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C KALYANAM & CO
UNIT OPERATIONS GENERATING TDS Beam house operations Tanyard operations Dyehouse oerations
MEASURES ADOPTED TO REDUCE TDS Effluent treatment system Present leather processing technology Process technology for tomorrow
50000 50000 50000 45000 45000 45000 40000 40000 40000 35000 35000 35000 30000 30000 30000 25000 25000 25000 20000 20000 20000 15000 15000 15000 10000 10000 10000 5000 5000 5000 0 0 0
Soaking Soaking Soaking Liming Liming Liming Deliming Deliming Deliming Pickling Pickling Pickling Cr Tanning Cr CrTanning Tanning Neutn. Neutn. Neutn. Dye&Fat Dye&Fat Dye&Fat
T D S GENERATION
LERIG 2004 CLRI C KALYANAM & CO
SOAKING Problems
Huge Huge volume volume of of wastewater wastewater High High level level of of TDS TDS High High level level of of Chloride Chloride
C KALYANAM & CO
SOAKING Solutions
Evaporation Evaporation - viable viable solution solution Solar Solar Evaporation Evaporation - not not a a complete complete solution solution
Mechanical evaporation - high high operating operating cost cost Mechanical evaporation
Accelerated Accelerated Evaporation Evaporation - Viable Viable Suspended Suspended Solids Solids need need to to be be removed removed Wet Wet air air Oxidation Oxidation - Viable Viable and and effective effective
C KALYANAM & CO
LIMING Problems
Use Use of of Lime Lime and and Sulfide Sulfide Pulping Pulping or or Burning Burning of of Hair Hair
C KALYANAM & CO
LIMING Solutions
Lime Lime with with low low sludge sludge Sulfide Sulfide free free // Less Less sulfide sulfide Enzyme Enzyme Process Process Hair Hair Saving Saving Process Process
C KALYANAM & CO
PICKLING Problems
High High Chloride Chloride High High TDS TDS
C KALYANAM & CO
PICKLING Solutions
Pickle Pickle free free Process Process Pickling Pickling liquor liquor Recycling Recycling
C KALYANAM & CO
C KALYANAM & CO
C KALYANAM & CO
WETFINISHING Problems
Poor Poor Exhaustion Exhaustion Neutral Neutral salt salt content content
C KALYANAM & CO
WETFINISHING Solutions
Auxiliaries Auxiliaries with with better better exhaustion exhaustion levels levels Liquid Liquid auxiliaries auxiliaries
C KALYANAM & CO
GENERAL Problem
High High fluctuations fluctuations in in pH pH level level - responsible responsible for for
salt results high salt formation formation -results high TDS TDS
Solution
Close Close range range pH pH profile profile process process
C KALYANAM & CO
8 8 8 7 7 7 6 6 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0
Soaking Soaking Soaking Liming Liming Liming Deliming Deliming Deliming Pickling Pickling Pickling Cr Tanning Cr CrTanning Tanning Neutn. Neutn. Neutn. Dye&Fat Dye&Fat Dye&Fat
WASTEWATER GENERATION
LERIG 2004 CLRI C KALYANAM & CO
SOAKING
C KALYANAM & CO
LIMING
Paste Paste or or Paint Paint Liming Liming for for unhairing unhairing Reuse Reuse of of reliming reliming liquor liquor
C KALYANAM & CO
DELIMING
Reuse Reuse of of Deliming Deliming and and Washing Washing liquor liquor Reuse Reuse of of Pickling Pickling liquor liquor
C KALYANAM & CO
WETFINISHING
One One bath bath process process - water minimization minimization
C KALYANAM & CO