Drug Study

Generic Name: Ceftriaxone Brand Name: Rocephin Classification: Antimicrobial and Antiparasitic Indications: Treatment of LRIT (e.g. bronchitis, pneumonia), skin and soft tissue infection.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin, penicillin, lidocaine or any local anesthetic of the amide type. Patient with history of gastrointestinal disease.

Side Effects: Phlebitis Rash Diarrhea Vomiting

Adverse Reaction: Leukopenia Serum sickness Anaphylaxis

Nursing Responsibilities: Instruct patient to take medication as prescribed for the length of time ordered even if he feels better. Encourage patient to report sore throat, bruising, bleeding and joint pain. Advise patient to watch out for perineal itching, fever, malaise, rednes, pain, swelling, rash, diarrhea.

Generic Name: Cefixime Brand Name: Suprax Classification: Anti-infective Indications: Treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea caused by Neisseria gonorrhea Treatment for uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by E.coli Treatment for otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, acute bronchitis.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins or penicillins

Adverse Reactions: CNS: headache, lethargy, paresthesia, syncope, seizures CV: hypotension, palpitations, chest pain, vasodilation EENT: hearing loss GI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, oral candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis GU: vaginal candidiasis, nephrotoxicity Hematologic: lymphocytosis, eosinophilia, bleeding tendency, hemolytic anemia, hypoprothrombinemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, bone marrow depression Hepatic: hepatic failure, hepatomegaly Musculoskeletal: arthralgia Respiratory: dyspnea Skin: urticaria, maculopapular or erythematous rash

Nursing Responsibilities: Monitor baseline CBC and kidney and liver function test results. Monitor for signs and symptoms of superinfection and other serious adverse reactions. Tell patient to take once-daily doses at same time each day.

Advice patient to take drug exactly as prescribed and to continue to take full amount prescribed even when he feels better. Instruct patient to report signs and symptoms of allergic response and other adverse reactions, such as rash, easy bruising, bleeding, severe GI problems, or difficulty breathing.

Generic Name: Ceftazidime Brand Name: Tazidime Classification: Antibiotic; Cephalosporins Indications: CNS infection

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity with penicillins, cephalosporins

Dosage: 300mg q8hr

Adverse Reaction: CNS: Headache, dizziness, thethargies, paresthesias GI: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, flatulence, psuedomembranous colitis, liver toxicity GU: Nephrotoxicity Hematologic: bone marrow depression- decreased WBC, decreased platelets, decrease Hct Hypersensitivity: ranging from rash to fever to anaphylaxis, serum sickness reaction Local: Pain, abscess at injection site, phlebitis, inflammation at IV site Other: Superinfections, disulfiram-like reactions with alcohol

Nursing Responsibilities: Assess for renal and liver dysfunction Do not mix with aminoglycoside solutions, administer separately Have Vitamin K available in case hypoprothrombenimia occurs Discontinue if hypersensitivity occurs Teach patient what to expect in taking the drug e.g. upset stomach or diarrhea but must report severe diarrhea, DOB, fatigue, pain at injection site.

Generic Name: Cefpodoxime Brand Name: Vantin Classification: Anti-infective Indications: `Treatment of any bacterial infection such as UTI, bronchitis, Otitis media, skin infection.

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin, penicillin

Dosage: 1 tablet PO q12hr for 7 days.

Adverse Reaction: Severe skin rash Itching Hives DOB or difficulty of swallowing Wheezing Unusual bleeding or bruising Sore throat Vaginal infection

Nursing Responsibilities: Assess patient for hypersensitivity Teach patient take drug with food Instruct patient of the side effects of the drug and report if severity of the side effect occur. Discontinue if patient id allergic to the drug.

Generic Nme: Cefoperazone Brand Name: Cefobid Classification: Antibiotic Indications: Treatment of respiratory tract infection, peritonistis, bacterial septicemia, skin infection, endometritis, UTI.

Dosage: 2- 4 g/ day in equally divided dosage q12hr. IM or IV

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins

Adverse Reaction: Skin rash Urticaria Eosinophilia Diarrhea Nausea Vomiting Phlebitis Neuromuscular hypersensitivity Nephrotoxicity

Nursing Responsibilities: Assess patient for hypersensitivity Discontinue if patient is allergic to the drugs If not, observe patient for any side effects of the drugs Teach patient what the side effect of the drug and what to report to physician.