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com/Spanish

Hola! Lesson 14 on Basic Spanish!

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Revision : Forms of Estar

English I am We are You (informal) are You (informal, pl) are He is / She is /You (formal) are You are / They are

Spanish Yo estoy Nosotros estamos T ests Vosotros estis l / Ella / Usted est Ustedes/ Ellos / Ellas estn

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Revision

English How are you (inf.)? How are you (formal)? I am fine Can I smoke? Yes Where is the toilet?

Spanish Cmo ests? Cmo est usted? Estoy bien Puedo fumar? S Dnde est el bao?

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Lesson objectives

Definite and indefinite articles

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Whats in store today?

We will learn the difference between definite and indefinite articles and their usage in Spanish!

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Definite and indefinite articles

The difference between definite articles and indefinite articles can be observed in the following two sentences: 1. Give me the red pen 2. Give me a pen Imagine a box full of pens, with a blue, green, black and one red pen, so when we say 'give me the red pen' we are referring to a particular pen, while the sentence To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish 'give me a pen' could refer to any pen

Definite and indefinite articles

Thus, the difference between definite articles and indefinite articles is that definite articles (like the) are associated with specific or particular items while indefinite articles (like a and an) may refer to any item

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The definite article 'the'

In English, 'the' is used as the definite article regardless of gender or count (singular/plural) Example: The woman The women The man The men

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The definite article 'the'

In Spanish, the definite article 'the' has four forms Examples: el gato = the male cat los gatos = the male/mixed cats (group) la gata = the female cat las gatas = the female cats (group) Thus, in Spanish, the forms of 'the' vary based on gender and count
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The definite article 'the'

Gender Masculine/ Mixed Feminine

Singular el la

Plural los las

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Grammar tip
The masculine plural definite article (los) is also used to indicate a group of mixed gender Thus, 'los gatos' could refer to a group of 3 male cats, or it could refer to a group of 2 female cats and one male cat

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So remember!

Gender Masculine/ Mixed Feminine

Singular el la

Plural los las

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Try yourself

The books (Hint : books = libros : masculine)

1
El libros

2
Los libros

3
Las libros

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Solution

The books (Hint : books = libros : masculine)

1
El libros

2
Los libros

3
Las libros

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Try yourself

The magazine (Hint : magazine = revista : feminine)

1
El revista

2
La revista

3
Las revista

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Solution

The magazine (Hint : magazine = revista : feminine)

1
El revista

2
La revista

3
Las revista

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Grammar tip
We saw earlier that nouns in Spanish take up either masculine or feminine gender We noted that masculine forms usually end in -o (eg: libro = books) and feminine in -a (eg: revista = magazine) and for plural forms we add an -s at the end Remember these rules as these will help you identify the gender of the noun and thus the form of articles to To view this with Audio and practice games, visit www.CultureAlley.com/Spanish use with it

Indefinite articles
In English, we use 'a', 'an' and 'some' for indefinite articles Examples: A book An egg Some books Some eggs The word some is used as a functional plural of a/an
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Indefinite articles
In Spanish, the indefinite article has 4 forms, depending on whether the noun is masculine, feminine, singular or plural un gato = a male cat unos gatos = some male/mixed cats una gata = a female cat unas gatas = some female cats

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Indefinite articles

Gender Masculine/ Mixed Feminine

Singular (a/an) un una

Plural(some) unos unas

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Grammar tip

Un/ Una can refer to 'one' or 'a'/'an' Example: One book = Un libro A book = Un libro One magazine = Una revista A magazine = Una revista

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Try yourself

Some books

1
Un libros

2
Unos libros

3
Unas libro

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Solution

Some books

1
Un libros

2
Unos libros

3
Unas libro

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Try yourself

A pen (Hint : pen = pluma)

1
Una pluma

2
Un pluma

3
Unos pluma

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Solution

A pen (Hint : pen = pluma)

1
Una pluma

2
Un pluma

3
Unos pluma

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Try yourself

Some eggs (Hint : eggs = huevos : masculine)

1
Unas huevos

2
Un huevos

3
Unos huevos

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Solution

Some eggs (Hint : eggs = huevos : masculine)

1
Unas huevos

2
Un huevos

3
Unos huevos

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Try yourself

An egg

1
Una hueva

2
El huevo

3
Un huevo

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Solution

An egg

1
Una hueva

2
El huevo

3
Un huevo

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Let's revise : The definite article 'the'

Gender Masculine/ Mixed Feminine

Singular el la

Plural los las

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Let's revise : Indefinite articles

Gender Masculine/ Mixed Feminine

Singular (a/an) un una

Plural(some) unos unas

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Culture Leaf

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Culture leaf : National day!

Spain's National Day is held on 12 October, the day celebrated in other countries as Columbus Day or Da de la Raza, and commemorates the anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in

the Americas

A military parade is held in Madrid celebrating the occasion http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbus_Day

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Whats next?

In the next lesson, we will learn some common expressions of time!

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Credits

Content Team CultureAlley, Okairy Zuiga, Tomasa Merino http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Day

Images http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Christopher_Columbus3.jp

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See you at the Alley!

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Practice Game: Just type what you hear

Start Game

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