pure services-Services that result in few, or no, tangible products to the customer (e.g., education).

servicii pure - servicii, cauzate n cteva produse, sau nu, tangibile pentru client (de exemplu, educaia). push system-1) In production, the production of items at times required by a given schedule planned in advance. ) In material control, the issuing of material according to a given schedule or issuing material to a !ob order at its start time. ") In distribution, a system for replenishing field warehouse inventories where replenishment decision ma#ing is centrali$ed, usually at the manufacturing site or central supply facility. See% pull system. sistemul de mpingere - 1) n producie, producia de articole uneori cerut de un anumit program planificat n avans. 2) n material de control, eliberarea de material conform unui program sau emiterea unui ordin material loc de munc la momentul de nceput. ) n distribuie, un sistem pentru completarea stocurilor de depozit pe teren n cazul n care luarea deciziilor de reaprovizionare este centralizat, de obicei, la locul de producie sau de unitatea central de aprovizionare. !ezi" sistem de tragere. put-away-&emoving the material from the doc# (or other location of receipt), transporting the material to a storage area, placing that material in a staging area and then moving it to a specific location, and recording the movement and identification of the location where the material has been placed. pune - departe # $coaterea materialelor din doc (sau alt locaie de primire), care transport materialul ntr#o zon de depozitare, amplasarea materialului ntr# o zon de ateptare i apoi se deplaseaz ntr#o locaie specific, i nregistrarea micrii i identificarea locului n care a fost plasat materialul. pyramid forecasting-' forecasting technique that enables management to review and ad!ust forecasts made at an aggregate level and to #eep lower level forecasts in balance. (he procedure begins with the roll up (aggregation) of item forecasts into forecasts by product group. (he management team establishes a (new) forecast for the product group (he value is then forced down (disaggregation) to individual item forecasts so that they are consistent with the aggregate plan. (he approach combines the stability of aggregate forecasts and the application of management !udgment with the need to forecast many end items within the constraints of an aggregate forecast or sales plan. See% management estimation, planning bill of material, product group forecast. prognoza piramid - % te&nic de previziune care permite conducerii s revizuiasc i s a'usteze previziunile fcute la un nivel agregat i pentru a menine previziunile de nivel inferior n ec&ilibru. (rocedura ncepe cu agregarea de prognoze articol n previziunile pe grupe de produse. )c&ipa de management stabilete o prognoz (nou) pentru grupul de produse. !aloarea este apoi forat n 'os (dezagregare) a previziunilor individuale de elementelor, astfel nct acestea sunt n concordan cu planul de agregare. *bordarea combin stabilitatea previziunile agregate i punerea n aplicare a &otrrii de management cu necesitatea de a prevedea mai multe elemente finite n cadrul constrngerilor de o

prognoz agregat sau planul de vnzri. !ezi" estimarea de management, planificarea facturii de materiale, prognoza grupului de produse. QCD-'bbreviation for quality, cost, delivery. QCD -abreviere pentru calitate, cost, livrare. Q chart-' control chart for evaluating the stability of a process in terms of a quality score. (he quality score is the weighted sum of the count of events of various classifications, where each classification is assigned a weight. Syn% quality chart, quality score chart. Q diagram - % diagram de control pentru evaluarea stabilitii unui proces n termeni de un scor de calitate. $corul de calitate este suma ponderat a numrului de evenimente de diferite clasificri, n care fiecrei clasificri i se atribuie o greutate. $+n " ,rafic calitate, diagram scor de calitate. QFD-'bbreviation for quality function deployment. QFD -abreviere pentru implementarea funcie de calitate. QRP-'bbreviation for quic# response program. QRP -abreviere pentru programul de rspuns rapid. Q !"oo-' variation of IS) *+++ certification with additional requirements tailored for the automobile industry, including suppliers. ,S *+++ is being superseded by IS)-(S 1.*/*, which incorporates many 0uropean standards. See% IS) *+++, IS)-(S 1.*/*. Q !"oo - % variaie de certificare -$% .///, cu cerine suplimentare adaptate pentru industria auto, inclusiv furnizori. 0$ ./// este nlocuit de -$% 1 2$ 13.4., care include mai multe standarde europene. !ezi" -$% .///, -$% 1 2$ 13.4.. #ualifiers- yn% order qualifiers. See% order losers, order winners. calificare - $+n" calificarea ordin. !ezi" nvinii de ordine, ctigtorii de ordine. #ualitative forecasting techni#ues-'n approach to forecasting that is based on intuitive or !udgmental evaluation. It is used generally when data are scarce, not available, or no longer relevant. 1ommon types of qualitative techniques include% personal insight, sales force estimates, panel consensus, mar#et research, visionary forecasting, and the 2elphi method. 03amples include developing long-range pro!ections and new product introduction. tehnicile - % prognoz calitativ, care se bazeaz pe evaluarea intuitiv sau 'udecat. *cesta este folosit n general atunci cnd datele sunt limitate, nu sunt disponibile sau nu mai sunt

