A STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEES SAFETY AND HEALTH AT RANE MADRAS LIMITED

SUMMER PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by N.VASANTHY REGISTER NO: 27348354 Under the Guidance of Mrs.K.VIDHYA, MBA, M.Phil.
Faculty, Department of Management Studies

in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMNISTRATION

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

SRI MANAKULA VINAYAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE PONDICHERRY UNIVERSITY PUDUCHERRY, INDIA

SEPTEMBER 2007

SRI MANAKULA VINAYAGAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Madagadipet, Puducherry

DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project was entitled A STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF EMPLOYEES SAFETY AND HEALTH is a bonafide record work done by N.VASANTHY [REGISTER NO. 27348354 ] in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Master of Business Administration by Pondicherry university during the academic year 2007 2008.

GUIDE

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Submitted for Viva-voce Examination held on

EXTERNAL EXAMINER
1. 2.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Gratitude is the memory of heart goes the saying; expressing gratitude is always a pleasant duty. I am grateful to thank Dr.V.S.K.Venkatachalapathy, Principal of Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College Puducherry to give me this great opportunity to do my project. I would like to express my sincere thanks to the management of Rane Madras Limited, Puducherry, for providing me a astounding and wonderful corporate exposure. I owe my deep sense of gratitude to Mr.A.Jayakumar, Dy.Manager- HR.& Mr.D.Sekar , Sr.Executive HR., Rane Madras Limited, for providing me a platform to prove my best towards the successful completion of the project. . I also extend my thanks to Mrs.Vidhya, the faculty guide who has a given me moral support to do my project work. I also extend my thankfulness to my beloved Parents and Friends for their continuous encouragement at every moment. I heartfully thank companys staff & employees for their patronage shown to us and giving the best atmosphere in the workplace during the training period. Last but not the least, I thank the entire gentleman who have rendered their assistance in the successful completion of this project

ABSTRACT
This study is an outcome of the title called A study on Effectiveness of Employees Safety and Health with reference to Rane Madras Limited which has undertaken at Rane Madras Limited. Employees Safety and Health look upon prevention of accidents basically as an engineering problem to be tackled through proper designing of mechanical safety devices. In fact, accident prevention and safety are inter related and, therefore require a multi dimensional approach. Its importance has increased because of large-scale industrialization in which human beings are subjected to mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards. . Total population is 369; from that 100 employees were selected using simple random sampling method and a well structured questionnaire was framed in order to extract the required information from the respondents. Questionnaires were collected through personal interview. The various statistical tools like percentage method, chi square test and correlation analysis were used in this study. The findings of the study reveal that major cause for the work place accident is unsafe handling of material. So the vestibule training method can be included in employee training program. Ergonomics method enables better employees safety and health.

TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER LIST OF TABLES LIST OF CHARTS INTRODUCTION 1.1 COMPANY PROFILE 1.2 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 ARTICLES OBJECTIVES RESEARCH METHODOLOGY DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION FINDINGS OF THE STUDY, SUGGESTION&RECOMMENDATIONS CONCLUSIONS SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS ANNEXURE I ANNEXURE II TITLE PAGE NO i ii

II

III IV V VI VII VIII

LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 CONTENT DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR DESINATION DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR GENDER DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR AGE DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR PAGE NO.

EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR ACCIDENT PRONENESS DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR MAJOR REASONS FOR THE WORK PLACE ACCIDENT DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR MAJOR REASONS FOR THE WORKER BASED ACCIDENT DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS LEVEL AT PRESENT DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS THROUGH DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE WORK LOAD IN ORGANISATION DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON ENOUGH TRAINING DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE

5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13

EMPLOYEES INTEREST TO PARTICIPATE IN SUGGESTION 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 SCHEME DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE LEVEL OF PARTICIPATION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON FREQUENCY OF SAFETY TRAINING DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS ENOUGH FIRST AID FACILITIES DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED BASED ON ON THE THE THE

REASONS FOR THE STRESS RELIEF MEASURES

5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22 5.23 5.24

DISTRIBUTION

OF

RESPONDENTS

BASED BASED

ON ON ON

THE THE THE

RECREATIONAL FACILITIES DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS

PRACTICING METHOD OF ERGONOMICS DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED

COUNSELING DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE PRE EMPLOYMENT AND POST EMPLOMENT MEDICAL CHECK DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE APPROACH OF THE ORGANISATION ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESPONDENTS GENDER AND THE RESPONDENTS ACCIDENT PRONENESS ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESPONDENTS PRONENESS AND ENOUGH TRAINING ACCIDENT FOR THE

5.25 5.26

EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EMPLOYEES WORK LOAD AND THE APPROACH OF THE ORGANISATION CORRELATION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN RESPONDENTS AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING AND THE EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION CORRELATION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN RESPONDENTS AWARENESS LEVEL AT PRESENT AND THE COUNSELING

5.27

LIST OF CHARTS
CHART.NO 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 CONTENT RESPONDENTS DESIGNATION RESPONDENTS GENDER RESPONDENTS AGE RESPONDENTS EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION RESPONDENTS ACCIDENT PRONENESS MAJOR REASONS FOR THE WORK PLACE ACCIDENT PAGE NO.

5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 5.20 5.21 5.22

MAJOR CAUSES FOR THE WORKER RELATED ACCIDENT AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING AWARENESS LEVEL AT PRESENT AWARENESS THROUGH EMPLOYEES WORKLOAD ENOUGH TRAINING FOR THE EMPLOYEES EMPLOYEES INTEREST EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION FREQUENCY OF SAFETY TRAINING ENOUGH FIRST AID FACILITIES STRESS RELIEF MEASURES RECREATIONAL FACILITIES PRACTISING METHOD OF ERGONOMICS COUNSELING FOR THE EMPLOYEES MEDICAL CHECK UP APPROACH OF THE ORGANISATION

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 COMPANY PROFILE Rane (Madras) Limited, Puducherry is one of the Rane Group of companies, RML, puducherry was started in 1996 in technical collaboration with M/s TRW, UK. The factory has a total land area of 73008 Sq meters and builds up area of 4025 Sq meters. The plant started with supply manual Rack & Pinion to Maruti Suzuki small 10% share of business. Since then it has then grown significantly. The plant currently manufactures manual Rack & Pinion Steering gear, steering suspension and linkage products for passenger car application. Major Customers include Maruti Suzuki, Tata Motors, Fiat And Ford, Ashok Leyland, Eicher, Hero Honda, Renault, Toyota, TVS Motors Company, Mahindra, Yamaha, Swaraj Masda, Hyundai, Fiat, and Honda. The major overseas customers are CNH UK, DEUTZ Germany, Electro motive USA, HATZ Germany, YAMAHA Asia, and TRW Europe

