invited ‘io fe @ (fynny) programme Ive seen for a (bad) (litte this year than it did ® a ‘Most of the people/things/ ete = one ‘oat people/things/ete general specific grOUP ‘x The most ofthe people thines/ ete G Complete the second sentence so that it has a ilar meaning to the frst sentence, using the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given, 1. The play wasn't nearly as boring ast expected itto be. more The play dexpectedit to be. 2 Don't worry! It’s the safest rde in the whole theme park. dangerous Don't worry! t's whole theme park. 33 Sara saiditwas the best party shel ever been to, never Sara said she'd pay 4 The museum was further than weld been told. as The museum ride in the weld been told, (Ee (C1With the verb to be (as a main verb or an auxiliary verb), we form questions by inverting the subject and verb. Were you scared when you went down the rapids? ‘Are you going to go down again? (Clit the verb to have as an auxiliary verb, we form questions by inverting the Subject and ver, Have you een the new Mel Gibson movie? Clwith alt other verbs (inctuding to have as a main verb) we form questions using the verb to do. Do you have a DVD player? Did you go to the fair? {Ce carefull with question words, whether we use fo do or not depends on whether the question word refers tothe subject or abject ofthe verb. Compare: What went wrong? (subject) What did you cdo yesterday? object) Who bought the tickets? (subject) Who did you buy tickets for? (object) See Grammar database 15 on page 182 for ‘more information. Askyour partner four questions about a game or free-time activity he/she enjoys. When you have ished, swap oles.Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use one word in ) Leisure Use of English each gap. Write your answers IN CAPITALLETTERS, OB avierty read the text : in Exercise Band Tavistock Goosey Fair answer these questions? ‘Although many towns and cities in Britain have an annual fair, ew are (1) famous than Tavistock Goosey Fs 1. When was the first Goosey Fair held? 2 Whyisit called Goosey Fair? the UK, ands still as popular (3) Hundreds of yeas (4) Dating back to the 12th century, Goosey Fairis one of (2) farmers (6) it, held on the second Wednesday of October. oldest fairs in ever to bring thelr geese for sale Tavistock to the market. That's and drove them through the streets (6) the name ‘goosey' comes from. These days there are (8) many geese to be found at Goosey Far but it (6) fact stil possible tohave a goose lunch tthe various hotels and restaurants inthe town on the day othe fat 3 What happenstothe town in the evening? Goosey Fair attracts visitors from all over the country. The streets are closed (to) traffic and (13) ‘are hundreds of stalls selling everything from fruit and vegetables to the (12) __ up-to-date electronic equipment. In the evening, the town becomes a large funfair, with lots of different rides and attractions, How should you do Use of English Part 2? ‘a Remember that most ofthe words tested ‘Quickly read the text in Exercise D. How does @ inthis part ae lexical words ke nouns mek and mainvetbs. froma concert? istested # arpnber tht mestof the worst E ‘in this part are grammatical words like inh a en potions oan eed Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some ofthe lines to form a word tha fits in the gap in the same line. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Music Festivals People have always gone to concerts to hear their favourite musicians perform. Since the 1960s, a related form of 3) ENTERTAIN has grown in (2) _: the music festival A music festival is POPULAR How should you do Use of usually organised over a couple of days and is ikea series of English Part3? mini-concerts from a numberof artists. The ()getto see SPECTATE 2 _They rarely test plural diferent acts and usualy have to pay an (i) —feeto getinto ENTER forms, so you don't ‘and the crowd shows their (6). ofthe musicians bydancing APPRECIATE or plural ‘and cheering, At many festivals, other (7) —_ are also ACTIVE » They often test plural organised, such as juggling rfire-eating displays. forms, so you need to The first major festival took place in America ata place called ae ‘Woodstock. Itwas fee, and the (8) was veryhigh=many ATTEND Perea Gap thousands of people got together at tis very @) event. ENJOY "Many of the musicians who performed there went on to become very (20). FAME 67.Writing: formal @&S letter/email Starting,pointt: * Imagine you attended the music festival inthe photo. What positive things might you say about the experience? What criticisms could you make? 3 ead te letter betow and answer these questions. Does Leslie know the name of the person she is wrtngo? Isthe ete formal or informal? Does Leslie usecontactons (es td? Why is Leslie writing the letter? (two reasons) What postive aspects ofthe Festal dos she mention? How many suggestions does she make inher letter? \Wy didnt she write Yous sincerely? above her name? ‘Why did she write her surname as well as her first name? Dear sv / Madar Mase Festival, which | attended For the Fivst Hime this year Ny woul lke te congratulate you He ie successful event | thought Haat honing Aifevent stages for AiPRerent qaasic styles was a particularly gee nace “The testval was Hhoveughly exerable and Tro lamning te arena next year. However, there ave several suggestions | would reece vagawaing next year's Festival. {G Find these words and phrases inthe letter and choose their coreet meaning. with regard to about / in support of Law uniting with vegawa te the Dawklurst | | Week ance Fee of €40's ieoee aah econ 1 Rexpt Vike to, | attended wentto / heard about | feo ertensie to Mice m cheaper student | 9 apaiculaty good te ony good /a very gud suggest you ty 3 site was | 4 thoroughly fairy / extremely See ceconaly, although the coms ‘ 6 ne wore wot enough tailets. regarding about / watching wage ete Chat wore of Hhese take...into account obey / consider eave provided. Finally, oa series a Use: ees ne se comet beri final eri ope you Fake my suggestions i |" suggestion inthe third paragraph. Remember that 7 1299999929999999999999999 Yours PaithPully, | ead in snack bars (alrrast all) - with meat! rot much choice for us vegetariansl vegetarian food toc? Leslie ParkerBlagehead— How should you write a formal iete/ena SET | 2 2 wordsinthe notes a your Youare staying inten anchave recent beentoa misc icterenat fs You eroyed the esau you have some suggestions Paicoe tbe peenawn bee: aia b Use the ideas inthe notes but use more formal frammar and vocabulary. Read the advertisement forthe festival and the notes you have See Writing database on page made beside it. Then write letter tothe organiser giving your 397 for further information. ‘opinion ofthis year’s festival and making your suggestions for next len gcc ee a conly 1 rapper ~ should be more - Co aes ava rere reper tT eet ul - RCAC ALLS Ser ued Free camping site and washing facil eed maybe make it bit more? could get more/better bands Te too small ~ coed i also use field per next lol, Pen ede D) Wake a paragraph plan. Decide what information you B Before you write, answer these questions. willnclie in each paragraph, 1 Why are you wtng the letter? DDovou knovithe nine athe ofganiiar? BB write your tetter in 20-150 words. You must use ‘grammatically correct sentences with accurate ‘spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation. Do not write any addresses. 3. What will you mention as being particularly good? 4 What does ‘beverages’ mean in the advertisement? ™ 5 Doyou have to mention beverages in your letter? ‘Why? / Why not? 6 How many suggestions will you make in your letter? A enc dae 7 What are they? allthenotes g 8 Will you write ‘Yours sincerely’ or "Yours faithfully’ formal, polite English Oo ‘above your name? ‘used some of the words and phrases from Exercise B and the model etter Oo G Foreach suggestion, wite a sentence or group of started and finished your letter in sentences to include in your letter. an appropriate way oO 69Reading 1 @® Word,power—* ‘bottle bank + demonstration « liter» protest -“Seagting,poi * Compare the two photographs. What can we do to help protect our environment? Look atthe title ofthe article that follows. Which of these things do you expect tobe mentioned inthe article? + how touse ess water «the chemistry of water + weather conditions at sea + how wateriswasted Bead te aril quicty and check Your answers to Exerie A How should you do Reading Parts? i When a question asks why the ‘writer mentions somethin, you should. er ead the options (ABCD) fand choose one which factually tue. carefully 0 ‘bread the text find the reason and then choose the option that best expresses It. Making every drop) count Lisa Campbell looks at the challenge of conserving water. Drip, trickle, splash, Do you ever to those available to the ancient think about the water we use Greeks and Romans. More than a ‘every day for cleaning, drinking, bition people don't even have cooking and growing plants? access to clean drinking water ‘Water is essential to life. tis one and face problems caused by ‘ofthe most comman substances pollution and disease. Asthe inthe universe, and our planet, vith its vast oceans, i oy to have a generous stare of it Unfortunately, nnety-seven per cent ofthat share is say, and much ofthe rests inthe frm of ice at the North and South Poles. ‘world’s population grows, there is Increasing pressure on ‘agriculture, which demands large amounts of water. Changing the ‘course of rivers and building ‘dams threaten fish, with rare species of fish becoming extinct Getting an adequate supply of in some seas and lakes. fresh water isnot always easy, i especialy in the developing world, Thro ighout the ist three hr cougts cone st ua 20 ening te nesses ‘quantity of freshvater used by ‘each person doubled. The emphasis was on using more and ‘more water. Large-scale facilities Half ofthe world’s population stil ‘suffer from water services inferior You are going to read an article from a magazine. For questions 1-7, ‘choose the answer (A, 8, Cor D) which you think its best according tothe text. 1 Why does the writer mention A the North and South Poles? |A They are badly affected by 8 pollution. B Mostofthe Earth's wateris — € more efficient than most people think. designed to provide water for half the worle's population. badly polluted and carried frozen there. disease. © Theyaffectthe amountof _-D_betterthan those in many drinking water available. parts of the world today. D They provide many people aie Water slpy. 3, Whyare some fishin danger, according to the writer? {An increasing population ‘means more fish are eaten. 2. Thewaterservicesinancient A Greece and Rome werewere bull for water treatment and recycling and large numbers of reservoirs were constructed to store ‘water. However, many people have now realised that basic human and environmental needs are the top priority. The building of new water facilities is now less important than using what we already have efficiently and wisely. Repairing the existing system could have huge benefit. Through leaking pipes and faulty equipment, Mexico City, for example, loses enough water to meet the needs of city the siz of Rome. Bathroom hands. ae Over the lat twenty-five years, new technology and greater awareness of the problem have meant that water is used more efficiently. Industrial processes have been discovered that use ass water; itnow takes only six tons of water to make a ton of steel, ‘compared to sixty tons sixty years ago. People around the warld ae also more effective at protesting against the effects of water use on their local environment. Despite this, a lot of water is stil wasted. We can all do our bit for the environment by following a few simple water conservation dos and don'ts. Lakes are becoming increasingly polluted. C Humans alter the direction that some rivers take D_ They are forced into areas with salty water. 4 What do people now think is most important in wateruse? building large treatment facilities finding less wasteful ways to use water moving water from one city to another storing water so that people can use more ‘What does the writer say has happened in industry? ‘Most steel is now made without using water. ‘More efficient methods are used to create steel. Less steel is being produced due to a lack of water. ‘More steel is being made than ever before. Stare The bathroom isa key area where You can save water. Short showers use less water than baths, especially if you have a special Water-saving showerhead fited. Toilets which useless water can be fited, and even aplastic bottle filed ith water inthe cistern wil save a litre with each flush. Up to twelve Iitres of water is lost every minute it Yyou leave the tap running while you brush your teeth or wash your Kitchen and Laundry Filla sink to wash up instead of leaving the tap running and you can reduce the amount of water needed by hal. Dishwashers and washing machines should only be used when they are full, and then on a short t ‘oycle when possible. Find these words and phrases in the text and undertine them. Can ‘you work out what they mean from the context? trickle «the developing world «dams + reseroirs «conservation sink» evaporation + leaks Outdoors You can save water outside the home in a number of diferent ways. if you have a garden, rainwater can be recycled to water plants, which should be done in the evening or early morning so that less water is lost through ‘evaporation. Pavements and balconies should be swept instead of being washed. It can also help to ‘save water if any leaks or waste in Yyour neighbourhood are reported to ‘your local council So, next time you have a shower or ‘open a bottle of drinking water, think about where the water comes from and where i's going The writer says that water can be saved in the bathroom by hhaving showers and baths less often. brushing your teeth in running water. sing bottled water instead of tap water. replacing bathroom fittings with more efficent ones. Which of these water-saving measures is not ‘mentioned in the text? informing the right people about waste using rainwater to wash your balcony turning the tap off when washing up ‘making sure the dishwashers full when used Sane” _Have youn.say!_Grammar 1 (NS Complete t in brackets. sentence using the correct form of the verb Recently, industrial processes water. (discover) thatuse less “To orm the passive, Ci put the person thing the action is done to before the verb (Ci put the person/thing doing the action after the verb (when necessary) luse ‘bein the corect form + past participle ‘© Some species have been hunted to extinction. ‘The iveris polluted by local factories. ‘Apart from a tense, the form ofthe verb ‘be’ used may be ithe full infinitive ‘Some people don't want the new dam tobe built. Ci the bare infinitive ‘© Companies should be prevented from polluting the water supply (ithe -ing form ‘+ Most people don't like being told to pick up thet liter. ‘We use the passive: (Clwhen we don’t know who does/did/etc the action Clwhen we aren't interested in who does/did/ete the action Clwhen it's obvious who does/did/ete the action Cifor emphasis, formality and impersonal style ‘See Grammar database 16 on page 182 for more information. GJ Find alt examples of the passive you can in the text on pages 70-71 © Rewrite tnese sentences correctly. 1 Thetheor of evolution has suggested by Charles Darwin ‘The elephants in this area should protect by a ban on hunting. ‘im really looking forward to be taken tothe zo0 tomorrow. Anew species ofbrd was been discovered byscentss. People should being encourage to recycle their waste. The government being put under pressure to change the law on fishing Many dolphins kil accidentally by tuna nets 8 Global warming has predicted for along time now. G) 120k at the photograph, what do you think could be done with old appliances Uke this? ee Ee ©) Read this text about recycling electrical Orne Complete the text using the ANA a Mitions of new TVs, fridges, air-conditioning units and washing machines 1 every day around the world, So what happens to the old ones? In Japan, where around 20 milion electrical appliances 2 by the side of the road orin rivers every year, new legislation 3 in 2001 which ‘means that al electrical goods must be 50- 60% recyclable. Recycling these high-tech machines isn’t easy. They can't just 4 into small pieces that can 5 ______again. Special plants, like the Matsushita Eco-Technology Centre 6 for the process. Each appliance 7 very carefully and the components 8. into different categories. The plastic in these machines, for example, 9 _____ and reused to make internal components for new appliances. Although Matsushita, who owns Panasonic, 10_____ by some people for creating the problem in the first place, most people agree that progress 11__in dealing with this space age environmental challenge. L———Vocabulary Nature Choose the correct word ar phrase to complete each sentence. 1 ___Isthe gradual rise in temperature in many parts, ofthe world NAN Something that is rather than the town or city 4 Something that is harmful to the environment. isan unpleasant mixture of smoke and fog hanging over a city 6 The is caused by the sun's heat being trapped by gases inthe Earth’ atmosphere. 7 The — the pipes and facilites for taking dirty water from homes and factories, usualy to be treated. 8 A/An ‘san area where wildlife is specially protected. 9 Something that is____is related tothe town or the city, rather than the countryside. include coal, gas and oll is one which is under threat of extinction. is related to the countryside, + Such as a product, isnot Phrasal verbs: the environment GB Mater each phrasal verb todo with the environment to the corect meaning. 1 goof a. become extinct 2 dieout —b_ produce heat, asmelagas, ete 3 runout —¢_produceand stat to sella new product, 4 siveoff — d_ stopbeing fresh 5 cutdown € useallof something and not have any 6 bringout let 7 clearup (ofthe weather) become better after & throwaway cudorrain get rid of (ubbish, etc) h cuta tree, ete, so that it falls Complete each sentence using a phrasal verb from Exercise B in te correct form. 1 ifwe continue to use fossil fuels atthe present rate, weil eventually ofa. 2 BurgerBar i planning to anew, environmentaly-tiendly container fr their fast food 3 You'd be surprised at how much ofthe rainforests is every single day. 4, 1hrew the bananas away because I thought, they had ——— 5. Trees and plants tving things need {6 We should be very careful what we and try to reeyele as much as we can. 7 There willbe heavy rain showers in the morning, but itshould by the afternoon. 8 Unless somethings done, the snow leopard will within the next decade, ‘oxygen, which all, Word formation Complete this table. Write all possible forms {you can think of, including negative forms. environment X Word patterns (BD complete these sentences usingthe correct preposition. 1 Ifyou see awaterleak, eportit counel, 2. The government should create posters to inform people the danger tothe environment. 3. During his speech, the politician refered the new law as ‘an environmental disaster. 4 Many people have reacted. the situation by organising protests. 5, The company has been accused tons of chemicals inthe river. {6 Many animals depend. human help for survival in the wild. 7, Unless we take better care us, welllegret it your local _ dumping the world around74 Stagtind, point. What is this a photograph of? Which is more important: economic development or preserving the environment? I Listen to an extract from an interview and decide whether the following statements are true or false. 1 The local council wants to stop ‘building in the area 2. Greenwatch try to protect the environment, BeFore you listen tothe complete interview, look at each gap and try to. ‘guess what the answer could possibly be. You will hear part of a radio interview about the environment. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences, The local counci's aim isto ‘The councis planning to build ‘One ofthe problems people inthe area faces Greenwatch would lke to see the creation of ‘Many birds stop at the Eastford Downs as they go Eastford Downs is also important for Greenwatch has organised meetings and Local people seem to baaware thatthe Downs are ‘Anyone interested should cll Greenwatch for This weekend, Greenwatch are orga Have youn say! What environmental problems does your local area face? ‘What solutions ‘can you think of?Speaking &® Word,power~ oil tanker «oi slick « deforestation « construction industry Starting, point, ‘+ How do these forms of pollution affect the environment? What other forms of pollution can you think of? 3 ewe these sentences corectly and undertne the expressions used for lntrodulng an opto. 1 Rom my opinion, there is no pont ecyling things targe businesses are allowed to pout our natural envionment 2 Asfarthat Pm concemed, the goverment is doing everything itcan to protec the environment. 3 Tomyvien, we should worry about runing ou of fossil fuels when it happens not before. 4 Itseems me that children shouldbe taught how to cre forthe environment from a very Young age. B Discuss whether you agree or disagree with the statements in Exercise A. @ tisten to this candidate comparing two photographs and answerthese questions. id ‘© What do the photographs she is talking about show? Be specific. ‘+ What phrases does she use to introduce her opinions? do you think is the bigger threat MICE Speaking Here are two photographs showing different things that threaten our natural environment. dike you to compare them and tellus which you thinkis the bigger threat. You hhave about one minute to do this, so don’t worry if interrupt you. Candidate B, how do you feel about problems like these? vow soudyoudo sana stutions fr Pa 2 soar tote esrctons for Fa User ae omparingte Potorohs ‘you will have to discuss your opi ith your paint th pwetoeroresaspecie, Fe rsh as which pHotoaP prefer. a See Speaking database on page 194, 5Reading 2 GD A __Word,powe' Starting point — ‘© What do you know about these insects? ‘© What other insects do you know the names of in grasshopper mosquito Look at the title of the article opposite. ‘+ What isthe article about? B Read the text quickly, ignoring the gaps, and decide if these statements are true or false. Most species of ant are found inthe rainforests. Different ants have different jabs to do. Some ants use their own bodies to make a nest. ‘Ants only fight to protect themselves, How should you do Reading Part 2? 2 In orderto save time, loo} without reading the whol choose a sentence you think fits Read the whole the sentences with the gaps (mesa oped) English? © Match the insects in the pictures to the following names. beetle ladybird kat each gap in turn letext and quickly text before you try to match Sam Miller tells us about PCR CREO en ‘They are found all over the world. They cal lift up to 50 tintes their own body weight. ‘They seem to behave in complicated ways, yet each individual is typically no more than a couple of ceatimetres long. Ants. These social insects fave fascinated me since I frst bent down with a magnifying glass to watch them take sugat from a bowl. There are ‘more than 4,500 species of ant, with most of them found in the rainforests. Unfortunately, due to deforestation in these areas, many species will never be recorded. Ants live in a colony, which is built around the queen, She is the largest ant and her sole ‘occupation is producing eggs, while all her physical needs are taken care of by the worker ants around her. 1 ‘They You are going to read an article about ants. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the ane which fits each gap (s-7). There is one extra sentence you do not need to use, ‘A They are fed enormous quantities of honey until their bodies become so big that they cannot move. B_ They destroy every living thing in their path Ants follow the trail that other ants have left to locate a food source, D These are al female and infertile. E These ants don't have a permanent home. F Once this critical period is over and the first workers are at work, the colony rapidly develops. G Thisis generally the best way to getrid of ants from your garden. H. Allant species will ight to protect thelr colony and some will attack other species.perform suhifunctions as foraging for food and defending the colony from attack, as wellias tending to the queen and the colony's eggs. A colony is founded when a new queen sets off in search of & possible location. Once she fins hosen her spot, she begins to lay e288) some of which are for eating) during the difficult first few months. 2 Each species has its own clfifacteristic way of doing things. The leafeutter ant, for example, cuts seetions from leaves which it carries bak to the nest. ‘These are used as a Rind of femtiliser for fungus gardens the ants create underground, There, the leaves provide a rich source of nutrients for the fungus, which the ants eventually consume, ‘Then there's the honeypot ant. “These ants select certain workers to act as living containers for food. 3 Theyactasastore for the food and feed other ants by ‘producing the honey when they receive the right chemical signals. “These signals are an important part ofall ants lives and are used for, ‘identity and indicating the source of food. ‘They also help to explain how such Simple beings can display such complex behaviour. 4 fan obstacle blocks the ants' path, they swarm in all directions, attempting to go around it. The ants who discover the shorter way will get there faster and leave a stronger scent trail. Gradually, as more and ‘more ants follow this tai it ‘becomes even stronger, until all the ants are following the quicker route, ‘This kind of communication is very important in nomadic species, such asthearmyant. 5 Instead, they form a nest using their own bodies, with millions of them ‘hanging from a tree. When they decide to move on the whole ‘colony marches through the forest, carrying the queen and the eggs. © Match these words from the text and the missing sentences to the definitions. = infertile kind of plant, such as a mushroom tunable to produce eggs or young 1 a find the position of 2 acid b 3 locate © 4 fertiliser d_ strong, harmful chemical 5 fungus e something put on plants to help them grow Nature >) ‘The sight of a column of these ants ‘on the move is one of the most frightening sights in the rainforest. 6 Insects, young birds, lizards and other small animals that {ail to escape in time can look forward to a rather unpleasant end. Tes not just the army ant, though, that can bea threat. 7 They Sees, ocean a bodies as a weapon. After a successful attack, some species of ant will take eggs from the losing colony and return them to their own, rising the ants to work as slaves. There’s a never-ending list of things they do; ants lead intriguing lives, and tiny though they may be, 1 never tire of studying them! Dyiereep tact tee select «foraging - tending to critical «obstacle « sole Have youn.sey!_ Ifyou could study an insect, what kind of insect would you choose? Why? cz)Grammar 2 Linc forn or iafnitve — Choose the correct option. Ants often seem behaving / behave / to behave in complicated ways. lAfer some verbs, nouns and adjectives, we use the ful infinitive ‘© [hope to study biology at university. + Itsimportantto save water. + Itisour aim to persuade the council to stop builiing CJ After modal verbs, ‘make’ and ‘let’, we use the bare infinitive. © Allofus should use less water. ‘+ We make people recycle their rubbish here * The council lets factories pollute the local river. later some verbs and after prepositions, we use the -ing form. + Please avoid dropping litter in this rea. + How can we prevent an environmental disaster from happening? Some verbs canbe followed by both the ng form ‘or the full infinitive without a change in meaning. ‘+ We should al start to take/toking responsibilty. (Clwith other verbs, the meaning changes. ‘+ Have they stopped polluting the river? ‘+ We stopped to take a photograph of the scenery. See Grammar database 37 on page 183 for more information. Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets inthe cortec form. 1 We can't afford not environment. 2. Canwe manage — 3. Wecould suggest — hunting inthis area, (protect) our Gave) just some species? (introduce) a ban on 4, Um really looking forward to isit) the nature reserve, 5 Parents should let their children (take part) in demonstrations about the environment. B choose the correct form. 1 Did you remember to get / getting the seeds | wanted? | don't remember to read / reading about the greenhouse effect. We should try to stop / stopping people from damaging the environment. Uiinever forget to see / seeing the rainforests for the first tim. Oh! meant to call / calling Ralph to talk to him about our trp tothe zo. For many companies the new law will mean to produce / producing less pollution d better Does this sentence refer to the past or the present? 'd rather you didn't do that prefer expressing preferences ‘© Iprefer dogs to /rather than cats. '* I prefer playing with dogs rather than cats. ‘© would prefer to have a dog rather than a cat. would rather Clexpressing preferences + Iwould rather have a cog than a cat. + [would rather you didn't drop liter outside my house. had better Claiving advice © You had better tell the council about the leak. See Grammar database 18 on page 284 for more information. js litter. (d= had) “2 He'd better pick up his re 1 Het rather spend time inthe cOUnIYS (a= would) Make questions using these prompts. 1 3 you / rather visita farm / a z00? you / prefer / go fishing / bitd-watching? what / you think / we / better / do about liter in our town/city? you / rather / work outdoors / indoors?Use of English fea the tex in Exercise eas B, ignoring the gaps, lana the follonne questions: Read the text below Use the word given in bw ed capitals at the end of some ofthe ines to fs Matisone result form a word that its in the gap inthe same increasing wo tne. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS, temperature? 2. Why isthe sea evel tsingin some parts of the world? . IT’S GETTING HOTTER! 