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J AB AT AN PELAJARAN NEGERI JOHOR
(EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF JOHORE)
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN STPM
(TRIAL STPM EXAMJNAT!ON)
Instructions to candidates:
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
There are tifty questions in this paper. For each question, four suggested answers are
gi ven. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the multiple-choice answer sheet
provided.
Read the instruct ions on the multiple-choice answer sheet carefully.
Answer a ll questions. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers.
Arahan kepada caJon:
JANGAN BUKA BUKU SOALAN Il'H SEIDNGGA . ANDA DIBENARKAN
BERBUA T DEMIKIAN.
Ada lima puluh soalan dalam kertas ini. Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan jawapan
diberikan. Pi lih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itu pada he lai an jawapan
am:ka pil ihan yang dibekalkan.
Baca araban pad a helaian jawapan aneka pilihan itu dengan teliti .
Jawab semua saolan, markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang sa!ah.
T his question paper consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page.
(Kertas jawapan ini mengandungi 19 halaman bercetak dan 1 hal:iman kosong.)
(<) Hakcipta Jabacan Pelajaran Negeri Johor 2012
TRIAL. STPM 964/ l
''This quest ion paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the exami nation is over.
* Kenas soalan ini SULIT .'ehingga peperiksaan kertas ini tamat.
SM'K. VATO'JAAFAR ,JOHCR BAH'RU
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CONF!l)ENTIAL*
SULIT*
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CONFIDENTIAL* 2
Which of the following differences between glycogen and cellulose is not true?
A
8
c
D
Glycogen
a-glucose monomers
1 ,4 glycosidic bonds
Branched
Storage materia!
Cellulose
13-glucose monomers
1, 6 glycosidic bonds
Unbranched
Structural material
2 Two cells, A and B have following potential.
CeliA CeliE
l.j.ls = -1400 kPa l.j.ls = -600 kPa
l.j.lp = 400 kPa l.j.lp = 600 kPa
Assuming that changes in solute potential are negligible, what would be the
pressure potential o each cell at equilibrium?
A
8
c
D
l.j.lp of cell A (kPa)
500
900
800
650
\jlp of cell B (kPa)
500
100
200
350
3 Match the following organell es with their functions.
Organelle
(i) Centrioles
(ii) Golgi apparatus
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Lysosomes
A (i)(a), (ii)(b), (iii)(c), (iv)(d)
B (i)(b) , (ii)(a). (iii)(d) , (iv)(c)
C (i)(c), (ii)(d), (i1i){a), (iv)(b)
D (i)(d), (ii)(c) , (iii)(b) , (iv) (a)
Function
(a) Synthesis of ribosomal subunits '
(b)
Breaking down of non-functional
organells
(c) Production of basal bodies
(d)
Modification of protein and
packaging of glycoproteins.
CONFIDENTIAL* 3
4 Which of the following statements is not true about hyaline cartilage?
A Chondrin is secreted by chodroblasts.
B Collagen and elastic fibres are found in chondrin
C Mature chondroblasts call ed chondrocytes are enclosed in lacunae.
D Chondrin contains blood capillaries which provide food and oxygen to the
chondrocytes.
5 If V = rate of reaction, [S] = substrate concentration and KM = Michaelis-menten
constant, which of the following is the Michaelis-Menten equation?
A
8
c
D
Vmax -t- (S]
V=---"---"
K n ~
Vmax [S]
V=--..::......::
v
Km -'- (SJ
Km
Vmax -t- fSl
V Km , [S]
Vmax fSl
6 Enzyme X catalyses the following reaction :
Pyruvate
Enzyme X is classified as
A an oxidoreductase
8 a transferase
C a lyase
D a ligase
Enzyme X
ethanal + carbon dioxi de
9641! 964/1
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*Thi s question paper is CONFIDENTIAL unt il the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL"
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CONFIDENTJAL *
4
7 A section of a polypeptide chain has the following sequence of amino acids
The mRNA codons for the amino acids are as follows:
asp - GAU
ileu - AUC
thr - ACA
val - GUG
lys - AAG
lys
What is the genetic code on DNA for this section of pplypeptide?
A CTA TAG TGT CAC TTC
8 GAT ATC ACA GTG AAG
C GAU AUC ACA GUG AAG
D CUA UAG UGU CAC UUC
8 Which of the following events occur during cyclic photophosphorylation?
A Photoactivation of photosystem I
8 Photolysis of water
C Reduction of NADP
D Flow of el ectrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
964/1
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CONFIDENTIAL* 5
9 The diagram below shows what happens during photorespiration.
. ~ GJ
~ ' ~
Phosphoglycerate
(Giycerate phosphate)
K L
A RuBP Phosphoglycolate
M
02
8 C02 RuBP Phosphoglycolate
c C02 Phosphoglycolate 02
D RuBP C02 02
Phosphoglycerate
N
C02
02
RuBP
Phosphoglycolate
10 Below are four reactions in the Krebs cycle. Which of the four involves a
substrate- level phosphorylation?
A Fumarate----
8 succinyl CoA
C a- ketoglutarate
D citrate
malate
succinate
succinyl CoA
a- ketoglutarate
11 In the absence of oxygen, pyruv<Jte is converted to lactate or ethanol. The
importance of this conversion is that it
A allows synthesi s of more ATP molecules.
8 gets rid of excess pyruvate.
C allows glycolysis to go on continuously.
D regenerates NAD+
964/ l
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CONFIDENTIAL* 6
12 Which bacteria uses energy released from the conversion shown below to make
food?
NH/
Which of the statements below are true?
A Cyanobacteria
B Purple sulphur bacteria
C Nitrifying bacteria
D Nitrogen fixing bacteria
13 The diagram below shows changes in lung volumes during shallow breathing
forced inhalation and exhalation.
What are W, X, Y and Z?
w X
y
z
A
I
Inspiratory Expiratory
Residual volume Tidal volume
reserve volume reserve volume
B Expiratory Inspiratory Residual
Tidal volume
reserve volume reserve volume volume
c Expiratory
Tidal volume
Inspiratory
residual volume reserve
reserve volume
volume
I
D Inspiratory Expiratory Residual
Tidal volume
reserve volume reserve volume volume
964/ 1
*This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the exami nation is over. CONF!DENTIAV
SI-lK VATO'JAAFA'R .JOtlOR BAH1W
CONFIDENTIAL* 7
14 The diagram below shows the movements of substances P, and Q that lead to
the opening of the stomata. What are P and Q?
Water
p Q
A
K H
B H K
c Ca
2
K
D K Ca
2

