COMPUTERS AND STRUCTURES, INC.

, BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA SEPTEMBER 2002

COMPOSITE BEAM DESIGN BS 5950-90

Technical Note

Transformed Section Moment of Inertia

This Technical Note describes how the program calculates the transformed moment of inertia for a composite section. Especially, the program calculates three possible values of the moments of inertia (BS 4.2.1): Ip = the cracked section value for positive moment, In = the cracked section value for negative moment, Ig = the gross moment of area for the uncracked section. The first task in calculating any of the preceding transformed section moments of inertia of the composite section is to compute the elastic neutral axis (ENA). Then the corresponding moment of inertia is computed.

Moment of Inertia of the Cracked Section for Positive Moment, Ip

To calculate the moment of inertia of a transformed cracked section for positive moment, Ip, the program uses the following basic assumptions: a. The section is converted to an equivalent steel section for stiffness.
' In doing so, the effective width in the concrete slab, B e , is reduced

by the modular ratio, e, where,

' Be = eBe, where

(BS 4.1) (BS 4.1)

e =

Es , by definition, Ec

and e is given by

e = s + l (l s), where

(BS 4.1)

Moment of Inertia of the Cracked Section for Positive Moment, Ip

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Composite Beam Design BS 5950-90

Transformed Section Moment of Inertia

6, for nomal weight concrete, and 10, for light-weight concrete, 18, for normal weight concrete, and 25, for light-weight concrete, and Dead load moment + Live load moment/3 , with Total load moment

(BS 4.1, Table 1) (BS 4.1, Table 1) (BS 4.1) (BS 4.1)

0 l 1. b.

The effect of partial composite connection is considered by reducing the equivalent width of the slab by PCC.
" ' Be = PCC B e

c.

If the slab is a ribbed slab and the ribs run parallel to the beam, the width of the ribs are also reduced for the equivalent steel section as: b" r = PCC e br

d.

The steel section is taken as it is. The cover plate, if present, is taken as it is. The existence of any longitudinal steel reinforcing bar is neglected. Concrete in tension is neglected (BS 4.2.1). This assumption involves an iterative determination of the elastic neutral axis (ENA) if the ENA lies within concrete.

e. f.

The ENA is calculated on the basis of the preceding assumptions. After the ENA has been calculated, calculation of Ip is straightforward. Note that the deck type and deck orientation may be different on the two sides of the beam as described in "Multiple Deck Types or Directions Along the Beam Length" of Technical Note Effective Width of the Concrete Slab Composite Beam Design. Calculation of the transformed section moment of inertia is greatly complicated by the requirement that the concrete resist no tension.

Moment of Inertia of the Cracked Section for Positive Moment, Ip

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Composite Beam Design BS 5950-90

Transformed Section Moment of Inertia

Note that for the BS 5950-90 specifications, the transformed section properties used for stress calculations for a beam are different from those used for deflection calculations for the same beam. For stress calculations, the actual PCC is used. For deflection calculations, full composite connection (PCC = 1) is assumed. Also based on load combination, e may differ, which affects equivalent section properties.

Moment of Inertia of the Cracked Section for Negative Moment, In

To calculate the moment of inertia of the transformed cracked section for negative moment, In, the program uses all of the basic assumptions (i.e., a through f) that are used for the calculation of Ip (see previous section). However, because concrete is neglected in tension (assumption f) and the existence of longitudinal rebars is ignored (assumption e), the calculated moment of inertia, In, simply become Ibare, the moment of inertia for bare steel section. The bare steel section involves the steel section itself and the cover plate, if present. The value of In is the limiting case of Ip for PCC equal to zero.

Moment of Inertia for a Gross (Uncracked) Section, Ig

To calculate the moment of inertia of the transformed gross (uncracked) section, Ig, the program uses all of the basic assumptions, except f, that are used to calculate Ip (see section earlier in this Technical Note). Because concrete in tension is not neglected, no iteration is involved in calculating Ig. For a large steel section with or without a cover plate, the ENA would lie in the steel web or steel top flange. In such cases, Ip for full composite section and Ig will be the same. For a large concrete section, the ENA may lie in the concrete rib or concrete slab. In such cases, there would be a slight difference between Ip for a full composite section and Ig.

Moment of Inertia of the Cracked Section for Negative Moment, In

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