3) Whatis one explanation forthe increase in Gee) temperature? There seems to be litle doubt that a) __warmingisareal GLOBE phenomenon. Temperatures are rising in many places (2), WORLD How should you do and (3) farmland is being ost assea levels rise ducto VALUE, Use of English Part 3? ‘melting of the polar ice. This could cause major problems for ‘a Negativeformsare | mankind inthe future. (.) disagree, though, about whether SCIENCE never tested inthis | this (6) __ changes being caused by human actions ornot. ENVIRONMENT partoftheexam, | Some believe thatthe climate has always changed like this So ‘and ithas (6) __ causes, while others think what is happening NATURE eeu is unique. One explanation isthe greenhouse effect. This is. ourself whethera | where (7) inthe atmosphere traps the sun's ays, Ikea giant POLLUTE negative form is greenhouse. While nobody claims that releasing chemicals into needed or not the atmosphere can be (8) ,not everyone is convinced that HARM Read the whole text to check. all the temperature change is due to (9) activity. i's an INDUSTRY important question, because a (10) __ can only be found once we SOLVE understand exactly what is causing the problem. ‘Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Write the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 1. They are building a new road through the Downs. is 5 Please try not to waste water. avoid ‘Anew road. through the Downs. Please try water. 2 hope we manage to persuade the government to 11d prefer you not to walk on my lawn, ban hunting. succeed hope we the government to ban hunting. td_____walk on my lawn, 7 Eventually, there'll be no fossil fuels left. out 3. Iheard that the dodo became extinct because it Pea Eventual we fos fuels heard that the dodo. because it couldn't © 8 We-should create less rubbish. stop ty Weneed much ubbish They sould eecus tbe plc in 4 * Fomorow’s meeting. discussed sow should youd Use of Ents Part? ‘The pollution problem in tomorrow's Instead of writing ‘do not write ‘don"t meting Tesagetts only one word b_ Remember that contractions count as two words, except can’t’, which counts as one.ing: article @&> Stagring,point— + What ae the peo Wat eth pelea the photozaph + How effective do tive do you think action lke this is? Look at thi Lanka x question snd irticle. What are the three main. ae writer makes? ne DOING YOUR BIT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT! ie alt Yow wna Hoe prdplen is. HOPE) warnings getting worse ama we tee Me oy a small mountain ot rudbish G17) "Rony. If coun seevs lke there's so selution, really wele the ‘envivonment. Fare Sew single chawges Fe You" We can ¥ ex and glass ave First of all, ask yoursel® iF you wecycle everything you coma fa Seay, but what atpout Mastic er 1 Sr End out Prom yous local Ceunell how YOu ee cycle more oF the Hings YOu USE every Aay. ink pou hows vac wanker you use: pew swyle steps could save Yo" ct the ew ment. For exawele, os Secondly, wmoney ana hele protes es ov schemes im YOu" areal That could don’ has J ta your council ke demand Hoe Finally, what i you aon have aay fav ye your chance tos gt there! We cam all Ae our wit, rors saving water to recycling, Nom ing protests. IB everybody Aees “vile, then perhaes regetner 2 a aigfevence! So, don't just wing letters Fe, we canveally ma B vndertne wh ere the writer does the following things. Om lat other phrases could beusedto + satheredere tesonte nae tein ari : 's a phrase to introduce the point of each pare 7 mmenececeireneean gives specific advice to the reader Pesan © complete the third paragraph in an appropriate way. Look backat the text ses contractions to give sive the article an informal style ‘on pages 70-71 for ideas.} Make notes to answer these questions. 1. Which ofthese effects might your school have on the local environment? + litter wasting water ‘+ wasting paper * anyother problems © noise 2. What solutions can you think of for each of these problems? 3. What part of your article will these problems be discussed in? "© introduction + main body © conclusion Rlapshead Geico a Your school magazine has invited you to suggest ways in which your school could be more environmentally friendly. ‘Write an article for the magazine, giving your suggestions. How should you write an article? Never ask your reader questions because they aren’t there to answer them. b Ask your reader rhetorical questions to involve them in the subject of the article See Witing database on page information. bareactiel Make a paragraph plan. Decide what information ‘you will include in each paragraph. 5} Write your article in 120-180 words in an appropriate style. Ciemeeees een nied Read the task in Exercise A and decide whether the following statements are true or false. point you make. asked your readers a rhetorical question 4, Isa good idea to give an article like this att. 1 Your article will appear in an international magazine raga ‘ Oo for scientist. used appropriate phrases to introduce each 2. You should make your article as formal as possible paragraph Gg 3. You should use a new paragraph for each main used an appropriate style o 5 Oo made suggestions a1(1) choose the correct word to fil the gap in each sentence. 2 Ive lived ina city ll my life, so I've never experienced life in a/an environment. Aurban = Brural Cglobal Dlocal 2 Ithink there's a Alack Inthe pipe; maybe we should calla plumber. Block Clake Dieak 3, Dana drinks a lot of. Afrozen ——Bfresh drinks ike lemonade and orangeade. Cfazy Dftat 14 They need to put more — Apaper Bitter bins in the town centre. Cwaste Dsewerage clothes 5. Mydad wears a sult to work, but he changes into ‘when he gets home, ‘informal B casual Crelaxed —-Dcalm 6 There wasa terrible oil__ when the tanker hit the rocks ina storm. Aslick Bdrop C pool Dspread 7. I bought a cool fishing __ yesterday! Apole Brod C stick Dbar 8 We're going ona to protest about the closure of the park. Aproduction 6 presentation C construction D demonstration Ez ©) Write a word from the boxin each gap to complete the sentences. catch «clear + come + die «Bick» go «run «tke a. We've nearly ut of milk. Could you go and get some for me? 2. Pandas are likely to___ out if we don't do something to protect them soon. 3. lusually __through all the magazines while 'm waiting to ‘see the dentist. 4, Richie really wants to Lup snowboarding, so we're going to get hima board for his birthday. 5 Putthe fruit inthe fidge or i'l off, 6 Ifyou round here at about half past six, we can watch that video before we go out. 7 Willyou help me _____upall this mess? 8 When Monopoly first ame out, nobody thought it would _. ons quickly. zz 0) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 had thought the film would be better. 3s The film ‘thought it would be. thad 2. They don't let children under three go on this ride, not Children under three goonthis ride. 3, Getting a professional to cut down those trees would be a good idea. better a nal to cut down those trees. 4 Why didn't you ask Helen to help you? should 5, I prefer you not to smoke in here. rather i here, __smoke in 6 Thisis the fastest rollercoaster in the world! goes No other one. this 7, We don't want to damage the environment. avoid We want ‘environment. sosmsthe,8 Whyare you always criticising me? © Complete each sentence using a form of the word in go ‘brackets. Why are you always me? 4 Although (ATTEND) at the school ‘concert wasn't compulsory, every single student People dont recycle enough rubbish inthis country Sued sp. mel ng eitite my <4 We showed our __ (APPRECIATE) by each, eas sending her some flowers. “I don’t know how anyone can get any marks = (ENJO¥) from Fishing! ‘4. Selentists used to think this chemical was ‘dangerous, but now they know it's completely (rite one word in each gap to complete the anny. sentences, a 5” My patents give me a monthly __ 1 us You tink amane Copii: sr Di (ALLOW), which use to buy clothes and CDs. planet (ADDICT. +6 Some drugs are highly __ 2 How did Caroline react __ the news? ecabealad 3. lfwe don’t take care ourlocal environment, who. 6 mais will? 4 Iedepends — the wether whether we goto the (3) Excho the words bold sin the wrong sentence, water park or not. se tect word on the line given. 5. think we've succeeded —— persuading people that atthe end of most plays, the sightseers comes onto ‘slobal warming isa real phenomenon. the stage to bow. 6 Are you accusing me ___ lying? ahs 7 |don't know why you refer... environmental 2." Hundreds of spectators rang in to complain about ‘campaigners as ‘crazy greens"! the TV programme. 8 Why don't you report your noisy neighbours. the’ <> local authorities? '3) Everyone in the lifeguard started screaming when Jennifer Lopez came onstage. ins a eae ‘The tennis player found it hard to concentrate (©) Match to make There Is one ‘youd x ‘because one of the audience was coughing loudly. metied ee “5. work as acast at the local swimming pool during 1 bottle a te the summer. 2 global. ‘b reserve a 3° entrance _ cc effect '6. Thousands of viewers visit the Acropolis every year. 4 fossil__ 4 bank eT 5 nature especies: Simats 6 greenhouse f fuel cajupee 5 warming Ta ae 8384 Reading @® Svagtigg,point— Do you have a games console? What do you think of the price of video and computer games? G) Look at the article and match these people to ther roles. IAN KELLY ‘2 amember of an organisation VIVIAN PARRIS concemed about shoppers’ rights GORDON MOORE > aperson who creates new video WATT ROERIG ‘and computer games IADEMITCHELL © teenager who plays video and ‘computer games d_ ajournalist looking into the problem of expensive video and computer games fe acomputer engineer who made ‘an important discovery You are going to read an article about electronic ‘games. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence you do not need to use. A. We look ata few recent titles and compare the prices. 8 On arrival, | was led into the testing room. That sounds good in theory, but does it work? D The games, though, don't seem to be as popular~ or as much fun~as they used to be. E There's also no doubtehat adolescents, who ‘make up the majority of the game-buying public, want these games and are prepared to save to get them. F That should mean that faster and more Powerful computers become easier and ‘cheaper to make. G I decided to hit the streets and speak to the people who matter: the buyers. H_ They spoke to many different people involved in the area. ‘Walk into any high street electrical store and the range of products available is dazzling. From MP3 pliyers to DVDs, from hand-held ‘computers to home cinemas, today's consumer is conffonted by displays ofthe latest gadgets everywhere they turn, Recently, though, people have begun to ‘wonder whether they are actually getting value for money when they splash out on the next piece of electronic wizardry. The ‘dea is that competition in the market forces prices down and we all benefit from cheaper and better goods. 1 “To find ou, 1 decided to do some research, I spoke to Vivian Parris of the consumer group Buywutch about one area of concern video games. Buywuich carried out an extensive survey over the lst six months into popular games consoles and the games that The results might shock anyone without any previous ‘experience of this sector of the market. run on them, 2 "Basically, teenagers and other game players are being ripped off says Vivian. The prices ‘of the consoles themselves are coming down, but the games are becoming more and more expensive, and there doesn't seem to be any {G Find words or phrases in the text which have a similar meaning to these words and phrases. buyer, shopper (paragraph 1) spend a large amount of money (paragraph 2) cheated (paragraph 4) ‘moving slowly (paragraph 5) room where scientists conduct experiments (paragraph 5) asked difficult questions (paragraph 6) pictures created by a computer (paragraph 6) pocket money (paragraph 6) saving money up (paragraph 7) 10 expensive (paragraph 8)PLAYSTATIONS clear reason for it’Vivian explains that in computing there is something called Moore’ hw. Gordon Moore ‘was a computer engineer in the 60s and 70s and he noticed that computer chips double in power roughly every eighteen months. 3 Over the lst ciety yeas of the computer industry that has happened, and a shopper today can afford technology undreamt of even ten years ago. Yet the prices of games keep creeping, or sometimes leaping, up. To find out why that might be, I visited Softp! the games software manufacturer responsible fr such hits as Unknow Lands and Earthstlker, 4 Matt Koenig, chief games developer, exphiined to me that they calli the laboratory. It isa large room of people playing high scores to each other actos: pizza ames, shouting their boxes and drinks cans. The whole thing couldn't be further fom the usual image of scientists in white coats "This is where i ll happens? comments Matt.‘One of the reasons for our succes is that we are al just ordinary gamers at heart We moved into Matt office where I ailled him about the prices of games."Look; he sid.'A huge amount of research and development g0es imo today’s games. You can't ust create a character and expect people to be happy collecting keys or whatever. You have to give chem stunning graphics, stereo surround sound, the whole works. And that costs’ I'm not completely convinced 5 “To be honest, we don't set the prices. That’ up to the individual shop at the end of the day All these games are very popular, and if you want something badly enough, you'll save up your allowance and go out and buy it. Its as simple as thae? Obviously I wasn't going to get far here. 6 Ata large game store in central London, Iran into a group of teenagers, busy admiring the latest releases. ‘Sometimes you can find a bargain, says Jade Mitchell, 14."Mosty, though, it means putting money by each week until you can afford the one you want. Either that or start hasling it! The others laugh. The console is nothing, and everyone’ got o “That's the trick. They get you playing, and then charge you a fortune for the games? So what have I learned from my brief trip into the world of video and computer games? First ofall, nobody even tries to deny that games are probably the most costly bits of plastic in the shops. 7 What left me feeling uneasy was the fact that these products have huge advertising budgets, spent on persuading young people how badly they need them, and that money bas to come ultimately from teenager, or often their parents 85Listening © ‘You will hear people taking in eight different situations. For questions 1-8, choose the best answer (A, 8 or C). 1 Youhear this conversation at 4 You eaia man talking in a the cinema, Which film do the ‘cornputer'shop. What does. couple decide to see? ‘he want to buy? ‘A Long Goodbyes ‘A printer 8 Starburst B_ amonitor: C Floating Voters C amouse 2. Youhear part ofa 5 Youhear a guide speaking in documentary on the radio. ‘8200, What does she say What is the speaker's job? about this animal? A scientist AA Itisunigue, B journalist 8 itis rare, © farmer ttis dangerous. 3 Youhearawomantaikingto 6 Youheara mali talking to a 2 friend on the phone. What ‘customer What does he. does she want her friend to refuse'te do? do? ‘A take'the item back ‘A invite someone toa party tetum the customer's money B putsomeone up forthenight Coffer a discount give someone agit from her PhD Ferenc You will hear five people talking about their hobbies. For questions 15, choose from the list (AF) what each speaker says. Use the: letters only once. There is one extra letter which youdo not need to. A [find it relaxing. Speaker’ 2 8 My collection is valuable, Speaker 2 2 Fm osing interest in my hobby. Speaker's 3 ‘D_ My hobby has taught me a lot. ‘Speaker 4 4 E I don't have enough time for my Speaker's. 5 hobby. F This hobby is new to me. oe> You hear an announcement on a plane. Whatis the problem? ‘The airport is closed. There is bad weather ahead. ‘The plane will arrive ate. ‘You hear a gil talking about ‘a computer game. What does ‘she dislike about it? the music the characters the graphics:Speaking xe Parts Asner the folowing questions about yoursel fave you always ved in this town? Have you travelled much? Have you ever been abroad? Where gid you spend your ast holiday? Do youthave any plans fr your nex holiday? arta {G) Read the examiners instructions and do the task. Candidate A, here are two photographs of different places. I ike you to compare them and. ‘say which place you would prefer to spend a week's, holiday in, You only have one minute for this. Which place would you prefer to spend a week's holiday in? Candidate B, here are two photographs of different means of transport. like you to ‘compare them and say how you feel about travelling in these ways. You only have one ‘minute for this. How do you feel about travelling in these ways? Candidate A, which means of transport would you prefer to travel on? Part 3 1G Read the examiner's instructions and do the task. ‘* What would each activity be like? * Choose three activities to do on your holiday. Part 4 © Ask and answer te folowing questions. Do you thnkit’ important for people to have holidays? What can people learn rom travelling abroad? Do you tink holidays and travel wil change over the next 5 years?Use of English Read the text below and decide which answer (A, 8, Cor D) best fits each gap. LOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM GPS, or Global Positioning System, is a remarkable (3) __.. Using a simple receiver, itis now possible to know yur exact location on Earth at the press of a button, possibly making the simple map and compass (2) The (3) of GPS was developed by the US military and the system was set () by them. Its based on a network of 24 satelite in orbit around the Earth. Using radio signals, the hand-held receiver calculates the (5) tothe satelites ands then able to figure (6) where the user isto (7) -_a few metres. ‘There are (8) __ practical applications of this system. For example, itwas used during (6) __ of the Channel Tunnel, connecting England to France, to (20) .__ sure that the two ends of the tunnel metin the middle. Car companies are currently (13) __ ways of including GPS equipment in every car, so (12) __ whether to turn Fight or left at the next junction could soon bea thing of the past. 1 Aappliance Bdiscovery —Csolution _—_D invention 2 Atraditional Beclassic Cobsolete Dold 3 Aconcept —_Bideal Cimage D thought, 4 off Bup Cin Dover 5 Alength line Cdistance —Dsize 6 Aff Bup Con Dout 7 Awithin Bamong between D around 8 Auncountable Bnumerous Cmassive grand 9 Ainstallation Beonstruction Cshaping __D manufacture 30 Ado Bhave Cmake Dtake 11 Aresearching Bexperimenting Cestimating D pre 42 Adeclaring — Bdoubting Cknowing-—_D wondering PR CL re ee ee) Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. DINOSAUR EXTINCTION After ruling the Earth (a) 200 million years, the dinosaurs suddenly (2) __extinct around sixty- five million years ago. Sciéhtists disagree about the precise reasons why they died (3) ____, but they agree that (4) ‘was probably the result of a dramatic change in the Earth's climate. There are two main answers (6) the question of what caused the change. A huge volcanic explosion hes © suggested as one possible cause, while another popular theory claims that the change a be explained as the result ofa large meteorite crashing into the Earth. However the explosion ‘came (8) _______, both theories agree that disaster spread over the planet. Large amounts of dustin the ‘atmosphere blocked the sun's heat and temperatures dropped. It @) estimated that around twenty: five per cent of plant life on the Earth was destroyed by fire. With the conditions they 0) used to disappearing, the dinosaurs could (a1) survive. Only smaller animals, such as birds and mammals, could adapt (42) the new situation.Writing: email C® Look atthe askin Exercise 8 and answer these questions. 1 Should your email be formal or informal? 3. How should you start and end your email? 2 Who are you writing to? 4 What information do you want? You and your family are considering going on a cruise around the Mediterranean. You have seen the advertisement below and would like more information, Read the advertisement and the notes which you have made below carefully Then write your email to the travel agent, covering the points in your notes and adding any relevant information about your family. rt ,H i it this summer Enjoy a relaxing cruise around the pee ageeeea restaong the = bg 9 shipstokeyavona Slop chew ETT Norte Arcs, [which resorts? ‘organised Let our fast, modern: id of Southern ree shop til you drop, OF | cctivities - What — cvage of discovery in a Wor you can shoP ct ew where nd watch the rites? ary yodiye ond un yOUnEIETENEMMEN TE Sony ver aco : : world go DY = Sire ran eras whletse®. WEST vireo : toy orermeangroas te, ungyoulnow \ ‘ond a whole wed vay \ igames rooms: ein Sigorised aces formar information bouton YON, Write your email in 120-150 words. You must use rea enone simmatialyendemmos itso! ae Punctuation ina style appropriate forthe situation. aaa m ‘iam Fado, Seabees ven you have writen your email, make sure that you hay Faldo Teve able fo eer eee i OT eye TD} ondon E12 480 J used paragra used formal language, including indirect questions asked for al the information you need started and finished your email in an appropriate way price? discounts or groups? 0000Word,power ‘stamina «teamwork + sense of balance | agility + coordination J Stenting point— + Choose one ofthe sports in the photographs and explain what skillsyou need todo it well G Read the article quickly to find the answers to these questions. 1 When were the fist Extreme Games orX Games held? 2. Which extreme sportis also an Olympic event? 3) What are the two main forms of Bmx? 4 When did the fst aN magazine come out? 5 When were roller skates invented? You are going to read a magazine article about sports. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. ‘A. This form of the sport is based on skateboarding competitions. B. Athletes would show off their skills for the people watching to copy. C_Anumber of people have objected to these dangerous sports, highlighting the risk of accident. D Several ofthe sports that fal into this category have also been known as ‘outlaw sports’ because they were banned in many areas for being too dangerous. E This design was easier to control and led to an increase in Popularity for the sport. F Thisis partly because they are often considered to be different from older, established sports. 6 Fans of motocross, but too young to ride motorbikes, they named their sport ‘pedal cross’. H. For example, BMX racing and mountain biking are both based on cycling, ing Part 2? How should you do Reading Par tofiteach gap, because you don’t have much time. 1 check \When you have chosen a sentence att ote et tsk 2 pormmediatiy othe et 2 ee ea the nl ex with te senencesrelaed it makes sense. Find forms of these words in the text. Match them to the correct, definitions, freestyle @ asport or activity using boots with wheels roller skating bone sport that forms part ofa sporting competition recreational ——_¢_asloping surface used for jumping off event d_ addangerous move in certain extreme sports stunt done for amusement or enjoyment ramp F (ofa sport) using any methodGoimotorextiemes! iene re ‘Whether its a jaw-dropping move ona skateboard or the. raw speed of BMX, theres no doubt that extreme sports have taken off in abig way over the last twenty-five years. Some need snow, some ned wheels, but they all share an clement of danger, usually combined with acrobatic stunts. ESPN, the American TV sports Retwork, organised the first Extreme Games (now the X Games) in}995 and coined the ‘phrase‘extreme sports. 1 However, some older, ‘mote traditional sports, suchas freestyle sing, skydiving, surfing and waterskiing, are also sometimes considered extreme sports Extreme sports have also been characterized as‘alternative sports. 2 ‘Also, many ofthe athletes have adopted alternative fashions and have seen themselves as outside the sual sporting world. Many extreme sports are in fact new versions of older sports, often made possible by technological changes or Improvements in equipment. 3 Trine skating is a form of roller skating. For the most part, eftreme sports originated as recreational activities for individuals, but often ina group context. 4 ——_Asthey have become competitive, extreme sports have been at least partly absorbed into the ‘mainstream, although snowboarding is stil the only extreme sport to have become an Olympic event. (One of the most spectacular extreme sports is BMX. There: are two main forms, BMX racing, which takes place ona dirt ‘track of about 300 to 400 meters with a series of jumps, and freestyle BMX, Involving stunts and ticks. The sport has ‘come a long way since a group of kids fist started organising aces at Palms Par, Santa Monica, California, back in 1969. 5 They couldhthave known what they were starting. Races quickly got bigger and the sport became known a8 BMX, which stands for bicycle motocross. The first American national championship was held in 1974 and ‘the first magazine devoted tothe sport appeared inthe same year. t went from strength to strength throughout the eighties and nineties and today there are over 50 national ‘BMX organisations around the world. [Another popular extreme sports imine skating, with around 30 million skaters worldwide. Irtine skates are generally assumed to be very new and modem, but actually al, roller skates were in-line fram the first known par in 1716 until 1863. It was then that James Plimpton invented a skate with four wheels ina rectangular arrangement. 6 n 1966, the origina in-line skates returned, but it wasnt until 1980 that ‘two ice hockey-playing brothers, Scott and Brennan Olson of Minneapolis realized that in-line skates could be used for ‘raining and practice when there was noice. They started to make their own skates, selling them to friends, and eventually setup their own company, Rollerblade, to market them. They were so successful that inline skates ae often known simply as Rollerblades ‘Asa competitive sport, in-line skating is actualy several sports. There are in-line versions of the traditional roller skating events: speed skating, artistic (figure) skating, and roller hockey. However, the best-known and mest popular of the competitive sports is aggressive i-ine skating also known as ‘agers. 7 ——_Thereare two events, street and vert (short for vertical). In street competition, skaters perform ticks hile jumping over boxes, amps, and rails, while in vert they do a 60-second routine of tricks and stunts in ahalf-pipe, like that used in skateboarding and snowboarding It seems certain that extreme sports wil continue to grow in popularity and bring even more heart-stopping action to more people. So, what are you waiting for? Go to extremes! Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? taken off » coined « versions + originated stands for «devoted to - went from strength to strength _Haye,youn.sey! Have you ever tried any extreme sports?Grammar 1 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the frst sentence, using the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 Pethaps Len has forgotten about Look at the following sentence and choose the correct, meaning. basketball practice. have “lan must be playing football,’ said Maria, Len about basketball practic. @ Maria thinks that lan has no choice about playing 2 imagine it was depressing to lose by six football goals. been b_ Mariais almost certain that lanis playing football, You after losing by six goals. 3. | don't believe that Oliver beat Simon at ‘These modal verbs can be used to express an opinion about squash! beaten ‘whet re ani Oliver Simon at squash! Fleer tetanic cece: 4 Perhaps Carol didn’t know that the match hhad been rearranged, may carol that the match had been arranged 5. suppose Tim was unhappy when his BX bike was stolen, happy Tim When his BMX bike was ‘© ‘That can't be Ruth at the door. She's playing tennis. ‘© Basketball must be the number one sport inthis: country. You must have been very pleased when you won the ‘match.’ ‘* ‘Richard can't /couldn't have been very happy when you beat him.’ Coprobably true or not tue. © ‘Tom ought to /should be arriving back from the game any minute nom possibly true or not rue, © ‘This could /might /may be the greatest final ever!" © ‘Dad could might /may have been delayed at the tennis club." Use the words in brackets in the correct ‘See Grammar database 19 on page 184 for more form to complete this dialogue. TRE Kelly: Well done, Fran. You've improved! You EY Find an example of a modal being used to express an almost lest blecti=): Cartain optninatn the Cecton pate pe Unde Fran: Well | think you (eight / ted) sentence. me wine Kelly: Maybe next time! But honestly, you were realy good. You (ean't mis) Use the prompts and your mote than afew shots tagination to answer the Fran: It was a lot of fun. You (must / questions about the Photograph. be) exhausted, though. That's your second ‘match today, isn't it? 1 Where was tis photograph Kelly: Yes. | (must / be) mad! ve taken? (might) got another match tomorrow, as wel. 'm 2 How do you think the playing Wendy. She (can't/ be) people are feeling? (must) 3. What were the people ding before the photo was taken? (may) 4 Who do you think these people are? (could) es very good because | heard that Amy beat her last week. Fran: She (cant / do)! Amy is a complete beginner! Kelly: Yes, know. Look! There's Wendy's car 3 She (must / play) at the moment. Let's see if we can find her. Fran: Okay.Vocabulary People in sport Match the fllowing words tothe correct definitions. 1 referee the person or team who most people 2 coach think wil win 3 opponent Da person who has wona major 4 favourite competition 5 runnerup © S0™meone who controls a tennis match 6 champion ‘the person who comes second 7 competitor © the person you are playing against 8 umpire £ the person who is winning a race 9) leader Someone who controls a football match fh someone who trains athletes ‘someone who takes partin a sporting competition Phrasal verbs: sport @ compete these sentences using the phrasal verbs to do with spotin the correc form, with the leader. such a difficult 1 The other runners gradually 2 Thisis the fist time this team challenge. 