15 The scheme below shows how the ventilation rate is increased during muscular
activity.
Chemoreceptors in
breathing control
Increase in
ventilation rate
Which of the following is true about P, Q and R?
p Q
A Blood pH decreases Concentration of C02
increases
B Concentration of C02
Bleed pH decreases
increases
c Aortic body & carotid body ' Concentration of C02
stimulated increases
--. ... -
D Aortic body & carotid body Blood pH decreases
stimulated
96411
R
Aortic body & carotid
body stimulated
Aortic body & carotid
body stimulated
Blood pH decreases
Concentrat ion of COz
I increases
"This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the e;:amination is over. CONFIDENTI AL*
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CONFIDENTIAL* 8
16 The diagram below shows changes in pressure in the aorta, atria and ventricles
during the cardiac cycle
Phase
2 3 4 5 6 7
Seconds
Which of the following is true of E, F, G and H?
E F G H
A Atrioventricular Semilunar valves Semilunar valves Atrioventricular
valves close open close valves open
B Atrioventricular Semilunar valves Semi lunar valves Atrioventricular
valves open close open valves close
c Atrioventricular Semilunar valves Semilunar valves Atrioventricular
valves open open close valves close
D Atrioventricular Semilunar valves Semilunar valves Atrioventricular
valves close close open valves open
17 Which of the following is true about the mass flow hypothesis?
A Water moves from sugar sink to sugar source_
B The sugar source end of the sie
1
Ie tube has the highest hydrostatic pressure.
C Water potential is lowest at the sugar sin:<.
D The hypothesi s can explain. the two-way translocati cl1 cf food.
964/1
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CONFIDENTIAL* 9
18 Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A Deamination of excess amino acids.
B Processing and transport of fats.
C Synthesis of aldosterone.
D Synthesis of plasma proteins.
19 The scheme below shows a sequence of events occurring in the human body.
Which of the following could be effect X?
L_R_e_n_in _ _.J/-+J Angiotensinogen 14 Angiotensin l 14 Angiotensin II
A Increase in blood pH.
B Increase in blood pressure.
C Decrease in salt reabsorption
D Increase in per-meability of the collecting ducts.
20 The graph below shows changes in membrane potential of a neurone when
successive stimul i of increasing intensity are applied. What conclusion cannot be
made based on the graph?
action potentials
t t t t t t t t
successive stimuli
A When a stimulus is too weak, membrane potentia! is zero.
B When a stimulus exceeds the threshold !evei, an action potential is eiicited.
c The production of action potential follows the all or none principle.
D The strength of acti on potential is non-decremental.
964/ l
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CONFIDENTIAL* 10
21 The events below occur in the muscle fibre.
Tropomyosin is displaced.
II
Ill
IV
Calcium ions bind to troponin.
Actomyosin cross bridges are formed.
T tubul es carry nerve impulse to sarcoplasmic reticulum.
V Calcium ions are released.
What is the correct sequence of the events?
A I -7 II -7 Ill -7 IV -7 V
B II -71 -7 IV -7 Ill -7 V
C Ill -7 IV -7 II -7 I -7 V
D IV -7 V -7 II -7 I -7111
22 Pair the hormone below with their characteristics of their action mechanisms.
Hormone
I Adrenaline
II Progesterone
A (!)(a), (/)(b) , (1/)(c) , (1/)(d)
B (!)(a), (/)(c), (1/)(b), (1/)(d)
C (/)(c), (/)(d) , (1/)(a), (1/)(b)
D (/)(a), (/)(d), (1/)(b), (1/)(c)
characteristics
(a) Involvement of cyclic AMP
(b) Signal transduction
(c) Production of mRNA
(d) Gene activation
23 Which of the foll owing occurs just before the formation of corpus luteum?
A Menstruation
B Ovulation
C Increase in the level of progesierone
D Decrese in the level of lutein ising hormone
964/ 1
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CONFIDENTIAL* II
24 Abscission of leaves is prevented by
An increase in the level of abscisic acid.
II A decrease in the level of abscisic acid.
Ill An increase in the level of auxin.
IV A decrease in the level of auxin.
A I and Ill
B II and Ill
C I and IV
D II and IV
25 Arrange the following to show the sequence of events in the mechanism of HIV
infection.
p Reverse transcription
q Transcription
Endocytosis
s Replication of viral DNA
A p-7q-7r-7 s
B q-7p-7s-7 r
C r-7p-7s-7q
D r -7 s -7 q-7 p
26 Match each of the following components in the human immune system with its
function.
I
II
Ill
IV
A
8
c
D
964/ 1
Component
MHC protein
plasma cell
HelperT cell
macrophage
I (a)
I (a)
I (b)
I (b)
II (b)
II (c)
II (c)
II (d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
function
Activates 8 .cells
Functions in seif/nonself recognition
Engulfs and digests microorganisms
Releases immunoglobulins
Ill (c)
Ill (d)
Ill (a)
Ill (a)
I V (d)
IV (b)
IV (d)
IV (c)
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CONFIDENTIAL* 12
27 Oviparity and development of ext ra-embryonic membranes can be found in the
reproduction of
A a fish
B a frog
C a bird
D a rat
28 The diagram below shows the life cycle of a fern.
At which stage in the cycle does meiosis occur?
A p
8 q
C r
D s
29 In the development of an animal embryo, which of the following is derived from
the mesoderm?
A The skin epidermis
8 The .musculo-skeletal system
C Digestive system
D The nervous system
964/ 1
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CONFIDENTIAL* 13
30 Which of the following is a growth rate curve?
A The graph of body length versus time
B The graph of dry mass versus time
C The graph of increase in height versus time
D The graph of percentage increase in height versus time
31 Under which of the following si tuations will an insect undergo ecdysis without
metamorphosis?
Neurosecretory cells Corpus allatum Prothoracic gland
in the brain
A active active active
B inactive inactive active
c active active inactive
D active inactive active
32 In Drosophila, sepia eye is recessive to red eye, and curved wing is recessive to
straight wing. A pure-breeding sepia-eyed, straight-winged fly is mated with a
pure-breeding red-eyed, curve-wi nged fly. The F1 flies are allowed to mate freely.
The F2 generation consists of 1200 flies. How many of these F2 flies are expected
to be sepia-eyed and straight-winged?
A 75
8 225
c 600
D 675
964/ 1
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33 By test-crossing the following dihybrids, it is shown that each produces
recombinant gametes in the percentages indicated.
GgHh 31%
XxYy 22%
XxHh 5%
GgXx 36%
GgYy 14%
What is the linear sequence of gene loci on the chromosome?
A GYHX
8 G H X Y
C H GY X
D XHG Y
34 An example of illness caused by chromosomal deletion is
A sickle-cell anaemia
B major
C Cri-du-chat syndrome
D Turner syndrome
35 Triticum monococcum (2n, = 14) is a species of wild wheat while Triticum searsii
(2n2 = 14) is a species of wild grass.
A cross between T. mono and T. searsii produces a sterile hybrid and a fertile
hybrid. What is the chromosome number in each type of hybrid?
Sterile hybrid
Fertile hybrid
A 7
14
8 7 28
c 14
28
D 14
42
964/1
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CONFIDENTI AL* 15
36 The ability to taste the bitterness of phenylthi ocarbamide (PTC) is a recessive
characteri stic. If mating is at random and the ability to taste PTC does not affect
survi val or fertilit y, what should be the percentage of heterozygous tasters in a
popul ation at equilibrium in which four per cent of the people are non-tasters?
A 2%
8 16%
c 32%
D 40%
37 In a population, 99% of all persons tested are Rh positive (D+) . What are the
frequencies of the genotypes DD and Dd expected on the assumption of random
mating?
DO Dd
A 0.99 0.01
B 0.81 0.18
c 0.81 0.09
D 0.01 0.90
38 A regulator gene is one that
A functions as a control switch for structural genes
B provides a binding site for RNA polymerase to attach
C codes for an enzyme
D codes for repressor molecules
39 Match each term below with its description.
Term
I Cloning vector
II Restriction endonuclease
Ill Sti cky end
IV Palindromes
A /(a)
B /(a)
C !(c)
D /(c)
964/ 1
1/(b)
1/(c)
1/(d)
1/(d)
11/(c)
11/ (d)
11/(a)
1/ /(b)
I V(d)
/V(b)
I V(b)
I V( a)
Description
(a) Single stranded DNA polynucleotide
(b) Read the same in opposite directions
(c) Bacterial plasmids or bacteriophage A DNA
I (d)
molecular scissor
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CONFIDENTIAL* 16
40 In which step of genetic engineering are the procedures described below carried
out?
Recombinant DNA molecules are adueu to a culture of
bacterial cell s, usually E. coli. Calcium ions are added and the
culture medium is warmed.
A Insertion
B Transformation
C Amplification
D Screening
41 Two organisms that are in the same order must also be in the same
A family and genus
B class and family
c phylum and family
D phylum and class
42 Homologous structures are important in natural classification because
A they are easy to identify and convenient to use.
B they are an indication of common ancestry of organisms.
C they are used for different functions.
D the more homologous structures between two organisms, the more distant
their phylogenetic relationship
43 Which of the following is an incorrect match?
A Amoeba- Phylum Rhizopoda
B Mucor--- Phylum Zygomycota
C Marchantia- Phylum Bryophyta
D Sycon --- Phylum Coelenterata
Qf>d/1
CONFIDENTIAL* 17
44 Why are antibiotics ineffective against viruses?
A Vi ruses are acellular
B Viruses lack a nucleus
C Viruses do not carry out metabolism
D Viruses only replicate in a living host cell
45 Below are some characteristics of arthropods:
II
Presence of a chitinous exoskeleton.
Presence of a pair of antennae.
Ill Division of body into head, thorax and abdomen.
IV Presence of three pairs of legs.
V Jointed legs.
VI Well-developed mouth parts
Which of these characteristics are found in insects but not other arthropods?
A Ill and IV
B Ill, V and VI
C I, II , IV and V
D II , Ill , V and VI
46 Which of the following are true for a phenotype which shows continuous
variation?
No intermediate fomns
II Normal distribution
Ill Controll ed by a number of genes
A I and II
B I and Ill
C II and Ill
D I, II and Ill
964/ l SJ.fk. DATO'JAAFA'R ,JOilOR 8AH1W
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CONFIDENTIAL'' 18
47 In explaining the evolution of a species, Darwin' s theory differs from Lamarck's
theory in that it does not consider the effects of
A mutation.
B natural selection.
C acquired characteristics.
D variation.
48 The Venn diagram below illustrates the relationship among four ecological terms
- population, ecosystem, community and tiionie.
s
What do P, Q, R and S represent?
p
Q R s
A Population Community Biome Ecosystem
B Population Ecosystem Community Biome
c Biome Population Community Ecosystem
D Population Community Ecosystem Biome
49 Match the type of organism below with their characteristics.
Term Description
(a) Usually one reproduction per lifetime
I r -strategist (b) Offspring of small body size
II K-strategist (c) High competitive ability
(d) Population size at carrying capacity of habitat
A /(a) /(b) 1/(c) 1/(d)
B /(a) /(c) 1/(b) 1/(d)
c /(b) /(c) 1/(a) 1/(d)
D /(c) /(d) !!(a) 1/(b)
964/ 1
*Thi s quest ion paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL"
CONFIDENTIAL*
19
50
Ten quadrats, each measuring 50 em X 50 em are set up in a field. The number
of Ageratum plants in the quadrats is counted. The results are shown below.
Calculate the density of Ageratum plants in the field.
A 12 per m
2
B 18 per m
2
c 26 per m
2
D 36 per m
2
964/1 CONFIDENTIAL*
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Name: ..
Class: . . .... .. ........... .
(Nama) (Kelas)
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.I ABA. r ANPF.LAJARANNElERI JOHOR l. I r \1'<1 J V J I V " . ANI ELAJ:\ RANNl.Gl:I.ZI .I OIIOR
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2
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1 1
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STRUCTURE AND ESSAY (STRUKTUR DAN ESEl)

