Reinforcement and extension Science, Geography and History

Contents
Reinforcement Worksheets
Worksheet 1 Living things ...................... Worksheet 2 Classification of living things ................................ Worksheet 3 Plant classification ............. Worksheet 4 Plant nutrition .................... Worksheet 5 Plant reproduction ............. Worksheet 6 Invertebrates ..................... Worksheet 7 Arthropods and molluscs ... Worksheet 8 Vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds ........................... Worksheet 9 Vertebrates: mammals ....... Worksheet 10 The digestive process ........ Worksheet 11 Respiration and excretion ... Worksheet 12 Circulation ......................... Worksheet 13 Matter and its properties .... Worksheet 14 Changes in matter and changes of state.......... Worksheet 15 The atmosphere and the hydrosphere.......... Worksheet 16 The geosphere................... Worksheet 17

Changes in the surface of the Earth........................ Worksheet 18 Landscapes ....................... Worksheet 19 Coastal landscapes ............ Worksheet 20 Rivers ................................ Worksheet 21 The watersheds of Spain .... Worksheet 22 Climate .............................. Worksheet 23 Population ......................... Worksheet 24 Population movement ........ Worksheet 25 The population of Spain ..... Worksheet 26 Work ................................. Worksheet 27 Economic sectors .............. Worksheet 28 Prehistory .......................... Worksheet 29 Antiquity ............................ Worksheet 30 The Visigoths ..................... Worksheet 31 Al Andalus and the first Christian kingdoms ............ Worksheet 32 The Early Modern period.... Worksheet 33 Modern and Contemporary Spain.................................

Extension Worksheets
Worksheet Worksheet Worksheet Worksheet Worksheet 1 2 3 4 5 .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. 36 38 40 42 44 Worksheet 6 Worksheet 7 Worksheet 8 Worksheet 9 Worksheet 10 ............... ............... ............... ............... ............... 46 48 50 52 54 Worksheet Worksheet Worksheet Worksheet 11 12 13 14 ............... ............... ............... ............... 56 58 60 62

Santillana

Primary

The Reinforcement and extension Worksheets for Science, Geography and History, New Science, for Year 5 of Primary Education is a collective work, created, written and developed in the Primary Education department at Santillana Educacin, S.L. under the supervision of JOS LUIS ALZU GOI. Ilustrations: Domingo Benito, Nacho Gmez and Jos Santos Content Editor: Mar Garca English Language Specialist: Jeannette West English Language Editor: Mady Musiol Editorial Coordination: Michele C. Guerrini

2006 by Richmond Publishing 4 Kings Street Cloisters Albion Place London W6 0QT 2006 by Santillana Educacin, S.L. Torrelaguna, 60, 28043 Madrid Richmond Publishing is an imprint of Santillana Educacin, S.L.

CP: 886992 Depsito legal:

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.

Worksheet

1
Name
Remember

Reinforcement
Date

In nature there are living things and non-living things. Living things depend on three basic life processes: nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction. Living things are made up of cells.

1. Match the two columns. Ingest food substances, transform them for their utilisation and eliminate waste.

Reproduction

Nutrition
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Perceive what is happening around them and respond to what they perceive. Create offspring similar to themselves.

Sensitivity

2. Label the parts of the plant cell. nucleus cytoplasm membrane wall

3. True or False? Write T or F. A cell is the smallest unit which makes up living and non-living things. Cells have three parts: membrane, nucleus and plasma. Cells group together to form tissues. Living things made up of many cells are called unicellular.
Living things

Worksheet

2
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

Living things are classified into large groups called kingdoms. The three principal kingdoms are the animal kingdom, the plant kingdom and the fungi kingdom.

1. Label the pictures: animal kingdom, plant kingdom or fungi kingdom.

2. Match the characteristics to the kingdom. They make their own food. They are anchored to the ground. They have a nervous system and sense organs. They depend on other living things for food. They move from one place to another. Animals

Plants

Fungi

Answer the questions. How are fungi and plants similar?

How are fungi and animals similar?

Classification of living things

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

Worksheet

3
Name
Remember

Reinforcement
Date

Plants can be classified into: non-flowering plants and flowering plants. Non-flowering plants never produce flowers or seeds. They reproduce with spores. Examples are mosses and ferns. Flowering plants produce flowers and seeds to reproduce. They can be classified into angiosperms and gymnosperms.

1. Complete the word map. Plants

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

non-f

2. Complete the sentences. stems spores gymnosperms fruit cones

angiosperms

are special cells which germinate and create a new plant in the right conditions.