relevante. 2ipurile comune de te&nici calitative includ" o perspectiv personal, estimrile forei de vnzri, panoul aprobat, studii de pia, previziuni vizionar, i metoda 5elp&i. )xemplele includ realizarea proieciilor raz lung de aciune i introducerea de noi produse. #uality-1onformance to requirements or fitness for use. ,uality can be defined through five principal approaches% (1) (ranscendent quality is an ideal, a condition of e3cellence. ( ) 4roduct-based quality is based on a product attribute. (") 5ser-based quality is fitness for use. (/) 6anufacturing-based quality is conformance to requirements. (7) 8alue-based quality is the degree of e3cellence at an acceptable price. 'lso, quality has two ma!or components% (1) quality of conformance-quality is defined by the absence of defects, and ( ) quality of designquality is measured by the degree of customer satisfaction with a product9s characteristics and features. calitate : 6onformitate la cerinele i de modul de utilizare. 6alitatea poate fi definit prin cinci metode principale" (1) calitatea transcendent este un ideal, o stare de excelent. (2) 6alitatea produselor pe baz se bazeaz pe un produs. ( ) 6alitatea de utilizator pe baza este de fitness pentru utilizare. (4) 6alitatea bazat pe valoare este gradul de excelen, la un pre acceptabil. 5e asemenea , calitatea are dou componente ma'ore" (1) calitatea de conformare # calitate este definit prin absena unor defecte, i (2) 6alitatea elaborrii # calitate este msurat prin gradul de satisfacie al clienilor i caracteristici ale produsului. #uality assurance$control-(wo terms that have many interpretations because of the multiple definitions for the words ;assurance; and ;control.; <or e3ample, ;assurance; can mean the act of giving confidence, the state of being certain, or the act of ma#ing certain= ;control; can mean an evaluation to indicate needed corrective responses, the act of guiding, or the state of a process in which the variability is attributable to a constant system of chance causes. )ne definition of quality assurance is all the planned and systematic activities implemented within the quality system that. can be demonstrated to provide confidence that a good or service will fulfill requirements for quality. )ne definition for quality control is the operational techniques and activities used to fulfill requirements for quality. )ften, however, quality assurance and quality control are used interchangeably, referring to the actions performed to ensure the quality of a good, service, or process. See% quality control. asigurarea calitii $ control - doi termeni care au mai multe interpretri, din cauza mai multor definiii pentru cuvntul 7asigurare7 i 7control8. 5e exemplu, 7asigurare7 poate nsemna actul de a da ncredere, starea de a fi sigur, sau actul de a face ceva concret, 7control7 poate nsemna o evaluare de indicare a raspunsurilor corective necesare, actul de g&idare, sau starea de a procesa unde variabilitatea poate fi atribuit unui sistem constant de cauze ntmpltoare. % definiie de asigurare a calitii sunt toate activitile planificate i sistematice implementate n cadrul sistemului de calitate care. poate fi demonstrat pentru a oferi ncrederea c un bun sau serviciu va ndeplini cerinele de calitate. % definiie pentru controlul calitii sunt te&nicile operaionale i activitile utilizate pentru a ndeplini cerinele de calitate. 5e multe ori, cu toate acestea, asigurarea calitii i controlul calitii sunt folosite alternativ, referindu#se la aciunile efectuate pentru a asigura calitatea de un bun, serviciu sau proces. !ezi" controlul calitii. #uality at the source-' producer9s responsibility to provide 1++> acceptable quality material

