BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

Lesson 1 Intro / Components of Blood CLASS 1 25 minutes Materials: 30 x T/F sheet 1 x LCD Microsoft Word Probe Questions 2 x Answer Key Intro Activity: True/False **28 students in class** o 20 questions (T/F) on prior knowledge of CV system ~10-15 minutes to fill out answers o When done, correct as a class (~10 minutes) hands for true, hands for false, ask some students to explain their answer, give correct answer, provide extra details if necessary, answer student questions, move on meant to be a BRIEF into and ascertain what prior knowledge exists and activate this prior knowledge try not to go TOO in depth on anything CLASS 2 75 minutes Materials: Powerpoint Presentation Lesson: Powerpoint [to slide 16] Duration ~ 75 minutes o Interesting Facts about Blood / Circulatory system [5-10 min] o THINK! small vs. large organisms, why do large need CV system? [2 min] Importance of circulation complex multicellular organisms need circulatory because they are too large for substances to simply diffuse from cell to cell to exchange waste/nutrients/gases, etc

BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

o Open V. Closed systems [5-10 min]

o

2 parts of CV fluid (ie blood) and pump (ie heart) Open = no vessels to transport fluid Closed = fluid transported within network of vessels

Overview Video [1 min]: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R-sKZWqsUpw

o Function/Purpose of Components [5 min] o Component Ratios [10 min] 55% plasma, 45% formed elements body maintains ratios! If high solute levels are detected (ie formed elements) @ 55%, increased water absorption to even out ratio o Plasma [5 minutes] Liquid (90% fluid ie water, 10% proteins, glucose, waste, gases, etc) 3 proteins: Albumins regulate fluid levels Globulins immune function Fibrinogens clotting

o Blood cells come from stem cells in bone marrow [3 minutes] o RBCs = erythrocytes [15 minutes] Carry oxygen Metallo-Protein hemoglobin (contains lots of iron) that ups oxygen carrying capacity Heme part oxygen binds to Shape greater surface area, more gas exchange Oxyhemoglobin has Oxygen bound to heme Carbinohemoglobin has CO2 Hemorrhage lose blood cells, lose ability to transport oxygen Hematocrit percentage of RBC in blood

BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

o THINK! Low iron = tired, WHY? [5-10 minutes] o Leukocytes = White Blood Cells [5-10 minutes] Play a big part in immune system Different kinds (ie macrophages phagocytose foreign invaders) o Platelets [10 minutes] Responsible for clotting blood Tear on wound edges, release chemicals that make plasma (fibrinogens) sticky, cells stick together and form a barrier

BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

Lesson 2 Anatomy of CV system / Structure of Arteries, Veins, Capillaries / direction of flow of blood 150 minutes Heart structure, 2 circuits, flow of blood, Blood vessels MATERIALS: o Class Set of Blood Components Probe o 1 x LCD Microsoft Word Probe Questions o 1 x LCD Answer Key o Class Set of Heart / Circuits Handouts (diagrams to colour) o 1 x Heart Labelling Transparency o 1 x Circuits (Pulmonary and Systemic) Transparency INTRO: Blood Components Probe o 10 minutes: answer questions o 5 minutes: Exchange and correct as a class o 5 minutes: pass back, then pass in POWERPOINT [slide 17-35] ~130 minutes o Video Circulatory System Overview [5 minutes] o Components: Heart, Blood Vessels [5 -10 minutes] Atria on Top receive blood Ventricles on Bottom push blood out Valves prevent backflow!

o REMEMBER RIGHT Vs. LEFT o Routes/Circuits ONE-WAY SYSTEM but TWO CIRCUITS [15-20 minutes] Pulmonary pulmonary arteries takes O2 poor blood from right side of heart to lungs, gas exchange occurs at capillaries / alveoli, pulmonary veins bring O2 rich blood back to Left side of heart Systemic - O2 rich blood leaves left side of heart via Aorta to all over the body, through smaller arteriole,

BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

then capillaries [gas exchange], venules, veins, Inferior & superior Vena Cava, enters Right side of Heart o Valves of the Heart [10-15 minutes] 2 kinds! Prevent backflow when heart contracts AV = Atrio-Ventricular = BETWEEN AN ATRIUM AND VENTRICLE Tricuspid Right side; Tri = 3 flaps; NO OTHER NAME Bicuspid Left Side = Mitral; 2 flaps Crescent / semilunar shape Pulmonary to pulmonary artery Aortic to aorta

Semilunar = between ventricle and arteries

Lub-dub touched on this already, 2 heart beats Valve animation [1 minute] Photographs

o LABEL THE VALVES ask students what A is, reveal, etc [2 minutes] o Flow of Blood [10-15 minutes] Start with blood arriving to right side of the heart through superior and inferior vena cavae, continue tracing path through heart, pulmonary circuit, back through heart, out to body systems mention O2/CO2 levels in blood at each stage o Label Heart/Blood Flow! In Pairs/Individual [5-10 minutes] Label as a class [10 minutes] Leave ventricles, take blood FROM heart NOT ALWAYS O2 RICH!!!!! pulmonary circuit Huge size variation from Aorta to small arterioles Very Elastic swell/stretch when blood is pumped then spring back to original size when heart relaxes o ARTERIES/ARTERIOLES: [10 minutes]

BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

Feeling your pulse = feeling When they bulge Smaller lumen (opening) but larger diameter Why? Greater middle layer of muscle

o VEINS/VENULES: [10 minutes] Take blood too heart (into Atria) NOT ALWAYS O2 POOR!! pulmonary circuit Larger lumen (inside space) than arteries, but much thinner muscle layer Not nearly as elastic cant propel blood on its own Depends on surrounding skeletal muscles to push blood along Also has VALVES to prevent backflow! If valves dont work blood cant move! VARICOSE VEINS! TINY 0.008 mm Lay 10 side by side about the diameter of 1 strand of hair! Only 1 erythrocyte can pass through at a time Walls are 1 cell thick allows for easy diffusion of O2, wastes, nutrients, etc Penetrate almost all tissues Why are they so small and so long??? PICTURE showing 1 erythrocyte in capillary Go over [5 minutes]

o CAPILLARIES: [10-20 minutes]

o Word/ Bloodflow Scramble! [10 minutes] alone!

BIO11 CardioVascular Adrienne Fraser

LESSON 3 75 minutes Conduction, Regulation of Heart Rate & Blood Pressure OXYGEN TRANSPORT VIDEO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eor6EK_JP40 Rest of Circulation PowerPoint Notes Could use Heart Labelling transparency again to point out SA node and how the signal travels LESSON 4 75 minutes + additional time at home if necessary Virtual Cardiology Laboratory MATERIALS: o Computers (either laptops in class or computer lab) Lab can be done as partners or individually o Class Set of Virtual Cardio Lab instructions handout o Website: http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/vlabs/cardiology/ Entire Class is devoted to students doing the lab, although some students may need more time to go home and finish it NOTE: The 3 patients are not always given in the same order so some tests may not be available for all patients Lesson 5 CV Pathologies o Start with a basic overview of heart pathologies (1:49) http://www.medmovie.com/pages/heartproblems.html o Quick class discussion/brainstorm of pathologies (20 minutes) o Introduce Pathology assignment (30 minutes) o Assign partners / let students pick partners o Let them start working / picking the pathologies they are going to do etc.