Ferns have thick underground Gymnosperm seeds are grouped together in Angiosperm seeds develop inside the Most
Plant classification

and large leaves. . .

are called deciduous plants. This is the most numerous plant group. are trees. 5

Worksheet

4
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

Plants make their own food in a process called photosynthesis. They need water, minerals, carbon dioxide and sunlight. Plants also breathe.

1. Label the drawing.

carbon dioxide xylem vessels raw sap water and minerals

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2. Complete the word map. water food minerals oxygen sunlight

Photosynthesis

plant leaf

Plant nutrition

Worksheet

5
Name
Remember

Reinforcement
Date

Plants use sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction to reproduce.

Sexual reproduction uses flowers and seeds. There are three stages:
pollination, seed formation and fruit formation.

Asexual reproduction uses other plant parts like tubers, bulbs

or stolons.

1. Label the parts of the flower. ovary

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sepal

petal

stamens

ovules

2. Order the stages of plant reproduction. Write 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. The flower changes into a fruit. Pollination takes place. Pollen forms on the stamen. The seeds germinate. Seeds form inside the fruit. 3. Match the two columns. Bulbs are horizontal stems which develop roots and create new plants when a node touches the ground. are thick subterranean stems which store many nutritive substances. are horizontal, subterranean stems. 7

Stolons

Tubers
Plant reproduction

Worksheet

6
Name Date

Reinforcement

Invertebrates

Worksheet

8
Name
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Reinforcement
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Fish live in water, have skin covered with scales, breathe through gills and are oviparous. Amphibians live in water when they are born and on land when they are adults. They develop lungs, are oviparous, and their skin has no protective covering. Reptiles have skin covered with hard scales, breathe through lungs and lay eggs on land. Birds have skin covered with feathers, have wings, breathe through lungs and lay eggs on land.

1. Identify the invertebrate groups. birds fish reptiles amphibians

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They live in water and breathe through gills. They are born in water and their skin has no protective covering. They have scales and breathe through lungs. They lay eggs on land and have wings.
2. Complete the table. Tick the boxes. Fish Oviparous Lungs Gills Scales Amphibians Reptiles

Birds

3. What do fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds have in common? Tick . They are invertebrates. They have scales. They have feathers. 10 They breathe through gills. They are oviparous. They breathe through lungs. They have legs. They swim. They are vertebrates.

Vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

Worksheet

9
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

Mammal characteristics: most have four limbs; a body covered with hair or fur; they breathe air through lungs; the young develop inside the females body and feed on the mothers milk; they are warm-blooded. The principal mammal groups are: marsupials, primates, ruminants, carnivores, bats, cetaceans, rodents and insect eaters.

1. Tick the words which describe mammals. animal vertebrate

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

hair legs

lungs viviparous

terrestrial carnivore

2. Label the pictures with the mammal group each animal belongs to.

3. Use the words to identify the animal described. bats cetaceans primates insect eaters

They have eyes on the front of the head. They are the only mammals which fly. They have no hind limbs. They have many small, sharp teeth.
Vertebrates: mammals

11

Worksheet

13
Name Date

Reinforcement

Remember

Everything in the universe is made up of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. Matter can be classified into: pure substances, which are made of only one kind of element or compound, or mixtures, which are made of several pure substances. Matter has general properties like mass and volume, and characteristic properties like density. 1. Identify and write pure substance or mixture.
2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

bread flour

water granite

What is the difference between pure substances and mixtures? Explain.

2. Use the words to describe a homogeneous and a heterogeneous mixture. Rememberthat individual components cannot be distinguished in homogeneous mixtures, but in heterogeneous mixtures they can. marbles Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture flour milk sugar cocoa water

3. Match each property of matter with the correct definition. Mass per unit volume. The amount of matter in an object. The amount of space an object occupies. Volume Density Mass

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

Worksheet

14
Matter Name and its properties

Reinforcement
Date
15

Worksheet

14
Name
Remember

Reinforcement
Date

Matter can undergo chemical changes like oxidation, combustion and putrefaction, and physical changes like fragmentation, expansion, movement, contraction, as well as changes of state. When matter changes from one state to another, a change of state occurs. There are six types of changes: melting, solidification, boiling, evaporation, condensation and sublimation.