& USA. Major Suppliers are Hi Tech Engineering puducherry, STM Engineering puducherry, LG forging Chennai, Electroplate Chennai. The plant also supplies Inner Ball joints and Outer Ball joints for Power Rack& Pinion application to Rane TRW Steering Systems. Rane enjoys 100% share of this business in Ford, GM, TATA Motors and 40% share of Hyundai. The plant enter into exports in 2003 by supplying steering gear for M/s SAIPA a joint venture between Kia Motors, Korea and the Iranian Government . the Exports Destination are USA, Mexico, Germany, UK, Italy, Bulgaria, Jordon, Kenya, Taiwan, Iran, Bangladesh, Srilanka, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, Japan. In 2005, the plant started supplying to M/s John Deere US, for their farm utility vehicle. The company had been facing space constraints in view of its growing as exports. The company decided to set up a new Rs. 24- crore facility to manufacture an additional 5.65million pieces, with adequate room for further expansion up to 10 million pieces annually. The company plan to increase the export contribution from the present 18 percent to 25 percent. It will also expand its product range by including hydrostatic steering gear for farm tractors rack & pinion steering gear for electro power steering. Some more Rane group Units are expanding their operation. Rane NSK Steering System limited, which manufactures energy absorbing steering columns, is setting up a production facility at Uttaranchal. Similarly Rane Brake Linings Limited and Rane Engine Values Limited are also contemplating building a new plant in Chennai. MISSION & VALUES Provide superior products and services to our customers and maintain market leadership. Evolve as an institution that serves the best interests of all stakeholders Pursue excellence through total quality management Ensure the highest standards of ethics and integrity in all our actions

VISION To position RML as a global ball joint supplier through customer focus To retain leadership in a domestic steering gear market and penetrate closed export market

RECENT INNOVATION IN RML Anticipating way ahead, the inevitable market force, Rane took initiatives to make investment in a full fledged integrated power Steering facility in collaboration with TRW Inc. USA the leader in the field. This strategic vision is evidenced by strong market presence today with OEMs. RANE COMPANY AND PRODUCT RANGE Rane group comprises of a holding company & 7 manufacturing companies serving different segments. Rane Holdings Limited

(Holding Company). Rane (Madras) Limited

(Manual Steering & Suspension Systems). Rane Engine Valves Limited

(Engine Valves, Valve Guides, Tappets). Rane Brake Linings Limited

(Brake Linings, Disc Pads, Clutch Facings and Composite Brake Blocks). Rane TRW Steering Systems Limited

(Power Steering Systems, Seat Belt Systems). Rane NSK Steering Systems Limited

(Energy Absorbing Steering Columns). Kar Mobiles Limited

(Large Engine Valves for Automotive & Defence Applications). Rane Diecast Limited

(High Pressure Die Casting Products)

TECHNOLOGY Rane group brings to it clientele, the best of technology & Expertise through strategic technical partnership with leaders from around the world World Class Technology

i. TRW Automotive US LLC, Power steering system, Ball Joint Seat belt system, engine values. ii. NSK Japan, Energy absorbing steering columns and Manual RCB SG. FACILITIES Rane group partners with a wide spectrum of auto majors to provide concept to product solution is made possible by manufacturing and testing facilities at each group of companies. 1. MODERN MANUFACTURING FACILITIES Facilities consistently upgraded to meet technological advancements Integrated production lines for all group companies on par with world standards. Ball joint line, Engine value line

2. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES Significant portion of the groups turnover invested in Research and Product development. Simulation techniques and exhaustive testing mechanisms implemented regarded as the industry standards.. CAD CAM SOFTWARE CATIA, IDEAS, ADAMS. QUALITY All divisions of the group are in tune with international quality assurance norms. The Quality Management Systems are further endorsed by the conferment of the Deming prize to three of the group companies.

ACHIEVEMENTS Deming prize

TQM is the foundation. Conferment of Deming prize for three companies is an important milestone. At Rane group pursuing excellence is a continuous journey. Customer Recognitions Some recognition from customers
Rane Engine Valves Ltd

(Deutz, Germany - Supplier Award - 2003) . Rane Engine Valves Ltd (Maruti Udyog Outstanding Overall Excellence 2003-04). Rane TRW Steering Systems Ltd (Steering Gear Division)
( Hyundai

Motor India for Best Co- operation 2004) .

Rane NSK Steering Systems Ltd (Toyota Kirloskar Motor Award for Best Improved Supplier 2005). Rane Engine Valves Ltd
( Tata

Cummins Limited, Best Supplier Award for 2005-06).

HR VISION & INITIATIVES

HRD Vision To stimulate and nurture the intrinsic desire in people to learn, grow and enhance performance to achieve business success and growth. HRD Goals Recruit and retain high caliber employees. Encourage and recognize outstanding merit and contribution. Create opportunities for professional growth and satisfaction. Develop leadership capabilities at all levels. Foster employee involvement and develop a work ethos that builds dignity and pride.

HRD Organization HRD at Rane operates at two levels: . Strategies and Initiatives at the Group level: Specific strategies and initiatives are designed to enable actualization of HRD Goals. Recruitment and Retention At Group Level - Formulates policies, and designs major people development initiatives to enhance professional capability of employees at group level. At Business Unit Level - Companies implement group policies and develop Unit specific interventions

High caliber employees are recruited through well structured process including campus recruitments of Diploma and Graduate Engineers and lateral recruitment of experienced employees. . Recognition and Reward performance is recognized and rewarded through comprehensive

Outstanding

performance assessment development systems aligned to TQM principles and practices. Opportunities for Professional Growth a. Internal candidates first considered for job vacancies, , thereby, providing employees opportunity for lateral & upward growth. b. Professional Knowledge and skills enhanced through continuous education at Rane Institute for Employee Development (RIED) and other reputed academic institutions Specific strategies and initiatives are developed and implemented in each business unit so as to achieve HRD goals. Conclusion To develop a work ethos that will build dignity and pride in our people and enable

them experience a sense of belonging to the organization.

Social responsibilities
Active environment concern a. Thirteen plants accredited to ISO 14001 certification. b. The plant set standards higher than mandated by law to continuously reduce industrial waste and pollutants. Corporate Social Responsibility a. Rane Group contributes to societal causes through a trust. b. All plants involved in development activities in their neighborhood, mainly in the areas of education and health.

