Introduction:Definition of Industrial Sector Industry refers to that sector of economy which is related with manufacturing and production of different

products Role Of Industry In Development A prosperous nation needs well-developed industries to provide the amenities of life to its citizens. Food may be a basic need but for a comfortable life we need clothes, shelter, electricity, machinery and numerous other things. The countries that cannot provide these facilities to its people are considered backward and underdeveloped. Agriculture itself is dependent on industry for its development. Tractors, threshers, electric motors are all industrial products. In fact, in our daily lives we are all dependent on manufactured goods. This was one reason our Planners recognized the importance of developing our industries. When India became independent, very few industries existed in the country like textiles and sugar. Heavy industry was more or less non-existent. Industries like iron and steel, cement, machine tools, and transport which are essential for the development of other industries hardly existed. Industry contributed only ten per cent to the national income in 1950-51 while agriculture had a share of fifty-two per cent. After the Five-Year Plans initiated a programme of industrial development a great change took place. At present the agricultural share has decreased whereas the share of the industry has gone up since independence. Evolution of Industrial Perspectives and Pollution Pollution first became a persistent problem during the Industrial Revolution. The introduction of the factory system, the substitution of hand labor by machine labor (which led to dramatic rises in productivity), the application of power (mainly coal) to industrial processes, and the use of the railroadall helped to accelerate the pollution problem. Early small-scale industries resulted in local concentrations of air and water pollution and land contamination. The area of London, England, is an obvious example of a locality steeped in considerable pollution. The manufacturing industries of the nineteenth century mostly involved the processing of natural materials such as cotton, leather, and other natural fibers along with the mining and fabrication of metal products. As the scale of operations grew in the latter half of the nineteenth century, the amounts of pollution and land despoliation and the area over which it took place dramatically increased. The railroads paralleled this expansion. As the rails expanded westward from the New England states, pollution followed in Chicago, Illinois; St. Louis, Missouri; and Detroit, Michigan; and later in Houston, Texas; Denver, Colorado; and Los Angeles, California (to name a few of the states affected). The twentieth century saw the rapid development of industries based on the chemical manufacturing of such items as dyes, plastics, and pharmaceuticals. Oil replaced coal as industry's primary power and energy source. The same era witnessed drastic changes in the structure, nature, and organization of factories as they quickly converted to mass production

techniques to keep up with demand. By the close of the twentieth century, companies had advanced from plant-wide organizations to worldwide operations. Throughout the twentieth century, the advancement of technology allowed large corporations to dominate the industrial landscape, and to have a most drastic effect on the environment. To counter some negative environmental impact, the final decade of the twentieth century saw a positive shift in emphasis from "end-of-pipe" controls on releases into the environment to the elimination of potential pollution at its source ("beginning of pipe"). Rather than trying to "fix" a problem that had already occurred, industry began to "eliminate" the problem before it occurred.

Objectives Of Study:1) To understand impact of industries on environment 2) To study the different measures taken for water management. 3) To understand the benefits of cluster plant.

Scope Of Study:The scope of study is limited to Ichalkaranji Textile Development Cluster Ltd and industries within Ichalkaranji area.

Limitations Of Study:1) The study is limited to Ichalkaranji area. 2) Time constraint.

About The Cluster Plant:To enhance and improve the infrastructure facilities, The Ichalkaranji Municipal Council, Ichalkaranji Industrial Estate, DKTEs Textile and Engineering Institute, Laxmi Industrial Estate and Parvati Industrial Estate have jointly come together and formed a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) company viz. Ichalkaranji Textile Development Cluster Limited (ITDC) which has been registered and it will implement the project. The individual members will contribute to the extent of about 50% of the project cost and the balance amount would come in from the grant in aid from Department of Industrial Promotion and Policy, Government of India, vide their letter No. 5/18/4/2005-DBA-I dated 8th April, 2005 under the Industrial Infrastructure upgradation Scheme (IIUS). About the Owner Honble PRAKASH KALLAPPA AWADE Ex. MLA of Ichalkaranji and Ex-textile Minister of Maharashtra state initiated the Scheme in 2003 for Infrastructure up-gradation and technological improvements for textile industry in and around Ichalkaranji. The proposal was submitted with the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India, New Delhi under the Industrial Infrastructure up-gradation Scheme (IIUS).

Team / Manpower Mrs. Megha S. Chalke Mrs. Kishori P.Awade Shri. S. S. Bose Shri. J. M. Gadgil

Shri. Prakash Khanjire Shri.Thrimbak Dhengale-Patil Shri. Chandrakant Mane Shri. P. R. Suryavanshi

Shri. Rajagonda R. Patil. Shri. Chandrakant D. Kane Shri. Sarjerao Patil Shri. Rajendra S. Patil

Textile industry overview:The textile industry is a significant contributor to many national economies, encompassing both small and large-scale operations worldwide. In terms of its output or production and employment, the textile industry is one of the largest industries in the world.