to the consumer of the material. (he ob!ective is to reduce or eliminate shipping or receiving quality inspections and line stoppages as a result of supplier defects. sursa calitii - 9esponsabilitatea unui productor de a oferi 1// : materiale de calitate acceptabil pentru consumatorul materialului. %biectivul este de a reduce sau elimina expedierea sau primirea inspeciilor de calitate i a ntreruperilor de linie, ca urmare a defectelor cu furnizorul. #uality audit-' systematic, independent e3amination and review to determine whether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve the ob!ectives. auditul de calitate - % examinare independent sistematic i analiza pentru a determina dac activitile de calitate i rezultatele aferente respect dispoziiile prevzute i dac aceste acorduri sunt puse n aplicare n mod eficient i sunt potrivite pentru atingerea obiectivelor. #uality characteristic-' property of a product or service that is important enough to count or measure. See% performance measurement system. calitate caracteristic - % proprietate a unui produs sau serviciu care este destul de important pentru a numra sau msura. !ezi" sistem de msurare a performanei. #uality chart-Syn% , chart. diagram calitii - Syn% diagrama 0. #uality circle-' small group of people who normally wor# as a unit and meet frequently to uncover and solve problems concerning the quality of items produced, process capability, or process control. Syn% quality control circle. See% small group improvement activity. cerc de calitate - ;n grup mic de oameni care lucreaz n mod normal ca o unitate i ntlniri frecvente pentru a descoperi i de a rezolva probleme legate de calitatea de articole produse, capacitatea de proces, sau de control al procesului. $+n" cerc de control al calitii. !ezi" activitatea mbuntirii unui grup mic. #uality control-(he process of measuring quality conformance by comparing the actual with a standard for the characteristic and acting on the difference. See% quality assurance-control. controlul calitii # (rocesul de msurare a calitii conformitii prin compararea efectiv cu un standard de caracteristic i care acioneaz asupra diferenei. !ezi" asigurarea calitii 1 controlul.

#uality control circle-Syn% quality circle. controlul calitii cerc - $+n" cerc de calitate. #uality% cost% delivery &QCD)-?ey measurements of customer satisfaction. ?ai$en activity strives to improve these measurements. calitate % cost% livrare & QCD ' - <surtori c&eie de satisfacie a clienilor. *ctivitatea =aizen se strduiete s mbunteasc aceste msurtori. #uality costs-(he overall costs associated with prevention activities and the improvement of quality throughout the firm before, during, and after production of a product. (hese costs fall into four recogni$ed categories% internal failure costs, e3ternal failure costs, appraisal costs, and prevention costs. Internal failure costs relate to problems before the product reaches the customer. (hese usually include rewor#, scrap, downgrades, reinspection, retest, and process losses. 03ternal failure costs relate to problems found after the product reaches the customer. (hese usually include such costs as warranty and returns. 'ppraisal costs are associated with the formal evaluation and audit of quality in the firm. (ypical costs include inspection, quality audits, testing, calibration, and chec#ing time. 4revention costs are those caused by improvement activities that focus on reducing failure and appraisal costs. (ypical costs include education, quality training, and supplier certification. costurile de calitate - 6osturile totale asociate cu activitile de prevenie i mbuntirea calitii n ntreaga firm nainte , n timpul i dup producerea unui produs. *ceste costuri se ncadreaz n patru categorii recunoscute" costurile interne, costurile externe, costurile de evaluare, precum i costurile de prevenire. 6ostul defectelor interne, se refer la probleme nainte ca produsul s a'ung la client. *cestea includ, de obicei, reprelucrarea, resturile, scderile, reverificarea, retestarea, i pierderi de proces. 6ostul defectelor externe, se refer la problemele gsite dup ce produsul a'unge la client. *cestea includ de obicei, astfel de costuri de garanie i se ntoarce. 6osturile de evaluare sunt asociate cu evaluarea formal i de audit de calitate n firm. 6osturile tipice includ inspecii, audituri de calitate, de testare, de calibrare, i timpul de verificare. 6osturile de prevenire sunt cele cauzate de activitile de mbuntire care se concentreaz pe reducerea eecului i a costurilor de evaluare. 6osturile tipice includ educaia, formarea calitii, i certificarea furnizorului. #uality engineering-(he engineering discipline concerned with improving the quality of products and processes. inginerie de calitate - 5isciplina de inginerie n cauz cu mbuntirea calitii produselor i proceselor. #uality function deployment &QFD'-' methodology designed to ensure that all the ma!or requirements of the customer are identified and subsequently met or e3ceeded through the resulting product design process and the design and operation of the supporting production management system. ,<2 can be viewed as a set of communication and translation tools. ,<2 tries to eliminate the gap between what the customer wants in a new product and what the product is capable of delivering. ,<2 often leads to a clear identification of the ma!or requirements of the customers. (hese e3pectations are referred to as the voice of the customer