1.2 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY The success of any manufacturing organization depends largely on the workers. The employees are considered as the backbone of Rane Madras Limited. The study was mainly undertaken to identify the level of employees Safety & Health measures in the organization. Once the Employees Safety & Health Measures are identified it would be possible for the management to improve the employees safety and health. This study can serve as a basis for measuring causes for the accident in

the workplace. This study can be helpful for the management to identify the key factors for improving employees safety and health with the help of suggestion and conclusion

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION EMPLOYEE SAFETY Since the begging of the present century, employee safety and health problems at work have been engaged attention of the psychologists, sociologists and the industrial engineers. Psychologists are concerned with the theoretical considerations of accident causation and the research into accident control, through proper selection, training and the education of the

employee; and the social and psychological factors that influence the individuals behaviour in general. Engineers and safety officers usually render necessary practical advice on certain aspects of safety in industry. They look upon prevention of accidents basically as an engineering problem to be tackled through proper designing of mechanical safety devices. In fact, accident prevention and safety are inter related and, therefore require a multi dimensional approach. Its importance has increased because of large-scale industrialization in which human beings are subjected to mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards. Besides, modern industry is characterized by complicated mechanisms, intricate job requirements, and fast moving production lines. One of the important consequences of all this is increased dangers of human life, through accidents. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENT AND INDUSTRIAL INJURY The life of the industrial workers is full of risk and hazards. The injuries may be caused as a result of any unsafe activities, or act of their part or chance occurrence or as a result of some unsafe work condition or unsafe act of employees themselves, or defective plant or shop layout, inadequate ventilation , unsafe and insufficient space for movement inside the plant or shop, etc. An industrial accident may be defined as, an occurrence which interferes with the orderly progress of work in an industrial establishment. According to Factories Act of 1948, it is an occurrence in an industrial establishment causing bodily injury to a person for which him unfit to resume his duties in the next 48 hours. In other words it is an unexpected event which is neither expected nor designed to occur . It is always sudden for a gradual process does not constitute an accident. Moreover, the event or occurrence should be something to which a definite time, data and place can be assigned. An industrial injury has been defined as a personal injury to an employee which has been caused by an accident or an occupational disease, and which arise out of ,or in the course of, employment , and which would entitle such employee to compensation under the Workmens Compensation Act , 1923. NATURE OF ACCIDENT The nature of an accident may vary from industry to industry. The employee may fall from a height while engaged on a particular assignment; or he may be caught in a machine while working on it; or he may fall against a machine; or parts of a machine having a

horizontal protruding motion may cause strike against him; or an explosives used carelessly may explode, and injure an employee. Such accidents may result in disablement or death. Disablement- whether partial or total may take a form of a loss of ability to work or to move. Such incapacity may be partial or total. Both types of disablement may be temporary or permanent. A temporary partial disablement reduces the earning capacity of an individual in the employment in which he was engaged when he sustained an injury at the time of accident. Permanent partial disablement reduces his ability to earn an income from any employment which he was capable of undertaking at the time of the accident occurred. Total disablement , on the other hand, is a disablement, whether temporary or permanent, which incapacitates a workman and makes it impossible for him to engage in any work. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT Nature and causes of accident may vary from organization to organization. Basically industrial accidents will arise either due to technical faults or due to human follies or errors. Therefore the causes of accidents may be attributed to work related causes and worker related causes.

1. Work related Causes Unsafe working conditions are the prime causes for any industrial accident and these include all engineering deficiencies. These mainly include improper lighting, inadequate safety devices, polluted work place, poor machine guarding and unsafe and careless housekeeping. These factors will create psychological and physical problems for the workers and will invite industrial accident. 2. Worker related Causes These are human factors responsible for accidents due to their unsafe acts. Lack of adequate skill or knowledge in handling the machine, disturbed mental condition, neglecting safety devices and instruction, using unsafe machine, working at unsafe speed are some of the causes due to which workers become victims as industrial accidents.

PROVISIONS TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS IN WORK PLACE It is important for an organization to ensure safe working conditions in order to prevent accidents at the workplace. In India there are a number of statutory provisions that provide safety working conditions for the workers. The Factories Act secures health, safety, welfare, proper working hours, leave and other benefits for the workers employed in the factories. In other words the act is enacted primarily with the objective to regulate the conditions of work in manufacturing establishments. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH: The term Health is a positive and dynamic concept and implies more than an absence of illness. The W.H.O has defined health as: a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Industrial health refers to a system of public health and preventive medicine which is applicable to industrial concerns. According to the joint I.L.O / W.H.O. committee on organizational health, industrial health is The prevention and maintenance of physical, mental and social well beings of workers in all occupations. Prevention among workers of ill health caused by the working conditions. Protection of workers in their employment from risk resulting from factors adverse to health. Placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physical and psychological equipment. The basic objective of industrial health is the prevention of disease and injury rather than the cure of disease. It involves a programme of health conversation and prevention of occupational diseases. Veil observes that the aim of industrial hygiene is the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well being of the workers; the prevention of factor which make for ill health in their working condition; their protection in their occupation from risks arising from factors which are adverse to the maintenance of health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment which is adapted to his psychological and physiological equipment; and to summaries, the adaptation of work to man and each man on his job.

PREREQUISITES FOR AN EFFECTIVE SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY For a safety and health program to be successful an organization should: Have the support and guidance pf top management in the implementation of safety policy. Educate and train employees about the safety policy and the importance for an organization. Even the workers at the lowest operating level should have a clear understanding 0of the methods and procedures to be followed to ensure safety at the workplace. Make safety and health an important aspect of organizational culture so that it pervades all the functions and the levels of the organization. Appoint a safety director to ensure that the safety programs are progressing in accordance to the set directions. Have a safety engineering process that includes designing of new products, processes and machines, structuring the layout of plants and equipment, providing safety devices for employees working on hazardous jobs, keeping the work place clean, well lit and properly ventilated, maintaining a well designed system for detection, prevention and control of fire, dust fumes, inflammable gases and explosives. Conduct an organization wide audit to ensure the implementation of the safety policy and strict adherence to all the safety rules. Keep a track of the accidents that take place so that they can be avoided in the future.

It is not necessary that all the organization have the above mentioned elements for the implementation of safety policy. However, if they are taken into consideration, accidents can be avoided.

