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INTERNSHIP REPORT ON PTCL

Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited PREPARED BY

UMER FARID
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

FEDERAL URDU UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD

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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgment

Departments NGN IGE TRANSMISSION OMC

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PREFACE
This report is the practical part of the most vital practice of our ELECTRONICS ENGINEERIMG program. The sole objective is to familiarize the student with the practical manipulation of engineering organization.

This report has been written to know how big organizations like PTCL manage their technical teams to achieve their common goals. In this report I have briefly explained, the technical values , then the mission, values, occasion to enable me to write this report. different services and different strategies of the organization have been explained.

In the re[port I explained four departments briefly . Experience while working in the PTCL as internee is explained. My major recommendation is this: PTCL should improve my technical skills especially establish internal performance.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Almighty Allah who is most merciful, and who give me strength to write this internship report in a different way.

I extend my heartiest thanks to my seniors, colleagues, and subordinates who assist me on every occasion to enable me to write this report.

My parents, classmates, friends come next in the list of those whom I have to thank.

I pay special homage to the following persons.

Engr Muhammad Sohail Engineer Operations. Engr Muhammad Khalid (NGN) Engr Maqsood (NGN) Engr Muhammad javeed (IGE) Engr Rasheed (Transmission

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NGN
Next Generation Network Outline
Introduction to NGN Standard Progress NGN Architecture IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) WiMAX+ IMS Conclusion

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What is an NGN?
< ITU-T Recommendation Y.2001 (12/2004) -General overview of NGN> A Next Generation Network (NGN) is a packet-basednetwork able to provide Telecommunication Services to users and able to make use of multiple broadband, QoS-enabledtransport technologies and in which service-related functionsare independentof the underlying transport-related technologies.

It enables unfettered access for users to networks and to competing service providers and services of their choice.

It supports generalisedmobilitywhich will allow consistent and ubiquitous provision of services to users.

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Key Characteristics
Separation between services and transport QoSto IP-based transport Innovative service provision Flexibility for users to select services Mobility between fixed and mobile systems

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ITU-T SG13
NGN JRG (Joint RapporteurGroup,07/2003~06/2004) Recommendations Y.2001 and Y. 2011

FGNGN (06/2004~11/2005) ETSI(TISPAN), ATIS, CCSA, TTA, TTC, GSC FGNGN Release 1

ITU NGN-GSI
Global Standards Initiative (01/2006~) to address the market needs for NGN standards to produce global standards for NGN to further strengthen the ITU-Ts leading role amongst the groups in NGN standard work to keep visibility of the work spread between different technical groups in ITU-T

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ETSI TISPAN
TISPAN = TIPHON + SPAN TISPAN specializes in fixed networks & Internet convergence and deals with fixed networks and migration from circuit switched networks to packet-based networks. Telecoms & Internet converged Services & Protocols for Advanced Networks Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks Services and Protocols for Advanced Networks

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TISPAN Architecture

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FGNGN Release 1

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FGNGN R1 Services

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IMS
The IMS is a set of core network functional entities and interfaces used by a network service provider to offer SIPbasedservice to subscribers.

The IMS provides a complete and robust multimedia system with specific profiles and enhancements that support operator control, charging, billingand security.

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The IMS provides users an improved experience with generalized mobility, managed QoS, single-sign-on security, and customer support.

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IMS Features
It decouples service provision from transport, provides open interfaces, and supports a wide range of services, applications, and mechanisms based on service building blocks. Faster deploymentof new services based on standardized architecture New applicationssuch as presence information, videoconferencing, Push to talk over cellular (POC), multiparty gaming, community services and content sharing Evolution to combinational services(e.g. instant messaging + voice) It supports the separation of control functions among bearer capabilities, call/session, and application/service. The core network is independentof a particular access technology. Easier migrationof applications from fixed to mobile users It incorporates generalized mobility since it was defined in a mobile-based standard development organizations. Integrated mobilityfor all network applications

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WiMAX+ 3GPP

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Equipments use in NGN

PDF Batterys Rectifires DDF ADM HCTE BAM LIM IGWB SPM CKM CCM SN Signaling section

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Interface section DXX MHI SOFT *3000 MRS

BAM SHLR IJWB BMS

SERVER ROOM
FIRE WALL Billing server city LAN switches EWS HCTE NMS HCTE EWGS for C4 NMS for C4

CONTROL ROOM
NGN C5 HCTE

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IGE
INTERNATIONAL GATEWAY EXCHANGE
An International Gateway is a telephone number through which calls are routed to get cheaper rates on international long distance charges, or to make calls through voice over IP (VOIP) networks internationally

Whereas international gateway exchanges are commonly implemented using hardware that could also serve to build a Class 4 (national transit) switch, some of the differences between an international gateway exchange and a Class 4 switch include:

International variants of signalling protocols, such as International ISUP and #5, in addition to the relevant national signalling protocols. Support for echo cancellers. Support for DCME Support for international accounting and settlement agreements. Support for A-law/mu-law transcoding

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High capacity (some of the largest telephone exchanges in the world are international gateway exchanges). Support for the numbering plans of each of the countries that may be dialed. Advanced traffic routing capabilities, in order to take advantage of the best available tariffs for each destination.

Fixed Telephone Lines

One of the main indicators for dimension and size of a telephone networkis the number of fixed main lines in the network. A main line is atelephone line that connects a subscriber's terminal equipment to thePublic Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). It could be an exclusiveexchange line or a shared line. However, the number of main lines in anetwork does not include subscribers' extension lines or private branchexchange lines, and therefore it is not affected by the number ofsubscribers' operating stations. This is what differentiates between thenumber of main lines and the number of access lines or the number ofsubscribers in a telephone network.