Impact Of Textile Industry On Environment

The environmental effects of the textile industry have increased in a negative way during the last decade with the introduction of fast fashion, in which the media introduce new seasonal trends for each fashion season. Textile processing industry is characterized not only by the large volume of water required for various unit operations but also by the variety of chemicals used for various processes. There is a long sequence of wet processing stages requiring inputs of water, chemical and energy and generating wastes at each stage. The other feature of this industry, which is a backbone of fashion garment, is large variation in demand of type, pattern and colour combination of fabric resulting into significant fluctuation in waste generation volume and load. Textile processing generates many waste streams, including liquid, gaseous and solid wastes, some of which may be hazardous. The nature of the waste generated depends on the type of textile facility, the processes and technologies being operated, and the types of fibres and chemicals used. The textile manufacturing process is characterized by the high consumption of resources like water, fuel and a variety of chemicals in a long process sequence that generates a significant amount of waste. The common practices of low process efficiency result in substantial wastage of resources and a severe damage to the environment. The main environmental problems associated with textile industry are typically those associated with water body pollution caused by the discharge of untreated effluents. Other environmental issues of equal importance are air emission, notably Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)s and excessive noise or odour as well as workspace safety.

Environmentalism. During the Industrial Revolution, companies were virtually consumed with production and profits. There was little time for or concern with the effects of pollution. Companies were by and large concerned with the means of production rather than the effect of production on the environment. Once the wealth generated by the mass production of goods slowly drifted down to common workers, more questions were raised about the air and water pollution being generated by factories. Environmental changes did occur gradually in the next hundred years. But it was the 1960s that saw the greatest increase in environmental concerns raised by the public. Business was perceived as the enemy, and the mass environmental

movement brought on by a rejection of social and political traditions of the past forced many changes to the indifference previously displayed by business toward the environment. The pressures on companies to reduce pollution have varied over time with societal expectations and attitudes. For example, air pollution was a concern in the 1850s when English companies emitted noxious pollutants from their chimneys. In England beginning in 1863, legislation was passed, the so-called Alkali Acts, which eventually improved atmospheric conditions. However, companies continued to emit smoke as a result of coal burning. This problem continued to worsen, and smog became an increasing concern in the mid-twentieth-century skies over London. Public concern was generated after health problems were linked to such soot emissions, and passage of the British Clean Air Act of the 1950s was the result. Today, power stations in England are under pressure to fit scrubbers to their emission systems to reduce atmospheric sulfur emissions.

Observation from Cluster Plant:Idea behind this plant:The basic idea behind the plant is to clean water that comes from various industries and releases it back to river. But they didnt allow water for drinking purpose, as it may contain the various types of harmful gases.

Waste From This Plant:The waste of this plant is in the form of slug. Best thing of this plant with respect to waste is that it also managed. It going to be sends to Ranjangaon (Pune) where that waste used for electricity generation.

Plant Operation by:Total 126 industries are linked with this plant which includes textile processing and all other industry in Ichalkarnji and near-by area. This plant is operated by both the all industry unit and Ichalkaranji municipality under the Indian Central Government.

Effect on Working Labor:Government and municipality both are taking care that it not going to affect adversely on environment and working labor both. Municipality aware about that it will be harmful to working labor if proper care will not take. Now days labors of this plant are working with security kit provided by municipality itself.

Impact on users after regeneration:-

Moto behind this plant is only to clean water. Before directly releasing industrial waste water to river they process over it and make it clean this will not be harmful to human being or aquatic life. They never allow using water directly after regeneration process. The only process waste water to release it in river flow.

Effect on Environment:There is no any adverse effect of this plant on environment. There is unpleasant smell of collected waste water only when there is dark sunlight. Beside this there is no any considerable adverse effect on environment.

Potentiality of Plant:This plant has succeeded to clean industrial waste water effectively. It has much potential that it can be successful in other place or area. It can be also applicable if it will be used to clean home waste water.

Employment generation:Employment generated from this plant is as followsOperator Chemist Maintenance Engineer Environment Engineer Mechanical Engineer Office Staff Accountant Security Guards Total 1 = 2 1 4 27 13 4 1 1

Future Plan:-

Currently the municipality and government still do not have any future plan about this plant.Because already plant has more capacity than its actual use. In current position plan collects 80,00,000 leter waste water daily and regenerate the same.Plant have capacity of 1,20,00,000 leter per day.