ACCIDENT PREVENTION IN THE WORK PLACE Let us discuss some of the important steps that an organization has to take in implementation safety and health programs to prevent accidents at the workplace and provide a safe working environment for its employees. When an organization is successful in implementing the following steps, the accident rate will be automatically decrease. Educating and training the employees Frequent inspections by the top management Tabulating and analyzing the causes of accidents

Conducting regular employee wellness program Designing mental health program Making the right start and get going Apart from the above mentioned steps it is also the duty of the employer to understand the following issues: Importance of reasonable hours of work Unduly long hours of work can damage an employees health and can result in fatigue and poor concentration. Hence it is important to define the number of hours of work

Rest pauses or breaks in working hours Introduction or rest pauses for short periods can solve the problem of fatigue in a very large measure.

Holidays and leave with pay Adequate provision of holidays and leave with pay to workers can help in reducing absenteeism, stress and labor turnover. At the same time, the provision of excessive holidays is likely to hinder production and increase the financial burden of the organization.

Enforcement and Disciplinary Action If an employee does not adhere to the safety policy being implemented by the organization, the organization should as the first step, educate him on the impending hazards of a careless approach to work. Employees can also be encouraged to implement safety policy by rewarding the units/groups with good safety records. Employees who have been alert in preventing accidents and active in spreading health and safety awareness can also be rewarded. If an employee still fail to heel to safety advice, the next step is to enforce disciplinary action. To enforce safety measures in some organization, employees are either reprimanded or fined and sometimes even discharged if they are found guilty of any serious violation of safety provisions. 2.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE FROM ARTICLES ON EMPLOYEES SAFETY AND HEALTH

2.2.1 Quality and Safety in Health Care Copyright 2005 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. Correspondence to: J B Colla ScD Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, 7251 Strasenburgh Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, USA; Judith.Colla@dartmouth.edu Nine surveys were found that measured the patient safety climate of an organization. All used Likert scales, mostly to measure attitudes of individuals. Nearly all covered five common dimensions of patient safety climate: leadership, policies and procedures, staffing, communication, and reporting. The strength of psychometric testing varied. While all had been used to compare units within or between hospitals, only one had explored the association between organizational climate and patient outcomes. 2.2.2 Relative Effectiveness of Worker Safety and Health Training Methods Michael J. Burke, PhD, Sue Ann Sarpy, PhD, Kristin Smith-Crowe, PhD, Suzanne Chan-Serafin, BA, Rommel O. Salvador, MBA and Gazi Islam, BA As training methods became more engaging (i.e., requiring trainees active participation), workers demonstrated greater knowledge acquisition, and reductions were seen in accidents, illnesses, and injuries. All methods of training produced meaningful behavioral performance improvements.

2.2.3 The Ecology of Work and Health: Research and Policy Directions for the Promotion of Employee Health Daniel Stokols, PhD ,Kenneth R. Pelletier, PhD, MD ,Jonathan E. Fielding, MD, MPH, MBA This article identifies new research and policy directions for the field of worksite health in the context of the changing workplace. These directions are viewed from an ecological perspective on worksite health and are organized around three major themes: (1) the joint influence of physical and social environmental factors on occupational health, (2) the effects of non occupational settings (e.g., households, the health care system) on employee well-being and the implications of recent changes in these settings for worksite health programs, and (3) methodological issues

in the design and evaluation of worksite health programs. Developments in these areas suggest that the field of worksite health may be undergoing a fundamental paradigm shift away from individually oriented wellness programs (provided at the worksite and aimed primarily at changing employees' health behavior) and toward broader formulations emphasizing the joint impact of the physical and social environment at work, job-person fit, and work policies on employee well-being.

CHAPTER III
OBJECTIVES
To study and analyze the effectiveness of Employee Safety and Health at Rane Madras Limited. To trace the causes of accident in the work place. To study to which extent employees are practicing safety and health in the real work

situation. To assess the management commitment towards employees safety and health. To suggest suitable measures for improving employees safety and health.

CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH Research is a process in which the researcher wishes to find out the end result for a given problem and thus the solution helps in future course of action. The research has been defined as A careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new fact in any branch of knowledge.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The procedure using, which researchers go about their work of describing, explaining and predicting phenomena, is called Methodology. Methods compromise the procedures used for generating, collecting, and evaluating data. Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation. TYPES OF RESEARCH The type of research used in this project is descriptive in nature. Descriptive research is essentially a fact finding related largely to the present, abstracting generations by cross sectional study of the current situation .The descriptive methods are extensively used in the physical and natural science, for instance when physics measures, biology classifies, zoology dissects and geology studies the rock. But its use in social science is more common, as in socio economic surveys and job and activity analysis. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH AIMS AT To portray the characteristics of a particular individual situation or group(with or without specific initial hypothesis about the nature of this characteristics). To determine the frequency with which something occurs or with which it is associated with something else( usually , but not always ,with a specific initial hypothesis). The descriptive method has certain limitation; one is that the research may make description itself an end itself. Research is essentially creative and demands the discovery of facts on order to lead a solution of the problem. A second limitation is associated whether the statistical techniques dominate. The desire to over emphasis central tendencies and to fact in terms of Average, Correlation, Means and dispersion may not always be either welcome. This limitation arises because statistics which is partly a descriptive tool of analysis can aid but not always explain casual relation. DESIGN OF DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES: Descriptive studies aim at portraying accurately the characteristics of a particular group or solution. One may under take a descriptive study about the work in the factory,

health and welfare. A descriptive study may be concerned with the right to strike, capital punishment, prohibition etc. A descriptive study involves the following steps: 1. Formulating the objectives of the study . 2. Defining the population and selecting the sample . 3. Designing the method of data collection . 4. Analysis of the data . 5. Conclusion and recommendation for further improvement in the practices. RESEARCH DESIGN Research design is the specification of the method and procedure for acquiring the information needed to solve the problem. The research design followed for this research study is descriptive research design where we find a solution to an existing problem. The problem of this study is to find the effectiveness of Employees Safety & Health at Rane Madras Limited. UNIVERSE AND SAMPLING: This study was restricted to the blue collar employees. Out of the universe of 369 blue collars, a sample of 100 respondents was selected by simple random sampling method. All the opinions expressed herein are the contribution by the respondents only.

DATA COLLECTION METHOD Survey method is considered the best method for data collection and the tool used for data collection are Questionnaire. Private individuals, research workers, private and public organizations and even government are adopting it. In this method a questionnaire is collected through personal interview. A questionnaire consists of a number of question involves both specific and general question related to Employees Safety & Health.