(8)1). See% house of quality. Quality Function Deployment &QFD' - % metodologie proiectat pentru a se asigura c toate cerinele principale ale clientului sunt identificate i ndeplinite s#au depit ulterior prin procesul de design de produs i proiectarea i funcionarea sistemului de spri'in de management de producie. 0>5 poate fi privit ca un set de instrumente de comunicare i de traducere. 0>5 ncearc s elimine decala'ul dintre ceea ce clientul dorete ntr# un produs nou i ceea ce produsul este capabil de a oferi. 0>5 de multe ori duce la o identificare clar a cerinelor principale ale clienilor. *ceste ateptri sunt menionate ca vocea clientului (6%!). !ezi" casa de calitate. #uality loss function-' parabolic appro3imation of the quality loss that occurs when a quality characteristic deviates from its target value. (he quality loss function is e3pressed in monetary units% the cost of deviating from the target increases quadratically as the quality characteristic moves farther from the target. (he formula used to compute the quality loss function depends on the type of quality characteristic being used. (he quality loss function was first introduced in this form by @enichi (aguchi. funcia de pierdere de calitate - % aproximare parabolic de pierderi de calitate care apare atunci cnd o caracteristic de calitate se abate de la valoarea int. >uncia de pierdere de calitate este exprimat n uniti monetare" costul abaterii de la int crete caracteristica de calitate de deplasare mai departe de int. >ormula utilizat pentru a calcula funcia pierderea calitii depinde de tipul de caracteristic de calitate folosit. >uncia de pierdere de calitate a fost introdus pentru prima dat n aceast form de ,enic&i 2aguc&i. #uality score chart-Syn% , chart. scorul graficului de caliatate - $+n"graficul 0 . #uality tree-'n analytical tool that visuali$es that quality is composed of four layers of achievement% (1) inspection, ( ) process measurement and improvement, (") process control, and (/) design for quality. copac de calitate- ;n instrument analitic care vizualizeaz calitatea care este compus din patru straturi de realizare" (1) inspecie, (2), procesul de msurare i mbuntire, ( ) procesul de control, i (4) de design de calitate. #uality trilogy-' three-pronged approach to managing quality proposed by Aoseph Auran. (he three legs are quality planning (developing the products and processes required to meet customer needs), quality control (meeting product and process goals), and quality improvement (achieving unprecedented levels of performance). Syn% Auran trilogy. trilogia calitii - % abordare pe trei direcii de gestionare a calitii propus de ?osep& ?uran.6ele trei picioare sunt de planificare a calitii (dezvoltarea produselor i proceselor necesare pentru a satisface nevoile clienilor), de control al calitii (de produs ndeplinind i