3 The final weather. until next weekend because of the 4 Johnand Mark started playing football and all the other children soon : 5. Ifyou want to win a marathon, it's important never to but to believe that you can keep going. 6 Everyone was shocked when the leader with only two Laps to go. of the race Word formation Complete each sentence using a form of the word in brackets, 1 This willreally damage our chances of winning the championship ose) 2 Imreally quite losing. (COMPETE) 3. Weneed a great from everyone if we're going to win this match. (PERFORM) 4. Regular training helps to build and muscles. (STRONG) 5 Both our key players are out of action at the ‘moment with serious ciniure) 6 The important thin in any sport isto get your right. (PREPARE) mes) and |can't stand BD) at other words can be formed using these words? Make a note of as many as you can, Don't forget to include any negative forms. Collocations: sport B Complete these phrases using go, play or do. 1 skateboarding 5 ___.wind-surfing 2 __karate 6 skiing 3 horse-riding 7 ___.water polo 4 squash 8 the long jump Match each sprtto the place where itis played. 1 football 2. basketball hockey Sia a tink 4 volleyPal b court 5 cticket O uce 6 golf itch 7. skating ou 8 boxing . 9 tennis 10 wrestlingWord,power—* {gender sexism - (unfair «physical strength _ Starting, point ‘© Isitunusual to see women taking part in certain sports? © Dowomen get the same sporting opportunities as men in your country? 9 ustento these three extracts and match each ‘speaker to one of the pictures below. Gd G) Peed statements AF in Exercise D. For each statement, suggest what the speaker might be taking about. Example: AShe thinks someone made an unfair decision. "Perhaps she wos playing a sport professional suchas BB Usstento extracts from the other two speakers. tennis, and the umpire said a ball was out when she ‘Which sports do they mention? =) thought it was in." ree How should you do Listening Part 3? ‘You will hear five different women talking about sports. For questions 1-5, choose Tonthela(@O atuteahspeersaptseictcrengoneTeecion | © AEE oye eee ae fore AA She thinks someone made an unfair decision. Speaker 1 i ee) 8 She thought the sportwas easierthan it looked. speaker 2 You know what © She regrets not being in better shape. Speakers 3 expect D_ Sheisconsidering taking up a new activity, ly read any ker » Only E Sherecenytieda newsportforthefisttime, SPENT #4 statements youre F She realises that she was quite lucky. soe.) 5 given about the Speakers after stern 50 that Which of th tioned by the youdon't get ich of the sports mentioned by Tonfused -Haveyourn,say! ‘women can you doin your area? 94.@ “Stagting,point—” ‘+ How do you think the people in the photographs on this page feel? + Do you prefer to take part in sport or watch sport as a spectator? Choose true or false. in Part sof the FCE Speaking test, 1 both candidates are always asked the same questions. TIF 2 w= you have to talk fora minute to answer each question. TF 3. you will lose marks if your answers, are not true, TF 4 «you should give one-word answers, to save time. WF 5 your answers should be clear and relevant. T/F Listen to extracts from a candidate talking in Part 1 of the FCE Speaking test. As you listen, put the following questions the candidate was asked in the correct order. EE Do you follow any sports as a spectator? Do you play much sport? Have you ever tried any unusual sports? What are the sporting facilites like in your area? Now listen to the whole of Part 1 and check your answers. Which candidate do you think performs better, Michael or Sonia? Why? [Bd You are going to interview each other using the {questions in Exercise E. Before you do, make brief notes of your answers and the reasons for them. Siena ‘© Doyou come from a large family? What do you like doing in your free time? © Doyou play any sport? © Doyou prefer team or individual sports? ‘= Doyou follow any sports as a spectator? © What do you think of extreme sports? © What are the sporting facilites like in your a Walk into the interview room chewing gum, sit down and say Hi. Is it dificult? b- Walk into the interview room, smile, greet the examiners and sit down when invited, ready to begin the interview. See Speaking database on page 194 95.i H Reading 2 Gp Wenrd,powe: Starting, point: Youare going to read a text about problems faced by sportsmen and women. Read the text quickly and note down the main problem each person describes. Sandra McNaughton Benjamin Bailey Karen Rush Marcus Jordan Helen Tyler Luke Zafet the following things? athe future b success uncertainty d_ happiness e other people injury + pressure » privacy « stress « uncertainty ‘© What problems do successful sportsmen and women face? Gordon Clarkson ‘Angela ‘Tomado' Wilson {B) Look at the questions in Exercse C. Which ofthem refer to You are going to read a newspaper article about different sportsmen and women. For questions 1-15, choose from the people (A-H). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person was lied to by someone close? was affected by the weather? predicts that their performance will improve? was accused of wrongdoing? didn't know iftwo things would work together? will continue with their sport but ina different way? felt uncertain because of something they read? made a choice to stop something? had an accident? ‘was very excited by an announcement? was advised not to worry? missed an important sporting event? ‘was unsure that they would achieve victory? ‘met someone who changed them? felt pressure from journalists to do well? Eight sportsmen and women describe the greatest challenge they've faced this year. A sandra McNaughton - tennis player “was on such a high at the start of the year. Yd won the Ladies Open back in December, ‘and Dave Barbeck and | won ‘the Mixed Doubles in February, Everything seemed ‘to be going right. And then | Se) tripped during training and sprained my ankle. Suddenly 1 ‘my prospects for the rest of. the year seemed worse than ever. | didn’t get to compete at Wimbledon, of course, but | have now totally recovered, thank goodness.’ B benjamin Bailey — footballer “Things weren't so good in September, when the rumours started inthe press that | was to ; be dropped from the team. y don'tknow where they came $B for, and my coach and the EE wenager both reassured me they weren't true, butit’s a horrible feling thinking you might not be ‘wearing the club's strip for much longer. | had sleepless nights about it. 've learnt an Important lesson, though: never believe what you read in the papers.” C Karen Rush - boxer “The biggest challenge I've had to face this et) yest is staying focused. fell head over heels in love in ‘March, and all of a sudden A: % there was something in my 4 life apart from boxing. Training's extremely ding Part3? he sentences that alve you the Senomber ne re uesan mb ite epee our ans How should you do Re 2 undetnet coiren sot ae antences ndetrine thes esietine : Dont wast sane answersbecauselts that Me Yo each avery HER pornsingle-minded, so! had to work outif I'd have to sacrifice either my relationship ‘or my career, orf could have both. So far 've managed to keep both, but know it's not going to be easy’ D Marcus Jordan - rugby player ‘Te was a very weird year for me, knowing it was my last season playing professionally. [don't regret taking the decision to retire ~ you ‘can't go on forever ~ but with every game I felt justa live sadder. ‘The end was drawing near. P'm not going to completely disappear, though, as Pl be playing as an amateur for the Lincolnshire Warriors, club for older players’ E Helen Tyler longdstancerunne “The marathon in Lisbon. The media hhad built it up into such abig thing. and of course Iwas, desperate to win, but 1 just wasn't prepared for running in that kind of heat and I found it : realty dificult o keep up the pace. There were moments ‘when I thought I wouldn't make it. ‘Thankfully, just kept going, and it paid off. [cried when Iwas awarded the trophy.” Ateam's 2 3 4 Asports 5 Another word for ‘speed! is. 6 ifyouare 7 8 Ifyou suffer a F Gordon Clarkson ~ basketball player “Discovering that ‘the person I most ‘rusted ~ my business manager V had been \ stealing from me. 1 always just signed the contracts without reading them, and left the business side of things to him, Now I feel betrayed, and have lost one of my best friends, Tlbe a lot more careful in future, thats for sure! G Luke zafelti- sprinter ‘My whole world fell to pieces when they told me I'd failed a drugs test, wouldn't be able to compete in the European Championships and that my career was over. I felt anger, shock and resentment, but knew Dare sptacest tall {© Find words inthe texto complete these definitions. Your are your chances offuture success is the coloured clothes they play in. A professionals pad for performing, whereas /an is isan organisation that consists ofa team and other staff something, you are given it for your achievements. -. are written legal agreements. + you lose a sporting contest. Thad to stay strong to clear my name, When they finally admitted there'd been a mix-up with the blood samples and I was reinstated, just before the Championships, I was thrilled. T never want to go through anything like that again! H Angela ‘Tornado’ Wilson - snooker player “Last year | was World Snooker ‘Champion. This year, haven't won a single major championship. When you suffer one defet afer another, really fees your mood, making it ven more dificult to win the next time. I'm just beginning to learn how to not let flue affect me,so I can continue to py So watch this space. 'llbe back, and I'l be better than ever” Haye your say! ‘Would you like to be involved in sport professionally?Grammar 2 Enea es Which prepositions complete this sentence? ‘The match is on/at Monday to/at the Millennium Stadium at/in Cardi. at Cla specific time: at one o'clock! midnight/6.30 (la public holiday: at Christmas| Easter|New Year Cla specific location or bt ling: meet at the airport|McDonald’s/the cinema Cisroup activities: be at a match/party|concert Cother phrases: at the weekend, at work, at night, at dawn on (days: on Monday Friday morning my birthday positions on a surface: on the table/a bridge/the road islands: on Tenerife/Crete] the Isle of Man [lother phrases: on Tv, on the phone, on time [periods tonger than a day: in 1996]the first week of ‘March/summer (parts ofthe day: in the morning /aftemoon|evening inside rooms, buildings or large areas: the ‘inemajtondon the centre of town (J other phrases: in a week's time, in time ‘See Grammar database 20 on page 185 for more information. Y arfve in Manchester/Russia/ fica X ative to the airport/ Manchest Compete this dialogue using the coret prepositions. " Kyle: We're meeting jonty 1__ the comer ofhis street» one, aren't. we? Hailey: No, 3__ the stadium, outside the gate, He said he had to go shopping 4 the moming Kyle: Oh, yeah. He's never 5 time for anything, though. We'd better get the tickets. Hailey: Did you see the other game 6 TWrltwas one-one 7 halftime and we scored two 8 — the second half Kyle: missed. | was 9 work. deliver pizzas 10 the evenings, remember? “rfve at the airport/the station/your destination ter/your destination What is wrong with this sentence? Could you tell me what time is basketball training this week? (Indirect questions are more formal than direct questions. They are formed using an introductory phrase, such as: * Could you tell me. * Doyou know . + Iwonder if you could. Would you mind telling me .. + Could task... * Doyou think you could... this is fotowed by a ques word clause. Notice the word order. + Could you tellme what time the ‘match starts? ‘+ Lwonder'f you could let me know show much the tickets are. [When an indirect question begins with a question form, itneeds a Question mark at the end. Otherwise, we do not use a question mark. Compare: © Could fask how you play this sport? ‘© wonder if you could tell me how you play this sport. ‘See Grammar database 21 on page 4385 for more information. B inagine youare going to interview one of the people in the text on pages 96 and 97 Choose the person fo lterview and ite iniect questions you could ask, using these phrases. Could youtettme Would you mind eling me. Could | ask... | wonder iyou could tell me. Now role-play the interview in pais. One of you sould take the part ofthe Sportsman or woman, and the other the part of a reporter interviewing them for tational newspaper.How should you do Use of English Use of English cate Leave yourself ery ttle / enou oa Read the text in Exercise B quickly to find the answer to this question. _ time to transfer: Fa mea ete i answer sheet and d ‘re professionals allowed to compete in the Olympic games? io it as carefull i i icky as possible because any 9 mistakes will / won't cost you marks, RTS advantage (9) ___ they could afford to train and compete without Tide te detec Benewen tbe needing to earn money. In 1988, the OC (which (0) for Teoresnblemdiie (ls cispareiem International Olympic Committee) decided to allow professionals eter oteportingeticeeMcek(O) to take (11) __ in the Olympics. Only boxing and football still Start their careers by winning competitions _restrict the (12) __ of professionals allowed to compete. Boxing, I aries Woeals veveetee tesa excludes professionals altogether, while Olympic football teams 6) themselves to thelr chosen sport. _afeallowed upto three professionals onthe side However, for along time many peo ‘ Remora os ee 1 Achampion Bamateur Cumpite volunteer eee eer oleapicnieal 2 AoppOnents rivals Crunners.up Dathetes ofpeople simply tying todo thelr best for, —-«3.-Aconcentrate Bdevote Cfocus. Daim the love ofthe sport. 4 Amatch ——-Baction. activity recreation In fact, even (5) __ in ancient Olympic 5 Aplayers Bmembers Cparticipants D attendants (© —wereabletomae argeamountsof ¢ Asessions Bats Clays events pear TURL oo 7 Aearmed Bawarded Cgained D rewarded Te eee Mere ig —-& Aprevented —Bdenied © Crefused Disallowed could become very rich. 9 Abut Bsince Cdespite although During most ofthe 20th century, 10 Agoes Btakes —Cmeans stands professionals were (8) __ from entering the 11 Apart Baccount = Cplace Dsides: Olympics. This gave the wealthy an iz Aamount Bdegree —Cnumber__—-D.quantity @ took atthe title of the text in Exercise D. What do you know about this subject already? Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits ‘gap in the same line. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. How'should you do Use of In 1967, the use of drugs by (2) __in the Olympics was COMPETE English Part 32 banned. Before modern drugs became a problem, athletes had @ Ifyou really don't tried all sorts of ways, including drinking a (2) of alcohol Mix know the form of the and raw egg before a race, inorder to get an unfair advantage eee emtes andan()-—intheitine. Inthe marathon in s94,Thomas PROVE | yyy ED BaNK Hicks, who became the gold (4) —., actually drank brandy MEDAL the word that is during the race! needed, take a guess (6). .1n1960, a Danish athlete died after taking drugs and FORTUNE using your knowledge the (6) was taken to outlaw certain substances. Today, DECIDE of ways of forming. there are (7) __ chemicals which athletes are not allowed to count se take—not only uring competitive events but also during (@) . Olympic officials randomly test athletes’ blood TRAIN for (9) ofthese drugs. Any athlete found to have these EVIDENT ‘substances in thelr system will almost certainly be banned from competing, partly because they give the athlete an unfair advantage, and partly because they are so (10). HARM, z1B Aoswerthese questions. 2 3 ‘© What reasons are there for writing formal letters and emails? Do you tke writing emails or do you prefer other means of communication? Why? / Why not? G) Rea this email, what j features of formal language can ou find nthe email? Michelle Greene Dear Mr Peterson, 1 to be interviewed for our school magazine. ‘Thank you for your email agreeing ir mv hour. What we are interested in is i should last approximately half in answer fo your questions the inerview sh tenho: Ve te tow re vane 0 gold medal in the Olympics. We would abo welcome ony ol ‘on becoming 0 professional athlete. she school Do you ink you could be here on eer 158 or 14% Mey? ‘We would like to hold the intorvis take photographs during ing your gold medal wih you. We ate planning 10K Oe a ved to ho rei fal our ard work wonder if you could possibly bri d rpeetlemew and ur reoders would be very intre ploose do contact me if you have any futher quesions regarding Ihe ier Yours sincerely, Michelle Greene Complete Michelle's email by writing a paragraph Who do you think Mr Peterson might be? about the time ofthe interview. Include the following Who do you think Michelle Greene might be? points. What questions do you think Mr Peterson asked in * afternoon (4p) beter because of lessons his last email? + morning possible, i before am ‘What suggestion and what request does Michelle make?Planehead, A es The editor of your school magazine has asked you to ‘arrange an interview with a local sportswoman. Below is the email the sportswoman has sent you. Penny McDougal 12" February Interview ed, but there are I will nged. Could you woul like the eam very happy to ne pas ‘one ot two piaces of information you lat me row whee and when verve to tke place? | would be grote f you coud give meo choice of dates since Tam que PH. | would also like to know what Lom going fo be aed about and whether there is arying | should bring with me tothe interview. Hock forward to heoring from you $00". Yours sincerely, Penny McDougal Read Mrs McDougal's reply and the note below from the editor of the magazine. Then write an email to Mrs McDougal, arranging the Interview and answering her questions, We want to know about Mrs McDeugal!’s career, especially being a wowian in Football. Dees she have any advice For us? weve got a special issue on sport in Mach, 50 avouna the middle of February would be a goca tine to intewiew her. You suggest some dates ana times. oh, ana does she have amy photos of hersel® playing? They'a lock great in the magazine. Good luck, and speak to you later, : Cowol tow should you write a format Letter/ematl? regen, you nee choose From he te as aks the mostra Cte an ouae Youn res paapasadng ther reevnt ere atn fom yur imagination sec wring datobose on page 197 fut information a Book atthe writing task in Exercise Aand answer these questions 1 Who are you writing to and why? 2 What four things does she want to know? 3, What are the answers to her questions? 4 Howare you going to start your email? Dear 5. Atthe end of your email, what should you write above your name? Yours Moke a paragraph plan, Decide what information youl incuden each paragraph. {© Write your emai in 120-250 words. You must use grammatically correct sentences wit accurate ‘spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate forthe situation. (ne era answered all of Mrs McDougal's questions added any other relevant information checked your grammar, spelling and punctuation written the correct number of words oo ooo 101Reading 1 @@® _ Word power * Stantind,poirt + What means of communication can you think of + How do they affect our lives? * How do you think they will develop in the future? Look at the headings in the textopposite. Do you know what any of these jobs involve? Book atte text quickly to match these people tothe jobs they do. 1 MikeRae a. drector 2 Usajenkinsb- special effects manager 3 ToddBarnes ¢. cameracperator you jing Part 3? How should you do Reading Part 3 "When there is more than one answer 103 question ut them in. it doesn't matter what order YOU P ; +b you should be aefltoputtherinthe coed ret You are going to read an article about jobs in the media. For questions 1-15, choose from the jobs (A), The jobs may be ‘chosen more than once, There are many jobs inthe media, some of which you may never have thought of as a Career option. went along to Planet Productions to speak to the people there about what it takes to gett the top. A Special Effects Manager ‘Want to crash a car, or destroy a spaceship? People who workin special effects desion, make and operate the special effects ‘equipment required fora production. Many of the people working in special effects are experts in specialised areas (electronic, explosives, etc). Mike Rae, special effects ‘manager at Planet Productions, tld me that you had tobe able to use computers, be creative and have a good imagination, a well as understand what the directors teling you. He said he had leamed what looked good on Screen by watching films ike Star Wars when he was a child B Camera Operator Think you can get the perfect shot? itis the «camera operators jb to produce the visual ‘mages that make films and television programmes possible. Camera operators set ‘up, position and operate camera equipment in studios or on location to shoot required scenes. Tasks will vary considerably depending ‘on whether they are working in film or ‘television. You might have responsibility for interpreting the director's intentions isa Jenkins, one ofthe fewr women camera ‘operators inthe industry, said she had done a photograph degree course before landing a job with Planet Productions | asked her ‘whether qualifications were important. What really counts s experience’ she tld me.’ Most people follow the traditional “start at the bottom and work your way up" approach’ C Journalist Joumalists work across a range of factual, news and current affairs programmes for ‘atl, television and the print media, reporting ‘on local, national and intemational stories.eS a How would you [fle] U ce to be involved in making the latest Hollywood blockbuster? Or how about reading a ~~ wa the news on TV? Working in the media can be a great career move, as Isabel Pettifer finds out! They may be expected to contribute ideas, write scripts and ‘news bulletins direct news items on location and interview on camera, Planet Productions has a staf of five journalists and they agreed that vital qualities were an eye fora story, a focus ‘onthe reader, viewer or listener and the ability to decide in a split second how to cover a story. If you also have excellent Communication skill and can write wel, then maybe Journalism is for you! D Presenter Presenters introduce, present and host productions for radio or television. They may, depending on the production, introduce programmes, host shows, read news, interview people report on ssues and events research and write scripts, attend production meetings and find quests to appear in a production. Good organisational skis, good memory and a good sense of timing are essential her. Youve also got to look right and sound right, of course. A good presenter makes the viewers fel that he or she stalking irecly to them, so you hhave to come across as a likeable person. E Scriptwriter Maybe you'd like to see your ideas upon the ig screen. Its scrptrtrs win work to produce scripts for a variety of rao, “Wor fim productions. Ther tasks may include choosing ‘themes for written work and conducting research into the subject. Then, ofcourse they have to plan and organise the ‘material and write, revise and eit the script. Good knowledge of story structure is important, along withthe ability to produce fresh and original ideas. Good communication skills ‘and an excellent understanding of English, particularly grammar and spelling is also vital. The pressure can be intense, so you have to be able to work to deadlines F Director See yourself asa leader? The director takes overall responsiblity for the creative, visual and audio effect of a production. They are responsible for managing both human ‘and technical resources on a production and reporting to the producers Directors take creative decisions and may be responsible for writing or rewriting parts ofthe script. One of the directors at Planet Productions Todd Bames told me you hhad to keep calm and think straight under pressure. He said he hhad to make important decisions every minute of every day. Have you got wat it takes? Whatever your skill, working in the media can be a rewarding experience. For more information, try searching online for "careers in the media’ and see what comes up! Find these words and phrases in the text and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? ‘explosives qualifications « contribute vital + a split second « likeable + deadlines» overall comes up {Find forms ofthese words and phrases inthe text and match ‘each one to the correct definition. Have your.say!_ Discuss which ofthe jobs you. alee patie ene 1 blockbuster a take pictures of 2 image b picture 3. shoot ¢ important events in the news 4 current affairs d_ short news report on television or radio 5 script € the written words of a news report, film, ete 6 bulletin very successful film ) 5 FY i Ri Ay é & ti @iH i y é Hy Hy 5 § 8 Grammar 1 Ses He said he wanted to work in the media. What did he actually say? a "I wanted to work in the media.’ I want to work in the media’ [when we report (tell somebody else) what a person said tous, we often have to change the tense ofthe verb, together with other words which refer to time and place. sehen spl past preentcominuous se pastcominuous ceeeae Sinpepet” bpp past perfect present perfect continuous pstcnious be paper cori past perfect continuous [CJ other words we have to change include pronouns and here there now then, at that moment today » that day yesterdays the day before, the previous day tomorrow » the day after, the following/next day next week/month/year # the following week/month/year ‘ago before may » might this the, that will would cans could must had to ‘See Grammar database 22 on page 186 for more information. Find this sentence in the text on page 102 and underline it. He sald he had learned what looked good on screen by watching films like Star Wars when he was a child. Find three other examples of reported speech in the text and.undertine them. © these are things your friends have said to you. Use the words in bold to rewrite them as reported speech, 2 Kevin: ‘lam starting my job atthe TV studio next week. sald 2. Alysia: "Ths is my favourite episode.’ told Terry:'Ithink the media have a great influence on public opinion." thought 4. Richard: love special effects and| think they'll get better in the future.’ sald 5. Chery: '! have been working for this radio station for two years. told LTTE. Dave asked her whether qualifications were important. What did he actually say? ‘Are qualifications important?” b ‘Were qualifications important?’ In this kind of yes/no! question, which word could we use instead of ‘whether’? When we are reporting a question that uses awh- question word (what, why, where, when, how, etc), we repeat the question word. Notice the word order in the second sentence. ‘How did you get into the media? » | asked hher how she had got into the media. See Grammar database 23 on page 187 for ‘more information, Correct these sentences. 1 Laskedto Lisa what was it ike working inthe media. 2. The director asked me that did workin ims before, 3. The producer asked me what are you doing tomorrow? 4 asked the journalist was he ever frightened. Rewrite these questions as reported questions. 1 ‘Do youworkiin the media? lasked her 2. ‘Which channel do you work for? | asked her 3. "Who wrote the script for this show?" Lasked her Have your say! Discuss these statements. Tell the class what ‘another student said using reported speech.Vocabulary Communication Put these words into the right categories. Some words ‘might go in more than one category. ‘channel « presenter «bulletin + newsreader « studio «viewer ‘Means of communication People Phrasal verbs: communication {B) Mach each phrasal verb to do with communication tothe tomect meaning Could youturn the TV on? want to watch the news. 2 {keep trying to log onto check my emal butt ist workin, 4 Merners ofthe audience are requested totum ofall mobile phones 4 Asthepoltican spoke, he journalists took dawn what he sai 5. Could you put mathrough to M Thorpe please? 6 don't think you should bring the argument up aga when we see Ray and Scott, 7 ‘couldn't hear anybody onthe line so decided to hang up. 8. Oh. this show s rubbish Why don't you tum over? connect someone on the phone stop aTV, et, from working by pressing a button write what someone says put the phone down change channel on aTV start a TV, etc, working by pressing a button ‘mention in a conversation connect to the internet Word formation Complete this table, Include all possible forms you can think of, including negative forms. noun (ea Eon discuss 2 responsibility X a oo Synonyms for ‘get’ B Use tes verbs in ther correc form to replace ‘the words in bold (Cancbrimmcencnd aren) 4 [think we should get a satelite dish so that we can get more channels. 2. {'d ike to get ajob in the media and learn more about current affairs. 3, When the journalist got home, she turned on the TV to watch the news. 4 Georgia didn't want to be late forthe interview so she got a tax 5 Mike got annoyed when he was given a low mark for his essay on the media, oa - 5 i ey F A HM tyYou will hear a radio discussion about the media, For questions 1-7, 8 ‘ : Word,powe: Stagtin: Oint. ~ Stanging, Rolo C been recognised in the street * Would you like to go on a show like the one in the photograph? Why did Jenny go on the television programme? to make money to teach people something to learn about other young people ‘+ Do you ever watch reality shows? 