.1.'111.-1 1 ANI loLA.IAk ....... .-.... .. .. . .. ... .. .. - . .. .... ......... .. .. .. .. -- --- -- ... .. _ .. .. - . .. .... .. ..... . .... .. .. .. ..oi.IU JO (
.1:\i'l t\ 1':\ NI'Fi .ti.IARt\NNECiERI II Ill OR JA [3,\T!INI'El.:\.1:\RANNEGERI JOII OR Jt\13ATMII' ELA.I AR:INNJ:GERI .IOI IOR
1'!\NI'l'.Li\J ,\!(i\NNEGERI .II lii!W .l A i\.1,\llANNF.CiF.RI 101-IOR l A HATANI'ELA.I.-\R:INNJ:GI'.IU .IOII OR
Two and a half hours (Dua jam seteugah) ANI'!: LA.IAiv iNNEGUU .l lliiOR
.I AlJAl i\NPI::Lc\.I AII.J\NNEGI:RI.I O! lOR JAlJATANPELAJ ARANNEGlRJ JI)II OR .lABel 1' .-\NI' ELt\JAit INNI.' GIORI .101101(
:\l t\ 1? .:.\1\P\II'f"':r: l?ll()ll()l) l ll.n.ATANPI= I 1.\Rt.\T :\NPF I
JABA TAN PELAJARAN NEGElli JOHOR
(EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF JOHORE)
PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN STPM.
(TRIAL STPM EXAMINATION)
l nstn: clions to candidates:
For examiner' s use
DO NOT OPEN THI S QUESTI ON PAI'KR UNTIL VOU ARE TOLD
TODOSO.
Answer all questions in secti on A. Write your answers in the .ljJOces provided.
Answer any four questions from Secti6n B. Write your answers on the answer
shee/s provided. Begin each answer on. a fresh sheet of paper and arrange your
answers in numerical order. Ti e your answer sheets to this question paper.
Answers should be illustrated by large and clearly labelled diagmms
wherever suitable.
Answers may be written in eilher English or Bahasa t'vfalaysia.
Arahan l1epada calon:
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INJ SEHINGGA A.NDA
DIBENARJ(AN BEH.BUAT DEMlK.lAN.
Ja wab scnlll a soalan dulam Bahagian A. Tulis jawapan anda dala111 ruang
yang disediaka11 .
Jawab mana-111ana em pat soalan daripada Bahagian IJ. Tulis jawopan anda
pada helaian jawapan yang dibekalkan, mulakau setiap jawapan pacln helaian
kertas yang baharu dan susun jawapan anda mengikut tertib berangka. Jkat
he/a ian jawapan one/a bersama clengan kertas soalan ini.
Jawapan henclaklah disatai gam bar raja), besar dan mempunyai label
yang jelas di ma11a-mana yang sesuai.
.Jawapan boleh ditulis dalam bahasa [nggeris atau bahasa
(Untuk kcgunaan