1. Identify the change of matter taking place.

A substance changes when it burns. An object changes position. An object gets bigger when the temperature rises. A substance changes when it reacts with oxygen. An object gets smaller when it is cooled. An organic substance changes when it decomposes. Now classify the changes.
Physical changes Chemical changes

c m e o c p
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2. Identify and write the change of state taking place.

b 16

m
Changes in matter and changes of state

Worksheet

15
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

The atmosphere is the layer of air which surrounds the Earth. It is made up of various layers. The troposphere is the lowest layer. Plants and animals can only live here, and weather phenomena occur here. The hydrosphere is all the water on the planet. The water cycle is the constant circulation of water on the Earth.

1. Complete the text. stratosphere

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

air

ozone

troposphere

atmosphere

oxygen

The

is the layer of air which surrounds the Earth. . ;

is a mixture of gases, but it is mostly nitrogen and The atmosphere is made up of various layers. The lowest layer is the

the only layer where plants and animals can live. Weather phenomena occur here. The next layer is the . The upper part of this layer contains an area with layer. a high concentration of ozone, called the

2. Label the stages of the water cycle.

evaporation condensation solidification melting

The atmosphere and the hydrosphere

17

Worksheet

16
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

The geosphere is the solid part of the Earth. It has three layers: crust, mantle and core. Rocks are natural materials which make up the Earths crust. Rocks are made of minerals. Rocks can be classified into three types, depending on how they are formed: sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic.

1. Label the parts of the geosphere.

m

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2. Tick the correct answer.

The geosphere
is the part of the Earth which is under the oceans. is the solid part of the Earth.

Rocks are
solid materials which make up the Earths crust and mantle. natural materials which make up the Earths crust.

Minerals are
pure substances which make up rocks. very hard rocks.

Depending on how they are formed, rocks can be

minerals. sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic. 18
The geosphere

Worksheet

17
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

The surface of the Earth changes continuously. Some changes originate internally, such as volcanoes and earthquakes. Other changes originate externally as a result of erosion, transport and deposition or sedimentation.

1. Write the correct word. Then use the words to label the drawing.

Very hot liquid rock. An area around the crater where materials
accumulate.
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l v c v

A circular opening at the top of the volcano. A vent through which the magma goes up.

2. Match the two columns. Erosion Movement of eroded material.

Transport

The processes which leave eroded materials in other places.

Deposition and sedimentation

Changes in the surface of the Earth

Removal of soil and rock material by wind, water or ice. 19

Worksheet

18
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

All the different features of the surface of the Earth make up the landscapes. Mountain landscapes include mountains and valleys. Plains are large areas of flat land with no hills or slopes. They include plateaus, depressions, and coastal plains.

1. Look at the drawing. Match the two columns.

mountain

mountain range mountain chain valley

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

hill plateau

plains

depression

mountain valley mountain range mountain chain plateau depression plains hill

very low mountains low areas between mountains large areas of flat land several mountains grouped together plains which are lower than the surrounding land raised part of the surface of the Earth a long line of mountains plains with a very high altitude

Explain the difference between plains and mountains.

20

Landscapes

Worksheet

19
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

The coast is the area where the land meets the sea. Coastal plains are low-lying coasts and often have long, sandy beaches. Mountainous or very elevated coasts are called high coasts. They usually have rocky cliffs and coves. Some coastal landforms are: capes, gulfs, peninsulas, islands, marshes and estuaries.

1. Look at the drawing.

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cape gulf estuary

bay isthmus archipelago peninsula island lagoon marsh

Use coastal landforms to complete the sentences. An e Ag Ap Am Ai

is a tidal opening where part of a river meets the sea. is a place where the sea extends into the land. is a piece of land almost completely surrounded by water. is a wetland which forms near the mouth of a river. is a piece of land completely surrounded by water.

Coastal landscapes

21

Worksheet

20
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

Rivers are moving bodies of water. They originate in the mountains and flowinto the sea, a lake or another river. We can distinguish three elements in a river: The course is the route a river takes from its source to the mouth. The flow is the amount of water a river carries. The flow regime is the flow pattern of a river during the year.

1. Match the two columns.

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Flow Flow regime Curso Ro

The flow pattern of a river during the year. A moving body of water. The amount of water that a river carries. The route a river takes from its source to the mouth.

2. Complete and label the three courses of a river.

The river is narrow and the water moves swiftly.

The river is wide and the water flows slowly.

The river is wider and the water moves very slowly.

22

Rivers

Worksheet

21
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

Rivers that flow into the same sea belong to the same watershed. The rivers in Spain belong to three watersheds: the Cantabrian, the Mediterranean and the Atlantic.