3, What worries Tony about reality V2 1A People develop very strong relationships on these programmes The posrammes shouldbe more educational People have to behave in ways that he disapproves of ‘4. What does jenny say about nominating the other housemates? ‘A Iewas afeut because it took place atthe end of the day. 8. The elationships they had developed made i ffct Itmadeitcificut for people at home to take it seriously 5 Tony gives an example of how Big Brother can 1A beused negatively by children B sive children the wrong idea about ea if. get children nto trouble with heirparents, 6 Jenny thinks that these programmes teach young people AA todevelop useful social skis B to protect themselves from strangers. {) Read the question in Exercise C eee er cae Who is onthe radio programme? ‘ 7, What does Ainwove wat? What are they talking about? acer they * Aa complete ban on this kind of programme sem tits crs va 8 aban on these programmes in the ealy evening 0 this extract. Whats non programmes involving young children Jenny's connection to the media? age Fn on oro rere yon enor tow should you do Ustening Part 4 ways ead the questions before Have. your say! 2 Nou Ustensothat you know w to expect sbelore you are going to produce a new realty TV show. b_ Neveread the question Decide what your show is going tobe lke. Think about: a isten so that as where the contestants are going lveSpeaking ® Werd,power—* subtitles « translate pronunciation Starting point ‘What is happening in this photograph? * Do you ever learn anything from TV programmes in English? compete these phrases using ‘agree! or ‘disagree’. Some phrases can take both, + leompletly / totally Ee 2 | wth you up to pn 3 Ihave 4 mata 5 lcouldr't__——_withyou more 6 I'msorryto but 7 Toacertain extent, | with you, but ©) tisten to this extract from Part 3 ofthe interview. ‘What do you think the two candidates, Anne and Rob, are discussing? Which candidate do you think does better? Why? G Discuss these statements. Do you agree or disagree with them? Use the phrases from Exercise A. ‘Watching TV in English a wast of time.” “English has become the language ofthe intemet.” “You can't learn anything from the internet. “Books and magazines are an old-fashioned way of learning English.” ‘Listening to the radio in English is a good way to practise." O) \'dtke you to imagine that your English school is considering what to buy to help students with their English. Here are some of the things that have been suggested. Talk to each other about the advantages and disadvantages of each type of media and then decide which three you would recommend to the owner of the school, oer ad How should you do Speaking Part 3? During the discussion, you should ‘a. lookat the examiner and direct what you say to him/her. look at your partner and direct what you say to him/her. ‘= What are the advantages and each type of media? I" Which three would you recommend to the owner advantages of of the school? What are the best ways to get the news? Is itimportant to keep-up-to date with the news? Do you think young people are influenced by what they see in the media? Do you think we should control what time certain programmes are shown? Would you ever consider a career in the media? How should you do Speaking Part 4? You should always give very short answers because there isn't much time b_ develop your answers, giving examples and reasons, See Speaking database on page 194. (a9ee) 108 Reading 2 Gp _ Word power be online « chat « connect: _Stagting,poinit— ‘= Doyou have a mobile phone? Apart from making calls, what can some mobiles be used for? ‘© What are the different ways we can use computers to communicate? + Doyou have an email address? How often do you send and receive ‘emails? Look a the tte ofthe artcte you are going to read, What do you think the article fs about? Brainstorm ten words or phrases which you would expect to find in the article. Look at sentences F, G and H in Exercise C. For each sentence, think of another sentence that might come immediately before it. You are going to read an article about teenage girls and modern ‘technology. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fils each zap (1-7). There is one extra sentence you do not need to use. ‘A. | know not to chat to strangers, and I know the difference According to a recent study, teenage sirls are aheed of boys in terms of ‘using modem technology. 90% of sir aged twelve to fifteen own a ‘mobile phone (as opposed to only 77% of boys) and 60% of girls uso ‘the internet regularly (compared to approximately 50% of boys). But ‘what are teenage girls using this technology for? Holly Graham is 17-year-old from north London. Holly's been using @ ‘mobile phone, email and instant ‘messaging since the age of eleven. 1 We asked Holly to respond to the survey's findings, and to tell us about her digital lite, “Teenage girls are leading the technological revolution? 2 Given that girls have always spent hhomrs talking on the phone, it's not exactly strange that this hes transferred from the landline to the mobile, and from the mobile to the internet, “Girls love to chat, and dads love to complain about phone bills, so we're always on the lookout for cheap ‘ways of staying in touch with our fiends. 3 Tuse my mobile for sending text messages more than raking calls, as it’s so much cheaper, and the internet makes ‘communication cheaper still. between an online friendship and areal one, ing Part 22 wuld you do Reading 8 ‘Theres no doubtits faster than sendingtext messages, | VN0W 20 otanceefiitel C Itmay bea complete waste oftime, butt does give youa | When you've dec fascinating insight into other people's lve. fitsa gap, eso you can't ole sentenc D_sbasicaly a less dangerous version of achat room. ‘across out the whi E_ More recently, she's developed an addiction to the online ‘community MySpace F Personally, I'm not surprised G Well, you have to respond, don't you? H Technology helps us do tis. ‘eadit anymore. > putaline through the Soyou letter ofthe sentence Won't use it again by mistake.“Other than mobile phones, MSN ‘Messenger is probably the most obvious example of our obsession with technological communication. tan instant messaging service, ‘where, after acding your friends, you can chat to them when you're logged. contothe intomet. 4 How much less dangerous is debatable, because although you're not as easily ‘accessible to people who don't know you, it still provides a brilliant way to subtly avoid doing any real homework. ‘Here's what usually happens. You've just started studying, and a message from a friond pops up on tho seroen. 5 fyou've got a microphone and webcam set-up too — as I heve ~ ‘you can also make video calls with ‘your friends and see what they're ‘wearing, Of course, i's not ideal if ‘you've just got out of bed and haven't done your hair yet! Messenger’ got other cool features too, which allow B Find alt the different means of commi Teenage girls and technology: youto do things like play games with “Of course, our parents are worried other people online. about internet safety, but our generation is starting to understand the dangers that come with technological developments, Learning about web safety is part of the growing-up process these days Cue ue I “Online communities are a more ‘recent development, but they've caught on fst. 've now got the ultimate toonago addiction: MySpace. MySpace isan online community 7 Ane nara Er whore members have theirown web his technology far outweigh the Pages It's 90 addictive that two wooks disadvantages. I don't know what before my exams, I found myself Tein witty BC aid my? spending whole evenings browsing mobile, I suppose I'd have to contact other people’ profiles and reading ny friends the old-fashioned way About thelr taste in music. 6 by landline. Anyway, Fhave to go {In fact,my obsession with ithas got s0 ow — one of my friends has just loft badthatFim seriously thinking of mae a comment on MySpace and I Aleleting my account, but probably oud to reply. just join Facebook, another social networking sito, instead, Find these words and phrases in the text and the missing sentences and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? debatable» subly «features « browsing «insight tion mentioned in the article, {Find words or phrases inthe article which are similar n meaning to these words and phrases. results (paragraph 2) normal telephone (paragraph 3) trying to find (paragraph 4) connected to (paragraph 5) Have, youn say! 5 ableto be reached orcontacted 8 perfect (paragraph 6) (Garagraph s) 9 became popular (paragraph 7) 6 wonderful (paragraph 5) 10 biggest or best (paragraph 7) 7 appears quickly (paragraph 6) Have you ever used any social networking websites like MySpace and Facebook? What do you think of sites like these? 109re) Grammar 2 Ki. Which is correct? a. My dad told me to disconnect from the Internet. b_ My dad told to me to disconnect from the internet, Cisuggest, deny ‘© + noun: Simon suggested this instant messenger software. # +-ing: Marcus denied breaking the typewriter. # +that clause: Simon suggested that should get this instant messenger software Cdaim ‘© that clause: Carol claimed (hat) she was a journalist, but fact she wasn't ‘© full intinitive: Carl claimed to be a joumalst. choose a new mobile phone. (tel, order, command, ask ‘© + someone + full infinitive: / asked Alki 10 help me choase a new mobile phone. ‘See Grammar database 24 on page 187 for ‘more information. ‘The words or phrases in bold are incorrect. Correct them. Damian was in rouble. His parents had received their phone bill, and itwas enormous. There were over a hundred calls to an astrologer. Damian denied to make the calls and claimed not knowing anything about them. He suggested that the phone company making a mistake and refused admitting doing sotmething he hadn't done. His parents didn't believe him, however, ‘and told him go to his room. His parents discussed what to do. They agreed checking with the phone company, so Damian's mum phoned up and asked speak to the manager. It tuned out that there had been a mistake, 50 Damian's parents apologised to Damian for not to believe him and asked him forgiving them. He told to them he was glad it was all sorted out, and he was very relieved that they did't have to pay the bil Use each of these reporting verbs once to rewrite the sentences in reported speech. can ae) 4. ‘Why don't we check the time of the film on the internet? Liam sai 2. “Ihave over a thousand names in my email address book,’ said Nicole 3 ‘No! wor't let you borrow my newspaper!’ Darren said to Jamie. 4 ‘Okay, let you use my computer to check your email’ Rob said tome. 5 ‘No,| didn’t use your mobile phone,’ Anoushka said to Scott. Circle the correct word to complete this sentence. I don't check my email often, despite / however / although | know | should. * Although /Even though I have an instant messenger, | don'tuse itofien. + Inspite of /Despite the fact (that) | have an instant messenger, | don't use itoften. *Inspite of /Despite having an instant messenger, | don’t use it often. + inspite of /Despite the benefits of instant messengers, | preferto use email. ‘have an instant messenger. However, don’t use it often. /Idon'tuse it ofien, however. i don’t use it often, however, because | prefer to use email ‘See Grammar database 25 on page 187 for more information. Complete each sentence starting withthe words given so that it means the same as this sentence from the text on page 108. Online communities are a more recent development, but they've caught on fast. Oniine communities are a more recent development. However, Although .. 3, Despite the fact that... {@) Use the words in bol to connect the sentences. 1 Lote to Mandy months ago. stil havent received a reply. despite Dan warned us not to swim there, We did't ake his advice. although Most webcams are cheap. Some of them are very good cual however 4 Rachel reminded me about the meeting. forgot ogo. even 5 Simon works very long hous, He loves his job on the newspaper. spiteUse of English read the textn Exercise B quickly and decide whether these statements are true of fase 42. Sign language was invented recently, 2 The same sign language Is used all round the world. 3 Sign languages are real languages. 4 It’s impossible to express emotions with sign language. 5. Its easier to lear sign language than other languages. How should you do Use of English Part 2? 2 Don't : whole text aps. rciaaan ete: Read the text belovy and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS, Sign Language Despite the fact () sign language has been used for thousands of years in one form or another, not much is known aboutits history. Today, thousands (2) deaf people around the world use sign language () communicate. However, (4) — are many different sign languages, and a signer 6 Uses Britsh sign language may well not be able to understand a signer from another county. Even (6) some people believe that sign languages are not real languages, linguists who have studied @ say that they are. The only difference is that instead (8) using speech or writing to express meaning, signers use (9) hands. (10) fact, anything that can be expressed through spoken language can also be expressed through sign language. Learning sign language is lke learning any a) language - it (22) time and practice Read the text in Exercise D and decide what part of speech (noun, verb, etc) is required to fil each gap. Ps h English Part 3 Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some of the lines to forma word that fits in the ‘gap in the same line. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Should we believe what we read? When we read a newspaper story about something that’s happened, we usually presume that it’s (i) __ accurate. We tend to believe FACT that the (2) has done his or her research, and that we can relyon REPORT the words written. However, some sections of the media see things rather differently. There is a (3) used in the tabloid newspaper SAY How should you do Use of English Part 3? Remember that adverbs are only used to give information about verbs. bare used to gve a industry in Britain: ‘The (4) doesn't sell newspapers’. For TRUE information about poth tabloids, the aim isto create stories that shock the reader, even ‘verbs and adject iftheyre not true. (5) __ wino work for these papers often feel JOURNAL that thelr (6) isnot so much to present the facts as to produce RESPONSIBLE the most interesting story possible. Can any form of spoken or writen (7) accurately present COMMUNICATE reality? Perhaps not. Producing a text always involves a (8). CHOOSE Which words we use and how we express them reflect our (9) .opinion. indeed, we shouldn't even completely believe what PERSON We see on TV as the selection of images shown or not shown will affect our (10). RESPOND aun‘content «creative writing + in colour «issue poetry «reviews - school news - section Stagting,point. Does your school have a school newspaper, ‘magazine or website? What kind of articles and features should a school newspaper, magazine or website contain? Write these words and phrases in the gay to complete the model report. i Quality « Conclusion « Subject + To « Content Introduction « From + Number of Issues + Date Oy :Mre Webster (2) —— Ben Parker @ School Magazine (4) 2Ath September ©) fhe requested, | have interviewed a number of students and parerts regarding the quality of “Together, the echool magazine. My findings are outlined below ©) Gr the whole, comments about the quality of Together’ were very posite. Readers find fan interesting and informative magazine, However, — als M— ‘The majority of people interviowed would prefer "Tagether' to come out more offen They would rn ar ike emallertoouos per year than on large Iseue at the end of the school year: (6) Aithough most parents enjoy the ‘School News’ saction, many students commented that they would prefer shorter articles and more photographs. Secondly, some student suggested : os x a To oum up, we should conelder bringing out ‘Together’ more often, and mating I colour. We Chould aloo look into having more photographe and a creative writing oection. ——" tle SaB Bead the report again and answer these questions. Underline these words and phrases in the report. Who wrote the report? ‘What do you think they mean? Who do you think Mrs Webster is? As requested - regarding - findings - outlined isthe report formal or informal? Why does the writer use headings? What recommendations does the writer make? In which paragraph are the recommendations made?) Lookatthe final paragraph and find two recommendations which are not mentioned earlier ‘nin the report. Use these points to complete the two unfinished sentences inthe second and fourth ‘main paragraphs ofthe report. Use you own words and an appropriate formal style. 3 : ey 4 3 & 8 PET coer ) Look at the question in Exercise A and use your imagination to answer these questions. 1. What's the name of your editor? 6 What would they lke to see included which is not included at the 2. What's the name of the newspaper? moment? 3. What different features and content are 7 How often does the newspaper come out? currently in the newspaper? 8 Dothey think that is often enough? 4 What do the students like about this 9 Did the students make any other points you want to include in content? the report? 5 What do they dislike about this content? 10 What suggestions and recommendations for improvement will you make? Decide on your paragraph headings and make a paragraph plan. BD ite your report in 120-80 words in an appropriate style. (ocr ure that you have: recommendations used report words and phrases, used formal language Oo Q a a116 ©) Choose the correct word to fil the gap in each sentencs 41. Tom’s been a/an golfer for two years and he's hoping to turn professional soon. Avolunteer Bamateur —Creestyle ‘trainee 2 Sending text from your mobile is a great way to keep in touch with friends. Aletters -Beompositions Cnotes messages 3 |found this great website when | was the internet last night. travelling Bdriving Csurfing riding 4, Journalists are under a lot of pressure to meet... every day. limits Bdeadlines Carriers times 5 Do you think parents should __ their children from spending too much time online? Adeny Brefuse Cadlsqualify — D prevent 6 The __ inthe 1500 metres waited for the starter to fire his gun, competitors B players Cumpires —D runners-up 7. Lord of the Rings was filmed on __ in New Zealand. Aplace Bspot Clocation —_Dregion 8 There was a report in the news that Beckham has joined anew football Aassociation B group Chand Delub 9. Publishing companies are always on the __ for new writers. Alookout —Bwatch view Doutlook 10 One of the star players was during the match. ‘Adamaged jured C spoiled —_D broken x ) Write a word from the box in the correct form to complete each sentence. ‘come « go “be + lend + run break + let Tony suggested to see a football match atthe weekend. The young boy denied the window with his bal. I thought you agreed Victoria your skis, didr't you? The coach told the players around the pitch to warm up. ‘My mum refuses me play basketball on a school night. Could you ask Ashley to training on Friday evening? Ez The man claimed ___an Olympic champion but | didn’t believe him. (©) omptte each sentence usinga form of the word in brackets. 1 We practised hadi (PREPARE forthe big match, 2 Theoniy thing Marks (ENTHUSE) about is chatting online. 3 lfyoucar't behave more (RESPONSIBLE), you'll never be captain of the team. 1 Catesnes very popula and everybody says she's very. (UKE), 5 doit know what (QUALIFY) you need to be a referee. 6 I think they made the wrong (DECIDE) when they took iy favourite show of heal 7 Always respect your. (OPPOSE), whether you're winning or tesing 8 love — (REAL) TV because you get to see ordinary people in interesting situations. ra ©) Write a word from the box in the correct form in each gap to complete the sentences. Atop « give «join « put «bring + log «hang 4 don't believe it was just ta Mary on the phone and she 2 Finally, the pain was too much and had to out of the race. 3 Youneed to remember your password everytime you on, ‘4 Why don't you let your litte brother in your game of football? 5 You'll never become a professional f you up so easily. ‘6 Good morning. Could you... me through tothe Complaints Department, please? 7 When Bill arives, don't up the fact that his team lost yesterday. =1) choose the correct word to complete each sentence. 41. Isthat Zoe's mobile? She cart / must / should have forgotten it when she left. 2 Sally said the score was ten-nil? That shouldn't / mustn't / can’t be right! 3, Ifyour mum left work half an hour ago, then she should / must / can be here soon. 4 Jacklooks happy. He can't / should / must have won at golf 5 Trang Diana but there was no answer. Do you think she should / might / can have gone out? 6 fill mustrt / can’t / shouldn't have known about your party or she wouldn't have arranged hers on the same day. 7. That's not the right web page. You should / must / can have put in the wrong address. 8 Itcant / shouldn't / mightn’t have been easy for you to lose after training so hard, a 1) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do ‘not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 Ifyour performance improves slightly, you'll be ready for the competition. slight If there is performance, you your the competition. fe ready 2 Imcertain you didn’t see Jacob atthe match because he's in Canada, You = ‘match because he's in Canada, ——lacob at the 3. ‘Lam the fastest runner in the class,’ said Martin, be Mar _ the fastest runner in the class. 4 Perhaps we should have the meeting tomorrow instead of tis afternoon, off Perhaps we should = tomorrow. 5 ‘Are you happy with the result?" asked the women's champion. | asked the women's-champion happy with the result. 6 Why do we always argue about the rules every time we play? an Why do we always about the rules everytime we play? 7. ‘No. | won't participate inthe training session at the weekend,” said Carol part Carol refused in the training session at the weekend, 8 The runner in second place is almost at the same point as the leader! cought ‘The runner in second place the leader! 9 Although he's blind, Gareth can run 100 metres in under 11 seconds. spite Gareth can run 100 metres in under 11 seconds, that he's blind. 30 ‘Why don’t we call Erica and ask her if she knows the score? said Jessica. to Jessica suggested _. her ifshe knew the score, kz Total: 60 marks 4sReading 1 @® Dabysiting» badly paid - earn - gain ‘experience + mowing lawns / euting grass Stenting,pointt. + Look atthe pictures. Which of these jobs would you like / not like to do part-time? © What other part-time jobs do teenagers sometimes do? ) Tre artce you are going to ead mentions several diferent jobs. Look through the article quickly to find all the different Jobs mentioned and circle them. Look at the sentences in Exercise C. Undertine al the words and phrases which you think might cefer to things in other sentences inthe text. You are going to read an article giving advice to teenagers about part-time jobs. Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. ‘A. This, however, depends an your having the appropriate qualifications. B_ You might not even be able to ind a job in an area that you enjoy. Indoor house painting is another option. D. Inreturn, you can leaffran amazing amount about the business, E_Tryas many positions as possible and ask lots of questions about cash fiow, staffing, etc F You won't earn any money, but you can gain valuable experience. G Thisis a question which is best answered by doing a market survey. HH There are several things you can doto make yout ch Srother gap 25 Wel services more valuable, How should you do Res Ifyou think tha ccan it in the same S2Ps st cho 2 ee rbotbe marked ht ‘oase the one which cannot fit in ‘Asa teenager, you ae likely to have bath a air arrount of spare time and a desire to earn some ‘money. By woking fo earn money yourself, you ‘can earn lt about the value of things as well _asthe world of business. Typical and obvious jobs ‘or teenage include working ata fast-food restaurant, working a a shop assistant or stacking shelves ata supermarket What you gt out ofajob lie this depends on your attitude. Fyourattude shat this job ‘then obviously you wor't benefit mach from tf Con the other hand, you ook it san opportunity te lear how a business warks from the inside out, ‘then the benefits canbe gteat. Many of the new generation of rilionaites, for example, are ones (of anchse and private restaurants. Owning a restaurant i rot easy, however, and it requires knowledge and sil tobe sucessful so start aatherng these asa teenager. 1 Applying this attitude to any job you have wil realy py off yout learn a huge amount. rading Part 2? 4 two or more sentences ‘ose one of them randomly asFor many teenagers there area variety of problems associated with getting job, Youmay pot be old enough or you may lack reliable transportation You may not hve enough total time available ora regular encugh schedule for someane to bewilingtohireyou 2 Haryof these problems hold true for you then working for yourself on a part-time basis may be the best way to go, Babysitting is ated and tested way for responsible teenagers wh lke being wth ids to make money. 3 For example, think about taking a first-aid course so that you row how to handle emergencies Secondly, you might want to ‘consider tearing up with some lke minded friends. That way your group will be able to say yes more often, increasing the amount of work youre offered. IF babysitting does appeal to you then you might want to consider garden care During the summer you mow lawns rim hedges and soon, n the auturn you ake leaves and in the winter you shovel snow! 4 Before undertaking this, you need to make sure you know what you are doing by working with someone with experience and practising at home (but get your parents’ permission fist}. Other activites include providing in-home pet care when owners are on holiday errand running for busy people; washing cars for reighbours or teaching people how to se computers or the internet (One question you will have as soon as yyuuchoose an activity is How mach should charge?” 5 Youll need +ocall around and ak potential customers what they are used to paying © Finda word or phrase inthe article that has a similar meaning to each of these words or phases gaining, getting (paragraph 2) not have (paragraph 3) deal with (paragraph 4) starting to do (paragraph 5) and/or wiling to pay, or ask your friends hat they charge for similar activities. Inthe case ofan activity like car washing, you could also call garages in your area and ask what they charge “Another way ofglring experience isto offer your services toa small business Although it may not be obvious to you. leery commurity has thousands of small firms which doall sores of things printing, plumbing, computer programming, advertsng, and so on. Many ofthese could realy benefit from a part-time helper who is reliable and mature. 6 Youwillbe surprised at how quickly you become & ‘valued part ofthe team, Volunteer postions are another option You ‘can volunteer your services at hospitals old people’ homes, and most charitable cngaisations or political groups. 7 This will benefit you in the Future, as colleges and universities wil be impressed by any voluntary work yu have done. Find these words and phrases inthe text and undertine them. CCan you work out what they mean from the context? ‘ypical « holds true tried and tested - mature cold people's homes Have youn say! with the same interests (paragraph 4) possible (in the future) (paragraph 6) 47oe Grammar 1 k= In which of these situations is there more than ‘one woman? In which sentence can we replace ‘who’ with ‘that’? ‘a The woman who was offered the job had very good qualifications. bb The woman, who was offered the job, had very good qualifications. Ci defining retative clauses: essential Information ‘¢ donot use commas: The job which I tumed down was very badly paid. ‘that’ can usually replace the relative pronoun: The job that |tumed down was very badly paid, © wecan leave out the relative pronoun ‘completely when its the object of the clause: The job | tured down was very badly paid. C)Non-tefining relative clauses: extra information ‘use commas: "ve worked here for twenty years, whichis avery longtime. © ‘that’ cannot replace the relative pronoun ‘we cannot eave out the relative pronoun ave a wir ater etc) depends on (ate being referred to. plea Srmecuietian! ‘See Grammar database 26 on page 188 for more information, @ ) These phrases appeared in the article on pages 116-117. Without looking back, write in all the possible relative pronouns. Put a dash (—) if the relative pronoun can be left out. Then check your answers by looking back at the article. 4 ..atried and tested way for responsible teenagers like being with kids. 2 There are several things you can do 3. increasing the amount of work youre offered 4, This isa question is best answered by 5 «= these could really benefit rom a part-time helper isreliable... 6 ill be impressed by any voluntary work ‘you have done noun to use (whe | ) B choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence, 21 Myboss isthe Sales Manager, who / which actually spends most of his time abroad, 2 The position of Sales Director, who / whichis very wel paid, has been vacant for several months. 3. Vkhave another interview next week, on which J when they tell me if Tve got the jb or nat 44. There are several reasons why / which we decided not to offer you the position. Thisis the desk where / which | work ‘My new boss, who's / whose name is Alan, seems very nice. ee “7 the office in which | work “7 the office whieh I work in | “rte office where | Work 1 the oice where work \ Write one word in each gap to complete the text. Do not write ‘that’ and do not leave any gaps blank. My first paid job, 2 | got when I was fourteen, was on a Christmas tree farm 2 was run by Mr and Mrs Greenhow, 3 were friends of my parents. People 4 ____ wanted to buy a Christmas, tree would come to the field 5 .__. was working and would tell me 6 tree they wanted, 7 | would then dig up for them and carry down tothe farmhouse, 8 Mrs Greenhow would sort ‘out payment. The job, 9. sounded easy when they offered it to me, was actually extremely hard work as the trees 10. | had to dig up were always the really big ones ~ no-one 11, wants @ real Christmas tree wants a small Christmas tree! That was the time 12 I realised | was better suited to working ian office. Doing that holiday job was the main reason 3 | decided to work hard at school—so | wouldn't have to work on a farm forthe rest of my life!Vocabulary Employment G Make notes and discuss. What's the difference between ... 