Section A
(Baha ian 11)
!- 1
--
2
!
3
----------
4
Section IJ

1------
Tolal
(Jumlah)
This question paper consis ts of 8 pri nted pages a nd no blank page.
(Kertas jawapan ini mengaadungi 8 haiaman bcrce!al< da n !iada halama n koSOil l! -)
1-J akcipta Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri Johor 2012
TRIAL STPM 964/2 !'Turn over (Li hat scbelah)
*Th is question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until lhe examinati on is over. - CONFIDENTI AL*
"Kerl.as soalan in i SULIT sehin!l. !l.a i ni tonool " ' " , -, .,,,
S,...K. VATO'JAAJ"AR , JOffO'R BAHRU
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
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CONFI DENTIAL* 2
Section A (40 marks]
Answer all questions in this section
The diagram below shows the relati onship between certain organell es in phagocyti c cell .
(a) Name t11 e structure labell ed A to D. (4 marks]
A:
8:
C:
0: ..... ..... ... . .
964/2
'' Thi s question paper is CONFIDENTI AL umil the examination is over. CONFI DENTIAL*
51-tK VATO'JAAFAR .JOfi.O'R BARIW
CONFI DENT'Ii\ L 3
(b) Explain what happens at the stages I, II, Ill, I V, V and VI in the above diagram.
(6 marks]
II
Ill ........ ... ... ... 0 .
I V
v
VI
96412
" TI1i s questi on paper is CONFIDENTLL\..L until the exami nati on is over.
CONFIDENTIAL*
Sl-tK VATO'JAAFAR .JOH.O'R BAIHW
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http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly

4
2 Diagram below shows the ground ti ssue of a plant.
Ti ssue J
Ti ssue /(
(a) Identifies the types of ti ssue J, K and L.
Tissue J:
Ti ssue K: .......... .. .. .
Tissue L
(b) Give two rna in functi ons of ti ssue J, K and L.
Tissue
Functi ons
\
\
J
K
I
I
L
L_L_
(c) List all the cell s found in the xylem.
964/2
*Thi s questio11 paper is until the exami nati on is over.
SJ.4K VATO'JAAtAR .JOH.O'R BAH.'RU
Tissue L
[3 marks]
[6 marks]
[1 mark]
CONFI DENTIAL''
J
)
5
3 The diagram below shows the polyribosome with several translati on sites.
(a) Name the structures labeled P, Q and R.
[3 rll arks]
Q.
(b) How is tRNA activated?
[2 marks]
(c) Describe two structural features which adapt tRNA to its role in translati on. [2 marks]
(d) Li st three ways in which transcri pti on differs from translati on in protein synthesis
[3 marks]
96412
"Thi s quest ion paper is CONFIDENTIAL unti l the examinat ion is over. CONFIDENTi t\ L*
Sl-tK VATO'JAAtA'R .JOH.O'R BAH.'RU
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ONI'I DEN' l'lA L* 6
. The graph below shows the potenti al difference across an axon membrane.
+60 y
+40 -
+20
0
membrane
potential -20
/ mV
-40
--60 X
-80
- 100
0 2
tlme/ms
(a) Explain what happens to the axon between
(i) X andY;
(ii ) Y and Z
z
3 4 5
[2 marks]
[3 marks]
(b) Describe the role of Ca
2
ions in the transmi ssion of impulses across a synapse.
[1 mark]
.4/2
- ~ .
11 S quesl1 on paper is CONFIDENTII\L unti l the examinati on is over. CONFIDENTIAL'
S ~ K VATO'JAAFA'R ,JOHOfl 'BAtl'RU
CON FIDENTl AL *
7
(c) Explain why the concentration of Ca
2
ions in the cytosol of the synapti c knob
remains low, despite frequent opening of channels. [2 marl<s]
...... ......... .... ..... .. .... ..... .. .......... .. ...... ... .. ... .. ... ...
(d) Describe how the transmitter causes depolari zati on on the postsynaptic membrane.
(2 marl<s]
964/2
*This question paper is CONFlD!:',NTli\L until the examinati on is over.
CONFIDENTIAL*
SMK VATO'JAAFA'R ,JO#I.OR 8AH1W
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
8
CONI-' I DENTI AL"'
. '0 matKS\
Answer any in \h\s
5. (a) Describe \he Calvin cycle.
{b) Explain how photorespira(ion rr-d
P''otosynthetic efficiency.
6 (a) Explain the role of liver in carbohydrate metaboli sm.
(b) Describe the ornithine cycle and its function in protein metabolism.
[9 marks]
[6 marks)
[10
t5 rnari<sj
7 (a) Compare and contrast reproducti on between f rogs and humans wi th respect to the
mode of fertilization, survival strategy, adaptati on, environmental requirement and
copulatory organ.
[6 marks]
(b) Describe the process of fertili zati on in humans and explain how the morula is formed.
[9 marks]
8 {a) Explain what is meant by frameshift mutati on and non-frameshift mutation. (6 marks]
(b) With the aid of a diagram, describe bri efly t11 e evolution of a named fertil e
all opolyploid. [9 marks]
9 (a) State the causes of declining bi ological diversity due to human activiti es. [5 marks]
(b) State the reasons why tropical rainforests are di sappearing today and discuss ihe
consequences. (1 0 marks]
10 {a) Define the term genetic drift, and explain how it occurs in a population. [8 marl<s]
(b) Explain the concept of adaptive radiation, using specifi c examples. [7 marks]
\
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PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN STPM 2012
BIOLOGY 1

SKEMA JAWAPAN


1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. B
11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. B 18. C 19. B 20. A
21. D 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. C
31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 36. C 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. B
41. D 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D 49. A 50. D
























SMK DATOJAAFAR , JOHOR BAHRU
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
10
; o 1 <.:;y ---( ;-"'!"ti:iiZ0Jifti$ where til e ant-: te fre(il;E,ncYill <t .sm<tn --
populctt totl clt<llt() es over ltnw, as <1 resuli of some events. 1
Occur commonly in popui<Jti on uncl ergoin9 founcler effect ami
botr le11 eck eliii:c: l.
I _
Futtnll "r effect when 8 srnall popul ati on is separated
frat" populati on.
lit<: gene pool is likely lo be difi erenl frorn t1 1a1 of lhe original
populati on.
Over sever<tl genetTtl ion, litis founcl ing populati on gives rise l o a
""w <t ll 0k, fteqt H)II r:y ll1<rl rs cJiffcnelll lrom lhe oriQi11al pnpulal.ion.
Tliis piOIIOl:r popul<tlion becotrle;; a new spGcies which cannot
tJreccl will t lilt' ori [J IIlctl population.
1-:ximtplcs, l"lail;,ll se81, Galapaoos lorloises.
Bollkll c,r.k effect occurs when a popul<rlic.n unch, ruoes a clramatic
decr8dSe it t <lue lu natu11t1 <ii sasier
I rWt(iull tly rnajot ptuputl iutt of popul<ttion.
f! tb pupulutiun wl ti clt sutvives il()S c. cli l ferent gent; pool
ft"lllilllie Oti(Jill <tl popul<tl iu11 .
of ll tb new pupulci iiOII ris8 lo an all ele
fr<::qUciiGY lhal i::; <li ffere: ttiJto" l llt e oti gimtl popul:!lion.
t: xat "ti le:;, che<: tall clue to overltunt ing by l1uman,
llruugill. El.,p1HII 11 St;l al C>VCI i1u11ied by hlltn:'lll .
ICIUl;.niun b iii..: t:l:Hi tJv of an io a I
ol clivt: f s2 of whi ch a new habitat or
..:d , I t: .
is Uh:: l'lar\.vin's luldJcs i11 G.:tldpdtJO:.l i::5 1C;Il h.l
ll 1.:: U!'Hjill dl J)<lfJl/liltiOII IS ti 11: 1'Hi:.itJICJtH.J !)I oun<.J tirl CII, Wi lli ::i iH)ft
., , h-; lu u..:l1 populatron occupy ccolci!Ji cal ni che wit l 1uut

