Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
CHASE STRATEGY
At the other hand Chase strategy is end of the spectrum. In this method of APP, very little or no inventory is carried from one period to another. Rather, the supply-demand mismatch is addressed during each period by employing a variety of capacity-related alternatives. For example, during periods of high demand, additional workers are hired. The number of working hours is increased, workers are permitted to do overtime, and more capacity is obtained by outsourcing the unmet demand. Similarly, during periods of low demand, some workers are laid off, others are permitted to go on undertime, and the number of working hours is reduced by reducing the number of shifts, and, in extreme situations, even the duration of the shift. Several service systems and made to order project type of organisations fall under this category. As we can see from our discussion of APP alternatives, capacity augmentation and capacity adjustment alternatives are suitable for a chase strategy. However, for reasons already described (and due to the cost of these alternatives), organisations may prefer to exploit capacity adjustment alternatives before employing capacity augmentation alternatives. Strategy Level strategy APP alternatives Inventory-based alternatives (a) Build inventory (b) Backlog/backorder/shortage Capacity adjustment alternatives (a) Overtime/undertime (b) Variable number of shifts (c) Hire/lay-off workers Capacity augmentation alternatives (a) Subcontract/outsource (b) De-bottleneck Key features Inventory as the critical link between the periods; made-tostock environments; products with low risks of obsolescence No inventory carried from one period to another; made-toorder and project environments; several service systems
Chase strategy
Source: - 1. Operations Management Theory and Practice- Mahadevan. 2. Production and Operations Management by K. Aswathappa, K Shridhara Bhat.
5).Define
Productivity is the total output relative to the inputs we get with respect to the production. It is also defined as the amount of goods and services produced by the use of the resources Productivity is an index which measures the output i.e. goods and services relatively to the inputs i.e. labour, materials, energy and other resources Productivity can be put in the form of a simple equation Productivity= Output/ Input It is managers primary responsibility to achieve the productivity which helps a single operation, a department, an organization, or an entire country. These productivity ratios are used in organizations for the purpose of planning work force requirements, scheduling equipments, financial analysis etc. Production and Productivity are often used interchangeably, but there is a difference between the two. Production refers to the total output. Productivity refers to the amount of goods and services produced by the use of the resources. Factors affecting Productivity: Every organizations focuses on productivity. Several factors that influences productivity they are 1. Human element: A company own better machines, but if the people or the human resources do not work with dedication, productivity cannot increase employees job performance depends upon the motivation and their ability. Ability depends on quality of the people in the company. 2. Work environment: It has an influence on productivity it covers many facilities such as lighting, plant layout, temperature, materials etc. 3. Technology: Technology alone wont increase the productivity it must be used wisely and thoughtfully. If not used carefully it may lead to inflexibility, mismatched operations, high costs etc. For example: playing games, checking stock prices, watching sports scores on the internet. 4. Layoffs: It affects productivity in both negative and positive, Initially productivity may increase after layoff, because the workload remains the same but only few workers work 5. Design of the workspace: it has a better impact on productivity For example: having tools and other work items within easy reach can positively impact on productivity 6. Incentives: when the employees get incentives on their work done it boosts the productivity. 7. Standardization: Standardizing the process and procedure whenever and wherever possible to reduce variability can have a significant benefit for both productivity and quality.
Source: 1. Operations Management-William J. Stevenson 2. Production and Operations Management- K Aswathappa, K Shridhara Bhat