1 being unemployed and self-employed? 2. permanent job and a temporary job? 3. asalary and a wage? 4 apart-time job and a full-time job? 5 being on commission and getting royalties? 6 setting the sack or being fired and being made redundant? 7 commuting and going on a business trip? 8 doing overtime and being on strike? Phrasal verbs: employment Word formation Complete each sentence using a form of the word in brackets. 1 This company prides itself inthe way it treats its cemPioy 2 mtr Taggart’s personal assis 3. lve spokento the director and shed tke to discuss the idea with you futher. (MANAGE) 4 Iwas factory for over tity yeas. (WORK) 5. Ifyou've gota problem, talkto your (SUPERVISE) Dawn'sa ‘accountant atthe moment. he won't qualify for another two years. (TRAIN) 7, We interviewed overa hundred apewy) for the position, BB choose the correct word to complete the phrasal verbs, 1 Is there an application form to fill in / up or should | just send you a CV? Interviewing,job apy Have / take / make / do The company took up / on over a hundred new members of staff last year. Ithink ve taken off /on more work than | can actually manage ants takes over / up alot of my time. \Whyy don't you put in /up for promotion? You deserve it ‘Their family fim was taken up / over by @ huge multinational corporation. @ Puteach phrase into the corect category: have, take, make or do, Some phrases can go in more than one category. an appointment «an arrangement «2 break + care «certain «a complaot «a day off «a decision «a diference an effect «an effort «an experience - an experiment «a fortune» a holiday + an idea «ajob +a mistake « money GOING TO MAKE A FORTUNE!Listening ©) double-yellow lines» forbidde Word,power arking, Stagting point What's happening in the photograph? Look at the gaps in Exercise B. What kind ‘of information will you have to writ i ‘each gap? You will hear an interview in a radio @ Look at the words and phrases in talis in Exercise D. Think of another way of expressing each word or phrase. eT reteias stening You will hear an interview with a local politician about changes to the traffic system in the city centre. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, Bor Q. 1 Councillor Roberts says the changes will not affect the things that people can do in the city centre. B make things more difficult for people in the city centre C directly affect the main shopping streets in the city centre, 2 Ateleven o'clock in the morning, which ofthese will be allowed on Drake Avenue? emergency vehicles only B emergency vehicles and delivery vans only CCemergency vehicles, delivery vans and buses only 3. Many ofthe drivers in the centre at the moment A drive past the main theatre. Bare driving to the multi-storey car park. Care searching for parking spaces. 4 The plan involves increasing ‘Athe number of double-yellow lines. in 8 the numberof trafic wardens. How should you do C the speed limit near the city centre. Ustening Part 4? 5 Councillor Roberts hopes that Ifyou arent sure ofthe inereasing the fine will, answer toa question, ‘force people to parkin carparks. | KEeD listening. You B make the council lot of money. don't want to miss programme about careers. For questions the answer to the ‘+10, complete the sentences. Elaine works as a She's employed by the Others are employed by their ‘She helps with people's in the town centre. She also sometimes Most of them work On average, they work hours per week. The two qualifications (GCSEs) required are {t's compulsory for beginners to attend an intensive Elaine has to wear a at work. ‘Cenable car parks to charge less. next question, 6 Which ofthese will probably happen | > keep thinking about 1 first? itas you'll probably 2 ‘the building ofthe new car park set itr Bdeveloping the streets inthe centre] °Ventually. 3 ‘employing more people 7. How will the improvements be paid for? AA.Gity residents will face higher Council Tax bills. 5 B The City Council and the government will share the costs. The City Council has saved enough money to pay for everything, Have.youn.say! 2 | Rememttn sae ode asthe | 3 rotabays (eater Would you like to bea traffic warden?Speaking <@ _Stantind point Work (©) ‘Think of as many places as you can where people work. Compare your list with a partner's. 0) istento a candidate talking about two photos in Speaking Part 2. How succesful or unsuccessful the candidate’s answer? Give the candidate a score out of 5 for this part and explain your reasons. EB Look atthe photos in Exercise C and complete the tables in note form. CL Ceres ERO EDI Candidate A, here are two photographs of different Candidate B, here are two photographs of different jobs. 'd like you to compare them and say whichjob workplaces. '¢ like you to compare them and say how ‘you would prefer and why. You only have one minute you would feel about working in these places. You only for this, hhave one minute for this. Which job would you prefer and why? How would you feel about working in these places? Candidate B, do either of these jobs appeal to you? Candidate A, which place would you prefer to work in? @Reading 2 GD _ Werd,power— 9 read the article title and subtitle and took atthe Stanti ing,peint—” What do the jobs in the pictures have in common? What are some ofthe differences between the jobs? information box. Then answer these questions. What instrument does Serafina Steer play? Does she have a fulltime paid job at the moment? Does she work part-time? How do you know? ere cal a You are going to ead an article abouta student who plays the harp. For uestions 17, choose the answer (A,B, Cor D) which you think fis best according to the tex. ‘The phrase ‘in demand’ in line 3 demonstrates Sefa’s busy schedule, popularity. ‘control over her career. ‘experience. ~ onw>e How should you do Reading Part 2 Remember that an option may be trues might not answer the question. As soon as you see an opti ‘according to the text, choose that o the answer. a butit jon that Is true ne as we ona coe ono>e Aeon rt O AT ‘Afew hundred pounds a year ry ey rd ro Seo Cnr Sefa is unlikely to earn as much as she could while she's a student because she has to spend most ofthe day practising, has to pay to use her harp. wants to concentrate on her studies. isn’t committed to working hard. Why will her second year at college be more expensive than her first? because she will have to take more taxis because she will have to pay rent more frequently because she has to buy a bigger car because her accommodation will cost more What does the word ‘that’in line 4o refer to? servicing the instrument buying the harp te family’s assistance all the things Sefa needed to pay for‘The problem is chat playing the harp drains her energy and she isnot paricalanly happy working at the same ting she does in college. ‘Ifyou play background masic at ado for three hous, the ast eng you want to dois go and practise for three hours afterwards says Sefa So, although paying the harp pays ood money, she is likely to be earning less than her fll potential while she remains a student. fortune.’ recorded and sold a demo CD which, with money from a couple of trusts and help froma family friend, made up the +40 £10,000 she needed. But that was just the start, Then you need insurance, ‘wolleys and harp covers. I recently had the harp service, too, That costa Clancy is worried about her youngest chil. 'Sefa will be studying forfour years and, unless some miracle occurs Sefa's studying may contine for some Sea's second year a Trinity College of for either her or us, will be embarking time longer. After this, Thope to doa ‘Musics going to be mote expensive chan ona feslance carer witha student _postraduate couse and stay in hee ist ‘Last term I ved in @ hostel, Joan deb of something inthe region of education as long as posible because ‘which was really cheap and infact Tcould 51 £20,000, a thought which fillsme with Tm not sue how you make fvng out pay allth rent atthe beginning of trm. 52 hore’ She is unable to help more:'We of playing the harp. You can make But now I'm going to bein a house somy are both france. My husband isa 62 good money just doing functions and ‘expenditures obviously going to go up, composer and Lama sage designer 63 weddings, bu it i mind-numbing and T and ll have to find the rent each month’ _with my bestearnng years behind me’ would prefer not to doit” She also wants to buy a cat Tris impossible to do gies without taking taxis, and that ets up the profits. Lwould like 10 save for aca. need rather large one to take the harp! Find these words and phrases in the article and underline them. Can ‘you work out what they mean from the context? “Harps are expensive items. At music school in Manchester she borrowed the school's harp, but nthe sith form realised that she needed her own. So het mother, Clancy, et about fundcasing, Sefa What fils Clancy ‘with horror (lines 53 and 52)? the length of time Sefa will be studying the fact that Sefa willbe a freelance harpist the fact that Sefa has borrowed money the amount of money Sefa will owe eoare What does Clancy say about her own career? She lost income when she became freelance. ‘She used to earn more than she does nov. She used to earn fore than her husband, She hasn't had a good income for a very long time, Sefa would prefer not to just play at ‘functions and. ‘weddings’ (lines 62 and 63) because she wants to stay in fulltime education, does not find them satisfying. is not certain they will make her enough money. ‘wants a job which does not involve playing the harp. ooa> drains «hostel - fundraising « demo + embarking on «mind bing Find words or phrases in the article which have a similar meaning to these words and phrases. social events, 4 self-employed 5 eam enough to survive concerts reduces ea _Haye.youn.say!_ | workasamusiean? ‘Why? / Why not? @Grammar 2 pi irc seneres inte caste Look at this sentence, Who did the actual painting? using these ideas. Use some of the The boss has just had the office repainted. ‘bs inthe Bas teal wish ot come up with your own verbs. Try touse a different verb for each ithe causative = have/get + object + past participle (by/with) C)We usually use the causative to show that someone pays or asks someone else to do something. sentence, ¢ I'm going to get the car repaired by a mechanic. = 'm going to (has mor oma ant za oye photog ‘See Grammar database 27 on page 189 for more information. ‘Sandy had her photograph taken last week. 1 We-ournew furniture tomorrow, jeasant They their house — atthe moment, fines use the causative for unl | 2 They We can also sometimes We range. eg We had Our 3 Emma~not- wedding dress ~unti oe | Gituations which we did not arrange. next month ° ken into last HERS 4 Craig—car—recently. 5 You~ever-bike? Look backat the article on pages 22-423 and find one example of |_-_-© Dan and Margaret -usually— grass. the causative. B Wie a question using the causative for each of these answers. 3 foreach sentence, find the person who probably does the work Example: Have you had your hair cut?a hairdresser Example: Yes, once. Mi t 1. We got all the cats vaccinated last week. he Tes nce. pees: wie ‘was on holiday. It was awful! 2. Timgoing to have my eyes tested tomorrow. iia iL aaa ak Gt STA? 3 Wete having the new cooker installed later today. 44 id you have all the water pipes replaced? 1 No the dentist sad it didn't have to 5 They had all the wedding photos taken bya professional be token out afterall 6 Managers usually ave al thei eters typed for them, 2 Because the floppy disk drive stopped working. 3. Last week. Iwas at the optican's for over an hour! 1 Ourneighbours paid famous architect to design their new house. No, think the builders are gong to Our neighbours 2 famous architect do that next week. 2. Are you going to get a plumber to fit your washing machine? 5. Yes, she's the only person who ‘Are you going to. bya plumber? knows how to cut my hair properly! 3. Someone delivers our newspaper every morning, We every morn 44 Someone cut the tree down for my aa grandparents witha chainsaw. IMy grandparents with a chainsaw. 5 The judge told the guards to release the prisoner immediately. The judge immediately. Complete each second sentence using the causative. ae gia I<=) Use of English ©) auickly read the text in Exercise B and answer this question. What's another way of describing an internet business? ry How should you do Use of En Pana? engtih @ Just think about the meani reanings of the words because this part tests, vocabulary. Think about the meanings of the words but also think about their patterns and structures, Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. Internet Business. Inthe mid to late 2990, thousands of new companies were (3) up with one purpose: to benefit from the explosion of interest in the internet. Large corporations were happy to (2) __ millions in the weirdest website Ideas, confident that they would make a (3) over time. Most of them didn't. Indeed, the vast majority of them have gone (4) -__ , leaving their investors severely out of pocket. So what went wrong? ‘The main mistake that companies (5) ___ was to forget to ask how their dot com company (as internet-based companies are sometimes called) would actually make a (6). It sounds fairly obvious now, but in the rush to ‘get on the net’ the whole concept was (7). There was also a second problem which dot coms did not (8) —_.. Yes, internet traffic was (9) __ enormously, but people stil felt uncomfortable ~ many still do, in fact— about buying products and services online. Even ifthe dot coms had come up with sensible business ideas, it's unlikely they would have brought in enough to cover their (10) investment. + oF course. Some companies have been hugely successful on the intemet. Most, ‘an internet business as they4d thought. There were some (13) however, found it wasn't as easy to (12) 1Aheld —-Bgot_ Cet Diet 7 Aoverseen B unobserved C overlooked D reviewed 2Athow Badd Cpay Dinvest. 8 Ahesitate Banticipate Cregard maintain 3Aprosperity Bwealth Ctreasure fortune 9 Araising Bimproving Cincreasing D extending, GAtuined Bust Cbroken Dsmashed 10 Anovel initial Cauthentic_D innovative sAmade 8. Chad Dtook 1 Aendings B differences Cexclusions D exceptions GAprofit. Bsalary Ccommission Droyalty 12 Arun Brule Cgovern supervise Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Write the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS. 1 The politician is going to pay a writer 4 to write her speeches for her. have ‘The politician is going to her. 2. That woman's father made afortune 5 ‘when he sold his business. is, That. made a fortune when hhe sold his business. 3, They have the grass ut by a sgatdener. get They the grass. The company employed a further twenty people. taken Afurther twenty people company. the It seems to me that that suggestion isn't very sensible. sense That suggestion tome. Penny has decided to get some ‘experience working in a small business. mind Penny __toget some experience working ina small business, How should you do Use of English Part 4? Remember that only / ‘more than one thing is Usually tested in each question. For example, if they'e testing whether you know a phrasal verb, you might / won't also have to tum the sentence from active to Passive, @Writing: letter of application Svagting,point— © Have you ever had a real, paid job? * Ifyes, how did you get the job? Did you apply by writing a letter? Read the letter below and decide these statements ae true a false. ‘The letters informal. ‘The advertisement advertised only one position, ‘Angela mentions where she saw the advert ‘Angela gives some irelevant information about herself. 5 Angela uses indirect questions to ask questions. Dear Mr Fenton, time with regard to your advertisement for part (a aa eertickin The Berd Tints | rcberay. {would like to apply for one of the psi edt \ 2 “ie. answer some questions | rd Comprehensive | tam a seventeen-year-old student at Bedfore Foci \ where Lam curren ing for my. | Sh en th iad sand very hard- | sarki. \ ty Thave assisted have never worked in ashy bef, | ste veteran 30 have experince of serving vaesbomers and dealing with monty. wonder yo cued telco hich days ml be expected db frtanatey, | am only available inthe evenings Lie Tonal ala be grate if D because of ny at weekens lt swish me to attend an interview of provide references, Hease donot estat tet me know. | 1 lok forward to hearing from yom | Yours sincerely, | Angela wathns id words and phrases in the letter which are more formal equivalents of these words and phrases. 1'm writing about want one of the jobs want you to at the moment Tell me you'd want me to work free 9 Ifyou want me to come to 10 to give you 1 let me know at once 12 Im waiting for you to contact me One of Angela's questions i incomplete in the letter Discuss what she might have | wanted to ek and write an appropriate ending to that paragraph. | —Heveysunesi. Why do teenagers usualy want to have jobs?Plamehesd— Le may uc . ea eta ea ere ae reer a ry ay eae ner You must not be a native speaker of English. You must be aged 16-21 and hard-working! Jn return for picking fruit for 6 hours a day, we'll give you *+ a good hourly rate of pay * free accommodation on the farm + 2:hour English tessons 3 hour Eulsh esons every evening (exept Contact: Anne and Dave Prendergast, Holiday Farm, Shawerose HWitteyourlettereFapplication!| How should you write a letter of application? ‘2 Always tell the truth about yourself. The person marking your letter in the exam will know if you"e lying. b Create a character who would be interested in the job and who has the right experience and qualities. See Writing database on page 201 for further information. B Look at the advertisement in Exercise A and answer these {B® Make a paragraph plan. Decide what questions. information you wil include in each 1 Willyour letter start Dear Anne and Dave, / Dear Anne and Dave paragraph. Prendergast, Dear Mr and Mrs Prendergast, ? 2 Think of possible ways to complete this sentences ‘lam writing with Write a letter of application of regard to your advertisement for. between 120 and 380 words in an 3 What will you be doing most ofthe day in this job? appropriate style. Do not write any ‘4 Where will you stay? addresses. 5 What questions will you ask about the information inthe advertisement. Think of atleast two. Pay 6 Which country do you think the Farm isin? letter, make sure that you have 7 Would it be easy to attend an interview? If thats a problem, how couldit be solved? G Create a charactef Use your imagination! Hane applied for the job Your name: given relevant information Ag about yourself asked relevant questions used appropriate formal phrases Nationality: Current accupation: Relevant personal qualities: Previous working experience: Present lavel of English: Country you are currently in:dy: Sy ¥ WS DL ete an CT athe eee Think you're eating healthily? Think again! ‘+ How healthy do you think each ofthese dishes is? ‘+ What are the two diferent meanings of the word ict’? } read the fist paragraph of the article which follows and Stooge trust) or false + ce upon atime eating was simple. You People used to produce food more efficiently, T/F lucked food from tees or hunted tin the 2 Mote people today think they have ahealthy diet. T/F wild You ate when you were hungry and ‘Some people dor't enjoy the food they eat. vWF stopped when you were ful. Now, due to improved efficiency in food production, food ‘comes in boxes and cans, with complicated labels and misleading names. Not surprisingly, the kinds of people who consider themselves healthy caters Find these people inthe article and match each person to ane fact about them. 1 Elaine Turner a He/She cares about the suffering of have multiplied as well. There are vegetarians animals, Who abstain fom animal protein bu eat fw 2 DianaCollins b He/She works in an office. vegetables, and snackers who nibble non-stop 0 3 GosHussain c_He/She is on adiet that is low in fat keep their energy up. The problem is that many + Usathandler: i He/Shelsanemerton diet. ‘people become so obsessed with extremes that You are going to read an article about healthy eating, For questions 1-7, choose the answer (A, B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text ay A. eating food that is full of flavour but How should y methods. B taking an extreme view of what a healthy Part kad what Bs B_ isworse quality than in the diet is text that comes before the word you are given. bread the sentences ‘around the word very carefully to understand the meaning. D_ comes in confusing Packaging. The problem with Diana's diet is that she doesn’t get the energy she needs. forgets to eatin the morning. needs to eat the right kind of fat. is bored by what she eats. one>e 128they no longer appreciate, or enjoy, food forthe good things it provides 16 (inchiding favour). This can lead to ‘poor nutrition, With the help of food and nutrition expert Dr Elaine Turner, ‘we look at three people's diets and offer some easy, practical suggestions to help them get the most out oftheir meals Fist up is Diana Collins, 19, a "university student who wamts to lose weight. ‘Tt might not be very scientific” she says, ‘but Ihave this idea that if don’t want tobe ft, shouldn't eat ft. She's ona low-fat diet and most of what she eats consists of non-fat food like pasta, cereal bars and fat-free crisps Because she never feels ful, she's constantly eating - and consuming far more calories than she needs. Ths diet Is quite old-fashioned,’ says Dr Turner ‘Some fats are beneficial, lke nuts and clive ol. and staples lke pasta cont lots of calories. Diana should add more fat and protein cary in the day. A good breacast of scrambled eggs and mushrooms will mean that she eats ess during the rest ofthe day. She should also use olive oil asa salad dressing” ‘Our second subject is Gos Hussain. Gos {sixteen and has chosen to be a vegetarian because of his concer for animal rights. However, some people aren't so much vegetarians as they are food avoiders. Gos survives on cheese pizza, pata and sweets. We've got nothing against a meatless diet, as]ong as is approached properly, but some vegetarians simply don't eat enough ‘vegetables, not to mention fruit and protein,’ Dr Turner says. She advises {Gos ofl i plate with food in a variety of colour, a quick and simple way to ensure that you get your daily requiternent of important vitamins and other healthy substances. ’Gosis tll growing so what he eas even more Important. He should go for toppings like spinach and peppers rather than chicese alone, and cut down on the amount of cheese generally” Finally, there's the snacker, Lisa ‘Chandler, Lisa is eighteen and works asa secretary, She likes to think that she has fairly healthy diet and always they pick all day at nominally healthy food like raisins or reduced-fat biscuits and end up eating tice as much 2 they should. Lisa might be sim now, ‘but al those mini-meals wil eventually add pounds without boosting energy levels. ‘Te pilosophy behind snacking is that you eat several small meals instead of thre big ones’ Turner says, tutit doesn't mean that you can just cat throughout the day. Lisa need avoid having snacks by her computer here shel be tempted to use them to relieve boredom or stress. Stash your goods in the cupboard o ergerator where they belong and remember that yoghurt with beries or aple wedges with peanut butter make good snacks There's really nothing beter than 2 sensible, well-balanced diet that gives your body exactly what it neds has quite small meals. "Tm lucky in that [ever seem to put any weight on no matter what I et, but I want to look after my body because [know that it's the only one I've got’ Dr Turner agrees that long-term health i important, but what some people don't realise is that According to Dr Turner, vegetarians should eat less fruit than they do. often lack protein in their diet. need to have meat in thelr diet. ‘ get no nutrition from what they eat, What does DrTumer suggest Gos do? eat a broader range of food try to avoid eating pizza cat larger portions of food stop eating cheese onw> Dr Turner believes that Lisa's diet willlead to her gaining weight. having more energy. developing health problems. spending more money on food. Dr Turner says that Lisa shouldn't spend so much time at her computer. feel under pressure to eat healthily. keep food near where she works. wait so long between meals. Find these words and phrases inthe text and undertine them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? pluck + misleading + multiplied abstain + animal rights Jong-term + tempted © Find words or phrases in paragraphs 4, 2.and 4 which are similar i 41 people who don't eat meat eat something in small bites 3. the science which studies how healthy food is hhaving a good result attractively thin Have youn say! ‘Would you say that you haves heathy det? ‘What could you do to improve your diet? 129Grammar 1 CT rd Isthis sentence about the present or the past? If had known about nutrition, | would have eaten more fruit Third conditional ‘© hypothetical (unread past ‘f+ past perfect + modal + have + past participle Ifyou had been careful, you wouldn't have hurt yourself. You weren't careful so you hurt yourself) Mixed conditional ‘© hypothetical (unreal) past condition, present result, ‘© ifs past perfect + modal + present If had eaten more meat asa child, | would be taller now. ‘© hypothetical (unreal) present condition, past result + if past (simple or continuous) + modal + have + past participle (you were ter, you might have won the ace. Inverted conditonals ‘We can use inversions (question word order) to make formal conditional sentences, instead of using if. Were in your poston, | would change my doctor. © Had you been more careful, you wouldn't have hurt yourself ‘See Grammar database 28 on page 189 for more information. Choose the corect word or phrase to complete these sentences. 1 IFpeoplehad known about —3__If you had known about the nutrition in the past, they health risks, ‘so many health smoking? problems. a would you start @ might not have had did you not start b_ mayhave had would you have started © would not have d_ could you not start d_ could have ~ 2 Youmighthave been allright 4 1 a broken legif ifyou adoctor had been more careful. sooner. @ wouldn't have a didn't see b didn't have b had seen © couldn't have had © would see d_ might have had d saw G Rewrite these sentences beginning with the words given. 4 I didn’t get any aspirin because | didn't have enough money on me, i 2 Icaughta cold because I went outin the rain I 3 Thedoctor gave me a prescription because | needed some medicine. ne 4 | wasil ast Friday so | couldn't go to school Heould 5. You feel sick now because you ate so much junk food yesterday. Ifyou 6 You ddr't take your medicine and that's wy you didn't get better. Ifyou 7 They didnot apply for permission in time so the town council did not allow them to open the new gym. Had G compete these sentences in an appropiate way 1 tfpeople had known about bacteria hundreds of years ago, 2 youhad told me you were il 3. 1 hade't taken the pits my mum gave me, 41% know pasta was so high in caloties, 5. had eaten that fith icecream, & itmy parents hadrt taught me about healthy eating, 7° Had people known smoking was bad for them, Mate four sentences about you and your health using efferent conditional forms.Vocabulary Health {0} Use the words inthe box to compete these sentences 1. | felta little nervous as I went into the doctor's » but she was actually realy friendly. 2 Wash your hands to get rid of before you start cooking. 3. The doctor gave me a/an for some cough medicine. 4 The pills the doctor gave me aren't working so rm thinking of trying ‘medicine, tke acupuncture. 55. The waiting-room at the health — was full of people with flu! 6 Everyone should know some.__incase of an emergency. 7 Igotan eye ‘and had to go and see the doctor. 8 The doctor told me to take one __ three times a day after meals. 9) We need to do much more in this city to help = people travel around, 10 | g0 to the doctor every six months for a/an just so that l know that 'm healthy. J curgery =a doctors office | ‘Cisurgery = medical treatment involving an operation or | Phrasal verbs: health GD Exehofthese phrasal verbs todo with heath sin the wrong sentence, Rewrite each sentence using the ‘correct phrasal verb in the right form. 1 Lots of students haye passed out fi over the ast couple of weeks 2 ttwassohot that thought was going to come down with until the teacher opened a window. 3. John banged his head and was unconscious for a few minutes before he broke out 4 Serious diseases often get over developing work. 5 When Lisa was in hospital, took her some sweets to try and come her to. 6 Ietook my grandma a long time to cheer up pneumonia. countries in the Word formation {G Find nouns that can be formed from these words Word patterns {B choose the corect word or phrase to complete each sentence, 1 Mymum made me take / to take the medicine but itwas horrible! 2 The doctor advised me taking / to take more exercise. 3. Idorrt think there's any point in telling /to tell ‘Scott to eat less junk food. 4 Idon’t always feel like eating / to eat healthy food. 5 You can't force people stopping / to stop smoking but you can encourage them, 6 It's not worth worrying / to worry about your health. ust enjoy yourself! 7, You are bound catching / to catch a cold if you go ‘out in this weather without your coat. 8 Another burger? It's not like you eating / to eat so ‘much junk food.132 Listening ©) Stagting,point— ‘+ Why might you phone a health clinic or doctor’ surgery? 9 Foreach question in Exercise 8, discuss what the situation How shoulé listen might be. Predict what you might hear each person say. bi Crees os a Read all the ques ‘so that you Know! vtread the questi » Palen sothat you can Kee? you do Listening Part 22 tions before you listen what to expect jons before you ‘an open You will hear people talking in eight different situations. You will hear five people talking about t person says. