CREATED BY GROUP 2:

LELYANA W. MAHARANI M.RIFKI X.6/17 X.6/18 X.6/21

M.SHOLEH N.F X.6/22

STATE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 KEBUMEN ACADEMIC YEAR 2008/2009

Aromatics compounds are benzene and the derivation. The main of aromatics compound are benzene (C6H6), toluene(C6H5CH3), and xylene (C6H4(CH3)2. They are called BTX.

They are derived from pyrolysis gasoline produced

during the steam cracking of liquid

hridrocarbon such as naphta, gas oil and condensates through the reforming process. A small amount is still produced from destillation of light. Produced during the manufacture of coke. These aromatics compounds are used to produced a number of petrochemical intermediates including styrene, phenol, purified craptalic acid (PTA) and phytalic anhydride (PA). A number of polimers families are also derived from these aromatic such as polystyrene (PS), polyster/plyetylene terpthalate (PET). Polyrocarbonat, nylon and polyurethanes (PUS). The simple aromatics rings or simple aromatic compound aromatics are organic aromatic compound had consist only of conjugated planarings system with delocalized p electron clouds. Many simple aromatics ring have trivial names. There are usually found as substructures of more complex molecules. The following are the structure of BTX :

benzene xylene 1.BENZENE

toluene

Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon with a 6-carbon rings containing three alternating double bonds and have molecule formula C 6H6. Benzene is a coluorless, refractive liquid with a characteristic aromatic odour. Benzene vapour is toxic and highly flammable with a sweet smell and a relatively high melting point. Benzene, or benzol, is an organic chemical compound and a known carcinogen with the molecular formula C6H6. Because it is a known carcinogen, its use as an additive in gasoline is now limited, but it is an important industrial solvent and precursor in the production of drugs, plastics, synthetic rubber, and dyes. Benzene is a natural constituent of crude oil, and may be synthesized from other compounds present in petroleum. THE STRUCTUR OF BENZENE:
C C C C C C or or

The main sources of benzene are from the steam cracking or catalytic revorming of liquid pertoleum feedstrocks, primarily naphta, where the benzene is recovered from the aromatic steam.

In petrochemical industry, which the feedstocks is benzene generally benzene is changed into styrene, chumene, cyclohexena. Styrene is used to produces various synthetical rubbers such as SBR and polystystyrene. Sumene is used to produce phenol. next phenol used for made glues and resin. Cyclohexena is used especially for nylon production for example nylon-65 and nylon-6. a part of benzene also used for made detergent such as LAS and APS.

Major commodity chemicals and polymers derived from benzene

2. TOLUENE
Toluene, also known as methylbenzene or phenylmethane, is a clear, water-insoluble liquid with the typical smell of paint thinners, redolent of the sweet smell of the related compound benzene. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon that is widely used as an industrial feedstock and as a solvent. Like other solvents, toluene is also used as an inhalant drug for its intoxicating properties. The name toluene was derived from the older name toluol, which refers to tolu balsam, an aromatic extract from the tropical Colombian tree Myroxylon balsamum, from which it was first isolated. It was originally named by Jns Jakob Berzelius.

CLOSING

Thanks for God that blessing us. We also say thank for everyone that help to finish this working paper especially for Mrs.Dwi Subiyarti as chemistry teacher that give us the lessons. So, we can finish this working paper well. We say so sorry if in our article there are many mistakes and we hope that the readers know our mistakes please give the mistakes to our member group. We hope this working paper can be usefull for everyone which read it. We know that aromatic compound especially fro aromatics are very usefull for human life now, ago and in the future. Thats all for us.THANK YOU!!!!