ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Firstly, I thank my parents for the support theyve given me throughout this whole project. For instance, they helped me to print my project, provide me with the materials I need to complete my project and for giving me their moral support. I thank my parents for their undying care, love and support. Furthermore, Id like to express my humble and most sincere gratitude to my additional mathematics teacher, Puan Jayanthini for providing me her assistance without which, I would not be able to complete my project on time. I thank her for giving me such a great opportunity to carry out this project. This project has strengthened my passion for additional mathematics and boosted my confidence in the topic logarithms. I am extremely grateful for having such a competent and kind teacher to provide me with the knowledge and interest in this subject which most people fear. I have to say that without her light shining on my path these full two years, I would be unable to improve myself and elevate my company. Lastly, I would like to thank my friends for their contributions that theyve made to complete this project in such a short time frame. For example, theyve shared some of the information like useful websites selflessly with me. For without them, my project would be an arduous task. I also thank them for always being there for me when I needed moral support. Last but not least, I thank the Ministry of Education, Malaysia for making this a requirement for all SPM students. Throughout this duration of three weeks, I learnt about writing reports on projects, the rubric involved and acknowledging websites. This coursework stimulated my left and right brain to think. I also had the opportunity to use related computer software like Geometer Sketchpad and Geogebra to sketch related graphs which would prove useful for future applications.

OBJECTIVES
The aims of carrying out this project work include: To apply a variety of problem solving strategies to solve problems. To improve thinking skills and prepare myself for future assignments that requires problem solving. To develop my mathematic skills, problem solving skills, thinking skills and reasoning skills. To use mathematics in daily life by expressing mathematical ideas precisely.

INTRODUCTION
One of the mathematical concepts which we must be familiar with is logarithms. Before the days of scientific calculators, logarithms were used to multiply or divide extreme numbers using mathematical tables. For these calculations, ten was the most common base to use. Logarithm, to the base of ten is also called the common logarithm. Other bases such as two, five and eight can also be used. The ancient Babylonians had used bases up to 60. Logarithms have many applications in various fields of studies. In the early 17th century it was rapidly adopted by navigators, scientists, engineers and astronomers to perform computations more easily.

Logarithms were introduced by John Napier in the early 17th century as a means to simplify calculations. They were rapidly adopted by navigators, scientists, engineers, and others to perform computations more easily, using slide and logarithm tables. Tedious multi-digit multiplication steps can be replaced by table look-ups and simpler addition because of the fact important in its own right that the logarithm of a product is the sum of the logarithms of the factors:

The present-day notion of logarithms comes from Leonhard Euler, who connected them to the exponential function in the 18th century. Logarithmic scales reduce wide-ranging quantities to smaller scopes. For example, the decibel is a logarithmic unit quantifying sound pressure and voltage ratios. In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic measure for the acidity of an aqueous solution. Logarithms are commonplace in scientific formulae, and in measurements of the complexity of algorithms and of geometric objects called fractals. They describe musical intervals, appear in formulae counting prime numbers, inform some models in psychophysics, and can aid in forensic.

In the same way as the logarithm reverses exponentiation, the complex logarithm is the inverse function of the exponential function applied to complex numbers. The discrete logarithm is another variant; it has applications in public-key cryptography.

The graph of the logarithm to base 2 crosses the x axis(horizontal axis) at 1 and passes through the points with coordinates (2, 1), (4, 2), and (8, 3). For example, log2(8) = 3, because 23 = 8. The graph gets arbitrarily close to the y axis, but does not meet or intersect it.

TASK SPECIFICATION
Information given: Questions and guidelines were provided by the Selangor Education Department. Information required: Bibliography of logarithms, solving problems using the equation V = mDn., determine the volume of sphere, Strategies: a) A scientific calculator was used for the calculation of values and solving of problems. b) Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet was used for the tabulation of all the data and etc. c) Drawing graphs using Geometer Sketchpad