4.1.

1 Introduction to Volume 4 (1:00)

Support and Movement of the Head

4.1.2 Occipital bone (4:24) 4.1.3 Temporal bone (2:34) 4.1.4 Occipital and temporal bones, internal features (1:03) 4.1.5 Cervical vertebrae (4:57) 4.1.6 Bones of the upper thorax (1:24) 4.1.7 Cervical spine: intervertebral joints (2:23) 4.1.8 Ligaments of the cervical spine (2:32) 4.1.9 Ligaments of the atlas and axis vertebrae (2:24) 4.1.10 Review of the bones, joints and ligaments involved in support and movement of the head (3:00) 4.1.11 Suboccipital muscles (1:18) 4.1.12 4.1.13 Anterior neck muscles (1:34) Posterior neck muscles (4:05)

4.1.14 Review of muscles of the neck (0:55)

The Facial Skeleton and Base of Skull

4.2.1 Introduction to the facial skeleton and base of skull (0:40) 4.2.2 External features of the facial skeleton and base of skull (2:44)

4.2.3 Internal features of the facial skeleton and base of skull (3:23) 4.2.4 Frontal and zygomatic bones (3:11)

4.2.5

Sphenoid bones, remaining facial bones (4:53)

4.2.6 Openings in the base of the cranium (3:57) 4.2.7 Review of bones of the facial skeleton and base of skull (2:18)

The Nasal Cavity and its Surroundings

4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 4.3.4

Introduction to the passages for air and food (1:44) Bones of the nasal cavity (3:57) Paranasal sinus cavities (2:53) The ethmoid bone (1:38)

4.3.5 Bony openings in the nasal cavity (3:08) 4.3.6 Bony structures around the nasopharynx (1:31) 4.3.7 Review of bones of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx (1:22) 4.3.8 4.3.9 Lining of the nasal cavity (4:41) Lining of the paranasal sinuses (2:11)

4.3.10 Lining of the nasopharynx (1:36) 4.3.11 Muscles of the nasopharynx (2:42) 4.3.12 Review of lining of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (1:07)

The Oral Cavity and its Surroundings

4.4.1 Introduction to the oral cavity and pharynx (0:30) 4.4.2 The mandible (3:55) 4.4.3 The temporomandibular joint (2:55) 4.4.4 Muscles of mastication: pterygoid muscles (2:42) 4.4.5 Muscles of mastication: temporalis and masseter (3:35)

4.4.6 The hyoid bone (1:55) 4.4.7 Muscles acting on the hyoid bone (4:26) 4.4.8 The tongue (2:38)

4.4.9 Muscles of the tongue (2:56) 4.4.10 Review of bones and muscles of the oral cavity (1:44) 4.4.11 Lining of the oral cavity (2:56) 4.4.12 Muscles of the cheek and lips (3:05) 4.4.13 Teeth (2:02)

4.4.14 Parotid gland and its surroundings (3:35) 4.4.15 Submandibular and sublingual glands (3:04) 4.4.16 Thyroid and cricoid cartilages (3:39) 4.4.17 The pharynx (4:32) 4.4.18 Posterior pharyngeal muscles (3:14) 4.4.19 Review of lining of oral cavity, muscles of cheek and lips, teeth, salivary glands,

and pharynx (1:43) The Larynx and its Surroundings

4.5.1 Introduction to the larynx (0:42) 4.5.2 The larynx and its surroundings, laryngeal opening (3:32)

4.5.3 Laryngeal cartilages (3:18) 4.5.4 Vocal ligaments, vocal opening (2:29) 4.5.5 Cricothyroid muscle (1:01) 4.5.6 Intrinsic laryngeal muscles (3:40) 4.5.7 Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland (2:46) 4.5.8 Review of larynx (1:24)

The Facial Muscles and the Scalp

4.6.1 4.6.2

Upper facial muscles (3:34) Lower facial muscles (1:34)

4.6.3

The scalp (3:15)

4.6.4 Review of facial muscles and scalp (1:12)

The Brain and its Surroundings

4.7.1 Brain: initial overview (0:44) 4.7.2 4.7.3 Lining of cranial cavity, falx, tentorium (3:02) The meningeal layers: dura, arachnoid, pia (3:45)

4.7.4 Lining of middle cranial fossa (0:53) 4.7.5 Review of cranial cavity and meninges (1:31) 4.7.6 Medulla, fourth ventricle (4:48)

4.7.7 4.7.8 4.7.9 4.7.10

Midbrain, cerebral peduncles (2:33) Cerebellum (1:41) Cerebrum (4:00) Lateral and third ventricles, underside of the cerebrum (4:02)

4.7.11 Review of brainstem, cerebellum, cerebrum (2:29)

The Nerves of the Head and Neck

4.8.1 Olfactory and optic nerves (cranial nerves I, II) (4:04)

4.8.2 Oculomotor, abducent, and trochlear nerves (cranial nerves III, IV, VI) in the cranium (1:45) 4.8.3 Oculomotor, abducent, and trochlear nerves (cranial nerves III, IV, VI) in the orbit (2:46) 4.8.4 Trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) in the cranium (1:36) 4.8.5 Ophthalmic nerve (cranial nerve V1) (1:27) 4.8.6 Orientation to maxillary and mandibular nerves (cranial nerves V2, V3) (2:25) 4.8.7 Maxillary nerve (cranial nerve V2) (4:30) 4.8.8 Mandibular nerve (cranial nerve V3) (4:27) 4.8.9 Review of first six cranial nerves (1:40) 4.8.10 Facial and vestibulo-cochlear nerves (cranial nerves VII, VIII) (4:56) 4.8.11 The last four cranial nerves (cranial nerves IX, X, XI, XII) in the cranium (2:50) 4.8.12 Glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves (cranial nerves IX, X) (5:08) 4.8.13 Accessory and hypoglossal nerves (cranial nerves XI, XII) (3:04) 4.8.14 Sympathetic trunk, cervical plexus (2:27) 4.8.15 Review of last six cranial nerves (1:28)

The Blood Vessels of the Head and Neck

4.9.1 4.9.2 4.9.3 4.9.4 4.9.5 4.9.6

Subclavian and common carotid arteries (3:16) Internal carotid artery (2:47) Vertebral artery (1:28) The arterial circle (3:16) Cerebral arteries (4:15) Venous sinuses: sagittal, transverse, sigmoid (4:12)

4.9.7

Cavernous and petrosal sinuses (3:32)

4.9.8 Branches of thyro-cervical trunk; external carotid artery and its branches (3:29) 4.9.9 Superficial temporal and maxillary arteries (2:53) 4.9.10 Veins of the neck and face (3:35)

4.9.11 Review of blood vessels of the head and neck (2:02)

The Eye and its Surroundings

4.10.1 Bony features of the orbital cavity (3:32)


The Ear

4.10.2

The eye (2:00)

4.10.3 Extra-ocular muscles: recti (3:12) 4.10.4 Extra-ocular muscles: oblique, levator (4:09) 4.10.5 Eyelids (4:00) 4.10.6 Lacrimal apparatus (1:30)

4.10.7 Review of eye and its surroundings (1:36)

4.11.1 External ear (3:46) 4.11.2 Tympanic membrane (2:11) 4.11.3 Tympanic cavity (lower part), auditory tube (4:32) 4.11.4 Tympanic cavity (upper part) (2:05) 4.11.5 Auditory ossicles (4:51) 4.11.6 Review of ear and its surroundings (1:18)