tlk pt,pt ll...alkJIJ itdrospedfi c compe tition ;; dso Increases
f'l<.t ltu al l t:::i ull s i 11 ad.::tpting tu th::w
\(, !:H lt VIVc .
1-1 uf occupyu,g 1H::W ni1;hes
C1(1Vd ttl ctvr:: t.)f lha vari ous rood source:3 in is!ancl, narnc:ly,
uruutu.Jilndt. c: c:H:Ius 1i nd1, itl:>ectivotOu$ wuucllh.-:t;\(er finch etc.
t.Jcli ,Jtton t]ive$ rbe to r-.: volution.
IVbx: tl
../
I
I
I
2

J

h;lL\f{ KII\I C1 SCHEME FOR TRI.A.L EXJ\ fvl 2012
PAPER:i(BIOLQGY)
-- --- --------- - ---- ---------- ----------- ...
A - Rougil E:ncloplasrni c Reticulum
8 - Golgi Apparatus
c:- LySOSOii lE:
0 - Pl1agocyti c vesicle
- --------------- - ------ ------
{I)) 1- L.oca tion of lhe fonnaii on of enzyn teo, lipids ' "ttl oll ,;.:r pitl k:i ll o.
II .. The lipids <!till \Jther ' " e pussi!t l <>It 1. > th" t ;,
1-\pparatu s !Jy meCtns or VE::s ic!t:s.
Ill - ll1e li pirts ancl C> ll1er protei" " are 1\tollifi.::cl a 11d snrkd
wltil.:: passinv l/11:: st<cl' oi cistmnae oi ColtJi i\pp:ll<liLI S.
TillS al lows lll e enzym8s . li pids ancl nrl,8r prolf; i!l c< 10 !>,

<II tt l beiut e trtey Ot" "" "I tu Ill " ' " t"d
<.JeStllld\IU I \
I V- "lit e ;; or l"tl futal t: nzyll l t: :> , llpt<ls a nd llf OI<:! III S <ot (, l! o>c;k, ,ucd 11 11 11
lySOSOilh:.!ti .
VI - E11 zyrnes are released into tho:: vesicl e illltl clvwn II"' h >ud
particles, aft er which, soluiJi c ill ltl u:;dul J.>rOduct:; ol Ill" l; t """"' "w"
are ab:sorbc:LI i11l 0 ril e cylopl :otsm nf lite cell.
. - -- ------------- .. . -- ------- ----- --
(a) Tissue J Paranchym:-l
K :
Ti::;:;ue L : Col lencltytna
--- ----- ---- ------ ------------- - ---- --- _ .. _________ . ..
I
I
I
I
(b)
Tissue

Suppo11 ll.,rbaceous pta11 1
,)
C<;n y otli pli or" synl lv,;sis
S\ore iood substances
. ----- --- --- ---- --- ------- - - - - . -
I I<
1----
! Fibres - acl s as suppor lin9 ti :>Sl.lt:: pt ovicliltU
,. '
-.. - :; .
Sderdds - - aci c-l S prqlective tb:;..t:r: i1 1 ::iced
nt<ecitcllliC31 suppmt i11 :<ylt: m lb t: ut:
1 ' I ;\ci as a suppot tinv ltssue fHU\ddirhJ me:ck!llic::-,1
t! i ll HI il c:<I IJil ily
11
. ___ __ I
- _ _ __
1
c::e _P' I
___ j__ -
I
I
II
i I
I '
I
.I
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
1
(c) Vessels, tracll eicls, fi bres and parenchyma.
(al14
must
3
correct)
(a) P - Ribosome (large sub-unit)
1
0- mRNA
1
R- Polypeptide chain
.I
(b) tRNA binds with an amino acid in the presence of aminoacyl-tRNA
1
synthethase,
using energy from ATP.
1
(c) (i) It is a single strand polymer of nucleotides, upon whi ch a sequence
oi tri plet bases , call ed anti coclons, determine the sequence of amino
acids to be formed during translation.
1
(ii ) It can form a clover shape, which has end with a sequence of
bases ca!! ed an c: nd end \.vith a point of
att ac11men1 for an amino acid.
"I
(d)
Transcript ion
Translati on
Occurs in 111 e nucleus of the cell
Occurs on the ribosomes in the
cytoplasm 1/0
Results in a single strand of
Results in a polypeptide chain of
mRNA being formed
amino acids being formed. 1/0
Involves complementary base
Involves the pairing of anti codon
pairing between flee nucleot ides
of I RNA to t11e compl ementary
and the unwound DNA secti on. codon. of the mRNA strand. 1/0
14
(a) (i) When a neurone is stimulated, !here is a sudden increase in permeability
of the membrane of the neurone to sodium as .the Na- channels open.
1
Sodium ions rush into the axon and clepolari se the membrane, causi ng the
charge inside lhe membrane lo change from -70mV to +40mV,
1
l-Ienee giving rise to an acti on potenti al.
1
Meanwhi le, the K' channels are cl<:ised, as lliey .are slower to open than the
1
Na- channels.
(Any 2)
: (i i) Wher. suffi cient sodium ions have entered the axon, the permeability of
I
tht! membrane to Na' decreases as t11e Na channels close. 1
The I< channels open and K' ions start to leave the membrane down a
I
concentrati on gradi ent.
1
The membrane is repolarised.
1
As K' channels cl ose more slowly, there is a .Peri od of hyperpolari5ati on 1
This restores the resting potenti al of the to all ow another impulse
to be transmitted. 1
(Any 3
'---- -
-
SMK VATO'JAAFA'R , JOHO'R BAH'RU
I
(b)

