CEE 102 HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 1 1.

Discussion Question (3 pts - if you answer, you will get full credit): Single out what you believe is the most important idea in the first chapter of The Innovators - Modern Engineering and the Transformation of America? 2. Discussion Question (3 pts - if you answer, you will get full credit): Single out what you believe is the most important idea in the second chapter of The Innovators - Watt, Telford, and the British Beginnings? 3. (4 pts) Interconnections. Illustrate through an example of a structure, a machine, a network, and a process how all are linked. 4. (5 pts) Steam Engine: = 33000 , In terms of P (in units of lb/in2), L (in units of feet per power stroke), A (in units of in2), or N (in units of power stroke per minute), what is the volume of the cylinder (in units of in3/power stroke)? What is the volumetric steam flow rate (in units of in3/minute)? 5. (15 pts) Electric Circuit. Suppose we have a 100-volt battery connected with a 100-ohm resistance. The current is then 100V/100 = 1 amp. How much power is used by the circuit? If we double the voltage, what will the current be and what will the power be? Be sure always to include the units in your answer. 6. Iron Smelting. a. (10 pts) How many atoms of carbon (coke) are required to convert 6 molecules of iron ore to iron? b. (5 pts) Iron is the product of the smelting process. Name at least one by-product? 7. Menai Straits Suspension Bridge. The distributed load on Telfords 1826 Menai Straits Bridge deck, q, is 3.24 kips/ft; the span, L, equal 580 ft., and the sag of the cable, d is 43 ft. a. (15 pts) The original design of the Menai Straits Bridge included four parallel wrought iron chain-link cables (two on each side of the deck), each with an equivalent cross-sectional area of 65 sq. in. How much horizontal tension force is carried by each individual cable, and what is the corresponding tension stress? If the yield stress of the material is 25,000 psi (lb/ in2), what safety factor did Thomas Telford use? b. (20 pts) If one of the cables broke, what would be the stress in the remaining cable on that side of the bridge? (Assume that half of the load is taken on each side of the bridge.) Would the bridge fail? Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using many or few cables. 8. Arch Form. The curvature of an arch is both an aesthetic and a scientific choice. Notice that visually, the arch of the Craigellachie Bridge appears flatter than the arch in the earlier Iron Bridge. Scientifically, this quality is described by a span-to-rise ratio (L/d), which affects the horizontal thrust of the arch. To determine the Iron Bridge rise remember that its form is semi-circular. a. (5 pts) Calculate the L/d ratio for both bridges and compare the values. b. (5 pts) If Telford had chosen to increase the rise of the Craigellachie Bridge by two times, how would this have affected the L/d ratio and the horizontal thrust of the arch at its supports (assuming all other values remained the same)? c. (10 pts) What are the advantages and disadvantages in doubling the rise at Craigellachie?