SOURCES OF DATA The two sources of data collection are namely primary & secondary.

Primary data Primary data are fresh data collected through survey from the employees using

questionnaire. etc. Secondary data Secondary data are collected from books, internet and various journals, magazines

STATISTICAL TOOLS USED PERCENTAGE METHOD In this project percentage method test and used. The following are the formula Percentage of Respondent = No. of Respondent Total no. of Respondent CHI - SQUARE Analysis In this project chi- square test was used. This test is used to test significance of association between two attributes. Chi- square, symbolically written as 2 (pronounce as Ki- square), is a statistical measure used in the context of sampling analysis for comparing a variance to a theoretical variance. Formula for finding chi square is 2 = x 100

(O-E)2/ E

In this study chi-square is to find the association between respondents gender and respondents accident proneness, respondents accident proneness and enough training for the employees & employees work load and the approach of the organization .

CORRELATION ANALYSIS Correlation Analysis is a statistical technique used to measure the magnitude of

linear relationship between two variables. Correlation Analysis is not used in isolation to describe the relationship between variables. To analyze the relation between two variables, two prominent correlation coefficient are used the Pearson product correlation

coefficient and Spearmans rank correlation coefficient . In this study the Pearson product correlation coefficient is used to find the correlation coefficient between respondents awareness level at the time of joining with employees participation in suggestion scheme & respondents awareness level at present and the counseling . This is also known as simple correlation coefficient and is denoted by r.The r value ranges from -1, through 0, to +1.It is calculated using the formula r

xy / x2. y2

CHAPTER: V
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR DESIGNATION Table No. : 5.1 S.NO. DESIGNATION No. Of Respondent PERCENTAGE

1 2 3 4 5

Apprentice Temporary trainees Operators Contract Labour Executives Total 0perating

11 31 31 15 12 100

11 31 31 15 12 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 11% of the respondents are Apprendice.31% of the respondents are Temporary operating trainees.31% of the respondents are Operators. 15% of the respondents are Contract labours and 12% of the respondents are Executives. CHART No. :5.1
Respondent Designation
40

30

20

Percent

10

0 A pperendice Operators Contract labours Executives Temporary operating

Respondent Designation

DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR GENDER Table No. : 5.2 S.NO. 1 2 Gender Male Female Total No. of Respondents 75 25 100 Percentage (%) 75 25 100

INFERENCE From the table it is inferred that 75% of the respondents are Male and 25% of the respondents are Female.

CHART No. : 5.2

Respondents Gender
80

60

40

Percent

20

0 Male Female

Respondents Gender

DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR AGE Table No. : 5.3 S.NO. 1. 2 3 4. 5. Age <25 26-30 31-35 36-40 >40 Years No. Of Respondents 54 21 22 3 Percentage (%) 54 21 22 3 -

Total

100

100

INFERENCE From the above table it was inferred that 54% of the respondents are above 25 years. . 22% of the respondents belong to the age group of 31-35 and the remaining 24% of the respondents belong to the age group of 26-30 and 36-40.

CHART No.: 5.3

Respondents Age
60

50

40

30

20

Percent

10

0 < 25 Years 26 - 30 Y ears 31 - 35 Y ears 36 - 40 Y ears

Respondents Age

DISTRIBUTION OF REPONDENTS BY THEIR EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION Table No. : 5.4 S.NO. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION SSLC/HSC ITI Diploma Graduation Post-Graduation Total NO. RESPONDENTS 47 16 17 17 3 100 OF PERCENTAGE 47 16 17 17 3 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 47% of the respondents have an educational qualification of SSLC/HSC. 16% of the respondents have an educational qualification of ITI. 49%of the respondents have an educational qualification of Diploma and Graduation and the remaining 3% are post graduation. CHART No. :5.4

Respondents Educational qualification

50

40

30

20

Percent

10

0 SSLC/HSC ITI Diploma Graduation Post Graduation

Respondents Educational qualification

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR ACCIDENT PRONENESS Table No. : 5.5 S.NO. 1 2. Accident proneness Yes No Total No. Respondents 22 78 100 of Percentage 22 78 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 22% of the respondents have accident

proneness and 78% of the respondents have no accident proneness CHART No. : 5.5

Respondents Accident Proneness

Yes

No

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR MAJOR REASONS FOR THE WORK PLACE ACCIDENT Table No. : 5.6 S.NO. 1 2 Work Place Accident Work based Worker based Total 11 89 100 11 89 100 No. of Respondents Percentage

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 11% of the work place accidents owing to work and the remaining 89% of work place accidents owing to workers.

CHART No. : 5.6

Major reasons for the work place accident

100

80

60

40

Percent

20

0 Work Based Worker Based

Major reasons for the work place accident

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BY THEIR MAJOR REASONS FOR THE WORKER BASED ACCIDENT Table No. : 5.7 S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 Worker Based Accident Lack of adequate skill Neglecting safety devices Unsafe material handling Disturbed mental condition Unsafe speed Total No. of Respondents 1 7 78 6 8 100 Percentage 1 7 78 6 8 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 78% of the worker based accidents due to

unsafe material handling. 8% of the worker based accidents due to unsafe speed and the remaining 14% of the worker based accidents due to lack of adequate skill, Neglecting safety devices, Disturbed mental condition.

CHART No. : 5.7

Major causes for the worker related accident

100

80

60

40

Percent

20

0 Lack of adequate ski Unsaf e material hand Unsaf e speed Neglecting saf ety de Disturbed mental con

Major causes for the worker related accident

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING Table No. : 5. 8 S.No. 1 2 3 4 5 Awareness level at No. the time of joining Very High High Low Very Low None Total Respondents 1 25 6 51 17 100 of Percentage 1 25 6 51 17 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that awareness of 1% of respondents have very high

at the time of joining 25% of respondents have high awareness at the time of joining and the remaining 74% of respondents have low, very low and no awareness at the time of joining . CHART No. : 5.8.

Awareness level at the time of joining

60

50

40

30

20

Percent

10

0 Very high High Low Very low None

Awareness level at the time of joining

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS AT PRESENT Table No. : 5.9 S.No. 1 2. Awareness level at No. present Yes No Total Respondents 96 4 100 of Percentage 96 4 100

INFERENCE

From the above table it is inferred that 96% of the respondents have awareness at present and 4 % of the respondents have no awareness at present.

