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Crop Production :: Pulses :: Cowpea

COWPEA ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.aggreg.)

SEASON AND VARIETIES DISTRICT/SEASON VARIETIES Adipattam (June-August) For all districts except Kanyakumari and Nilgiris Co 6, Co(CP) 7, Paiyur 1, VBN 1 Purattasipattam (September - November) Vellore, Thiruvannamalai, Dharmapuri, Salem, Namakkal, Perembalur, Erode, Coimbatore, Madurai, Dindigul, Theni and Co 6, Co(CP) 7, Paiyur 1 Virudhunagar Margazhi - Thaipattam (December February) Kanchipuram, Thiruvallur, Vellore, Thiruvannamalai, Dharmapuri, Salem, Namakkal, Coimbatore, Erode, Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Co 2, Co 6, Co(CP) 7, VBN 2 Tiruchirappalli, Perambalur, Ariyalur, Karur, Pudukkottai, Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi PARTICULARS OF VARIETIES

Source: www.21food.com/userImages/jyglobe/jyglobe$38164046.jpg

Particulars

CO 2

Paiyur 1

CO 6

VBN 1

VBN 2

CO(CP) 7

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Hybrid derivative (C521 x C49) Year of release 1972 50% flowering(days) 45 Duration (days) 90 Grain yield(kg/ha) Parentage

Selection from MS 9804 x VM 16 C 152

Selection Selection from Gamma mutant from IT 81-D-1228-10 of CO 4 (20 Kr) T 85F 2020 1997 35 40 55 65 1998 40-45 75 - 80 2002 40 45 70 75

1985 75 90 900

1993 35 65 70

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Grain yield(kg/ha) Rainfed Irrigated Vegetable (Kg/ha) Plant height (cm) Stem, branches 900 ... 1375 9400 -...

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671 25 - 30 Erect green, 24 branches 950 10580 45 - 60 Green erect, 23 branches 1000 1600 40 55 Green with purple ring at fruiting nodes, 5 8 branches Ovote, trifoliate, entire, green and glabrous

Leaves

Colour of pods

Dry Colour of grain

100 grain wt (g) CROP MANAGEMENT IV. MANAGEMENT OF FIELD OPERATIONS 1. FIELD PREPARATION

30 - 40 60 - 70 34.5 Green stem Erect Green stem purple wash purple wash at nodes, at nodes, 3-4 3-4 branches branches Trifoliate, Dark green Trifoliate broad and leaflets entire, green, long petioles possessing tri - purple spot at angular white the abse of spots leaflet Tender Dark green greenish Green pigmented tip white Greyish Brown at Brown white maturity Reddish Brick red Light cream brown with irregular patches 12.5 9.9 9.9

Light green Dark green trifoliate

Greenish white Cream White

Light green

Green

Cream

Light brown

12 - 15

Ivory white, Brownish white hilum with tan and squire ring surrounded shape by brown band 13 - 15 12 - 14

Prepare the land to fine tilth and form beds and channels. SEED RATE STRAIN Paiyur 1, VBN 1, VBN 2, CO 6, CO(CP) 7 Optimum plant population 3,50,000/ha. 2. SEED TREATMENT Treat the seeds with Carbendazim or Thiram 2 g/kg of seed 24 hours before sowing (or) with talc formulation of Trichoderma viride @ 4g/kg of seed (or) Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed. Biocontrol agents are compatible with biofertilizers. First treat the seeds with biocontrol agents and then with Rhizobium. Fungicides and biocontrol agents are incompatible. 3. SEED TREATMENT WITH BIOFERTILIZER Fungicide-treated seeds, should be again treated with a bacterial culture. There should be an interval of atleast 24 hours between fungicidal and biofertilizer treatments. The improved rhizobial strain COC 10 is more effective in increasing the yield. Treat the seeds with 3 packets (600 g/ha) of Rhizobial culture COC 10 and 3 packets (600 g/ha) of Phosphobacteria developed at TNAU using rice kanji as binder. If the seed treatment is not carried out apply 10packets of Rhizobium (2000 g/ha) and 10 packets(2000 g) of Phosphobacteria with 25 kg of FYM and 25 kg of soil before sowing. Dry the biofertilizer treated seeds in shade for 15 minutes before sowing. 4. FERTILIZER APPLICATION a) Apply fertilizers basally before sowing. Rainfed : 12.5 kg N + 25 kg P2O5 + 12.5 kg K2O +10 kg S*/ha Irrigated : 25 kg N + 50 kg P2O5 + 25 kg K2O + 20 kg S*/ha *Note : Applied in the form of gypsum if Single Super Phospate is not applied as a source of phosphorus b) Soil application of 25 kg ZnSo4/ha under irrigated condition 5. SOWING Dibble the seeds adopting the following spacing. Varieties CO 6, VBN 1, Paiyur 1 Co 6, CO (CP) 7, VBN 2, Co 2 Sole crop 30 cm X 15 cm 45 cm x 15 cm Mixed crop 200 cm X 15 cm .. 25 Quantity of seed required (kg/ha) Pure crop Mixed crop 12.5

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Cowpea CO 6 at a spacing of 30cm X 15 cm 6. WATER MANAGEMENT Irrigate immediately after sowing followed by life irrigation on the third day. Irrigate at intervals of 7 to 10 days depending upon soil and climatic conditions. Flowering and pod formation stages are critical periods when irrigation is a must. Avoid water stagnation at all stages. . Apply KCl at 0.5 per cent as foliar spray during vegetative stage if there is moisture stress. 7. SPRAYING OF DIAMMONIUM PHOSPHATE OR UREA, NAA AND SALICYLIC ACID Foliar spray of Spray of NAA 40 mg/litre and Salicylic acid 100 mg/litre once at pre-flowering and another at 15 days thereafter Foliar spray of DAP 20 g/litre or urea 20 g/litre once at flowering and another at 15 days thereafter 8.WEED MANAGEMENT Pre emergence application of Pendimethalin 2 litres on 3 days after sowing using Backpack/ Knapsack/Rocker sprayer fitted with flat fan nozzle using 500 l of water for spraying one ha. After this, one hand weeding on 30 days after sowing gives weed free environment throughout the crop period. If herbicides are not applied give two hand weedings on 15 and 30 days after sowing. Updated on : 04.06.2013
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