OPINION TO LOAD ON PISTON , RING & LINER WEAR

Give your opinion about the following statement (a) Piston crown strength is badly governed by mechanical load. (b) Hard piston ring and hard liner is not complete reducing wear. Piston crown strength is badl go!erned b "echanical load Pistons form the lower part of the combustion chamber. It seals the cylinder and transmits the gas pressure to the crankshaft through connecting rod. The piston absorbs heat of combustion and carry away by its cooling system to keep metal temperature within safe limits. The piston crown metal is sub ected by not only mechanical loads due to combustion gas pressure but also thermal load due to combustion gas temperature. !ariable gas force heat

"ue to the heat from hot gas #the free e$pansion of the hot side is restricted by the cold side and The thermal stresses are adopted. %rom thermal stress of view# the piston wall thickness must be decreased for proper rapid heat transmission. Thin wall is good for the relative heat transfer. &ut to bearing the mechanical loads# the inner wall must be supported strongly. %rom mechanical strength of view # the piston crown thickness should be increased to relative power. 'o # the problem was solved by selection of high(grade material. &ut thermal stress can not be completely avoided # a certain stress will suffer whatever material is chosen. )t present# the si*e of a piston could be practically limited and increase the piston stroke to achieve higher power. The crown is sub ected by very high gas pressure# the top surface of the crown suffer compressive load# and inner surface of the crown suffer tensile load. )s the piston is moving toward T"+ # at the end of stroke # its velocity will be retarded. The inertia effect will tend the piston to bow upwards# so that top surface of the crown along with sides will suffer tensile load and lower surface of the crown will suffer compressive load. ,hen the piston to &"+ # it will be vise si versa . Therefore # the piston crown strength is badly governed by the mechanical load. #ard $iston rings and hard liner is not co"$lete red%cing wear -ven though we are using hard piston rings and hard liner# if under undesirable condition will take place# wears down effect will occur. +ylinder liner and piston ring wear is mainly caused by )brasion . +orrosion effects. )brasion is generally caused by ( /sing unsuitable material - 0etal to metal contact running due insufficient lubrication - Incorrect clearances - "efects from combustion process and their abrasive particle products. +orrosion is occurred in engine burning with high sulphur content (up to 123 4 ) in fuel oil. ,ithin combustion process # '56 . '57 products may form H6'51 # being condensed on the cooler section of the liner wall and attack to liner. To be reduces the wear of piston ring and liner is not only used hard piston ring and hard liner # but aslo re8uire to prevent from corrosion and abrasion effects by.. ( 9eep correct cylinder lube oil 8uality# feed rate and timing ( 9eep liner temperature within limit . not to low acid dew point ( 9eep correct scavenge air temperature within limit ( /se good 8uality of fuel and properly upgrade and chemically treated ( 0aintain good combustion process and perfect engine performance ( Proper running in process whenever piston ring and liner renewal.

+ho 0yint %irst -ngineer 0.%.'.:

OPINION TO LOAD ON PISTON , RING & LINER WEAR

Generally piston rings and liner are made from specially chosen materials for resistance to wear # high stress and load. They are mainly made from +.I with some additional alloying agents. :iner composition + 7.;4 # 'i <.14 # ' =.<4 # P =.<4 # 0n =.34 # !a =.6;4 # >i # +r # 0lbdn# Piston ring composition + 7.;4 # 'i <.;4 # ' =.<4 # P =.7 4 # 0n <.<4 # >i <.=4 # +r =.7 4 %or the long life use and resist to wear # piston rings are treated as - Hard chromium plating - +opper plating - 'ilicon plating - 0olybdenum spray - Phosphate treatment - %erro$ide treatment - Plasma coating /sing chrome plating ring as top rings resist to heat # wear and corrosion and increases the hardness of the surface and liner life. 'mall amount of vanadium cast iron in liner # prevent wear rate <.; times than normal. Presence of graphite in cast iron improve lubrication. To resist abrasion # a thin layer of chromium applied on liner bore. 'everal treatments applied to liner are ( Hard chromium plating - 0olybdenum spraying - Phosphate treatment - >itride hardening - %lame or firing

+ho 0yint %irst -ngineer 0.%.'.: