Introduction to Management of Technology (MOT)

Objectives of the course and the methodology:

Objectives: To understand how to manage technology and innovation to realize benefits

Methodology: Theory sessions in the form of discussions Clips Activities Case studies Presentations Project work Test / Quiz Assignments involving a lot of self learning.

 What is Technology? What are the differences between science and technology? Why do we need to study Technology? What are the Applications of Technology? How does technology affect the society and economy? Technology Classification What does the term Management of Technology mean?

What is Technology ?

Technology Atom bomb Innovation Splitting the atom Invention Machine to split the atom Scientific Discovery The atom Process to be managed : Discovery to Application

How has technology impacted our lives?

Technological change is one of the most important sources of change in the economy. The capacity for science and technology in some countries is not been adequately translated into innovative and dynamic business organization. The economy remains largely dependent on natural resources, traditional processing and manufacturing and, for the most part, on imported technologies. Thus, proper management of technological change, particularly at the productive enterprise level, has become the most important consideration for development.

Definition of Technology: The processes used to change inputs into outputs The application of knowledge to perform work The theoretical and practical knowledge, skills, and artifacts that can be used to develop products as well as their production and delivery system The technical means people use to improve their surroundings The application of science, especially to industrial or commercial objectives; the entire body of methods and materials used to achieve such objectives A comprehensive definition: The practical implementation of learning and knowledge by individuals and organizations to aid human endeavor. Technology is the knowledge, products, processes, tools, and systems used in the creation of goods or in the provision of services. Management of technology is defined as linking engineering, science, and management disciplines to plan, develop, and implement technological capabilities to shape and accomplish the strategic and operational objectives of an organization. In simple words technology is the way we do things.

Differences between science and technology

Science is the study of why natural things happen the way they do. Technology is the use of knowledge to turn resources into goods and services that society needs. Science and technology affect all people.

Evolution since WW II
Post WW II Industrialize nations made the most wealth Technology was fairly stable New car model was considered a major change Less competition and predictive market The world today Rapid pace of technology change Obsoletion of technology Innovation Difficult to keep pace Shift in workforce in US; agri.> automated agri > labor for Production > to automation> communication advancement > service sector (Without loosing any market share) Change in Scope: Customer wants choice and expect quality products, unlike Ford days Respond to customers changing demands Mass customization due to internet facility Innovation, cheaper products brings competetiveness Trade blocks New models :Competetors are trade blocks (BRIC, NAFTA etc

Knowledge and Technology

Business and Technology Functions in a business

The goal of an organization is to achieve a set of objectives Pool of knowledge available to society Technology adds value to the assets of a company Conversion of resources into goods and services

Physical aspects insignificant

Impact of technology on Business Environment

Technology and Globalization: It has made the globe a small village.

The apple story:

Classification of Technology:

New Technology:

any newly introduced or implemented technology that has an explicit impact on the way a company produces products or provides services

Emerging Technology:

any technology hat is not yet fully commercialized but it will become new technology within about five years

Sustainable Technology:

optimal used of technology indicated by a good match between technology utilized and the resources required

Classification of Technology:

High technology:

High Technology refers advanced or sophisticated technologies utilized by the company having the following characteristics:
It employs highly educated people such as scientists and engineers It use automatic and sophisticated operations Its technology is changing at a faster rate than that of other industries It competes with technological innovation It has high levels of R&D expenditure

Low technology:

Low Technology refers to simple technologies that have permeated large segment markets utilized by the company having the following characteristics:
It employ people with relatively low levels of education It uses manual or semiautomatic operation It has low levels of R&D expenditures Its technology base used is stable with little change Its products produced are mostly of the types that satisfy basic human needs

Medium technology:

Medium Technology comprises a wide set of

technologies that fall between high and low technologies. It usually refers to mature technologies that are more amenable than other to technology transfer

Appropriate technology: match between technology and resources available

Tacit technology : passed down by observation or practice. Any form of art.

Codified Technology: That which is written down. Software codes. Management is also a technology, as it helps to achieve desired goals. Technology used to manage organization. Management of technology to create wealth using various resources. Exploitation of technology.

Technology has to be commercialized.innovation

What is MOT ?
MOT is an interdisciplinary field that integrates science, engineering, and management knowledge and practice. Management of technology refers to the design and use of the means needed within organizations achieve economic and social objectives through technological innovation.

MOT at the firm level:

MOT at the firm level:

Interdisciplinary field; Strategic..Not many developing countries are looking at it operationalMost organization are in this trap 1970 USA was loosing it competetiveness to Japan and Asia counties Technology side and Business Side have to balanced to create wealth

Science and Engineering Disciplines

Management of Technology

Business Administration Disciplines

The roles of MOT

MOT field helps nation and firms to answer the following question: How technologies is created? How it can be exploited to create business opportunity? How to integrated technology with business strategy? How to use technology gain competitive advantage? How can technology improve the flexibility of manufacturing and service systems? When to enter and abandon technology?

MOT at the National / Govt Level Education Policies Encouragement for innovation Foreign trade policy to attract talent and technology Nuclear energy as a source of cheap energy

Areas Influencing the Management of Technology and Innovation

Engineering Activities Production and Operations Procedures Socio-Technical Systems Design Group and Team Behavior Managers Experience and Organizational History Decision-Making Processes Management Science Techniques

THE IMPORTANCE OF MANAGING TECHNOLOGY

1. The

rapid pace of technological change demands a cross discipline approach. 2. The rapid pace of technological development and the increasing sophistication of consumers have shortened product life cycles. 3. There is a need to cut product development times as well as to develop more flexibility in organizations. 4. Increasing international competition demands that organizations must maximize competitiveness 5. As technology changes, the tools of management must change.

Areas Influencing the Management of Technology and Innovation Engineering Activities Production and Operations Procedures Socio-Technical Systems Design Group and Team Behavior Managers Experience and Organizational History Decision-Making Processes Management Science Techniques

Aspects of Technology Management

Conclusion
Technology is clearly one of the dominant features of modern world. Whether one supports or condemns, there is total consensus that managing technology effectively is critically important to the success and survival of individual companies and to national economic wellbeing and growth. It is ironic that until recently the subject of management technology did not, in general, receive the kind of popular attention that is should have in business, government and management development programs. The issue is how can we interpret management of technology in practical way.

What went wrong with Kodak ?

What went wrong with Nokia ?

What went wrong with Nano ?

What went wrong with Motorola?