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter w! You hear someone 3 You hear this 5 Youhear this woman 7 talking on the conversation ina talking toa friend on a phone, Who isshe supermarket. What bus. What isthe talking to? does the woman say woman's problem? a doctor the man needs? A One of hercolleaguesis. A receptionist Amore exercise off work. aan 8 more vitamins B Shekeepstakingdays 8 € more information off work You hearaman She doesn't get on with talkingtohis 4 Youhearapatientina her doctor. doctor, What isthe doctor's surgery talking doctor's advice? _—tothereceptionist. 6 Youhear this extract een ielagtee Who does the woman froma radio programme. cream want to make an What isthe caller's Changewashing __=PPbintment for? question about? ine A herself A losing weight Start taking tablets 8 her husband 8. stopping smoking © herson € alternative medicine People need to be educated about healthy eating, Speakers Good health care is tg0 expensive for many people. Many people are confused by health Speaker 2 advice. People consider their health more now than in the past. Speaker 3 It's @ good idea to know your doctor wel. Health risks have changed over the y _Haye.youn.sey! Speaker 4 ears. Speakers iG ns 2-5, choose from the list (A-F) what each you do not need to use. For questions 18, choose the best answer (A,B or C).. You hear a girl talking about a TV programme. What does she say about the programme? ‘The advice it gave was wrong. The advice it gave seemed unnecessary. She couldn't understand the advice, Youhear this recorded message vnen you ring your doctor. Why isthe surgery closed? The doctorisil Iisa public holiday. ‘The doctor is on holiday. How should you do Listening Part 3? Use a pencil to point to the speaker you are listening to so that you don't get confused. Don't worry about remembering which speaker you are listening to because there are only five of them.graphics - have an impact slogan «war of the dangers Stagting,poin' ‘© Imagine you had to design an anti-smoking poster aimed at teenagers. What would your poster be like? {istento this extract rom two candidates doing Exercise € Make a note of any questions they ask each other. ~ How might each ofthese things affect teenagers’ health? + Which picture would you choose forthe cover of the book? {Dead what you have todo in Exercise Cand choose true or false. 1 You have to decide what should go in the book. T/F 2 You have to talk about how healthy your lifes. T/F 3 You have to decide on one picture for the cover. T/F Fike you to imagine that a book is going to be published about teenagers and the health risks they face. Talk to each other about howr you think each of these things might affect teenagers’ health and then decide which picture you would choose for the cover of the book. vow should you do Speaking Part 3: now and ‘cru yar questo raw 28 ; again to keep | the conversation &* b arrer ask questions because mats Me examiner's ob How sould you do Speaking Panta? 2 Partais ana 4 nays onthe same thome as por scan reruns as relevant. ee ‘Would you say you generally live a healthy life? Do you think teenagers know enough about healthy living? What advice would you give someone who wanted to x Part is atways on a di improve their diet? part amays ona in the i fferent theme from 50 whatever you discussed earlier Do people worry too much about their health these days? interview will be irrelevant. inretevan ‘Are we healthier than people were fifty years ago? See Speaking database on page 194. 133136 Reading 2 @® __Word,power— GP + surgeon « specialist « ward _Stagting, point What different kinds of doctor can you think of? * What do you think the daily routine of a doctor like? tookat the tite othe article that follows. What do you think the text might be about? ©) Read the fist two paragraphs ofthe article and answer these questions. 1 Who are Abigail and Gillan Doyle? 2 What scheme were they involved in? 3, Whatisthe goal ofthe scheme? You are going to read an article about an unusual scheme, Seven sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences AH the one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. ‘A. She says that one thing that surprised her was. the amount of medical knowledge most peaple have. B_ Even so, Abigalls also very aware of the plus side, You can never predict exactly what cases are going to come up, although the appointment system means that Dr Doyle has some idea of what to expect. Abigail had her doubts at first, and she wasn't sure how she would react to the sight of blood E_ It’s important for a doctor like Gillian to keep up. with developments in medicine by reading. medical journals. F Her mother’s duties include visiting patients on the wards and checking on their progress. G The aim is to better equip teenagers to make decisions about their own futures H_Lexplained to the patients why Abigail was there and they al thought it was a really good idea. How should you a Neyer choose unless itis talk same thing 25 tb Remember thi filla gap may something relat before, even if exactly the same thing: Abigail Doyle spent last Wednesday ‘examining patients, taking temperatures and looking at X-rays. Not unusual, perhaps, for a doctor, but itis unusual when you are just thirteen years old, Abigail and her mother, Dr Gillian Doyle, were ‘taking part in Take Your Child To Work Day’, a scheme designed to give children an idea of the Jobs their parents do. 1 The scheme was first suggested by the local council after the success of similar schemes in America. Dr Doyle thinks its very useful. T don't mind ‘what Abigail does as a profession, but atleast she can base her decisions on experience. She gat to see alot of my day-to-day work, with patients coming in with everything from a sprained ankle fora sore thioat to a fractured arm, 2 ‘ ‘The positive response helped Abigail feel more comfortable in a strarge situation. ‘Tt was fascinating,’ says Abigail. Td been to the surgery before, of cousse, to meet Mum after school, but Pd never been there and met patients.’ 3 In the end, it all went ‘do Reading Part 2? ence til 2 fingabouteacy he ne sentence Def. ane cmec sete eralking about ted tote sentence ie taking au‘smoothly, although she's still not entirely comfortable with injections. ‘The surgery is open to patients from nine in the morning and a steady stream of them comes through the doors until they close at one. 4 ‘T's a job with a great deal of variety? says Gillian, ‘and I think Abigail liked that. There certainly isn't much time to get bored!" ‘The work at the suxgery is only half cof Dr Doyle's day. The other half is spent at a local hospital and Abigail accompanied her there, too. 5 Abigail found this the most interesting aspect of the day. "The surgery is quite a calm place, On the question of whether it has infection and he was ina lot of ‘but Ithought the hospital was full of encouraged her to become a doctor pain. While Mum got the details activity. I could see how Mum must _Nerself, Abigail is undecided. from his parents, I played with him get a lot of satisfaction from seeing requires alot of commitment. The and helped to calm him down. I felt the improvement in the people she's training is quite long and the work ike Iwas doing my bit and after ‘wating. is really demanding. At the end of Mum had treated him he left with a the day, I was shattered!" 7 big grin on his fae. It's a special As part of the scheme, Abigail is "There was one little boy who came feeling tobe able to do something creating a school project out of what into the surgery with an ear like that, sheleamed. 6 She also found that it was hard to remain uninvolved. "You have to care, she says, "but atte same time it's veda cain ae ea Find these words and phrases in the article and undertine them. Can possible fo cae too mach: I.00 ‘you work out what they mean from the context? always easy to keep your emotions ‘out of the work, and I see that with taking temperatures» scheme «fascinating - aspeet + commitment Mum sometines: user ony bse D complete these sentences using words and phrases from thetextandthe _L1eve.your.say! removed sentences, a The. showed that John had broken his eg in two places. ‘would younka tecirpamenaea 2. You haven't broken anything but you've gota ist. Tytorestit. similar to this one? 3 Myeyes were from studying so much, That cart be heathy 4 The doctor sid my leg was —____s01 had to go to hospital, 5 Althe —____ in the new hospital have a view of the harbour, so patients ‘can watch the boats cor gin. 6 Anurse’sjob can be quite ‘and you often have to work very long hours.Grammar 2 Ee is sentence without ‘to'? ‘When we want to talk about someone's purpose, we can use the full infinitive: ‘+ went fo the surgery to see the doctor. How could you rewrite The doctor gave a prescription tome, (2 Some verbs can be followed by both a direct and an indirect object (usually a person). We can also use: + The nurse showed me (indirect object) the X-rays C1 inorder + fll infinitive (Girect object). '* The doctor got out her stethoscope in conde to listen tomy chest (Cl when the indirect object comes ast, we usualy use a preposition often for orto). (Cs0as + full infinitive + She handed some tablets to me + Many people exercise soas to stayin 7] When these verbs ate used inthe passive the subject oe of the sentence is usually the indirect object of the With a negative purpose or with stative active sentence and not the direct object. verbs, we don’t normally use the infinitive + Themurse handed me some tablets. alone. © was handed some tablets by the nurse. ¥ | take vitamin tablets in order / so as not iogeti. ‘See Grammar database 29 on page 190 for more z X- Itake vitamin tablets not to get ill information, See Grammar database 30 on page 190 for more information. Rewrite these sentences putting the indirect objects earlier in the sentence where possible. fit is not possible, put a tick, Complete these sentences in an appropriate 1 My mum made an appointment a the doctor's for my dad way using the word given, 2 The doctor wrote a prescription for me for some cough DSc 46 a Vthoecope ecw medicine. Doctors take X-rays as You should wash your hands regularly not Eat more vegetables order work out twice a week to 2 3 Could you suggest a healthy diet to me? ; 4 5 6 Puta plaster on your cut order 7 8 9 4 Myuncle sent a book about teenagers and health to my sister. 5 Why don't! lend my exercise bike to you? 6 Ourteacher explained the food pyramid to us. 7 Would you mind passing the toothpaste to me? 8 [i like you to describe the symptoms tome. You should brush your teeth every day __ as Hang the clinic in Id ike to become a doctor as 10 Cover your mouth when you sneeze __ not Bi Putthese words nthe corect order to make sentences, 1 in €2o0my cast fees over doctor it parents i . 2 permission thelr refuse vegetarian become parents children somete Some 3. tving what et healthy you ead says about me tet 4- me my sore throat for mum my honey made lemon a glass of and My, 5, hv apn you doctor to some the ask AskUse of English ©) Read the text in Exercise B, ignoring the gaps, and answer these questions, 4 Which tastes are mentioned that we normally enjoy? 2 What do we get from the sugar in our diets? 3. Which tastes warn us of food that may be bad for us? [naa ona Leena Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. TASTE We take it) _______ granted that when we put something in our mouths, we taste it. But why should our bodies be able to detect chemicals inthis way? n order (2) answer that question, we need to consider two things: the dietary requirements (3) ‘our bodies and the risks associated w eating. ur bodies need certain substances (5) a regular basis including vitamins, J. “You Co carbohydrates and salt. The flavour of food, (6). as fru, gives us important Pe information (7) the nutrients it contains. Sweet tastes mean sugar, which @ Always complete (8) ______ turn means high energy levels. Salty tastes indicate the presence of other the gaps in the chemicals we need besides sugar. Because we find these tastes pleasurable, we tend to order they appear eat food that (6) high in these substances. inthe text. b Complete the Bitter and sour tastes, on the other hand, usually act (10) _______ nature's warning eee east devices, When something is poisonous, it usually has a bitter favour, a taste epee ce. Also, as food (12) ___offit tends to develop a py the sour taste. This means that we are able to avoid food that could cause health problems. GB AWickty ead the text in Exercise D. Which part ofthe body do auricular therapists focus on? Recs Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals atthe end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Auricular Therapy How should you doUse If'you've had an (a)... reaction to something, and don't know ALLERGY of English Part 37, what itis, orf you suspect you've got some kind of (2) or me youre not sure G) —., auriculartherapists claim to be able to help. Auricular INFECT whether, for example, api aaaboR Cec sivoar ci al cee Geto Geran tone? our general level of health and (4). Aureula theraplsts ar is‘recoverment, examine patients’ ears with a special piece of (5) __ for signs of EQUIP ‘Tecovery’, or “Tecoverness’, stress and pain in different parts of the body. The idea is that, ‘once the cause of the stress or pain has been identified, (6) is. TREAT more likely to be (7). There are a number of recorded cases SUCCESS: @ always choose the ‘one with the most of patients making a full (@) —— after being treated with auricular RECOVER: ee therapy. However, cities claim itis not based on any proven think about how the () principles and point out that to consult an auricular SCIENCE, bie look and therapist rather than a qualified doctor may actually be (io). DANGER 137@ Writ _. Mite your story forthe compett 9999 9999999999992922222922 Writing: story @®> Stagting,point.” Seating, Rome — ‘© How often do you read stories or novels? + Whatcan youlear fom reedng stories in English? 9 took at this writing task and the model answer, erm There are sixextra words inthe storythat shouldn't be there. Cross them out. You have deci cided to er competion i ® enter a short story competi your story must begin wit ae ‘say that With these words: Jeff couldn’ A couldn't have got il ona worse day So pana ty a scouldn’t have got illon a worse day. He had been looking He Beep yok and ns al ove fie, ‘there were red spots! Fis brother noticed them and said, smiling, ‘Oh, bad luck!” —_—_ calle hs mum, who came raring. Oh Jef she sad ste oneor 1 Ji cat drssed. Were ying sah to the ders Whew Eh tno oie saaicca to ‘hy go thre to the sarge the witng rom vn fll v. G complete the second paras ond paragraph by writing a short description of went in to see the doctor when their turn came and sat ve waiting room when Jeff and doen, What si Doctor? thought that perhaps it aa is mum ative. soya offs mum. Both ofand hs mum couldnt believe in lng ing! © What woutd be a good ttle for this story? thik someon’ beemplaying «pracicaljok,laghed the 2 Anoatbrenkofaisaaas doctor. He took a towel and wp ed avy Jeffs face and the spots > WNUSROERIgIFFICK peared relied tal the sos ha been drs with a Fel ita pe dyother must have done it while fff was < The doctor's advice being asleep nk it ging to be a great schoo partyteaghtseffon te ty home, asf planned ons revengeHow should you write a story? ¥ @ Spend more time on the be sty enemies he ae tohave a balanced story with G beginni 8, middle and end. ae i See wting ‘infomation e250" Pee 203 for further B Look atthe writing task Exercise Aand answer these questions using your Imagination. 1 Why ight having tothache be good? 2 What had Emma been planning odo before she got toothache? 3. What does she do instead? 4 What happens in the end? 5. How does Emma feelat the end ofthe story? Write one or two sentences that summarise the plot of your story. Compare your plot with a partner's and ask each other questions about your stories. ©) Make a paragraph pan, Make sure you havea good balance between the begining, the mle and the end of yourstory. rite your story in 12080 word in an appropriate style. A ie on oa used direct speech where appropriate written a story of the right length used interesting adjectives and adverbs checked your spelling and grammar . oO oO oO Oo Oomele aah was ©) choose the corect word to fill each gap. 1) Complete the second sentence so that, ithas a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do While | was looking for another job after | had been made (1) decided to do some (2) ___ work or a charity. | didn't (5) any. not change the word given. You must ‘money, of course, bu gained some valuable skills and it helped me use between two and five words, pass the time. Also, it was useful tobe able to say in aj interview: including the word given. “Yes, lam (4) atthe moment, but am spending my time in a ai. Sey hone hts weeks your deity constructive way’ infect the other children at School 2 Afultime Btemporary Credundant permanent ia) 2 Aamateur _Bvoluntary Cunprofessional Drecreational ‘Sta at home this week 3. Again Bwin Cad Dea ‘other children at school 4 Aselfemployed Bsacked —Crired D unemployed Sitting inthe waiting room of the doctor's () _,Gary couldn't wait The nurse sald she would take my forhis GPto see him. He felt so proud. Athis previous (6) __, six {temperature in afew minutes, months previously, the doctor had told Gary that he was seriously have ‘overweight. Since then, Gary had (7) __on a strict diet. He felt sure tam going —___ the doctor would be impressed by how (8) __ and healthy he looked. ina few minutes, 5 Asurgery — Bward C theatre Doffice , Lin ated by that doctor 6 Acheckout Beheckin checkup _—Decheckpoint_—-?-‘M#SEY was Heated by tha 7 Ahad Btaken Cgone Dcome 8 Aplump ——Bslim C chubby Dobese ~ ‘Andrew Carter got his firs ob running (9) fora small, local business - when he was fifteen. He was (10) ___ to a managerial 4 Could you see if the woman with her | (G3) ___ in his early twenties, and then left to set up his own fast-food leg in plaster needs any help? business, called Carter's. It’s run as a (12) ___, so other people pay him whose to open restaurants with his name on! Could you ee ithe woman oe in plaster 9 Aerrands ——Btasks Chores Djobs needs any help? " 10 Aenlarged Bimproved Cincreased D promoted 11 Aspot B location Cposition Dplace 5 | don’t want to do anything energetic. 12 Afi Brranchise Company partnership feat, Ido - Although this type of flu (13) __ out over two years ago, scientists are still unsure how it is best (14). (5) __ who have been given anything energetic. antibiotics appear to (16) ____ after two or three weeks, but it is unclear whether the antibiotics are effective at preventing the disease from 6 Fiona isn’t usually rude to customers. ane ma ue sa Acacked smashed Ceased-—_—Dbroke —— fudeta tw Aoperted —Biaed Chesed Diente ‘SAcustone's BPatents Cues ents Arco Bend Crestoe repair z= 1407 The dietician suggested to Caroline that she shouldn't eat so much red meat. advised The dietician red meat. so much 8 Timwas sacked because he was continually late for work. i Timwould Co been continually late for work. he hadn't 9 Why didn't you ask to see a back specialist? would ft were you, | back specialist. toseea 10 You shouldn't apply fora job if you haven't got the right skills. point There haven't got the right skills ri aa 1) Complete each sentence using a form of the word inbbrackets. for ajob ifyou 1 How many ____ (APPLY) were there for the job? 2. Isabelle works as a (SURGERY) at the local children’s hospital 3 Ithink Im going to need some ___ (ASSIST. with this. Could you help me? 4 IsRania ALLERGY) to cheese? 5 Ihate the thought of having GME, but they never actually hurt. 6 Although I'm physically (ABLE), I don't let that stop me from living a fll life. 7 You'llstart as a____(TRAIN), and aftera couple of years, you'll be fully qualified. Grandpa has to go ifito hospital for a minor (OPERATE) next week. zz 1) Wate a form of one ofthe verbs have, take, make or do ineach gap. 1. Are you going to part in the fun run to raise ‘money for cancer research? Me up my mind. m going to be an actor! Could you me a favour? 4 We don't have one boss at our company. We itin turns to make managerial decisions. 5 Scientists are a lot of research atthe moment into how we can slow down the ageing process. 6 know it’s afficut having a broken leg, but you just have to the best of the situation. 7 Have you ‘an appointment to see the doctor? 8 care, and get well soon! Lots of love, Mandy. mats (©) Wit a phrasal verb fom the box in the correct frm in each gop. cheer up + come down with «fill in« get over» pass out take om + take over» take up a The firm was corporation. 2. Mr Philips isn’t here today. He's —____ unfortunately. It’s not that serious! 4 Writing prescriptions —_. alot of aGP's time. 5 The business must be doing well—they ____ another twenty employees last year. | 6 Itwas so hot on the bus, and | felt so faint, | was worried | was going to. bya huge multinational flu, 7 Could you just your name and address, and sign at the bottom? 8 hope she her iliness soon. zz Total: 60 marks 161142 Reading 1 Charles Li: a, My education Starting, point + Lookat the photographs. Use words connected iaaithsbenialaemailiibaeisibtnesial have no recollection of ny ist das ether at nursery school, which we clear pimaryschool Tat suggests that they were ‘ot too traumatic at east Inf have few memories of beng ‘lated ip to the age of about Themeravies do hare fram hat many relate tothe playground break time: asking ina [77 Garson she wanted obey glenda fling of the climbing frame ard besking ry ams Whi Wa evr my fiter ho wath Nay ss posted abroad and asset rly preschool Despite thei dicts of beinganay fombore theft tne, biased elec. and {) ead the article quickly ad find words and 1 asa thetopofy fom mest sects Tishadlsdsaamages phrases which fit into these categories: 1. Get goodLatinrepotat the end of tem ile conscaton forthe reining fon the other bys. as unpopat both because + Subjects ceed academically andbecase dnt excel t spor. © Esc estatletmiens Acthiteen ape scholdeided Iwas bight enough to be verde a scholarship My new school was co-educational and although there You are going to read an article in which a novelist talks about his education. For questions 1-8, choose the answer (A,B, Cor) which you think fits best according to the tex. In the first paragraph, what does the author sayhe It made him feel better about the fact thatthe boys cannot remember atl did ke i, ‘is education before the age often itvaselpfulthat Ras alvays evento him at the B_ being at nursery school or primary school end of term. Sy enige So pleparoup forthe fist tine 4 The writer suggests that, compared to his public D traumatic experiences in his childhood ‘school, his children’s state school doesn’t 2 What does the word “This’ (line 21) refer to? A eeipley feelers ot such iat alee 8 ofr sucha range of academic subjects A being sent toa boysoniy prep sehoa C allow students to take so many exams. having to cope wth being away fom home iy aoe C being the best in the class for most subjects rgantee.so.ninhy pccitional aides. D sitting at the front of the class for most subjects 5, What does the use of the word ‘agonised’ in line 32. sueeest? 3. Whatdoas Chae sayabout'Geting god atin thar the ter delayed thinking about the options A. Itdidn’t make up for the bad treatment he received Bont ie decor ines em cia coetD ae LE eo € tat the water as experiencing seat phyla pain D that twas obvious what decison the wer would B_ The boys would start to be nasty to him as soon as he got his report. eeonw> NV one>> oa po were occasions hen having gil in the class was more ofa distraction than an aid tearing, much prefered being out of an al-boy environment Preparation for O level the equivalent of todays GCSE) began immediately arcived, and the standard of teaching was extrerely high ‘AI, |pased eleven © levels all wth an A grade. However, what relly value bout my education there was the opportunity to take part Insomany extre-curicua activites. It asthe writing workshop, rather than English lessons wich made me corsider becoming writer {also acted in choo! ply, debated in debating competitions used a computer forthe fst time and became interested in photography. Now my chien a at school ~a tat school ~ | wish they had the ‘oppoturites had, Just after my © levels had to make a deciion. My parents were back Inthe UK and gave me a cheice. | could either tay on at public school ‘ormove bak home and g tothe local ith fox college | agonised cove the sume, and came to the conclusion that a change would do me good | decided to go home Ive never regretted that decison thoroughly enjoyed the two-year A leve course English, maths and economics artical the freedom that comes fom nt going to‘ bouding school. Sudden the teaches were just teachers They werert interested in my moral upbringing, as teachers at priate schools are | study cute as hard as should have done ding that two-year period, but some ast minute late-night revision enabled me to get ood enough exam results to doa degree in English Literature at Dosthamn Univesity loved it there. Most of my fellow fist-year undergraduates wee living aay from home fe the fst time an often found it ificult not having thele prents around to help them Because had been to CCharles Li says that teachers at boarding schools are ferent to other teachers because they ‘ive their students much more freedom in the classroom, have a very different view of what morality i. care about more than just teaching their academic subject bring their own children up ina very diferent way. How did the writer differ from the majority of first-year undergraduates at university? He made full use ofthe clubs and societies provided. He had experience-ofnot relying on other people. He laved the freedom of tiving away from home. He didn't find studying for the course difficult. What does Charles Li admit in the final paragraph? that he may be partly responsible for how he was treated at prep school that he should have stayed at public school for longer than he did that schools actually make no difference to how you turn out in the end that he should not have sent his children to the local state school thw should yous ends witha When the question siete tex before / the ans et undeine/Undetine!t Then Coase te ton tthe same wor 3 i Hy Hy BJ boarding schoo. | was quite used tohavng to fend for myset | enjoyed the course, made some fantastic fends and as with public schoo. | tack advantage ofall the clubs and soceties on oft Fauld do tall agin, would | do anything diferent? | certainly rade the right decison regarding going to sitth form college and choosing my A levels and degree course were backat prep schoo, would make mere ofan effort tobe ied Peaps | did show of too ‘much, Theresone thing donot repre, though the decison to send iy children to the local comprehensive school. Boarding schools may provide more opperturtes, but one thing Fve leat is hat family is ‘more important than anything. Even which school you goto. Find these words and phrases inthe article and underline them. Can you work out what they mean from the context? climbing frame «posted abroad - excel « distraction ‘moral upbringing» fend for myself show of {G Find words or phrases in the article which have a similar meaning to these words and phrases. 1 class 2 adocument describing your progress 3 anamount of money a schoo! gives you to study there 4th both boys and gis (for schools) 5, the things a school offers outside the academic timetable 6 the fist qualification you can get from a university 7a person studying at university who hasn't graduated yet Haye, youn.sey! What do you think about boarding schools? fo Reading Part 2? uestion mark, find et looking atthe hat is closest in meaning t0/ ids as the answer in the text 143Grammar 1 xm Look at this sentence. Does the verb in bold referto (@) the past or () the present? Its time you started revising forthe exam. [latter certain phrases, orn certain types of sentence, we use the past simple or past continuous to refer to now, a general situation or the future, ‘© Second conditional: you paid attention in class, you'd have a much better chance of passing the ‘Suppose, Imagine and What if ..? Suppose you saw tomorrow's exam lying on the secretary's desk Would you look at it? ‘would rather + you / he / she / we / they: If rather ‘you didn’t write such long essays, Carolin. ‘Its (high) time: i's high time you took your diving test Polite questions: Did you want to see me now about my report, Mrs MacDonnell? ‘Wish and f only: wish I was betterat geography. Past wishes [For wishes about the past, we use the past perfect: | wish | hadn’t failed the test yesterday. [To express criticism or complaint about an activity now, inthe future or generally, we can use wish + would: | wish you would pay more attention in class. (=| wish you paid [To express hypothetical ability or permission now, inthe future or generally, we can use wish + cou | wish we could sit next to each other in every lesson, (=| wish we were able to.) ‘See Grammar database 33 on page 190 for more information. 9 these sentences were inthe article on pages 142-43. Without looking back, chose the words or phrses that can ileach gap. Be careful! More than one word of phrase might fill the gap. 4. Iwish they __ the opportunities | had. ahad bhave —ceanhave 2. IFl___ do itall again, would | do anything differently? aamableto beould —cwasable to 3. If backat prep school, | would make more of an effort to be liked. awas bwere cam B trasentence 1 correct, put atick (7). IFitis \correct, correct it Imagine you had a photographic memory! It's about time the belt rings. | teally wish we don't have to choose between doing biology and German, Would you rather | don’t use a dictionary so much? only ! was going with you on the school trip next weekend. Put the verbs in brackets in the corect frm to complete the sentences. Hfyou (be) a teacher, how strict would you be? | wish our English teacher tus so much homework all the time! It's high time you ____ (learn) how to tell (not / give) the time. only! (know) the answerto number four! What could it be? wish you (come) on the field trip with us next month. Prather you two (not / sit) next to ‘each other today. wish | (start) studying earlier. The ‘exams tomorrow and I haven't finished the work yet! For each situation, make a sentence beginning with the phrase in bold. Example: You are at school. You want to be at home, Twish I wish 1 was at home or | wish I wasn't at school You've got such a lot of homework to do. If only ‘A friend of yours keeps copying from you in class and you think they should stop. It's time Your teacher is thinking about giving your class. some extra lessons during the holidays. You don’t think it’s a good idea! I rather You're daydreaming about being able to speak English fluently. IF You're suggesting to a friend that they doa ‘computer course. What ifVocabulary Education Put these peopl int two categore earners ‘Teachers’ and = BGO tease someon snes* | nversity degree = oid caine oncone who tas aust egree graduate ~ someone We fora Master’ or PHO is studying | capes \ Bi Make notes and ciscuss. What the dference between a qualification and 2 aceriate? askil? aleence? amex result? adegree? Phrasal verbs: education Complete each sentence using a phrasal verb to do with ‘education in the correct form. You will use one of the phrasal verbs twice. 