obiective de proces), i mbuntirea calitii (atingerea unor niveluri fr precedent de performan). $+n" trilogia lui ?uran. #uantitative forecasting techni#ues-'n approach to forecasting where historical demand data is used to pro!ect future demand. 03trinsic and intrinsic techniques are typically used. See% e3trinsic forecasting method, intrinsic forecasting method. tehnicile de prognoz cantitativ - % abordare de prognoz n care datele cerererii sunt folosite pentru a proiecta cererea viitoare. 2e&nici extrinseci si intrinseci sunt de obicei utilizate. !ezi " <etoda de previziune extrinsec, metoda de previziune intrinsec. #uantity-(ased order system-Syn% fi3ed reorder quantity inventory model. itemul de comand (azat pe calitate # $+n" reorganizarea modelului cantitativ de inventar. #uantity discount-' price reduction allowance determined by the quantity or value of a purchase. reducerea cantitii - % indemnizaie de reducere de pre determinat de cantitatea sau valoarea unei ac&iziii. #uantity discount model- ' variation of the economic order quantity model in which the assumption of a single price is rela3ed and there is a schedule of prices based on specific volumes. Syn% price-brea# model. modelul de reducere a cantitii - % variant a modelului economic ordinea cantitii n care ipoteza unui pre unic este relaxat i nu exist un program de preuri bazate pe volume specifice. $+n" modelul nclcrii preului. #uantity per-(he quantity of a component to be used in the production of its parent. (his value is stored in the bill of material and is used to calculate the gross requirements for components during the e3plosion process of 6&4. per cantitate - 6antitatea dintr#o component care urmeaz s fie utilizat n producia mam. *ceast valoare este stocat n proiectul de lege de materiale i este folosit pentru a calcula cerinele brute pentru componente n timpul procesului de explozia de <9(. #uarantine-(he setting aside of items from availability for use or sale until all required quality tests have been performed and conformance certified. carantin - *nularea articolelor din disponibilitate pentru utilizarea sau vnzarea pn cnd toate testele de calitate necesare au fost efectuate i certificate de conformitate.

#uasi manufacturing-' type of service operation that closely resembles a manufacturing process= focus is on production process, technology, costs, and quality. cvasi producia # ;n tip de operaiune de servicii care se aseamn mult cu un proces de fabricaie, se pune accent pe procesul de producie, te&nologie, costuri i calitate. #uestion mar)-In mar#eting, a slang term for a low mar#et share but high growth rate product. See% growth share matri3. semn de ntre(are # n mar@eting, un termen argotic pentru o cot de pia redus, dar de produse cu rat de cretere ridicat. !ezi" matricea cotei de cretere. #ueue-' waiting line. In manufacturing, the !obs at a given wor# center waiting to be processed. 's queues increase, so do average queue time and wor#-in-process inventory. ateptarea - o linie de ateptare. n industria prelucrtoare, de locuri de munc la un anumit punct de lucru ateapt s fie procesate. 6a i cretere a cozii, deci face media timpului de coad i lucreaz n invetar. #ueue discipline-' parameter in queuing theory that determines the order in which customers are to be served. disciplina ateptrii - ;n parametru n teoria ateptrii, care determin ordinea n care clienii sunt servii. #ueue length-(he quantity of items in a queue that are awaiting service. lungimea ateptrii - 6antitatea de elemente care se ateapt n serviciu. #ueue management-(actics to deal with an e3cess number of items, such as products or customers, waiting in line for service. managementul ateptrii -2actici de a face cu un numr mare de elemente, cum ar fi produsele sau clienii, de ateptare n linia de serviciu. #ueue ratio-(he ratio of the hours of slac# within the !ob to the queue originally scheduled. raportul ateptrii - 9aportul de ore la locurile de munc programat iniial. #ueue time-(he amount of time a !ob waits at a wor# center before setup or wor# is performed on the !ob. ,ueue time is one element of total manufacturing lead time. Increases in queue time result in direct increases to manufacturing lead time and wor#-in-process inventories.