(d)
5 (a)
5
C<J icium ions ca.use il1e synapti c vesicles to move towards the
presynapti c memorane and fuse wit h it, discharging neurotr<Jnsmitter
m.to the synapt1c cl eft.
This is due_ to Ca,. concentrati on being maintained by the active
transport 01 Ca 1ons out of the synaptic knob against a concentration
grad1ent.
Tl1i s
2
: vhen _the Ca' are . closed, thus concen-
tratiOn 01 Ca 1ons Jn the cytosol of the synaptic knob remains low.
When the transmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft , it fuses wi'"'tt-
1
+----,
receptor molecul es on the postsynaptic membrane and the ion
channels of the membr<Jne wi ll open. .
1
i
This all ows sodium ions to_ ent er . tile .n:ll3mbrane and depolarise the /
membrane: thereby creat 1ng a _. new potenti <J I .known as excitatory !'
postsynaptic potenti81. .
1
With the arrival of more neurotransmitter, an action potential is
produced.
Carbon di oxide is accepted by ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) ancl I
fi xed
iviax 2
- in tile presence of Rubisco
(b)
1-
!
producing an unstable six carbon compound
whi ch breaks up into two molecules of phosphoglycerate 1
glycer<Jte phosphate (PGA/GP)
The PGA undergoes phospho,.Yiation, ie. i t accepts high energy
phosphate from ATP.
The product is diPGA.
NADPH reduces cliPGA into phospllnglyceralde':yd.; (PGAL).
A large porti on of t11 e PGAL molecul es undergo a series of
complex reacti on to regenerate RuBP.
ATP is needed for regeneration of RuBP
The rest of PGAL is convert ed int o hexose sugar (glucose).
Diagram
1
J
1
1
Max 9
---------------------------------
Photorespiration is a consequence of trade-offs between the
pl ant's need for CO, 811cl .it s need to prevent w ater Joss.
. : :ornata to conserve water.
I i I-
I I 1 remai ning C02 in the leaf and produces o,.

Once the stomala close, photosynthesis rapidl y uses up the
_ _,_ ___ _
. SI-t)( VATO'JAAFAR ,JOllOR 8AllRU
1-
\I
I
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
1
(c) Vessels, tracll eicls, fi bres and parenchyma.
(al14
must
3
correct)
(a) P - Ribosome (large sub-unit)
1
0- mRNA
1
R- Polypeptide chain
.I
(b) tRNA binds with an amino acid in the presence of aminoacyl-tRNA
1
synthethase,
using energy from ATP.
1
(c) (i) It is a single strand polymer of nucleotides, upon whi ch a sequence
oi tri plet bases , call ed anti coclons, determine the sequence of amino
acids to be formed during translation.
1
(ii ) It can form a clover shape, which has end with a sequence of
bases ca!! ed an c: nd end \.vith a point of
att ac11men1 for an amino acid.
"I
(d)
Transcript ion
Translati on
Occurs in 111 e nucleus of the cell
Occurs on the ribosomes in the
cytoplasm 1/0
Results in a single strand of
Results in a polypeptide chain of
mRNA being formed
amino acids being formed. 1/0
Involves complementary base
Involves the pairing of anti codon
pairing between flee nucleot ides
of I RNA to t11e compl ementary
and the unwound DNA secti on. codon. of the mRNA strand. 1/0
14
(a) (i) When a neurone is stimulated, !here is a sudden increase in permeability
of the membrane of the neurone to sodium as .the Na- channels open.
1
Sodium ions rush into the axon and clepolari se the membrane, causi ng the
charge inside lhe membrane lo change from -70mV to +40mV,
1
l-Ienee giving rise to an acti on potenti al.
1
Meanwhi le, the K' channels are cl<:ised, as lliey .are slower to open than the
1
Na- channels.
(Any 2)
: (i i) Wher. suffi cient sodium ions have entered the axon, the permeability of
I
tht! membrane to Na' decreases as t11e Na channels close. 1
The I< channels open and K' ions start to leave the membrane down a
I
concentrati on gradi ent.
1
The membrane is repolarised.
1
As K' channels cl ose more slowly, there is a .Peri od of hyperpolari5ati on 1
This restores the resting potenti al of the to all ow another impulse
to be transmitted. 1
(Any 3
'---- -
-
SMK VATO'JAAFA'R , JOHO'R BAH'RU
I
(b)

(d)
5 (a)
5
C<J icium ions ca.use il1e synapti c vesicles to move towards the
presynapti c memorane and fuse wit h it, discharging neurotr<Jnsmitter
m.to the synapt1c cl eft.
This is due_ to Ca,. concentrati on being maintained by the active
transport 01 Ca 1ons out of the synaptic knob against a concentration
grad1ent.
Tl1i s
2
: vhen _the Ca' are . closed, thus concen-
tratiOn 01 Ca 1ons Jn the cytosol of the synaptic knob remains low.
When the transmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft , it fuses wi'"'tt-
1
+----,
receptor molecul es on the postsynaptic membrane and the ion
channels of the membr<Jne wi ll open. .
1
i
This all ows sodium ions to_ ent er . tile .n:ll3mbrane and depolarise the /
membrane: thereby creat 1ng a _. new potenti <J I .known as excitatory !'
postsynaptic potenti81. .
1
With the arrival of more neurotransmitter, an action potential is
produced.
Carbon di oxide is accepted by ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) ancl I
fi xed
iviax 2
- in tile presence of Rubisco
(b)
1-
!
producing an unstable six carbon compound
whi ch breaks up into two molecules of phosphoglycerate 1
glycer<Jte phosphate (PGA/GP)
The PGA undergoes phospho,.Yiation, ie. i t accepts high energy
phosphate from ATP.
The product is diPGA.
NADPH reduces cliPGA into phospllnglyceralde':yd.; (PGAL).
A large porti on of t11 e PGAL molecul es undergo a series of
complex reacti on to regenerate RuBP.
ATP is needed for regeneration of RuBP
The rest of PGAL is convert ed int o hexose sugar (glucose).
Diagram
1
J
1
1
Max 9
---------------------------------
Photorespiration is a consequence of trade-offs between the
pl ant's need for CO, 811cl .it s need to prevent w ater Joss.
. : :ornata to conserve water.
I i I-
I I 1 remai ning C02 in the leaf and produces o,.

