OBJECTIVES:-

• Optimization of binder.
• To print given cotton fabric with the help of Pigments having different binder
concentrations.

APPARATUS:-

 Beaker
 Stirrer
 Electric Balance

CHEMICALS REQUIRED:- (FOR STOCK PASTE)

 PVA [3-12 %] 15-60g/l

 Ammonia liquor 7-15g/l
 Binder 15-30g/l
 Water 1000 ml

PROCEDURE:-

First of all, about 1liter of water was taken in a beaker followed by the addition of
PVA (3%) and a small amount of ammonia liquor.This mixture was then stirred
vigorously using a high speed stirrer. The viscosity of paste was then measured with
the help of viscometer. The amount of PVA was optimized to obtain a viscosity level
of 20000 centipoises. This reading was obtained using spindle no.7 of viscometer.
Then the paste was divided into 8 equal parts and binder was added in different
concentrations as shown:

1. A contains binder = 3%
2. B contains binder = 6%
3. C contains binder = 9%
4. D contains binder = 12%
5. E contains binder = 15%
6. F contains binder = 18%
7. G contains binder = 21%
8. H contains binder = 24%

The decrease in viscosity was noted. PVA was again added to get the viscosity
achieved above.
PREPARATION OF PRINT PASTE FOR COTTON:-

APPARATUS:

 Beaker
 Stirrer
 Electric Balance

CHEMICALS REQUIRED:- (FOR PRINT PASTE)

 Stock paste
 Pigment dye [4%] 40 g/l

PRINT PASTE PREPARATION:

PROCEDURE:

Pigment was added in the prepared stock paste and the paste was stirred for some
time to make the pigment paste.

PRINTING OF COTTON FABRIC:-

MACHINE USED:

 Flat bed printing machine

 Stenter

PROCEDURE:

The fabric sample was put on flat bed machine with the screen on the fabric. Print
paste was put on one side of screen and applied with the help of steel rod. Steel
rod moved with the help of electromagnetic assembly and applied the paste on the
fabric. The fabric was then dried at 110oC for 1 min through stenter. It was then
cured at 170oC for 2 min. Testing was carried out on the fabric.

RESULT:-

A small decrease in the viscosity of the print paste was observed by the addition of the
binder, but however the rubbing fastness of the print paste was improved because
cross linking of the binders was done with the fabric.
CALCULATIONS:

Viscosity of Paste Before Binder Addition = Z = 20,000 cps

Paste Name % Of Binder Added Viscosity After % Add-on

Binder Addition Of PVA to achieve
[Cps] 'Z'
A 3 15000 1
B 6 13000 1.5
C 9 11000 1.875
D 12 9000 2.250
E 15 6700 2.5
F 18 5000 2.75
G 21 4000 3.0
H 24 2500 3.125

RESULTS:-

By the addition of the binder the viscosity drops to some extent it depends upon the
amount of the binder, more binder more viscosity drops. But however the rubbing and
washing fastness improves by the addition of the binder in pigment printing.
 Faisal Bashir 03-NTU-009
M.Aslam Qaurani 03-NTU-106
Nouman Danish 03-NTU-117
Zeeshan Haider 03-NTU-127
Shahid Mahmood 03-NTU-215

NATIONAL TEXTILE UNIVERSIRY

FAISALABAD