CHART No. : 5.9

Awareness level at present
120

100

80

60

40

Percent

20

0 Yes No

Awareness level at present

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THEIR SIGNIFICANT AWARENESS THROUGH Table No. : 5.10 S.No. 1 2 3 4 Awareness Through Motion Pictures Written brouchers Colleagues Manager in Person Total No. Respondents 59 5 9 27 100 of Percentage 59 5 9 27 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 59% of the respondents acquired the

knowledge through motion pictures, 27% of the respondents through manager in person and the remaining 14% of the respondents through written brouchers, colleagues. CHART No. : 5.10

Awareness through
70 60 50 40 30 20

Percent

10 0 Motion pictures Written brouchers colleagues Manager in person

Awareness through

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE WORK LOAD IN ORGANISATION Table No. : 5.11 S.No 1 2 Acceptable Level Of No. Work Load Yes No Total Respondents 58 42 100 of Percentage 58 42 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 58% of the respondents have satisfactory level of work load in the organization and the remaining 42% have unsatisfactory level of work load.

CHART No. : 5.11

Employees work load

60

50

40

30

20

Percent

10 0 Yes No

Employees work load

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON ENOUGH TRAINING Table NO. :5. 12 S.NO. Enough Regarding 1 2 Training No. of Percentage Employees Respondents 36 64 100 36 64 100

Safety an Health Yes No Total

INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that 36% 0f the respondents said that they get enough training regarding employees safety and health and 64% 0f the respondents opposed this. CHART NO. : 5.12

Enough training for the employees

70 60 50 40 30 20

Percent

10 0 Yes No

Enough training for the employees

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE EMPLOYEES INTEREST TO PARTICIPATE IN SUGGESTION SCHEME Table No. : 5.13 S.No. 1 2 Employee interest Yes No Total No. Respondents 92 8 100 of Percentage 92 8 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that 92% 0f the respondents have interest to participate in suggestion scheme regarding employees safety and health and 8% of the respondents have no interest.

CHART No. : 5.13

Employees interest
100

80

60

40

Percent

20

0 Yes No

Employees interest

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE EMPLOYEES LEVEL OF PARTICIPATION IN THE IMPLEMENTATION Table No.: 5. 14 S.No. Employees level of No. participation implementation 1 2 3 4 5 Very High High Low Very Low None Total 6 26 5 26 37 100 6 26 5 26 37 100 in Respondents of Percentage

INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that participation level of 6% 0f the respondents have very high ,26% 0f the respondents have high and the remaining 68% 0f the respondents

have low, very low and no participation. CHART No. : 5.14

Employees participation
40

30

20

Percent

10

0 Very high High Low Very low None

Employees participation

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE FREQUENCY OF SAFETY TRAINING Table No. : 5.15 S.No. 1 2 3 Frequency of safety training Weekly Monthly Yearly Total No. of Respondents 16 21 63 100 16 21 63 100 Percentage

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 16% of the respondents said that every week safety training conducted in the organization. 21% of the respondents said that every month safety training conducted in the organization and 63 % of the respondents said that every year safety training conducted in the organization.

CHART No. : 5.15

Frequency of safety training

70 60 50 40 30 20

Percent

10 0 Weekly Monthly Yearly

Frequency of safety training

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE ENOUGH FIRST AID FACILITIES Table No. : 5.16 S.No. 1 2 First Aid Facilities Yes No Total No. Respondents 34 66 100 34 66 100 of Percentage

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 34% of the respondents states that they have enough first aid facilities and 66% of the respondents states that they have insufficient first aid facilities . CHART No. : 5.16

Enough First aid Facilities

34 Yes No 66

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE REASONS FOR THE STRESS RELIEF MEASURES Table No. : 5.17 S.No. Stress Relief Measures No. Respondents 1 2 3 4 Reasonable hours of work Rest pauses Holidays and leave with pay Appreciating employees for their work Total INFERENCE From the above table it is found that for the stress relief measures 15% of the respondents have reasonable hours of work, 20% of the respondents have rest pauses,26% of 39 100 39 100 20 26 20 26 15 of Percentage 15

the respondents have holidays and leave with pay and 39% of the respondents have appreciating employees for their work. CHART No. : 5.17
Stress relief Measures
50

40

30

20

Percent

10

0 Reasonable hours of Holidays and leave w Apperciating employe Rest pauses or break

Stress relief Measures

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE RECREATIONAL FACILITIES Table No. : 5.18 S.No. 1 2 Recreational facilities Yes No Total No. Respondents 46 54 100 of Percentage 46 54 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 46% of respondents state that they have recreational facilities and 54% of respondents state that they have no recreational facilities.

CHART No. : 5.18

Recreational facilities

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE PRACTICING METHOD OF ERGONOMICS Table No. : 5.19 S.No. The Practicing method 1 2 Ergonomics Yes No Total 2 98 100 2 98 100 No. Respondents of Percentage

INFERENCE From the above table it is found that 2% of the respondents said that they are practicing the method of Ergonomics and 98% of the respondents said that they are not practicing the method of Ergonomics.

CHART No. : 5.19

Practicing method of Ergonomics

Yes

No

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE COUNSELING Table No. : 5.20 S.No. 1 2 Counseling Yes No Total No. Respondents 7 93 100 of Percentage 7 93 100

INFERENCE From the above table it is evident that 7% of the respondents said that they have counseling for the employees concerning personal and technical problems and 93% of the respondents opposed this. CHART No. : 5.20

Counseling for the employees

Yes

No

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE PRE EMPLOYMENT AND POST EMPLOYMENT MEDICAL CHECK Table No. : 5.21 S.No. 1 2 Medical check Yes No Total INFERENCE From the above table it is inferred that 37% of the respondents states that they have pre employment and post employment medical check and 63% of the respondents opposed this. CHART No. : 5.21 No. Respondents 37 63 100 of Percentage 37 63 100

Medical check up

Yes

No

DISTRIBUTION OF RESPONDENTS BASED ON THE APPROACH OF THE ORGANIZATION Table No. : 5.22 S.No. Approach organization 1 2 3 4 Flexible People oriented Transparent Production Oriented Total of the No. Respondents 17 15 32 36 100 17 15 32 36 100 of Percentage

INFERENCE From the above table it is found that 17% of the respondents feels flexible towards the approach of the organization. 15% of the respondents feels the approach of the organization as people oriented. 32% of the respondents feels Transparent towards the approach of the organization and 36% of the respondents feels the approach of the organization as production oriented.

