UNIT 2: The Chemistry of Life

DAYSHEET 29.5: Unit 1, Matter, Water & pH Review

Name: ______________________

Biology I

Date: ____________________

UNIT 1 Review: Nature of Science & Scientific Method

1.

List the five characteristics of life below:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________

2.

Franklin always noticed that his body temperature remained stable

(98.6 degrees F) when he was in good health. What characteristic of life accounts for this stability?
___________________________________________

3.

My friend Samuel understood that all living things have to participate in chemical reactions in order to maintain life.
What characteristic of life represents the sum total of all chemical reactions inside of an organism?
_______________________

4.

List the five steps of the scientific method below:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

5.

_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________

Analyze the following experiment:

Experiment

Jamal wanted to see if he could improve the gas mileage in his 1974 Chevy Impala (his car). He decided the best way to test this
was to try different types of fuels. He completed 5 different trials, which are outlined in the following table:
Type of Fuel
Gasoline
Water
Kool-Aid
Vinegar
Cat Urine

Miles per Gallon

28 mpg
1 mpg
11 mpg
17 mpg
3 mpg

a.

What is the Independent Variable in Jamals experiment? __________________

b.

What is the Dependent Variable in Jamals experiment? ____________________

c.

What is the Control in Jamals experiment? ______________________________

6.

7.

Identify whether the following statements are a hypothesis, observation, or a conclusion:

a.

Hypothesis or Observations or Conclusion If Jamal uses gasoline, then his gas mileage will be the highest.

b.

Hypothesis or Observations or Conclusion Jamals car is brown and has four wheels.

Interpreting a graph: Use you graph reading skills and the graph below to answer the following questions.

a. What is the independent variable in the graph? _____________________

b. What is the dependent variable in the graph? ______________________
c. What units are being used on the y-axis? ________________________
8.

Nature of Matter Recap Questions:

9.

________________________ is the smallest unit of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means.

10. ___________________________ is a substance composed of only one type of atom.

11. List the three components of an atom that make up atomic structure:
a.
b.
c.

________________________
________________________
________________________

12. Label the atom below using the following terms: Nucleus, Element, Proton, Neutron

13. Please complete the following chart:

Atomic Particle

Location

Charge

a. __________________

c. ____________________

+1/Positive

b. __________________

Outside the nucleus

e. ____________________

Neutron

d. ____________________

f. _____________________

14. If an atom has the same number of protons and electrons, what over charge will the atom have?
____________________________________
15. If an atom has one more electron than proton, what charge will the atom have?
____________________________________
16. An atom that has gained or lost an electron is called an ____________________________.
17. List the three types of chemical bonds discussed in class lecture:
18. A __________________________________________ bond is created when electrons are shared between two or more
atoms.
19. A _________________________________________ bond is a force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
20. A ________________________________________ bond is the weakest bond discussed in class.

Water & Solutions Recap Questions:

21. What is the chemical formula of water? ______________________
22. What type of bond holds the hydrogens to the oxygen in a water molecule?
_________________________________________

O
H

23. What type of bonds hold a water molecule to other water molecules?
_________________________________________

24. Because oxygen and hydrogens are sharing electrons unequally, what is said to be a ___________________________
molecule.
25. The oxygen side of the water molecule has a ________________________ charge.
26. The hydrogen side of the water molecule has a ________________________ charge.
27. Waters ability to stick to itself is due to what chemical property? ______________________
28. Waters ability to stick to other substances is due to what chemical property? ______________
29. __________________________________________ is the process of moving water molecules up a narrow tube.
30. Which chemical property allows water to stick to a spiders web? ________________________
31. ____________________________________ substances cannot dissolve in water.
32. What is the range of an acid on the pH scale? ____________________________
33. What is the range of a base on the pH scale? _____________________________
34. Water has a pH of 7, therefore it is not considered an acid or a base. What is water if it is not an acid or a base?
____________________________________