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Heart chamber
Heart chamber is a general term used to refer to any chambers of the mammalian heart. The heart consists of four chambers: the right and left atrium and the right and left ventricle. The top chambers are connected to the bottom chambers by valves and are separated by the coronary sulcus. The left and right side of the heart are separated by the posterior interventricular sulcus.
Heart chamber
Valves
Each heart chamber includes valves vital to the efficiency of the circulatory system. These valves open to allow the blood to flow in the right direction into, within, or out of the heart, and close to prevent the backflow of blood. There are four main valves that allow the chambers of the heart to carry out their function efficiently and they relax and contract during a heartbeat.
Ventricle Structure
The two ventricles are separated by a septum into the left ventricle and the right ventricle. [3] The ventricles of the heart are muscular chambers because they are responsible for propelling blood out of the heart.[4] The left ventricle is the thickest of the four chambers because it is the final chamber that oxygenated blood must be pumped through before it is distributed throughout the body via the circulatory system. The ventricles are also larger in size compared to the atria.
Atria Structure
The right atrium contains the sinoatrial node which sends an impulse throughout the heart causing the cardiac muscle of the atrium to contract in a coordinated, wave-like manner. [5] Since the atria are thin-walled and much less muscular than the ventricles, they are able to easily expand with the addition of blood. The forces of contraction are much weaker within the atria as a result. The contraction is strong enough, however to force 1/4 of the total blood volume entering into the ventricles.[6] The rest of the blood enters the atria passively.
Heart chamber
Image Gallery
Another illustration to show the direction of blood flow and the related valves.
References
[1] Martini, F.H., Timmons, M.J., & Tallitsch, R. B. (2012). Human Anatomy (7,th ed.). United States of America: Pearson Education Inc. [2] Martini, F.H., Timmons, M.J., & Tallitsch, R. B. (2012). Human Anatomy (7,th ed.). United States of America: Pearson Education Inc. [3] Baily, R. Ventricles of the Heart. retrieved from http:/ / biology. about. com/ od/ anatomy/ ss/ ventricles. htm [4] Fogoros, R.N., (2003). The Hearts Chambers and Valves. retrieved from http:/ / heartdisease. about. com/ cs/ starthere/ a/ chambersvalves. htm [5] Heart Anatomy. Retrieved from http:/ / www. cardioconsult. com/ Anatomy/ [6] Sivasubramanian, M., (1997). The Atrium. retrieved from http:/ / www. heartdiseaseonline. com/ aa/ aa040697. htm
External links
Heart Disease (http://www.heart.org.in/) Heart Animation (http://www.hybridmedicalanimation.com/work/animation/hybrid-interactive-heart/) See the heart chambers at work. American Heart Association (http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/The) Heart Anatomy (http://www.nucleusinc.com/animation2.php) Interactive animation. Ventricular Septal Defect (http://www.emedicinehealth.com/ventricular_septal_defect/article_em.htm)
License
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/