CHART No. : 5.22

Approach of the organisation

40

30

20

Percent

10

0 Flexible Transperant People orientad Production oriented

Approach of the organisation

Table No. : 5.23 ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE TO FIND THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESPONDENTS GENDER AND THE RESPONDENTS ACCIDENT PRONENESS Observed count Accident S.No. Gender proneness Total 1 2 Male Female Total Yes 14 8 22 No 61 17 78 75 25 100

Expected count

Accident S.No. Gender proneness Total Yes 16.5 5.5 22.0 No 58.5 19.5 78.0

1 2

Male Female Total

75.0 25.0 100

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between respondents gender and the respondents accident proneness.

Chi- square O 14 8 61 17 E 16.5 5.5 58.5 19.5 (O-E)2 6.25 6.25 6.25 6.25 (O-E)2/ E 0.378 1.136 0.106 0.320 2 (O-E) / E =1.94

Degrees of Freedom = 1 Tabulated Value for 2 for 1 degree of freedom @ 5% level of Significance is 3.841 Calculated Value < Tabulated Value

Therefore HO is accepted. INFERENCE

There is significant association between respondents gender and the respondents accident proneness

Table No. : 5.24 ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE TO FIND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RESPONDENTS ACCIDENT PRONENESS AND ENOUGH TRAINING FOR THE EMPLOYEES Observed count Enough training S.No. Accident Proneness Yes 1 2 Yes No Total 7 29 36 No 15 49 64 22 78 100 for the employees Total

Expected count

Enough training S.No. Accident Proneness Yes 1 2 Yes No Total 7.9 28.1 36.0 No 14.1 49.9 64.0 22 78 100 for the employees Total

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between respondents accident proneness and enough training for the employees Chi- square O 7 29 15 49 E 7.9 28.1 14.1 49.9 (O-E)2 0.81 0.81 0.81 0.81 (O-E)2/ E 0.1025 0.0288 0.057 0.016 2 (O-E) / E = 0.2043

Degrees of Freedom = 1 Tabulated Value for 2 for 1degree of freedom @ 5% level of Significance is 3.841 Calculated Value < Tabulated Value Therefore HO is accepted INFERENCE

There is a significant association between respondents accident proneness and enough training for the employees.

Table No. : 5.25 ANALYSIS USING CHI-SQUARE TO FIND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EMPLOYEES WORK LOAD AND THE APPROACH OF THE ORGANIZATION

Observed count S. Acceptable work load 1 2 Yes No Total Approach of the organization Flexible Transparent People Production oriented 11 6 17 12 3 15 15 17 32 20 16 36 58 42 100 Total No. level of

Expected count Approach of the organization S. Acceptable Flexible Transparent People Production oriented 9.9 7.1 17 8.7 6.3 15 18.6 13.4 32 20.9 15.1 36 58 42 100 Total work load 1 2 Yes No Total No. level of

Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference between the employees work load and the approach of the organization. Chi- square O 11 6 12 3 15 17 20 16 E 9.9 7.1 8.7 6.3 18.6 13.4 20.9 15.1 (O-E)2 1.21 1.21 10.89 10.89 12.96 12.96 0.81 0.81 (O-E)2/ E 0.122 0.170 1.251 1.728 0.696 0.967 0.038 0.053 2 (O-E) / E = 5.025

Degrees of Freedom = 2 Tabulated Value for 2 for 2 degree of freedom @ 5% level of Significance is 5.991 Calculated Value < Tabulated Value Therefore HO is accepted INFERENCE There is a significant association between the employees work load and the approach of the organization.

TABLE No. : 5.26 ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION COEFFICIENT TO FIND CORRELATION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN RESPONDENTS AWARENESS LEVEL AT THE TIME OF JOINING AND THE EMPLOYEES PARTICIPATION

Let, X be the respondents awareness level at the time of joining Y be the employees participation in suggestion scheme

X 1 25 6 51 17

Y 6 26 5 26 37

x -19 5 -14 31 -3

x2 361 25 196 961 9 2 x =1552

y y2 xy -14 196 266 6 36 30 -15 225 210 6 36 186 17 289 -51 2 y = 782 xy=641

= =

xy x2. y2
641

1552*782
r = 0.5816

INFERENCE The value of r indicates that is a positive correlation exist between two variables, respondents awareness level at the time of joining and the employees participation. Hence it can be concluded that as the awareness level increases, employees participation in suggestion also increases.

TABLE No. : 5.27 ANALYSIS USING CORRELATION COEFFICIENT TO FIND THE CORRELATION COEFFICIENT BETWEEN RESPONDENTS

AWARENESS LEVEL AT PRESENT AND THE COUNSELING

Let, X be the respondents awareness level at present Y be the counseling

X 7 93

Y 96 4

x -43 43

x2 1849 1849 2 x = 3698

y 46 -46

y2 xy 2116 -1978 2116 -1978 2 y = 4232 xy=3956

= =

xy x2. y2
3956

3698 *4232
r INFERENCE The value of r indicates that a high degree of positive correlation exist between two variables, respondents awareness level at present and the counseling.

=1

CHAPTER VI
FINDINGS OF STUDY
It is found that 31% of the respondents are Temporary operating trainees.31% of the respondents are Operators. It is evident that most of the respondents are Male. It is found that 54% of the respondents are above 25 years. It is found that 47% of the respondents have an educational qualification of SSLC/HSC. It is evident that majority of the respondents have no accident proneness. It is found that most of work place accidents owing to workers. It is found that 78% of the worker based accidents due to unsafe material handling. It is found that 51% of the respondents have no awareness concerning Employees Safety & Health at the time of joining. It is astonished that at present majority of the respondents have awareness concerning Employees Safety & Health. It is evident that 59% of the respondents acquired the knowledge regarding Employees Safety & Health through motion pictures. It is found that 58% of the respondents have satisfactory level of work load in the organization. It is found that 64% of the respondents have no sufficient training about Employees Safety & Health. It is evident that 92% of the respondents have interest to participate in suggestion

scheme regarding employees safety and health. It is found that participation level of 37% of the respondents participation level is none. It is found that 63 % of the respondents states that every year safety training is conducted in the organization. It is evident that most of the respondents states that they have inadequate first aid facilities.

It is found that 39% of the respondents states appreciating employees for their work as a stress relief measure. It is evident that 54% of respondents state that they have no recreational facilities. It is found that 98% of the respondents said that they are not practicing the method of Ergonomics. It is found that 92% of the respondents said that they have no counseling for the employees pertaining to personal and technical problems. It is found that 63% respondents states that they have no pre employment and post employment medical check. It is evident that most of the respondents feels that the organization approach is mainly towards production.

SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The major cause for the workplace accidents that occur in the organization is unsafe handling of material. So the vestibule training method can be included in employee training program. The frequency of safety training for the employees on safety and health can be altered to monthly once instead of yearly twice. Proper maintaining of adequate First aid facilities should be ensured. The rest roam should be reconstructed with sufficient space and the sports center facility can also be extended to temporary labours. Ergonomics method should be followed. In an ergonomic workplace tools are designed to fit individual capabilities and limitation so that people can do their job without being injured. Work environment causes number of problems, counseling enables to overcome personal and technical problems. A careful Pre employment and Post employment medical check up can also be extended to temporary labours.

CHAPTER VII
CONCLUSIONS
This analysis will give a clear idea as to the situation of a large number of accidents that occur in the organization and the steps that an organization should take to reduce these accidents and to prevent them from occurring in future. Some of the suggested measures for improving employees safety and health include vestibule training method, first aid facilities, recreational facilities, counseling program, pre employment and post employment medical check up for improving the effectiveness of employees safety and health. The findings of the survey will be utilized to bring about the necessary changes in Employees Safety & Health procedures in the company. The above concept could be better envisaged to bring about the better safety and health for the employees by inculcating the concept of Ergonomics.

CHAPTER VIII
SCOPE FOR THE FURTHER STUDY
The project throws light on the need for learning Employees Safety & Health.

The project was developed based on the employees expectation.

It will be helpful for the management to improve the Employees Safety & Health measures in the organization.

This study would be a base for the researchers who are carry survey for the same.

The study also helps the concern for the further enhancement for their manufacturing with employees safety & health by elaborating the current survey.

LIMITATIONS
The study is based upon the small population size of 100 samples at Rane

Madras Limited.

Data were only collected from shop- floor employees

Time available for this research work was a limiting factor.

The study is based on the effectiveness of Employees Safety & Health measures. It does not explore the pros and corns on the side of employers.

ANNEXURE I
BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS
1. Mamoria, C.B., Gankar, s.v., Personnel Management, Himalaya publishing House, Mumbai. 2. Bolley, J.W., A Guide to Effective Industrial Safety, Gulf Publishing House, Texas, 1977. 3. Kothari, C.R., Research Methodology , New Age International (p) Ltd., Publishers , New Delhi, 1985 4. Human Resource Management, The ICFAI Center for Management Research, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad.

WEB SITES
1. www.rane.co.in

2. 3. 4. 5. 6

www/Managementhelp.org/ www.hrcouncil.co www.zeromillion .com/business/personnel Judith.colla@dartmouth.edu mburkel@tunlane.edu

ANNEXURE II
QUESTIONNAIRE
A Study on Effectiveness of Employees Safety and Health at Rane (Madras) Limited Puducherry I. PERSONAL DETAILS 1. Department 2. Designation : 3. Gender 4. Age a. < 25 yrs 5. Marital status a. Married : : b.26-30 yrs c. 31-35 yrs d.36-40 yrs e. > 40yrs : b. Unmarried :

6 Educational Qualification a. SSLC/HSC b. ITI c. Diploma d. Graduation e. Post Graduation 7. Work Category a. Technical 8. a. < 1 yrs b. 2-4 yrs b. Non- Technical c.5-7 yrs d. 8-10 yrs e.>10 yrs Total Work Experience

II. CAUSES OF ACCIDENT 9. Do you have accident proneness (fear)? a. Yes b No

10. If Yes, specific reason a. Personal problems b. Technical problem c. Environmental Problems

11. The major reasons for the Work place accident a. Work Based b. Worker Based

12. The major reasons for Work related accident that occur in the organization a. Improper lighting e. Polluted work place f. Inadequate Safety Devices b. Unsafe & careless house keeping c. Improper Ventilation d. If others mention 13 what are the worker based causes for the accident that occur in the accident a. Lack of adequate skill b. Neglecting safety devices c. Unsafe material handling d. Others Mention III. EMPLOYEES COMMITMENT 14. Is Good safety& health measures to work and individual recognition is need for improving work efficiency a. Strongly agree b. Agree c. Neither agree nor disagree 15. At the time of joining, your awareness level of Employees safety & health measures? d. Disagree e .Strongly disagree e. Disturbed mental condition f. Unsafe speed

a. Very High

b. High

c. Low

d. Very low

e. None

16. At present, do you aware of Employees Safety & Health measures? a. Yes b. No

17. If Yes, through which a. Motion Pictures b. written brouchers c. colleagues d. Manager in person

18. Is your work load is acceptable in the organization? a. Yes b. No

19. If No, to what extent a. Heavy b. very Heavy

20. How would you rate your job? a. Challenging b. Interesting c. Creative IV. MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT 21. Do you receive support from the management regarding Employees Safety & Health? a. Yes b. No d. poor

22. Do you get enough training from the company regarding Employees Safety & Health? a. Yes b. No

23. Are the companys Safety & Health policies flexible and acceptable to you? a. Yes b. No 24. If No, specify reason 25. Are you interested to participate in suggestion scheme in Employees safety & Health? a. Yes b. No

26. Your level of participation in the implementation of Safety & Health Procedures in your organization a. Very High b. High c. Low d. Very low e. None

27. The frequency of safety training conducted in the organization a. Weekly 28. If so, a. Once b. Twice c. Thrice b. Monthly c. Yearly

29. Do you have frequent inspection by the top management? a. Yes b. No

30. How do you feel about the approach from the organization? a. Flexible b. Transparent V. MEASURES 31 Do you have enough First aid facilities in case of accident? a. Yes b. No c. People oriented d. Product oriented

32. Find the reasons for Stress relief measures a. Reasonable hours of work b. Rest Pauses or break in working hours c. Holidays and leave with pay d. Appreciating employees for their work 33. Does the company provide recreational facilities? a. Yes b. No

34. If Yes, What type of facilities a. T.V d. Sports b. News papers or magazines c. Light music

35. The frequency of accidents is high in the organization during a .First Shift b .Second Shift c .Third Shift d. None 36. Do you think the particular type of accident that occur frequently in your work place a. Yes b. No 37. If Yes Specify reason

38. Are they conducting safety contest? a. Yes b. No

39. Is your practicing method of work is based on Ergonomics (designing tools and work based on the capabilities & limitation of work)? a. Yes b. No

40. Are they giving counseling for the employees? a. Yes b. No

41. Is your organization carefully conducting pre- employment and post- employment medical check up? a. Yes b. No