1. [thought the exam would be really difficult but infact 1 - at 2. Don’t bother using correction fluid. f you make a mistake, just it 3. Shall we quickly that grammar point again, or do you think you understand it now? 4 It’s time you to some serious studying! 5 Ourtutor wants us to____ our thoughts in a 3000: word essay! 6 Ittook me over half an hour to that maths question. 7. tried to take notes during the lecture, but | didn’t manage to ‘everything the lecturer said on paper. 8 IFyoudon't know what a word means, it inthe dictionary. the answer to Word formation @ complet each sentence using form ofthe word in brackets. 1 Ineverdoany before an ex, 2 Ae you going to apply forthe (SCHOLAR)? 3 This school prides itselfon ts (ACADEMY) record. 4, Well needa copy ofall your (CERTIFY). 5 think that watching TV canbe very (EDUCATE). 6 Doyou remember being tote yourshosices? 7 Ifyou fail the exam (TAKE) it in December. 8 fsomeone crt ead and wit, they are (LITERATE). BM ccmcan-aomer | sane aan eDOESNOTHEAN | ee (REVISE) the night, (TEACH how June, you can Collocations: education B Match to make phrases. 4 school a needs 2 special tutor 3. university ¢ byheart 4 assessed d_ fees 5 science e fashion 6 personal instructor 7 learn = campus 8 parot hab 9 driving i essay Use five ofthe phrases fom Exercise Eto complete these sentences. 1 We dont have an exam atthe end ofthis couse, we ust ave to hand ina 5oco-word ° 2 Tove dong experiments nthe at schol 3. Angelateaches students wth . such as eildren wth dylenia or learning acts. 4 Wehadt leam the whole page and then repeat ite tothe teacher the next ay 5. My uncle's ateacherat a boarding school. He saysthe are realy expensive = = ry @146) Listening ©) You will hear people talking in eight different situ 18, choose the best answer (A, B or C). ns. For questions Stagtindg,point— 1 Youhear two university 5 Youheara driving instructor ‘Apart from what they eam at students talking, What do talking toa leaner driver. What sehooL what do children learn they think about their does the instructor want the as they grow up? course? learner driver to do? «© Whatis your best Learning A tis confusing. Ak revise what the road signs mean experience s0 far? B Itisboring B hold the steering wheel © itis relevant differentiy look in the mirror more often 0) Look at question sin Exercise 8. ‘The key words are think’ and about choosing a language 6 You hear two teachers talking, ‘course’. Underline the key school. What was the most ‘What do they agree about? ‘words in the other questions. important reason for her 2. You hear a woman talking ‘A. the bad behaviour of some of the choice? students, ‘A the cost B_ the high level of some of the B the location students, the timetable Now should you do Listening Pare? Don't wo ry ifthere are words or the laziness of some ofthe Phrases on thetane, students krow You are notexpectorn 3. Youhear part ofa radio ieee Interview witha write What > Yay hear father talking about Don't answer the questi es te sey SPO teaching his els, What weshe aide’ understand eveyone! education? chara You'l probably gerne | A. Itwasexpensive See Vsctiturong, pe A howto ridea bike B twas unpleasant, tteveaa C [twas interrupted. howtoread 4 Youheara teenagertalking 8 Youhearawoman describing a about finding some learning experience. What did G Look at the list A-F in Exercise D information. Where did he she learn? and choose one ofthe finllyfind the information? Honesty isthe best pol statements. Tell your partner a NE Se A inamagazine 8 real imaginary short sto Sevnt rae werent Ak By inecieaonary © Love's the most important thing yourpartner to guess which € inanencyclopaedia inthe word. statement you chose. Tae How should you do Listening Part? a Assoon as you thi You will hear five people talking about experiences connected with leaming. For questions 5, choose from the list (A-F) what each speaker says. Use the letiers only once. There is one extra letter ink you which you do not need to use. Cathe answer writeit down and stop tistening cnt the next question- A Iwas overconfident. Speaker: 1 nity thnkyou B Iwas greatly helped by ateacher. Speaker? 2 fenow the answer ee Iwas punished Metering tothe end ust D twas treated differently. to make absolutely 54 E Iwas praised. Speakers 4 F Iwas ashamed. Speaker 5 5Speaking > “Starting,point— © How is being ina class. ferent to receiving individual tuition? {09 Listen to two candidates doing Part 2 of the Speaking paper and answer these questions. 1 Does Angie (the second candidate) answerthe question? «3 Should Angie have been more serious? 2. Is Angie's answer too short? 4 Onthe whole, is Angie's answer successful? {B Lookat the photos in Exercise Cand make notes to complete the tables. Photo | Thisisa picture of .._| _ similarities/dife (iin Candidate A, here are two photographs of people Candidate 8, here are two photographs of different being taught something. Id lke you to compare classrooms. td like you to compare them and say them and say which situation you think makes how you would feel about being in these rooms. leaming easier. You only have one minute for ths. You only have one minute for ths. {Which situation do you think makes Teaming easier?] [How would you feel about being in these rooms? | Candidate B, have you ever been in situations similar Candidate A, which classroom would you prefer to to these? bein? How should you do Speaking Part 2? a Speak at anormal conversational speed. See Speaking database on page 194 Speak as quickly as you can because you have sucha short amount oftime. 347148 Reading 2 @® Word,power ( brain - dyslexic learning difficulty «spelling Stagting,point— ‘© Which of these statements do you agree/ disagree with? Everybody can learn in the same way. Everybody has their own way of learning Look at the people in the photographs. What do you know about them? hould you do Reading Part 3 er that all paragraphs/sections aly. For example, You "pas the answer to five as the answer to only How a Rememt are used equ cannot have ‘K 3s questions, and 8 cone question: rt worry if so b Don'tworry a are the answers to mor others. sors sve parasraph reve questions than Ue CT eras You are going to read an article about famous people with dyslexia, For questions 2-15, choose from the sections (A-F) The sections may be chasen more than ‘once. When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order, Which section or sections mention(s) finding a cure for dyslexia? 1 leaving school? 2 13 having dyslexiaasan adult? 4 5 6 problems talking? 7 8 finding ways to learn? 9 0 being teased? 4" being told that success is impossible? 2 agreeing with other people's. evaluation? 3 experts doubting something? 14 someone not finishing a job they had been asked todo? 15 . | B Pop superstar Cher has had a string of chart-topping hits over the last four decades. At school, however, Cher’s dyslexia led to her getting mainly Cs, Ds and even Fs in her grades. She found reading a major problem. ‘Almost everything Ileamed, I learned by listening. My report card always said that I was not living up to my potential,” said Cher. ‘In the second week of the eleventh, grade, [just quit.’difficult. In an interview before her death, Agatha Christie talked about what it was like being dyslexic. ‘I was always recognized as the “slow one” in the family. It was quite true, and knew it and accepted it. Writing and spelling were always terribly difficult for me. T was an extraordinarily bad speller and have remained so until this day. E Ohten described as the greatest painter of the 20th century Pablo Picasso was dyslexic throughout his life, Barely able to read and write at the age of ten, Picasso was withdrawn from school by his father and placed in the hands of a private tutor. ‘The tutor soon gave up, however, as Picasso refused to learn maths. Dyslexia has made life difficult for a number of F famous people, but it hasn’t stopped them Film star Danny Glover, most famous for starring alongside becoming successful. Shirley Drum finds out more. ‘Mel Gibson in the Lethal Weapon é Movie star Tom Cruise has often talked of his struggles with dyslexia, and how he tried to ‘overcome it while he was growing up. ‘Thad to train myself to focus ‘my attemtion. I became very visual and learned how to create mental, images in order to comprehend what I read,’ he said. Tom Cruise's recent claim that his dyslexia was cured completely using a controversial method has, however, met with some scepticism from scientists and educationalists Find words or phrases in the article which have a similar meaning to these words and phrases, 1 anextremely intelligent person (section A) 2 pausing and stopping while speaking (section A) 3. thinking, thought (section A) 4 teach (section 0) eee series of action movies, recalls, children at school making fun of D him because he was dyslexic I's incredible to think that “Byen as an actor he said, ‘it Agatha Christie, author of took me a long time to realise some of the most popular crime why words and letters got novels of all time, including jumbled in my mind and came ‘Murder on the Orient Express, ‘out differently when I delivered found reading and writing so my lines.” Find these words and phrases inthe article and underline them. Can, you work out what they mean from the context? controversial «scepticism « barely «jumbled Haye. your.say!_ pictures inthe brain (section ©) understand (section ©) remembers (section F) brain (section F)Grammar 2 (EE ee Which two words can be cut out ofthis sentence without changing the meaning? ‘The girl who is taking the testis dyslexic so she's been given an extra half an hour. Present, perfect and past participles can be used as an alternative tothe normal subject + verb + object sentence structure. Present participles end in ing, Past participles usually fend in -ed, although there are many iregular verbs (seen, gone, brought, etc). Perfect participles are formed using having + past participle. (Present participles can be used: ‘after prepositions and conjunctions, such as after, before, when, while, on, despite. After revising for four hours, | took a break. ‘© tomean because. Being a good public ‘speaker, Adrian had no problems getting into the school debating team. (= Because he * totalk about actions happening at the same time. Waiting for the exam to start, Carol went through her revision notes one more time. to replace some relative clauses. The teacher taking your class today is called Mrs Jenkins. (= The teacher who is taking...) Ci Perfect participles can be used: * after prepositions and conjunctions, such as ater, before, when, while, on, despite. After having revised forfour hours, I took a break. + tomean because. Having been a good public speaker at school, Adrian decided to join the university debating team. (= Because he had been / was . + to alk about actions happening in sequence. Having waited fr half an hour forthe exam to start, Carol nervously tured over the pope. (Cast participles can/Sometimes be used: + asan alternative passive form. Bult in 1936, the schoo! buildings are ina bad state of repair. (= The school buildings were built in 1936. They ae in abad state of repait) ‘to replace some relative clauses. teacher called Mrs Jenkins took our class today. (= A teacher whois called ..) ‘See Grammar database 32 on page 191 for more information. {0 These phrases and sentences allcome from the article on pages 148-149. Without looking back, write an appropriate word or phrase in each gap. 1 despite lone of the greatest physicists and thinkers of alltime .. 2 ..only questions after a long period of reflection, Einstein 3, Some of the most popular crime novels of alltime, ‘Murder on the Orient Express, 4 Often as the greatest painter of the 2ath century, Pablo Picasso was ... Each ofthese sentences contains an extra word. F it, 1 The boys who sitting at the back of the class were throwing paper aeroplanes 2. Allofthe pupils were taught by Mr Carton this year passed the exam. 3, Not having studied economics at school, thad a ot of catching up to do when started my potics degree 14 Whos the teacher who taking us for German next year 5. Having been done alot of esearch, found vting the essay quite straightforward. Use a participle to join each pl of sentences. Example: The new git was sting atthe front ofthe class. She was called Karen. The new gt siting atthe fon ofthe cass was called karen 1 opened my bag, realised left my books at sched 2 thas compiled bya team of experts tis widely recognised asthe most uptodate dictionary inthe wort 3) Adrian was handed the exam paper. Adrian realised he was in the wrong exam. 4 had never satin the ving seat before, was tered for the whole of fist diving esson, 5 The people wll mark your papers inthe UK. They reed to be abet ead your RandvngUse of English 9 00k at the gaps in Exercise B, What prt of speech (noun ver, adjective et) seach missing word? Fee RL Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. How should you do Use of English Part 3? Remember that irregular forms are sometimes / never tested in this part, Learning how to learn and think What is the point ofthe (1) system? Although this question EDUCATE may seem (2) at rst sight, i's actually not as stupid asit RIDICULE ‘sounds. The reason it's worth trying to answer's that schools and universities clearly (3) __ academic achievement, passing exams EMPHASIS. and gaining (_) much more than acquiring skills such as QUALIFY raising children or car (5) —_. But why isthis? Why do they MAINTAIN neglect to teach practical skills at school? One answer may be that schools don't exist to help us gain useful (©) about the world. At school, what we're actually learning KNOW is how to learn effectively. The idea is that we can then make use of that (7) later on in life when we come to deal with more ABLE (8) aspects of day-to-day living. PRACTICE However, some people argue that the current system is in fact a (@) because it doesn't actually teach children how to become FAIL good (io) __. Learning how to learn is one thing. Learning THINK hhow to think i quite another. Look at Exercise D. For each second sentence, decide what kind of word (noun, verb, adjective, pronoun, preposition, ete) could come immediately after the word or words given atthe beginning of the sentence. ‘Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Write the rmissing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS, 1 We really should have another parents’ 5 The earthquake led to the school being demolished. result meeting, high The school had to of the earthquake. It ‘another parents’ meeting, 6 Td rather not do my homework now. feet How should you do Use 2 The teacher standing infor Mrs Wiliams | ‘my homework now. was really nice. was of English Part 4? The teacher infor Mrs Willams 7 It was unfair that Hardip was given a HFyou're not sure of vwas really nice more time to finish the test deserve the answer, just write ‘ Hardip given more time to the word in bold in the 3, Revising these topics again isa good idea. finish the test. gap. x0 b Ityoure not sure of Ithink you these topics again. 8 Although she couldn't swim very wel, the answer, look at Sindy decided to go ona lifesaving the word in bold and 4 Why don't you use a dictionary tofind out course. able make a list of ll the what those words mean? up Inspite swim very well, different patterns and Why don't you dictionary? Sindy decided to go onalifesaving collocations itis course. associated with 1517Writing: informal @%& letter/email Stagtind,point— + Ifyou are thinking of doing a shart course ‘somewhere (learning how to type, use a computer, learning a foreign language, etc), what things do you need to consider before you apply? {Gy Read ths letter and answer the questions. 1. Apart from mentioning his idea, what else did Pedro mention in his letter to Diana? 2. What information was mentioned in the advertisement Diana found? 3. What information that they need was not mentioned inthe advertisement? 4. Isthe letter formal or informal? Give examples. Dear Pedro, eat to hear vs alot for yous letter. IF was eat to here Tegel Tse gla yous leds cared dl . isan great ©} Wo parts of Diana’ letter: - s course this SWMMEY 1S A ITE. ° eter are ang a shor Eng COMBE TES Sie essays om We | ieomalee, Ue you again Dein titpe so muuch CAC" TY AT pe. Good to complete them in an appropriate we aa university TF we CON Nesearch ans | style. | Commie Fue actually Aone asiaeal. | Round a cows Me Cat too long, aA Rain ee aces 20S MO ao tHe | Oe outa socae EX Tnat they can helt vs Bua somewhere / and your imagination, write a short ngs welll need Fo Fin -tneve ave safe Hine wera cose ce) rig oe aveyounsey Tek we now iF you wank fom nelring way AA to go now as | Anyway, [Wave the sher- | pope Fo hear Brom you 500% | lithe bests DianaThis is part ofa letter you received recently from a fiend who is also learning English. ns for the. was parte i anc You have seen the advertisement below in a magazine and decide to write to your friend about it. Read the ‘advertisement and the notes you have made, Then, Using all the information, write a letter to your fiend. Give reasons why you should both go to Brighton and suggest what other things you both need to think about. The Danton School of English Re +_ summer courses at all levels + help with accommodation. 9992999 ti teaser toner) \ “pte acme" 5 oa lil a ‘ats? How should you'wtte an informal letter/emait? 2 Leaman informal eter/emait email by heart bet xan and st change afew words ad pines fit the question you are given. ive Remember tat thee snot there nt ust one etter/ema thats appropiate for allqustons sone Youknow what toes of iforma eter/enoiang possbleandieamsome use phases ec See ting database o information. iia et 1D) Read the information in Exercise A carefully and answer these questions. Use your imagination where necessary. 1. What's the name of your friend? 2 Apart from their idea, what did they mention in their letter to you? 3. What will you say about that in your letter? 4 What was your friend's idea? 5 What do you think of the idea? 6 What information have you found? Bi Use the notes in Exercise Ato write two or thee sentences explaining why you think Brighton good place to go to. Then write two or three Sentences mentioning the things you have to think about further {D Moke a paragraph plan, Decide what you wil include n each paragraph. Write your letter in 120-150 words. You must use ‘grammatically correct sentences with accurate spelling and punctuation in a style appropriate for the situation, Do not write any addresses. ‘given reasons why you should both go to. Brighton ‘mentioned the points to think about included any other relevant information started and ended your letter appropriately 153Reading 1 G3 esd paragraph one of the article n which teenager called expresses her opinion about the effects of violence on TV. Note down as many arguments as you can think of that someone could use to disagree with Anita, Discuss these with the class. _Werd,power— Fes sms fain iey 7) Read the rest ofthe article and circle any crimes mentioned. You are going to read an article about crime and violence on television. For questions 1-35, decide which ofthe people express these opinions. Choose from thelist of people (AH) ‘Some of the people may be used more than once. When more _Stentind,point— * Look at the pictures. How do you feel about TV programmes and films tke shou rograrmes and fms tke, than one answers required, these may be given in any order effect onus? peopte A Anita Shae E Greg Dawson 8 Alvin Shar F lz Black TobyBassett —G_Damon Psaropoulos D Deviascha +H Claite Psaropoulos Which person expresses these opinions? Grime on television leads to crime insociety, 1 Politicians havea responsibilty to actin the tight way. 2 We must take care when using statistics 3 Television is more violent because society is more violent. 4 Violence on TV is much worse thanitused tobe. 5 Society has always had the problem oferime. 6 Programmes can dete us from commiting crimes. 78 Weneed toknowhowviolent oursocietyis. 9 rime sa problem in my local area. 0 We should not overreacttonewsofcrimes. 12 The public canbe actively involved in solving crimes 2 Wee Fictional criminals rarely achieve thelr aims. 13 Part 37,4 ¥0U do Reading What is shown on television is not important. 14 senate that when sac Uhaver't been affected by crime and violence on TV. 15 ares ‘oy nage ED wie word fromthe atic in each gap. Your: fegerint and to follow Criminals are people who 1. crimes or, in other words, 2 the ‘Your eyes, law, The police try to 3... criminals. When they do, the criminals are a 4. Ifthey ate officially charged by the police, they are then taken — tosfoes ibooffacbase ‘Arrecent study has shown that there is more crime and violence on our TVs than ever before. ‘Abe Kowalski met with a group of sixth formers at an inner city comprehensive to find out their opinions. ‘Anita Shar, 17,has strong views on the subject. There's ‘no doubt that violence and crime on TV have a negative impact on society’ she says. ‘We've seen over the last fifty years of soa huge rise in TV violence, and a corresponding rise in violence in society. That’ not coincidence. The two are clearly related: ‘Anitas twin brother, Alvin, is not so sure. I must have watched hundreds of bank robberies, murders and other crimes on TV over the years! he says. "That hasrit made ime any more likely to go out and kill someone or rob a bank myself. Its too easy to say there’ a direct link between what we watch and what we do. People have been stealing and kiling since the beginning of time! ‘Toby Bassett, also 17, agrees with Alvin that it may not bea simple case of cause and effect: 'I think maybe Anitas got it the wrong way round. The increase in violence and crime in society is just being reflected in the programmes that are shown. And we have to be very careful, Abe mentioned this study that said there's more crime on TV than ever before, but what form sit in? Is it drama, ors it on the news? Prograrnmes li Crimewatch, where they re-enact real life crimes and get people toring in with information, help to catch Criminals. They're clearly good for society. But if they're being included in the figures then that’s just misleading’ Devi Pascha 16, believes there ite cause fo concer. “Taree that the vast majority of people can watch violent crimes on TY nthout wanting to commit sir “rimes themselves. take eone stage farther though Programmes like that actualy stop some people breaking the law. Whats the message that these programmes ave seni out? That crime does pay. At the end ofthe show the goodies win the criminals get caught and justice Is done. Most of the programmes seth ere tare police dramas. The police always come Gut ontop inthe end” Programmes about crime can definitely be educational says eighteen-year-old Greg Dawson, ‘whether the criminals get punished or not. Take Grange Street, which has been dealing recently with the issue of shoplifting. ‘Yes, we saw two teenagers going into a shop and stealing, some clothes, but we also saw the repercussions ~ their being arrested and being taken to court ~ and the guilt they felt | think that particular show has stopped a lot of teenagers who might have thought about shoplifting from trying i Liz Black, 18, believes we ae focusing onthe wrong problem, TV programmes are an itelevance’ she says ‘Whats more important i what people experience in their daily lives. Round here isnot safe to get your mobile out in public because it might get nicked. We should concentrate on that before we worry about whats on TV: Damon Psaropoulos, 17, agrees that we should not worry about TV drama. "To me; he says, the worst kind of violence we see on TV is on the news, but it’ important ‘that its reported, so we know what our society is lke. What we must not do, though, is see one crime and think that the whole country has become a nation of criminals. Iehasnt! Damon's sister, Claire, aged 16, has the final word. People talk about the messages that crime and violence on TV send out. What about the messages our governments send ‘out? They're telling us all the time that it okay to use violence under certain circumstances — when we go to war, for example, Thats a terrible message to be giving to young people, They should be saying: under no circumstances is it okay to use violence: Dore greeted) ave youn.sey!_Grammar 1 GT Look at this sentence and answer the questions. Never has the crime rate been so low. 1. Isthis sentence grammatically correct? 2 Are the subject and verb in the question form? 3 Isita question? Z. When some negative adverbial words and phrases are placed at the beginning ofa sentence, the subject and the verb ‘invert, This means we use the question, form, even though the sentence is not a question. 1 Negative adverbial words and phrases we can put at the beginning of a sentence include: Hardly, Barely, Scarcely, Never, No sooner, Rarely, Not only, Under no circumstances, At no time, etc Hartly had | opened the door when | realised the flat hhad been burgled! '* Nosooner had the robber left the bank than he was arrested. Rarely do first-time offenders get sent to prison. ‘Not only are criminals punished in prison, but they are also educated. (liversions are usually formal, so they are not usually used in speech unless you are trying to make a dramatic effect. (CiPutting the negative adverb at the beginning of the ‘sentence adds emphasis. See Grammar database 33 on page 191 for more information. ase maatyfBarely/searel when @ aNo sooner. than This sentence wasin the article on page 155 Without ooking back, choose the correct form ofthe subject and ver Under no circumstances tis /isit okay to use violence. B Hasentence is correct, put atick (v).Ifitis incorrect, correct. 1 Under no circumstances are prisoners allowed to carty weapons. Never there has been such a miscarriage of justice. Rarely criminals get away with thei crimes. 4 Hardly had the programme started when people started calling in with information! 5 No sooner the police had appeoled for witnesses than someone came forward. Use these words and phrases to complete the sentences. 1 did the police interview Mrs Watkins. 2. There weren't any fingerprints on the glass, - were there any traces of poison. 3 nti they found the body were the police able to make an arrest. 4 did | realise how bad the conditions in prison actually were. 5 after the tral did the accused finally confess to the crime. @ Fests each sentence beginning with the word or phrase given, 1 Women rely commit violent crimes. rarely 2. Prisoners camot become Members of Parliament under any cumstances. Under no citeumstances 3, The detective did not suspect itchins of having commited the robbery at anytime. Atno time 4 hadnt Lite 5, She had only just een released from prison ven she wasartested fr shopting! Hardly — 6. Davis had only ust bought his Porsche when he was stopped for speeding. No sooner sd how guilty | would feel. BB imagine you area detective. You have been investigating a crime and are now wr your report. Use the notes to complete these Sentences from the report. ‘* Adams entered bank - pulled out gun ‘+ we found getaway car— then realised Adams ‘was the bank robber ‘+ we had no idea — wife helping him plan crimes! ‘© found in flat: a million euros in cash, two milion euros worth of jewellery! ‘+ I've never met such an unrepentant couplet ‘interviewed them eight times ~then they confessed! No sooner. 4 Not only Not until 5 Never Little 6 OnlyafterVocabulary Crime and punishment {) Use a word in each gap to complete the text. aceused «evidence « fraud + innocent judge » jury TRIAL OVER! ‘The (1) ~ at Barkingham Crown Court of Stan Pemberton, 32 collapsed today. Pemberton, who had been charged with (2)___, was cleared of all charges. Following the testimony of an expert ® the 4) dismissed the twelve ‘members ofthe (3) __ and told the (6) he was free to go. Outside the court, Pemberton's (7)... issued a statement, ‘Stan Pemberton has always said he was (8) and that was the o ofthe court. There was no (10) that my client was in any way connected with tis crime. We are glad that this is all over’ he said. oo ott warad on. Phrasal verbs: crime and punishment B} choose the corect word to complete these sentences. 1 The shoplifter was caught making / doing off with over €1000 worth of electrical equipment. 2. Although the driver had been speeding, the police officer let / gave him off with a warning, 3 The bomb blew / went of at half past seven this morning. 4 What made you think you could take / get away with this without bing caught? 5 The burglars broke / made in through a downstairs window. 6 Iwas set / taken up! Someone else made itlook tke 'm guilty! 7. Ifyoulit / beat someone up, you can be charged with physical assaut. Word formation @ compet the table crtoie). jee egy ooh, = accuse theft offence murder law convict Word patterns {BD choose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence. ‘Ate you accusing me of stealing / to steal ? Terry denied to drive driving the getaway car We're charging you for / with murder. ‘She was convicted of attempting / to attempt to pervert the course of justice. 