1. Look at the map. Write the name of one river in each watershed.
Bay of Biscay

FRANCE
ANDORRA

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A R U

Balearic Islands

The Mediterranean watershed

A T LAN T IC
Ceuta

SCA LE

127
Kilometres Melilla

OC EA N
ATLANTIC OCEAN

Canary Islands

WATERSHEDS Cantabrian Mediterranean Atlantic

The Atlantic watershed

2. Complete the sentences. Cantabrian Mediterranean Atlantic

The rivers in the

flow regimes, except for the Ebro.

watershed are short and have irregular watershed have abundant flow and regular

The rivers in the

flow regimes like the Mino and Duero.

The rivers in the

watershed are short, swift rivers with regular flow regimes and abundant flow like the Nalon. 23

The watersheds of Spain

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The Cantabrian watershed

Worksheet

28
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

Prehistory extends from the time the first human beings appeared up to the invention of writing. It can be divided into two periods: The Stone Age gets its name from the stone used to make simple tools. This period can be divided into the Palaeolithic and the Neolithic. The Age of Metals gets its name from the metals used to make tools. In this period, people invented the plough and wheel, and also built the first cities.

1. Look at the pictures. Then complete the sentences.

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Stone arrowheads

Bronze head

Picture A is from the Picture B is from the

because because

2. Complete the word map. Prehistory

Age of

Age of

P 30
Prehistory

Worksheet

29
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Reinforcement
Date

Antiquity is the first period of recorded history. On the Iberian Peninsula, Antiquity can be divided into two periods: In pre-Roman times, the peninsula was inhabited by Iberian and Celtic tribes. Later came the colonising civilisations: Phoenicians, Greeks and Carthaginians. Roman times began more than two thousand years ago when the Romans conquered the peninsula after defeating the Carthaginians.

1. Order the arrival of the civilisations on the peninsula. Write 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.

2006 Richmond Publishing / Santillana Educacin, S. L.

Phoenicians Iberians and Celts Romans Greeks 2. Look at the map. What does it represent? Tick the correct answer.
GALLAETIA TARRACONENSIS

Carthaginians

The Roman provinces of Hispania. Prehistoric archaeological sites. The first inhabitants. Roman roads.

LUSITANIA CARTAGINENSIS

BAETICA

Write the names of the Roman provinces in Hispania.

Antiquity

31

Worksheet

30
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

In 409, different Germanic tribes invaded Roman Hispania. The Vandals, Alans and Suevi arrived first. The Visigoths came later. The Visigoths ruled over the entire peninsula. Toledo was the capital of their kingdom. The Visigoth kings unified religion and laws throughout the peninsula.

1. True or False? Write T or F. In 409 Germanic tribes invaded Hispania. Toledo was the capital of the Visigoth kingdom. 2. Complete the table. They came from The Visigoths They invaded Hispania in the year They came after the The Visigoths unified the peninsula. The Germanic tribes were Romans.
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3. Tick the correct answer.

Who were the Visigoths?

The Visigoths were a Germanic tribe from central Europe who settled on the peninsula. The Visigoths were allies of the Romans.

Which Visigoth king unified the laws?

Reccared Recceswinth

What language and religion did the Visigoths adopt?

Latin and Christianity Greek and Islam In villages.

Where did the Visigoths live?

In cities. 32
The Visigoths

Worksheet

31
Name
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Reinforcement
Date

In 711 a small force of Muslims invaded the Iberian Peninsula. Al Andalus was the name Muslims gave to the land they conquered. Around the year 100, Al Andalus broke up into small independent kingdoms called taifas. The Christians remained in the north of the peninsula. In 1230 the Christian territory was divided into four large kingdoms: the Kingdom of Navarre, the Crown of Aragon, the Crown of Castile and Portugal. In 1492, the Catholic Monarchs conquered Granada, the last taifa kingdom.

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1. When did these events occur? Write the year.

A force of Muslims invaded the peninsula. Al Andalus was divided into taifas. The Catholic Monarchs conquered the Kingdom of Granada. The Christian territories were divided into four
large kingdoms. 2. Complete the sentences. caliph king mosque

Romanesque . .

A Muslim temple is called a The maximum authority of Al Andalus was a

At the beginning of the Middle Ages, Christians used an artistic style called
.

The maximum authority of the Christians was a

3. What were taifas? Explain

Al Andalus and the first Christian kingdoms

33

websites http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/solar-system/earth.html http://www.topmarks.co.uk/Interactive.aspx?cat=68 http://www.topmarks.co.uk/Interactive.aspx?cat=96 http://www.globalclassroom.org/2005/inservice/science.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/index_flash.shtml http://www.xtec.es/~ealonso/flash/mapasflash.htm http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval/history/highmiddle/reconquista.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/primary/geography/