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5 British Verification Problem 5

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7.5

British Verification Problem 5

Reference

Reinforced Concrete by T.J.Macgingley & B.S.Choo, Page 351 and Example: 11.4

Problem
Design a rectangular base to support two columns carrying the following loads: Column 1 Dead load 310 kN, imposed load 160 kN Column 1 Dead load 310 kN, imposed load 160 kN The columns are each 350 mm square and are spaced at 2.5 m centers. The width of the base is not to exceed 2.0 m. the safe bearing pressure on the ground is 180 kN/m 2 . The materials are grade 35 concrete and grade 460 reinforcement.

Figure 7.17

Solution
Let us assume the self weight of the base is 130 kN. Total vertical load = (310 + 160 + 430 + 220 + 130) = 1250 kN. Area of base = 1250 / 160 = 7.81 m 2 (considering safe base pressure as 160 kN/m 2 ).

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Length of base = 7.81/2 = 3.91 m Let the dimension of the mat is as follows, Width = 2 m, Length = 4.5 m, Depth = 0.6 m. Hence self-weight of mat = 2 x 4.5 x 0.6 x 24 = 129.6 kN. Hence, total vertical load = (310 + 160 + 430 + 220 + 129.6) = 1249.6 kN. Actual base pressure = 1249.6 / (2 x 4.5) = 138.84 kN/m 2 . Load Case I (DL & IL on both the column): The ultimate loads are, Column 1 load = 1.4 x 310 + 1.6 x 160 = 690 kN, Column 2 load = 1.4 x 430 + 1.6 x 220 = 954 kN. The distance of center of gravity from column 1 is checked for service load case 1: x = (954 x 2.5)/(690 + 954) = 1.45 m. The soil pressure is checked for service loads for case 1: Base area = 4.5 x 2 =9.0 m 2 , Base modulus = 2 x 4.5 2 / 6 = 6.75 m 3 . Direct load = 310 + 160 + 430 + 220 + 129.6 = 1249.6 kN. The moment about the centerline of the base is, M = (430 + 220) 1.05 (310 + 160) 1.45 = 1.0 kN-m. Maximum pressure = 1249.6 / 9 + 1 / 6.75 = 138.9 kN / m 2 < 180 kN / m 2 (Hence safe) Total uniformly distributed upward load = (690 + 954) / (4.5 x 2 / 2) = 365.33 kN / m. Load Case II (DL & IL on column 1; DL on column 2): The ultimate loads are, Column 1 load = 1.4 x 310 + 1.6 x 160 = 690 kN, Column 2 load = 1.0 x 430 = 430 kN. Direct load = 310 + 160 + 430 + 129.6 = 1029.6 kN. The moment about the centerline of the base is, M = 430 X 1.54 (310 + 160) 0.96 = 230 kN-m. Maximum pressure = 1029.6 / 9 + 230 / 6.75 = 148.47 kN / m 2 < 180 kN / m 2 (Hence safe) Load Case III (DL on column 1; DL & IL on column 2): The ultimate loads are, Column 1 load = 1.0 x 310 = 310 kN,

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Column 2 load = 1.4 x 430 + 1.6 x 220 = 954 kN. Direct load = 310 + 430 + 220 + 129.6 = 1089.6 kN. The moment about the centerline of the base is, M = (430 + 220) 1.05 310 X 1.45 = 233 kN-m. Maximum pressure = 1089.6 / 9 + 233 / 6.75 = 155.59 kN / m 2 < 180 kN / m 2 (Hence safe)

Figure 7.18 Design of Longitudinal (Bottom) Steel: The maximum negative BM from Figure 6.18 is 221.7 kN-m Assuming 40 mm clear cover and 20 mm bar diameter, effective depth = 600 40 20/2 = 550 mm.

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The minimum area of steel = 0.13 x 2000 x 600 / 100 = 1560 mm 2 > calculated area of steel. Provide minimum steel. Provide 16 bars 12 mm in diameter at 125 mm centers to give area of 1808 mm 2 . Design of Transverse (Top) Steel: The maximum positive BM from Figure 6.18 is 99.7 kN-m. Assuming 40 mm clear cover and 20 mm bar diameter, effective depth = 600 40 20/2 = 550 mm.

The minimum area of steel = 0.13 x 2000 x 600 / 100 = 1560 mm 2 > calculated area of steel. Provide minimum steel as above. Calculation of Vertical Shear: The maximum vertical shear from case 1 is V = 250.8 kN, V= = 0.228 N/mm 2 .

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Punching Shear Check:

The critical perimeter for punching shear check is at 1.5 d distance from the face of the column. Here the perimeter crosses the boundary of the base on two sides. Hence punching shear is less critical than the vertical shear in this case.

Comparison
Value Of Max Bending Moment (-) Max Bending Moment (+) Area of Steal Required Base Pressure Reference Result 221.7 kN-m 99.7 kN-m 780 mm 2 /m 138.84 kN/m 2 STAAD. foundation Result 201.204 kN-m 108.94 kN-m 780 mm 2 /m 136 kN/m 2 Difference in Percent 9.2 9.2 None 2

Table 7.6

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