Instrumental Genres Dance - p.

235 (Dances in Lullys Stageworks) o Important part of French music Also influenced many that came after this time e.g. Purcell 4 dances: - Allemande (satisfied) o Many suspensions (simple) o Running quavers Only need to know o More tricky tonalities (mixed mode) these ones try and o Same cadences recognise the - Courante characteristics for o In 3 the Listening Exam o Hemiola o Running bass line - Minuet (moderately cheerful) o In 3 - Sarabande (hopeful) o Usually in 3/2 o Second beat elongated/emphasised - Gigue Strozzi defined as a ritornello (little return) + arioso/recitative The Doctrine of Affections (Affektenlehrer) (p. 389) - Becoming more stylised o Pick the most important emotion and depict it in a certain manner o Evident in all kinds of different music tied into rhetoric (p.15) o Inventions and Disposition became very important towards the middle of the era How can the composer be inventive in the way he picks his emotions, how can he organise his piece in the most effective way formal structures, figurenlehrer (instrumental motifs to express certain emotions) - Pieces are supposed to give you one emotion not several o Way to get round is to have different sections (p.394 dance rhythms) o Corelli (p.328) Trio Sonata (for four players) Bologna wanted to make people know his background Queen Christina of Sweden (one of the most important patrons of art in Rome) Cardinal Benedicto and Cardinal Piedro also helped Corelli along These sonatas are Chamber Music o Trio Sonatas Dance inspired Non Dance inspired Sonata da Camara played in small spaces rather than churches Slow-Fast-Slow-Fast form different emotion per movement CADENCES important movements punctuate structure special movements that go with the cadences, its all about the music and how youre going to move your body to it All movements in binary form No harmonic SURPRISE Very tonal, not very modal (dont read the Hill section) Pedal notes

Circle of Fifths (usually what happens in the B section) lets the audience know that we are tonal

There are other dance based pieces of music e.g. Purcell o Italian and French influences seen all over his music o Brits taken with the French when Charles II came back o Dido and Aeneas o Bach emphasis on dance related music Suites (of Dances) 5 or 6 movements in a suite Any pieces with these names at the top will have been influenced by French music Bachs Suites for Single Instruments (cello and violin) o Anapest short short long o Dactylic long short short

Concerto - Have ritornellos - Concerto Grosso o Concertino and ripiero o Set of soloists and extra people that play with the soloists Sometimes separate o Soloists play through the whole thing - Instrumental and Voices to Concerto Grosso o CHANGE due to Church Music Lots of different choirs in Venice (St Marks Gabrieli antiphonal choirs) Consorts In Rome started to do contrasts with solo vs. tutti (all) o Cavali has some full choir vs. part of the choir in Venice Venetians pick up on it when the concerto moves out of the church and the voices are taken away o Contrasting musical sections and contrasting musical forces Ritornello starts the piece (tutti) 50% of the time when that music comes back its for tutti again (Vivaldi Hill). Fairly stable (tonality-wise) Many different sections Episodes (less stable) no statement of a theme virtuosic ideas move around tonally o EXAMPLE: Vivaldi Lestri armonico (1711) on WebCT Ritornello split up: First section shows the tonality (of A Minor) Second section same material, focus more on the bass line (repeated) Third section sequence/circle of fifths, same material from number two Fourth section dominant pedals Fifth section closing section tutti/neopolitan chord