Once the stomala close, photosynthesis rapidl y uses up the
_ _,_ ___ _
. SI-t)( VATO'JAAFAR ,JOllOR 8AllRU
1-
\I
I
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
0
r--

___ _ acts not only as carboxylase but also as an oxygenase

6 (a)
because high levels of 0 2 compete with C0
2
for the act ive site of
rubisco.
- Some of the intermediates involved in the Calvi n cycle are
clegradecl to CO, and H
2
0 .
Pllotorespirali on does r>'lf !'rnrl! 1Ge ATP
I-
It reduces phot osynthetic efficiency because it removes some of
the intermediates used in tile Calvin cycle/PGA, G3P are not
I
I
produced because fixat1on of C02 does not occur. 1
Liver helps to maintain our blood glucose level at 80 - 100
mg/1 00 cm
3
.
Hi gh level of blood glucose stimul ates beta cell s of islets of
Langerh ans in tile pancreas to insul in
SJ.tl( VATO'JAAfAR .JOHOR BAH'IW
Max 6
l\l. ax: 10
7
(b)
- Excess amino a<:: ids . from
protein metabolisrP. are sent to lh e
hepatocytes (liver cell s)
-
amino acids undergo deaminat ion to produce ammonia.
-
Amino acids combine with C02 to form carbamoyl phosphate.
-
Carbamoyl phosphate reacts with ornithine to form citru!i ne.
-
Citruline reacts wit11 aspartate to form arginosuccinaie.
-
Arginosuccinale breaks up into arginine. and fumarate.
-
Fumarate can enter l<rebs cycle.
-
Arginine is hydrolysed to form urea and ornithine.
-
Urea produced is carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys to b
e
excreted.
7 (a)
Max: 5
Fmg l H"m'" -
Egg and unite outside egg and sperm unite within the --
the femal es body/ exter;1a1 female's beefy 1 internal
fertili sation fenili sation
"1/0
'
Requires an aquatic habitat ---
I
Does not requi r.e an aquatic
habitat.
"1/0
Produces large number of
Produces fewer offspring
small eggs
1/0
I I I cues I hormones and/or courtship
__
I I (b)
1 - Ejacul atior,- spasm of the seminiferous tubule squirt ,
I I sperm 2CJ'Jipped with tail/ ffagella ultra structure with g +2' I
I
I 1 patt ern, . . , .
1
j I semen (secretion from Covvper s g!and, semmal vesicle, prostate
1
I !I gland) prov1des soerms w1lh nut11t1on and a med1um for sw
1
mm
11 1
g J
I
towards tl1e ovum 1
I I
I I u h 'I I
U
1- pon reac 11ng 1 :e ovum, acrosomal react1 on enables Jhe sperm L
the mE:mbrane surroundmg the: ovum. 1 1
- ___ I
does not provide parental
provide parental protecti on
I
protection
I
oviparous
viviparous
--
I
I
I
Copul atory organ absent
Copul atory orgar. present
I
I
Both requirE: crit ical timing, often mediated by environmental
J
1/0
uo
:;o
1/0
Msx 6
SJ.4K VATO'JAAFAR .JOH.OR SAlOW
http://edu.joshuatly.com/
http://fb.me/edu.joshuatly
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S._.K VATO'JAAFAR ,JOII.OR SAR1W
9 (a)
9
Doubling oi the chromosome occurs in l he F1 hybrid through non- l
di sjunct ion. 1
It now has homologous chromosomes. Synapsis can in .I
meiosis to produce gametes. It has now become a new f ertil e
hybrid call ed Sparlina anglica.
American spectes, probably
nccicle ntally inlo Britain
Sparrina afremiilora
2n == G2
{AA genome)
!
X Bri ti sh
species
Spar tino m<Jritimu
2n .. 60
(fJO
1
n =3 J n .:.30
{A genome) (0

Sparlim1 rownsendii
n ... n ;;; 61
(AB geno me)
asexually by growt h of
lloul.>!log or I
CI'\101..,0\0inc:l
Sparrinu anglicu
4n = 122
(AAOO geoome)
fr:f1.i le allopolypl9id (amplli t/iploid)
OR I .
I Any other suitable example
Human activi ti es that reduce biological diversil y include:
Habitat loss clue to deforestation.
Poll ution,
3
marks

mwith
labels}
1
I
Introduction of invasive/new species,
Pest and predator control,
Overexploitati on/ Commercial hunting.
r---r.,-(b.,..)+--
I
I_
Forests are destroyed lo provide subsistence to farmers with
agricultural land
To produce timber and firewood
To provide open rangeland for catt le/livestock
For housing/industrial area
Forests are also dest royed by acid rain.
ConsequencPo:
Increases soil erosion and decreases soil fertility
Contributes to loss of biological diversit y j_
Al'fects watersheds
Affect regional and global climate changes :
Food chain dis_ru_pt_io_n_s_-----------
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