SECTION 3.

Solving Rational Equations and Radical Equations

281

3a4
Solve. 1 1 1 1. + = 4 5 t 3. 5.

Exercise Set
5 1 1 - = x 3 6 t + 1 t - 1 = 1 3 2 1 1 1 + + = 5 t 2t 3t 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 1 1 3 = - 2 3x + 6 x - 2 x - 4 x 8 24 = + 3 x + 2 x - 2x + 4 x + 8
2

2. 4. 6.

x - 1 x + 2 = 15 4 5 1 2 1 3 + = + x x 2 3

18 81 x = 3 x + 3 x - 3x + 9 x + 27
2

3 5 = 7. 3x + 2 2x y2 16 9. = y + 4 y + 4 11. x + 6 = 5 x

2 3 = 8. x - 1 x + 2 49 w2 10. = w - 7 w - 7 12. x 12 = 1 x

x 4 32 = 2 x - 4 x + 4 x - 16 x 1 2 = 2 x - 1 x + 1 x - 1 1 1 6 - = 2 x x - 6 x - 6x 1 1 15 - = 2 x x - 15 x - 15x 34. 23x + 2 = 6 32. 24x + 1 = 3

5y - 3 2 6 + = 2 13. y y + 3 y - 9 3 2 4m - 4 14. + = 2 m m + 2 m - 4 2x 5 15. = x - 1 x - 3 2x 5 16. = x + 7 x + 1 17. 2 1 16 + = 2 x + 5 x - 5 x - 25

35. 27 - x = 2
3

33. 22x - 5 = 2 37. 21 - 2x = 3

31. 23x - 4 = 1

2 5 3 + = 18. 2 x - 3 x + 3 x - 9 3x 6 12 + = 2 19. x x + 2 x + 2x y + 4 y + 1 3y + 5 = 20. 2 + y y + 5 y + 5y 21. 22. 1 1 3 - 2 = 5x + 20 x - 4 x - 16 1 1 5 - 2 = 4x + 12 x - 3 x - 9

45. 2b + 3 - 2 = 1 49. 22x + 1 - 3 = 3 53. 26x + 9 + 8 = 5 57. 2x - 3 + 5 = x 51. 22 - x - 4 = 6

3

43. 2y - 1 + 4 = 0 47. 2z + 2 + 3 = 4

4 2 41. 2 x - 1 = 1

39. 25x - 2 = - 3

38. 22 - 7x = 2
5 42. 2 3x + 4 = 2

36. 25 - x = 1

3 40. 2 2x + 1 = - 5

46. 2x - 4 + 1 = 5 48. 2y - 5 - 2 = 3

44. 2m + 1 - 5 = 8

50. 23x - 1 + 2 = 7 52. 25 - x + 2 = 8

55. 2x + 4 + 2 = x 59. 2x + 7 = x + 1

56. 2x + 1 + 1 = x 58. 2x + 3 - 1 = x

5 54. 2 2x - 3 - 1 = 1

2 3 4 23. - 2 = 5x + 5 x - 1 x - 1

65. 2x - 3 + 2x + 2 = 5

63. 25x + 1 = x - 1

61. 23x + 3 = x + 1

60. 26x + 7 = x + 2 64. 27x + 4 = x + 2 62. 22x + 5 = x - 5

282

CHAPTER 3

Quadratic Functions and Equations; Inequalities

66. 2x - 2x - 5 = 1

89.

68. 22m - 3 = 2m + 7 - 2 70. 22x + 1 - 2x = 1 69. 2x - 23x - 3 = 1

67. 23x - 5 + 22x + 3 + 1 = 0 90.

1 1 1 + , for p = m p F (A formula from optics) 2g V2 , for h 2 = R + h R (A formula for escape velocity)

72. 24p + 5 + 2p + 5 = 3 73. 2y + 4 - 2y - 1 = 1 74. 2y + 7 + 2y + 16 = 9

71. 22y - 5 - 2y - 3 = 1

Skill Maintenance
Find the zero of the function. 91. f 1x2 = 15 - 2x
1/5

76. 26x + 6 = 5 + 221 - 4x 77. x

1/3

75. 2x + 5 + 2x + 2 = 3 = -2

92. f 1x2 = - 3x + 9 = 2

78. t

79. t 1/4 = 3

80. m1/2 = - 7

Solve. P1V1 P2V2 = , for T1 81. T1 T2 (A chemistry formula for gases) 82. 1 1 1 = + , for F m p F (A formula from optics) 1 , for C A LC (An electricity formula)

93. Deadly Distractions. Drivers who were distracted by such things as text-messaging, talking on a cell phone, conversing with passengers, and eating were involved in 5870 highway fatalities in 2008. This was an increase of about 18% over the number of distracted-driving fatalities in 2004 and is attributed largely to the increased number of drivers who texted in 2008. (Source : NHTSAs National Center for Statistics and Analysis) How many highway fatalities involved distracted driving in 2004?

83. W =

84. s =

A , for A A6 (A geometry formula)

94. Big Sites. Together, the Mall of America in Minnesota and the Disneyland theme park in California occupy 181 acres of land. The Mall of America occupies 11 acres more than Disneyland. (Sources : Mall of America; Disneyland) How much land does each occupy?

1 1 1 = + , for R2 85. R R1 R2 (A formula for resistance) 86. 1 1 1 = + , for t a t b (A formula for work rate)

Synthesis
Solve. 95. 1x - 322/3 = 2 96.

x + 4 x + 5 x + 6 x + 3 = x + 2 x + 3 x + 4 x + 5 6 2x + 5

A 87. I = - 1, for P AP (A compound-interest formula) 88. T = 2p 1 , for g Ag (A pendulum formula)

97. 2x + 5 + 1 = 99. x 2/3 = x

98. 315 + 22x + 80 = 5