Unit Map 2012-2013

Oakland Schools Collaboration / Algebra II* (CC) / Grade 11 (Common Core)

Tuesday, August 7, 2012, 11:57AM

Unit: 2 - Matrices (Week 1, 1 Week)

Common Core Initiative

Overarching Questions and Enduring Understandings How can matrices be used to organize data? How can you apply matrix operations to solve problems with transformations and systems of equations? Graphic Organizer

Unit Abstract In this unit students first use matrices as a way to organize and display data. After constructing matrices, students can then use properties of matrices to analyze data and solve a variety of problems from different contexts. Students, without the use of technology, can attain understanding of basic matrix operations. However, one important use of matrices is to solve systems of equations. In doing this, the use of technology to find matrix inverses is significantly enhanced by the use of a graphing calculator or computer software. Using matrices to solve systems of equations provides students tools to solve linear programming problem situations. Another important application for matrices is the representation of geometric shapes in matrix form. These matrix representations can be used in combination with matrices representing various transformations in the plane to show movement and animation of objects mathematically. Content Expectations/Standards CCSS: Mathematics, CCSS: HS: Num/Quantity, Vector & Matrix Quantities N-VM Perform operations on matrices and use matrices in applications. N-VM.6. (+) Use matrices to represent and manipulate data, e.g., to represent payoffs or incidence relationships in a network. N-VM.7. (+) Multiply matrices by scalars to produce new matrices, e.g., as when all of the payoffs in a game are doubled. N-VM.8. (+) Add, subtract, and multiply matrices of appropriate dimensions. N-VM.9. (+) Understand that, unlike multiplication of numbers, matrix multiplication for square matrices is not a commutative operation, but still satisfies the associative and distributive properties. N-VM.10. (+) Understand that the zero and identity matrices play a role in matrix addition and multiplication similar to the role of 0 and 1 in the real numbers. The determinant of a square matrix is nonzero if and only if the matrix has a multiplicative inverse. Unit Level Standards

CCSS: Mathematics, CCSS: HS: Algebra, Reasoning with Equations & Inequalities A-RE I Solve systems of equations. A-REI.8. (+) Represent a

system of linear equations as a single matrix equation in a vector variable. A-REI.9. (+) Find the inverse of a matrix if it exists and use it to solve systems of linear equations (using technology for matrices of dimension 3 3 or greater). Key Concepts dimension matrix operations multiplication by a scalar commutative property associative property inverse matrix identity matrix transformation matrices solving systems of equations linear programming determinant element Cramer's Rule Intellectual Processes Reason abstractly and quantitatively: apply and adapt a variety of appropriate strategies to solve problems using matrices Look for and make use of structure: understand how mathematical ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole Attend to precision: create and use matrix representations to organize, record, and communicate mathematical ideas Resources

Essential/Focus Questions 1. How can you tell whether two matrices can be multiplied together? 2. What process is used to solve a system of linear equations using matrices? 3. How can matrices be used to represent a polygon? 4. Given a polygon represented in matrix form, how can you use a matrix to rotate the polygon 1800? Assessment Tasks 11_Formative_Assessment_Matrices_11 -1-11.docx Matrices Assessment.doc Matrices Assessment Key.doc Matrix Re-engagement Student.docx Matrix Re-engagement teacher_notes1.docx Lesson Sequence

Highlight Lesson Texas Instruments( http://education.ti.com/calculators/timath/) Numbers Lesson DescriptionParabolic Food Fight TAKS: How Do You Beat the System? (TI-84+): This Artifact - Teacher Reflection Video: activity will help students develop an alternate method for Using Reflection to Plan the Lesson solving systems of equations by using matrices and multiplying by an inverse matrix.

http://education.ti.com/calculators/downloads/US/Activities/D etail?id=9790 Count the Differences (TI-84+): Students are given data, asked to find the finite differences, and then use this to find a polynomial that models the data. As an extension, students

will use matrix equations to find polynomials that model the data from this activity.

http://education.ti.com/calculators/timath/US/Activities/Detail ?sa=1010&id=12091 Operating on Matrices (TI-84+): Students learn how to add, subtract, and multiply matrices, as well as find the determinant and inverse of a matrix.

http://education.ti.com/calculators/timath/US/Activities/Detail ?sa=1010&id=11358 NUMB3RS - Season 2 - "Hot Shot" - Parabolic Food Fight (TI-84+): In this activity, students use the form of a parabola y = ax + bx + c, where a is nonzero. To find a quadratic equation of this form using the known coordinates of points, L, B, and T, they can substitute the respective values of x and y in the equation resulting in equations with three unknowns, a, b, and c. Students can solve systems of equations algebraically, or by setting up a matrix equation, AX = B, where A is the 3 3 coefficient matrix, X is a 3 1 variable matrix and B is the constant matrix. The solution is found by multiplying both sides of the equation on the left by A , the inverse of matrix A (if it exists). Students are asked to compare answers with the different methods. Additionally, students experiment with finding a parabola through any three points (if they are not collinear) by finding random values for the coordinates of the points.
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http://education.ti.com/calculators/downloads/US/Activities/D etail?id=6969 Application of Matrix Multiplication (TI-Nspire): Students use matrices to represent data in an application involving beach house rentals.

http://education.ti.com/calculators/timath/US/Activities/Detail ?sa=1010&id=13734 Cramer's Rule (TI-Nspire): Students are introduced to determinants of two-by-two matrices by discovering that the determinant can be found by subtracting the products of the diagonals. Students are then introduced to Cramer's Rule and use it to solve three systems that have one solution, no solutions, and an infinite number of solutions. They graph the equations to verify their answers and are asked how Cramer's Rule can be used to determine the number of solutions to a system of linear equations.

http://education.ti.com/calculators/timath/US/Activities/Detail

?sa=1010&id=8793 Computer Animation: In this lesson, students transform images through rotation, reflection, dilation, and translation using matrix multiplication. After digitizing images by representing the images as matrices, they multiply image matrices by various transformation matrices, producing transformed images. http://illuminations.nctm.org/LessonDetail.aspx?id=L841 Making Connections: Matrices, Graphs, and Linear Systems: Students will use graphing calculators to solve systems of linear equations in two ways. They will first solve the systems by graphing the equations and finding the point of intersection. They will then solve systems of equations by writing related matrices and solving by using inverse matrices.

http://www.nsa.gov/academia/_files/collected_learning/high_school /algebra/making_connections.pdf Professional Resources Articles from National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (www.nctm.org) Articles available as free downloads to NCTM members, or for a fee to non-members. Worrall, L. and Quinn, R. (2001). Promoting Conceptual Understanding of Matrices. Mathematics Teacher, 94(1), 4649. Retrieved September 8, 2011 from http://www.nctm.org/publications/article.aspx?id=18184 Edwards, M. (2003). Visualizing Transformations: Matrices, Handheld Graphing Calculators, and Computer Algebra Systems. Mathematics Teacher, 96(1), 48-56. Retrieved September 8, 2011 from http://www.nctm.org/publications/article.aspx?id=18515 Horton, R., Wiegert, E., Marshall, J. (2008). Squaring Matrices: Connecting Mathematics and Science. Mathematics Teacher, 102(2), 102-106. Retrieved September 8, 2011 from http://www.nctm.org/publications/article.aspx?id=19520

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