AA200B - Applied Aerodynamics II

Fall Quarter 2007-08

Ilan Kroo Durand 254 Tel: 3-2994 email: kroo@stanford.edu

PROBLEM SET 4

Due Date: December 8th, 2007

Pick one of the following problems to solve. Problem 1. Based on linear unsteady aerodynamics, Garrick showed how to compute the thrust of a pitching and plunging airfoil. The important expressions are provided in the note for lecture Fx 14. For thrust coecients (CT 1 U 2 c ) of .01, .05, and .1 compute the maximum eciency of 2D
2

inviscid apping and nd the optimal motion that combines pitching and plunging when What is the Strouhal number in this case?

h0 c

= 2.

Problem 2. Design a propeller for a vehicle that travels downwind faster than the wind. The vehicle is to travel at V = 18 kts when the wind is blowing at 15 kts. The drag of the vehicle is D = 1 lb (includes rolling resistance and aero drag with an apparent wind, Va = 3 kts) when no power is being extracted from the wheels. So the power input to the propeller is: Pin = V (T D)g where g is the eciency of the wheel-to-prop power system. You need to design a propeller that produces thrust T when the power input is V (T D)g . If the propeller eciency is p and p g , then: Va T = p Pin = p g V (T D) = V (T D) Or: T = D Va 1 V

So the problem is to design a propeller with the necessary eciency for the given drag, Va , V , and g . Assume the following parameters: g = 0.7 Cd 0 = 0.02 Cl = 0.6 Nblades = 2 You need to nd the propeller diameter, RPM, and twist and chord distribution. Do this by writing your own code, not by using the applet in the web notes.

Addendum: Some hints on using Garricks expressions

The expressions from Theodorsen and Garrick can be confusing since they are written in complex form. Here is how I used these expressions to nd eciency in the case of pure plunging. =h r + ih i = h 0 cos t + ih 0 sin t. 1. Pick h , but in the expressions for force and moment, I take 2. According to Theodorsen: Fz C (k )h r G(k )h i the real part of the force. So Fz F (k )h r G(k )h i, 3. I also take the real part of S in Garricks expression for suction, so: S F (k )h 2 which is just the same as Fz , and so F x S is also real. ). 4. I compute the power input as Fz (h and Fx U 5. I compute all of these quantities as a function of time and take the average of Fz h to nd the eciency (one can do this analytically, but I do it numerically). The spreadsheet GarrickTest.xls shows how this works. It checks with Garricks plot.