5 Stella refused cooperating / to cooperate withthe police. 6 don't know why you're blaming me to break / for breaking your stereo! fuse = say YOU will not do: something @ { Be ‘aid nat do something ‘Cideny = sav you Okay, Officer! T can’t deny itl I did cross the road without looking!Listening © ERNIE Word,powe You will hear a magistrate answering questions about her 1 . |A_ Each court case has one judge to decide on guilt, Startind,point— B They never have ajury to decide on guit a There ae only three magistrates in each area. + What do you tink the dally life ofa judge istike? 2 What did the magistrate find amusing about a case? + Would youltke tobe a judge? [A that the ‘thieves’ only received a small punishment B. that the ‘thieves’ ran out of petrol so quickly Read through the questions in Exercise B C_ thatthe ‘thieves’ were actually relatives ofthe car owners and next to each one, note down a word or phrase which logically and grammatically could fill the gap. ‘Whats the difference between Crown Court judges and magistrates? How should you do Listening Part 4? A Gown Courtudges must be layers | i youre sure youve wYentocd see chosen the correct ad 8 Magistrates never receive any training.| newer to a question Listening Part 2, C=) Magistrates have an assistant tohelp | after hearing the them. recording once, You will ear a lecture given by ajudge. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences, ‘a. use the second time 4 What does the magistrate thinkabout | * Wee Tse to check You will need to write a word or short ee See Pee Ore. that you've got it Reseach OL AA itcan often teach them something right. ei b don't bother Magistrates handle less serious crimes and Bt should always be the final option. checking you've 60% are local 1 © She's doesn't thinkit does any good atall.| right when you AfAn 2 gives the 5 What does the magistrate suggest peer etee y magistrates legal advice. about newspapers? often attends the panel as well ” What does the magistrate say about the legal system? ‘There have been too many changes made to it recently. Major changes need to be made to it as soon as possible. Although itis not perfect, it actually works quite well. Kathleen mentions 6 as an example of a minor offence. eee, ‘A. They never present statistics, neil eta a B They show us that crime is actualy falling, re dealt with by the Youth Court. eee They present a false picture of how much crime there is. Tie petenel Orders forcesericants a8, 6 Why has the magistrate ‘never been busier’? —— eee A because the police are now better at catching criminals, Because the number of violent crimes has not decreased The 5 of the crime because more crimes are reported tothe police than before. 7 A B iG The date forthe trials arranged ifthe defendant pleads 7 How should you do The least severe punishmentis usually} stenins Por >> _Have youn.say!_ 8 a you think there are een a to prison as a/an 39] putboth ofthem,” ‘The Youth Court is not always > you think there are 10 inits aims. Dvpaiierent possible answers, lust put one of them,Speaking > Wond,power Startind point ‘© What can people do to try to prevent crimes happening to them? Read the task for Exercise Cand lok atthe pictures. For each picture, make notes on) the crime prevention idea shown in the picture and (2) why that idea might be sensible. © votxerise witha group ofthree students asthe interlocutor end two candidates The rest ofthe cass should give each of the candidates a mark out of five. 8) uisten to two candidates talking about one of the pictures in 7 Exercise C and answer these questions. GB) sayou do speaking Par? 1. Which picture are they talking about? aoe per this is just like the 2 Dothe candidates discuss the benefits of the idea? a Retnmparis, Akyou ave to 0015 3 thee i eal like they are having a conversation and working have arelaxed bb Dor’t smite in this part because you are ciscussig ery Se70us ee “* What are the benefits of each idea? ‘+ Which three will you mention in your article? aospeaking Pata? pete derstand or are snot sure what your ‘partne pass ark. te titor you wil ose you say that again ita a mean exactly?” or Could What do you t rs a fine to say rerorthe examiner has Sa, See Speaking database on page 194, @Reading 2 @@® _ Werd,power (enmbdortatatiaceel ieee) Stagting,point + Can you think of any fims which are about crimes? Describe one you have seen, You're going to read an article about Clifford Irving, who ‘committed a crime more than 35 years ago. Look at these words and phrases and discuss what Clifford Irving might have done. How should youdoReadingPatt27 «Read the removed sentences before fjouaniil as ne mgeyousn al se at tet 200 ces st neg treme” sefences IS, Dor ea rea te tet ey won rake much sense. EC er Zl You couldn't make it up Gifford irving was already a successful author when, in 1971, he hit upon the ida of faking the autobiography ofthe eccentric, billionaire Howard Hughos ~a man who had not boon seen in public, or broken silence for almost 15 years, ‘With fonged letters and false promises, Irving convinced his publishers that Hughes hhad appointed him as his biographer. He received cheques made out to Hughes for around $760,000, which Irving's wife — carefully disguised in wigs and dark glasses You are going to read a newspaper article about a man who committed a crime. Seven sentences have been removed from the article, Choose from the sentences A-H the one which fits each gap (2-7), There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. ‘A. Of course I'm uncomfortable with discussing what you call betrayal B After reading the manuscript and cross ‘examining Irving about his meetings with the billionaire, McCulloch Became convinced that Irving was telling the truth, and that the telephone call he had received from Hughes was a fake. His wife, Edith, received a two-year jail sentence in Switzeriand, although most ofthe sentence was suspended and she served only two months. D_ He wasa successful author, with a three-book contract he owned a lovely Ibizan farmhouse, and his own boat. E Speaking on the telephone from his Bahamian hotel, he held a bizare televised press conference, in which seven reporters sat around a table addressing questions to a voice ‘coming from a speaker on a stand. Ft couldn't believe it when McCulloch betrayed ime by telling Hughes what Id done. G Especially you still have the money to give back, as we did. Hi Swiss authorities had been making investigations into the Geneva bank account of "AR Hughes’, establishing that it was actually Irving's wife who was depositing the cheques ‘and withdrawing the money.Hiughos said he had never met Irving, calling the autobiography ‘totally fantastic fiction’ rye “The net was drawing tighter 5 Inthe faco of this clinching pioce of evidence, Irving confessed to his lawyer: the whole ‘thing was a hoax. Never one to let the truth spoil a good story, Clifford Irving masterminded the great Howard Hughes hoax autobiography in the 1970s, went to jail for fraud, and now spends his days living peacefully in Aspen, Did Irving feel any guilt or remorse? Irving gives a deep sigh. ‘As the hoax unravelled, a number of Colorado. As a film based on the hoax is released, people said to mo, "How could you Mick Brown finds Irving unrepentant. Tio to mo?” My answer was, "How could Ite you the truth Ifyou ~ deposited in a Swiss bank perhaps, is how Irving managed to had known thatthe whole thing account. Irving now says twas convince so many people forso was made up you might have given never about the money. His life Jong that the Hughes itaway. [coulda let you know: ‘was good. 1 Whathe was ‘autobiography’ was genuine. As 6 ‘But it was more than 35 in soarch of was not the good life, news ofits impending publication years ago and I paid the price Ee peer gechct prank In Juno 1972 ving was sentenced MeCulloch, a Time-Life journalist, ‘who had been tho last person to interview Hughes 14 years eaten, received a telephone call from a Nox he says, did he grasp that he ‘would be committing a crimo. We thought it was just a honx. They totwoand ahalf years’ imprisonment on chargos of ‘conspiracy to dofiaud, forgery, can put you in jail for hoax! ne ae ‘using the foderal mail to defraud 2 "He pauses," just But Bene ae q adperury. 7 ‘didnt seomed like such an elegant ac, SEU nov ceropertiel think fit as being punished. twas ‘And also an act from which I Pie. i Er a just happening,’ says Irving, ‘but at thought I could withdraw at any pe ee the same time I never thought 1 time I wanted,’ That, he (On January 7, 1972, just before didn’t deserve to be there. ocknowledgos with arusfl smile, schoduled publication, Huss 4 yyy, unin Rar Gar was ‘the great fallacy’. finally broke cover. 4 available on DVD. What is most astonishing Doreen Find words or phrases inthe text which are similar in meaning to these words and phrases. 1 not sorry (text subtitle) 2 prison (paragraph 3) 3. came out of hiding (paragraph 5) 4 admitted (paragraph 6) 5 theferngof sing you ad ace erty ps Vouinuc Cine wvneaioud real suit paragraph 7) ee given the punishment of (paragraph 8) planning a crime (paragraph 8) the creation of something that is fake (paragraph 8) 9 Wing toajudge (paregreph 8) Have youn say!Grammar 2 ki Circle the correct word to complete each sentence. 1. You‘te going to prison, are / aren't you? 2. You're not going to prison, are / aren't you? (We use question tags (a) to ask someone to agree with us and (2) to check that something is true. (When we ask someone to agree with us, ‘ur voice goes down atthe end of the sentence. When we check that something is true, our voice goes up at the end. (when the main verb is positive, the question tag is usually negative. You stole that watch, didn’t you? (When the main verb is negative, the ‘question tag is usualy positive. You didn't dot, did you? See Grammar database 34 on page 192 for ‘more information. G) Each ofthe question tags in these sentences is correc. Corect them, 1 You were sixteen when you were first arrested, cia you? 2 She's never been in any trouble, has she been? 3. We won't get caught, won't we? 4 Retcher stole the diamonds, stolen’the? 5 They ad aterble time onthe un, had they? 6 You've got an ali, haven't you got? 7 Youve nat goingto tell anyone, wil you? 1 2 3 4 5 DD imagine youre a detective investigating a burglary. You are interviewing a suspect who you think has been ving to you. Ask questions using these question tags: Example: You're lying tome, aren't you? t.areyou? 5... haver't you? 2...were you? 6... can't you? 3..didyou? 7. don't you? 3 4 «didn't you? ¥ Lam teling the # Lamtelling the ‘ruth, aren't 1? i ds truth amor oye ‘What does ‘I’ in this sentence refer to? Itis said that justice is blind. a) nothing b) something in a previous sentence (some verbs, such as ‘say’, ‘think’, feel’, know’ and ‘believe’ can be put into the passive with it’ as the suubject. This isa more formal way of saying ‘people say / think / etc. * Ithas been said that judges are not strict enough. = ‘Some people have said that judges are not strict enough. ‘Note: There is another common passive structure used with ‘say’, ‘suppose’, ‘think’, believe’, know’, ‘feel’: ‘subject + verb in passive + full infinitive. This prison is believed to be the most secure in the country. See Grammar database 35 on page 193 for more information, Rewrite these sentences using the impersonal passive. Everyone feels that she's a successful Minister of Justice. People will think that the police gave her special treatment. Everyone had thought that he was innocent. We didn't know that he'd been in trouble as a teenager. ‘Some people have said that McGarrett received an unfair tial, 6 Nobody has ever said that the legal system is perfect. 7. People believe that he left the country and assumed a new Identity. B ceewrte each sentence beginning withthe word or words siven so that the meaning remains the same. People believe that education prevents crime. te Education Everyone knows that life in prison is hard. It Life Most of us fee! that freedom is very important. Ie Freedom The papers say that the police found some fingerprints at the scene of the crime, It The policeUse of English 0) These phrases appear inthe text youare going to read in Exercise B. What do you think they mean? a innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt c find the defendant ‘not guilty’ How should you do Use of En Hows se of English {you are really not sure which of the four words fil the gap, pick one at random, say the sentence to € to yourself with each word in turn and pick the Word that sounds the best, GB The story in Exercise D is supposed to bbe amusing. Quickly read the text, ignoring the gaps, and explain in your ‘own words why the situation is funny. ot cs Read the text below and think of the Word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Ithas (@) said that ignorance is no defence in the eyes of the law, but some criminals (2) to be alot more ignorant (3) ___ others. Take the case (4) the convict who broke (5) —___of prison in Washington, DC, USA. A few days later, (6) the massive police hunt for him, he decided to accompany his girlfriend to her triat @_— robbery. He sat in the courtroom (8) __=morning listening tothe proceedings, and then at lunchtime () out to get a sandwich. (10) he was out, his girlfriend needed to speak to him, ‘and so (14) ___him paged over the court loudspeaker system. Police officers in the building recognised his name and immediately arested him Ga) his return to the court—in ‘car he had just stolen. How should you do Use of English Part 2? a Ifyou think there a fora gap, bifyou think there are fora gap, only write one {RL2gaP, only write one of them on your answer Read the text below and decide which answer (A, 8, Cor 0) best fits each gap. The Law 5) Guilty or Not Guilty? in many legal (i) around the world, the defendant is considered ‘0 be innocent until proven guilty. This means in effect that tis not (2) tothe defendant's lawyers to prove that the defendant did not commit the crime he or she is (2) of. Rather, it is the responsibilty of the (4) __ to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant did (5) the law. ‘But what does the phrase “beyond a reasonable doubt’ mean in, practice? It means that, although there may not be absolute (6). such asa video, that the defendant committed the crime, the judge or (7), after having examined all the (8) _, are certain that the person is guilty. I they are not certain, or, in () words, if they believe there isa reasonable doubt, they must find the defendant ‘not guilty’. In British (ao) __, defendants are never (43) innocent. The only possible (12) __ are ‘guilty’ or ‘not, guilty. 4 Astructures Bsystems Constructions arrangements 2 Aabout —-Bup Cover Dround 3 Aaccused Bblamed Charged ~——Dearrested 4 Apersecution B prescription Cprosecution D persuasion 5 Acommit Babandon Cbreak Dcheat 6 Aobservation B sign C proof Demonstration 7 Aaudience Bjury Cteam Deollective 8 Awamings Bhints confirmation D evidence 9 Aother Bmore Caiffering these 30 Aexhibitions Beourts Councils _—_D institutions m1 Amentioned Bdeclared Cspoken stated 12 Averdicts Bonclusions Cdecisions _D effects, re tno possible diferent answers write both on your answer sheet, cs two possible different answersWri : ing: essay GR tex te essay writen bya student in answerto the statement and usethese words end phases toil he gape Copa tei fue ese was and pases tothe ps. Cpt te Fiat ee a ‘a second argument agains - firstly» hand « however «in conclusion being the most serious, 2 the next most serious, et. If you think two ‘or more are the same, give them the Same numb 9999929992999992999299 Stenting point armed robbery theft arson as kidnapping No countries in the European Union coy ‘out the i ‘manslaughter death penalty Por those convicted ‘oP murder. murder 1 Sra wuvioer ob countvies Havonghout He 2 orl? He USA, Ae stil have capital punishment. ctheve ave several arguments in favour of catital quniginent.3 tris euguen that the death Menalty acts as a Ackervent. + ——_ peatle Ao Fe eeanit murder because the Aeath renelty whats 5 ______, some people believe that murder CNS a teriole crime that Aeathis the only artropriate punishment. om the ether 6 Jit come argued that Society shoulA show how wach it values He by Never killing amybody - even wurderers. 7 cEital punishment is that sometines mnocent feaple are Pound guilty. they are imprisoney Tree cantpe veleaseds This cannot haren Wf Hoey have alveady been pur to death. £___, there awe strong avgumnents on othe sides. 17 believe that... B) Make a paragraph plan forthe essay. im of paragraph paragraph 1 ‘+ Which ofthe crimes above deserve these punishments? paragraph 2 the: death penalty / capital punishment agra aprison sentence Paseiawe a suspended sentence ra community service rena aoe a T3 complete the final para ee Complete the ial pararaph in an appro formal ye sngBlagchead— peyote carey How should you write an essay? a Always agree completely wit Away mpletely with the statement you are a express your Se a : Ss eta tabase on page 196 for further ©) teat the question in Exercise Aad discuss the fllowing Do you agree with the statement? \< Do you disagree with the statement? Which punishments are more effective? Give reasons 10 support your opinion. Explain why all other punishments are less effective and why prison is the best punishment for all crimes. For which crimes is imprisonment not appropriate? Give reasons. For which crimes is imprisonment appropriate? Give reasons. Does it depend on the crime? What does it depend on? Give details and examples. Make a paragraph plan. Decide what you are going to etn aa include in ech paragraph. eae eae Oo BD wit your essay in 120-80 words in an appropriate isedeane dcoieve corecine LI style. followed your paragraph plan oO ( checked your spelling and grammar 165(1) Write a word from the box in the correct form to complete each sentence. (©) write aform ofthe word in brackets in each gap to complete each sentence. Se a 1 The man denied the _(ACCUSE) of blackmail, - = = 2. Is committing a crime ___. (ACCEPT) in some situations? 3 You'll need to do quite a lot of ___. (REVISE) before the eam, 4 Our (INTENSE) summer course only lasts six weeks but it's very demanding. 5 Guess what? I've won a. in the UK! 6 The media are starting to ask questions about the __ GFAID of the police investigation 7 Everyone thought the woman was guilty, but there. wasn't enough ___. (EVIDENT). 8 When the fake banknotes were traced back to him, the 1 Iwish |__. my homework at home agai 2 It's high time you ___ to tie your own shoelaces! 3, Almost everyone wishes they more money. 4 I bet people in prison wish they __ any crimes. 5 (SCHOLAR) to goto college me your composition tomortom, 6 Suppose you you keep it? 7. Mfonly1___ the window before I left, the burglar wouldn't have got in Tate man was charged with (FORGE). (©) ietethe corret word toil the gapin each sentence. 1 My elder brother is a/an __ at the University of Essex. ‘some money in the street. Would Apupil Bundergraduate apprentice D beginner 2. The police asked to see the man's driving Alicence Bdegree Certificate D pass 3. It's amazing that we can learn toa foreign language, Acompress _ B compare Ccomprehend compact 4 Nancy and | had both bought exactly the same kind of school bag without knowing it. Itwas a complete. Acoincidence B chance Cluck D fortune 5 think people who the aw shouldbe punished. Abreak ——Bcommit misbehave Dundo 6 My dad had to go to court because he was a/an to acrime. Aspectator viewer Cobserer witness 7 Don't forget to set the __ alarm when you go to bed tonight. Actininal burl” Cthiet O police 8 The judge looked very serious as he read out the ___ of the jury. Asaying ——Bresut Cverdict. sentence 9. Warning! People parkingin this area wl be Apersecuted —B prescribed Cpersuaded —_D prosecuted 10 My dad's really angry with my mum because she was caught __ last week when she was driving to work. Arunning —-Baccelerating —-C speeding —_D chasing©) Write a word from the box in the correct form in each gap to complete the sentences. Use one of the words twice. break» go «work eat «gt» cross 1 Reports are coming in that a bomb has __offin the city centre, 2. Paul was finally expelled for __up one of his, classmates. 3. When you have finished your composition, simply __out any notes you have made by putting a line through them. 4 Miss, could you over what you just said about the unreal past again, please? 5 When we gat to school, we realised that someone had... in during the night. 6 I think | probably have to __ down to learning some ‘more vocabulary before the exam. 7 Car'tyou — out the meaning of the word from the context? zz ©) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the fist sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 [don't want to study for the exam next week. feel don't for the exam next week, 2 People believe that London has a lot of crime. have London alotof crime. 3. Iwas three years old when | learned to read. age earned to read three. 4 Please don't chew gum during the lesson. rather 1 ____.chew gum during the lesson. ‘5, Don'tyou think you should start revising for the exam? about Isn't it Please don't keep boasting about the grade you got inthe exam. stop wish __________ about the grade you got in the exam, The criminal was convicted and then sentenced to ten years in prison. been Having. sentenced to ten years in prison. | found the grammar rule in the back of the book because | couldn't remember it up {couldn't remember the grammar rule inthe back of the book. ‘When he took the driving test, my brother passed it easily first time. sailed My brother at the first attempt. lan might not say much, but he's very intelligent. spite lar very intelligent, —__ much = a 1 2 There will always be criminals in society Write a question tag to complete each sentence. You've never been arrested by the police, ? Let's get together at my house to do some revision together, ___? It can be quite an educational experience to visit another country, ‘Our parents’ generation had a much harder time at school, ? ‘Your sister doesn’t think she's going to fail the exam, Weld better get down to some hard work, ___.? ‘Weil really miss our teacher if she left, 2 Sinarks Total: 60 marksReading @® Starting, point” '* Describe the plot of either a book you have read or a film you have seen about sport. {Look atthe questions and mutiple choice options in Exercise B and find words and phrases to complete these sentences. Jenny me of the time we played baseball together. Fm not really sure how to _____ to people who ask personal questions. 'F people laugh at you when you lose, the best thing is to them. You look ‘Ate you worried about tomorrow's match? Players usually wear numbers on their backs so that the crowd can them. You are going to read an extract from a short story. For questions 1-7, choose the answer (A, B, C or) which you think fits best according to the text. 1 What is Jake reminded of by Ben at the start of the 5 Why is Ben ina thoughtful mood? extract? A He wants to go to university. ieee Belson that ake dows the San Digi otra € He tinks eons malig the wore Can enjoyable time they spent together decision, 1 snseanon when Ben hut nse i abt peace ne 2 Hom doth boys spond to Mr Mee? eee pene 6 Bens plesed bythe fact that TS ps ea Saat A fetes somos sab he C They don’t think he means what he says. Sa Gir ren ices itn ® sarang a ati case sae € hiss ei nese A He wants to make sure he is completely ready, unde stants neeau witha 2 Hefetesiehyanconfoablewiththesiuaon. ‘2k Krowsowhe ees without being € Hevartsto show Befow easy finds D_Heis trying to make Ben feel more comfortable. 7 Why does Ben point to the schoo! by 1g? 4 What does Jake not understand at first? ‘A. He wants to show how it never changes. ‘A what Ben is referring to B_ Hewants jake to identify the students. Bhat bing nh ih om aly meas Cgakahin ie acess Chow much Ben has changed D_He sees something through one of the D whe thshare tomer fe oreJake finished tying his boots, stood up and stamped his foot on the tiled floor of the changing room. The noise of his studs was lost in the chaos of ten other boys getting changed, shouting insults, boasting ‘about what they were going to do in the match. Jake looked up as a towel flew past his head. “Think you can get it in their net this ‘week?’ It was Ben, grinning as he puilled his number nine shirt over has head. Jake blushed briefly as he remembered the own goal he had scored in the last match. He knew Ben meant no real harm, but the ‘memory of the weary silonce from his own team-mates and the Jaughter and celebrations of their ‘opponents hurt anyway. He threw the towel back to cover his ‘embarrassment, Mr Melver, the PE, ‘Things changed every year. Why teache puck his head around the was Ben in this mood? door. The noise level fll alittle. “Allright, lads, he said. ‘Iwanta “I suppose so,’ said Jake, finally. hhundred per cent out there today. Then he remembered that Ben's And that means you, Smithy.'The brother, Sean, was going away to boy he was refering to smiled —_university that year. Bon was very shoopishly. ‘Lant all of you out close to Sean, closer even than he there in two minutes. Get a move was to Jake, end Sean's leaving on!’ He ippeared and there was would turn his world upside. anew sense of urgency about the down, Jake watched the last ofthe changing room, with those boys other boys leave. ‘Maybe we'd ‘who had not yet put on their boots better go out, he said, quietly. Ben starting to rush, looked at him. "Yes, maybe,’ he said after a moment, but made no Ben sat down next to Jake with a move towards the door. Jake stood thoughtful look on his face, his and kicked a sock across the room. elbows on his knees and his head —_‘Ho'll be back,’ he said and Ben in his hands. It ade Jake slightly nodded, grateful that Jake had ‘uneasy and he started to check his understood what was bothering boots, which he already knew were him without needing an perfectly fine Jake liked to keep explanation. ‘things on a light, joking level and tried to avoid getting too serious, ‘know,’ Ben said. They begen to too emotional, as if he was afraid walk out of the changing room, of opening a door somewhere along the short corridor and out because of what he might find into the sunshine, The sound of inside. A few ofthe boys started to shouts and a whistle came down to disappear out ofthe door, their _them from the pitch. Ben put his ‘boots clicking as they walked. Ben hand on Jake's shoulder and watched them leave and then stopped him. ‘Look,’ he said, and spoke. I's all changing, isn'tit?” pointed back the way they had Jake looked around the room, ‘come. Jake looked atthe school which looked the same to him as it building, He saw nothing unusual had always done and then realised about the red-brick walls, with their ‘that Ben was talking about high windows, or the entrance to something else. Ben stood to look the building, where one or two out of the small window, shouts students he recognised stood from the first boys to reach the ‘chatting, ‘What? Looks just the pitch drifting back into the room, same as ever to me,’ he said. As he "They don't know it yet, but i's all tured, he realised that Ben had changing. Two months, then the already started to run towards the summer, then we'll be in the sixth pitch. As he ran, Ben tumed, form and everything will be running backwards for a few paces, different.'The sixth form meant facing Jake, ‘Exactly!” he shouted, more work, more exams, but they _then turned again as he reached the ‘were used to that, so Jake couldn't pitch and lost himself in the excited soa what Ben was getting at. mass of boys chasing the ball {@ Find words or phrases inthe text which have asimitar meaning to these words and phrases. 1. pieces of metal or plastic on the bottom of football boots (paragraph 1) (paragraph 1) 5 6 2 speaking ina proud way about one's achievements 7 8 9 3. smiling widely (paragraph 1) 4 tured redin the face (paragraph 1) tired, exhausted (paragraph 1) ina shy way (paragraph 3) slightly uncomfortable or nervous (paragraph 2) ‘moving stomly in air or water (paragraph 2) annoying, upsetting (paragraph 3) 10 steps (paragraph 4) 19Listening @ You will hear part ofa radio phone-in programme about television programmes. For questions 1-10, complete the sentences, ‘Sound Offis unusual for a ‘Sound Off does things that people normally associate: The presenter of Sound Offhas been criticised by journalists for his ‘Some people think that Charles Wilson doesn't show enough Nancy thinks famous people shouldn't expect to have ‘According to Nancy Girl Powers a bad example of Girl Power was broadcast for News Review is unusual because itis made outside Nancy is not interested in Nancy suggests that News Review should be on at 10 ‘You will hear a radio programme about education. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B or C). 4. Whatdid Marknotexpectto 4 How has learning French digransysioadeente tke? changed, according to Hannah? ° past A wearing a uniform A Pupils now learn language that were less interested in their B having less freedom is more useful pupils. working hard B Pupils now learn less B_knew less about their subject. vocabulary thar kithe past C_ had less training as teachers. 2 Onething Marked abutthe © Pubisnew are much eer at clothes he had to wear was See eae 7 How does Gareth say that A they were very attractive, relationships between pupils HansrunRe Mere Be Goes Wea oes ial oer have changed since the fifties? hey se weacical maths lessons rom the, pypits helped each other more rest backthen, A She and her classmates had Sefer ws 2. Whatdoes Marksayaboutthe " fogttentherghtmethods, © SoYS@ndas understand each workhe ad todo? sre ude unditverydifieutto —¢ ean A. Itwas quite varied. understand the questions. Niece wes onze bullion) B Itseemed inelevant. The pupils were able to copy € twas conusing. each ahers anes ; ‘Would you like to try the —Heveyounsey! educational sytem of fifty years ago? @Speaking

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