One of the main indicators for dimension and size of a telephone networkis the number of fixed main lines in the network. A main line is atelephone line that connects a subscriber's terminal equipment to thePublic Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). It could be an exclusiveexchange line or a shared line. However, the number of main lines in anetwork does not include subscribers' extension lines or private branchexchange lines, and therefore it is not affected by the number ofsubscribers' operating stations. This is what differentiates between thenumber of main lines and the number of access lines or the number ofsubscribers in a telephone

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TRANSMISSION
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. First developed in the 1970s, fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and have played a major role in the advent of the Information Age. Because of its advantages over electrical transmission, optical fibers have largely replaced copper wire communications in core networks in the developed world. The process of communicating using fiber-optics involves the following basic steps: Creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter, relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does not become too distorted or weak, receiving the optical signal, and converting it into an electrical signal. The most commonly-used optical transmitters are semiconductor devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes. The difference between LEDs and laser diodes is that LEDs produce incoherent light, while laser diodes produce coherent lighFor use in optical communications, semiconductor optical transmitters must be designed to be compact, efficient, and reliable, while operating in an optimal wavelength range, and directly modulated at high frequencies. In its simplest form, an LED is a forward-biased p-n junction, emitting light through spontaneous emission, a phenomenon referred to as electroluminescence. The emitted light is incoherent with a relatively wide spectral width of 30-60 nm. LED light transmission is also inefficient, with only about 1 % of input power, or about 100 microwatts, eventually converted into launched power which has been coupled into the optical fiber. However, due to their relatively simple design, LEDs are very useful for low-cost applications.
Receivers

The main component of an optical receiver is a photodetector, which converts light into electricity using the photoelectric effect. The photodetector is typically a semiconductor-based photodiode. Several types of photodiodes include p-n photodiodes, a p-i-n photodiodes, and avalanche photodiodes. Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors are also used due to their suitability for circuit integration in regenerators and wavelength-division multiplexers.

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Domestic Private Leased Circuit (DPLC)

PTCL provides leased line solutions to all key customers throughout the country and its focus is to be the carrier of choice for high quality transmission services to other operators. PTCLs transmission platform on which leased lines are delivered consists primarily of optical fibre equipped with high-capacity DWDM equipment deployed in fully redundant, self-healing rings. PTCLs main fibre route extends to over 4000 kms. In addition, spur and short haul fiber network spans another 8000 kms providing the most extensive coverage across the country. Uses of PTCL leased line services to other service providers & corporate customers include interconnecting offices, mobile switches and all telecom switching & distribution equipments all over Pakistan.
International Private Leased Circuit (IPLC)

PTCL also provides point to point international private leased lines through SMW3 & SMW4 submarine cables as well as terrestrial cable system. PTCL is able to offer half circuit as well as full circuit to various destinations worldwide. Full circuit IPLCs are provided for USA, Europe, Singapore, HongKong and other destinations. PTCL has One Stop Shop(OSS) agreements with renowned international telecom operators such as BT, SingTel, Telecom Italia, Etisalat, OTEGreece, Batelco for delivery of end-to-end services.
PTCL DSL -Broadband Pakistan (Unlimited)

PTCL Broadband is the largest and the fastest growing Broadband service in Pakistan. In less than three years of it launch, PTCL has acquired approximately 370,000 Broadband customers in over 280 cities and towns across Pakistan, leading the proliferation and awareness of Broadband services across Experience the Internet at its fastest with high-speed access from Broadband Pakistan, simultaneously, enjoy Voice service over the same telephone line without any extra cabling connections! Broadband Pakistan offers DSL service with unmatched reliability, affordability and connectivity. Features

Cost effective Always On Internet access High speed data download Unlimited download Free Modem Free Installation Convenient ordering on phone and web

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OMC
Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent sampled analog signals. It is the standard form for digital audio in computers and various Blu-ray, Compact Disc and DVD formats, as well as other uses such as digital telephone systems. A PCM stream is a digital representation of an analog signal, in which the magnitude of the analogue signal is sampled regularly at uniform intervals, with each sample being quantized to the nearest value within a range of digital steps.

PCM streams have two basic properties that determine their fidelity to the original analog signal: the sampling rate, which is the number of times per second that samples are taken; and the bit depth, which determines the number of possible digital values that each sample can take.

<="" p="">There is constant demand by carriers, telecommunications equipment manufacturers, and many other industry segments for telecommunications data to maximize<="" p=""> their business potential. S<="" p="">oftware providers and other enterprise telecommunications managers offering new services also add to the demand for Telcordia<="" p=""> Routing Administration (TRA) data on the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). Critical applications such as call routing, rating, and billing, depend on having access to the most accurate, timely, and comprehensive data offered in the industry. Enterprising companies seize the opportunities that TRAs accurate data affords: Geographical Information Systems (GIS) applications, locator services, credit card

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services, transportation tracking, law enforcement, mapping and other applications.

Zoning administration:
Under 25 km we consider as local call. After that we say another zone.

Terrif administration:
If there is call free by package in eid or another special days are counting by programming to set as ferr call meter cannot sense.

Control cards name:

DLUC BDB RDCG BDE

Subscribers cards:
SLMACOS SLMADD 8 PORT 8 PORT

SLMACMRL 16 PORT SLMITF 16 PORT

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LTG:
4 evens in LTGS 0123 30 Channels for voice in 1.so 120 channel in one LTG. Exchange is used for switching. It has five parts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Power Excess exchange to exchange excess Control Switching Signaling ss7, cs7 ,ccnp used for signals.