timpul de asteptare - 6antitatea de timp a unui loc de munc ateapt la un centru de munc nainte de instalare sau de lucru se face la locul de munc. 2impului de ateptare este un element din timpul total de fabricaie. 9ezultatul creteri directe n timp duce la producie i stocurile de munc n proces. #ueuing analysis-(he study of waiting lines. See% queuing theory. analiza ateptrii - $tudiul de linii de ateptare. !ezi" teoria ateptrii. #ueuing theory-(he collection of models dealing with waiting line problems= for e3ample, problems for which customers or units arrive at some service facility at which waiting lines or queues may build. Syn% waiting line theory. See% queuing analysis. teoria ateptrii- 6olectarea de modele care se ocup cu probleme de ateptare, de exemplu, probleme pentru care clienii sau unitile a'ung la un atelier de service la care se pot construi liniile de ateptare sau cozi. $+n" teoria ateptrii. !ezi" analiza de ateptare. #uic) asset ratio-'n activity ratio of cash, mar#etable securities, and accounts receivable to current liabilities. (his measurement ofliquidity is more rigorous than the current ratio. Syn% acid test ratio. activul raportului rapid - ;n raport de activitate de numerar, titluri de valoare negociabile, i conturile de creane la datoriile curente. *ceast masur de lic&iditate este mai riguros dect raportul actual. $+n" testul acid. #uic) response program &QRP'-' system oflin#ing final retail sales with production and shipping schedules bac# through the chain of supply= employs point-of-sale scanning and electronic data interchange, and may use direct shipment from a factory to a retailer. programul de rspuns rapid & QRP ' - ;n sistem de a lega vnzrile finale cu amnuntul, cu producia i de transport maritim programe de spate prin intermediul lanului de aprovizionare, are punct#de#vnzare de scanare i de sc&imb electronic de date, i poate folosi transportul direct de la o fabrica la un comerciant cu amnuntul. #uotation-' statement of price, terms of sale, and description of goods or services offered by a supplier to a prospective purchaser= a bid. Bhen given in response to an inquiry, it is usually considered an offer to sell. See% bid. curs - % declaraie de pret, termeni de vnzare, i descrierea de bunuri sau servicii oferite de un furnizor la un cumprtor potenial, o ofert. 6nd este administrat ca rspuns la o anc&et, aceasta este de obicei considerat o ofert de a vinde. * se vedea" ofert. #uotation e*piration date-(he date on which a quoted price is no longer valid.

data de e*pirare a cursului - 5ata la care un pre cotat nu mai este valabil. R+,-'bbreviation for &egistrar 'ccreditation Coard. R+, -abreviere pentru consiliul de acreditare de grefier. rac)-' storage device for handling material in pallets. ' rac# usually provides storage for pallets arranged in vertical sections with one or more pallets to a tier. Some rac#s accommodate more than one-pallet-deep storage. rac) - ;n dispozitiv de stocare pentru manipularea materialelor n pale. ;n raft ofer, de obicei de stocare pentru palei aran'ate n seciunile verticale cu una sau mai multe palete la un nivel. ;nele rafturi gzduiesc mai mult de un palet # adncime de stocare. rac)ing-' function performed by a rac#-!obber, a full function intermediary who performs all regular warehousing functions and some retail functions, typically stoc#ing a display rac#. rafturi - % funcie ndeplinit de un rac@#misit, un intermediar funcie complet care ndeplinete toate funciile de depozitare regulate i anumite funcii de vnzare cu amnuntul, stocarea de obicei un rac@ de afiare. radio fre#uency identification &RF-D' tag-' system using electronic tags to store data about items. 'ccessing these data is accomplished through a specific radio frequency and does not require close pro3imity or line-of-sight access for data retrieval. frecven de identificare radio & RF-D ' - ;n sistem care utilizeaz etic&ete electronice pentru a stoca date despre produse. *ccesarea acestor date se realizeaz printr# o frecven radio specific i nu are nevoie de aproape sau de acces la linia de vedere pentru recuperarea datelor. R+.-'cronym for responsibility assignment matri3. R+. - *cronim pentru matricea atribuirii responsabilitii. R/D-'bbreviation for research and development. R / D -abreviere pentru cercetare i dezvoltare. R/D order-Syn% e3perimental order. Decizia R / D # $+n" decizie experimental.

random-Daving no predictable pattern. <or e3ample, sales data may vary randomly about some forecast value with no specific pattern and no attendant ability to obtain a more accurate sales estimate than the forecast value. aleatoriu - avnd un model previzibil. 5e exemplu, datele de vnzri pot varia aleator despre unele valori prognozate cu un model specific i nici capacitatea de nsoitor pentru a obine o companie de vnzri estimat mai precis dect valoarea prognozat. random access-' manner of storing records in a computer file so that an individual record may be accessed without reading other records. accesul aleator # ;n mod de a stoca nregistrri ntr#un fiier de calculator, astfel nct o nregistrare individual poate fi accesat fr a citi alte nregistrri. random cause-Syn% common causes. cauza alatorie - $+n " cauze comune. random component-' component of demand usually describing the impact of uncontrollable variation on demand. See% decomposition, time series analysis. componenta aleatoare - % component a cererii descrie, de obicei, impactul variaiilor necontrolabile la cerere. !ezi" descompunerea , analiza seriilor de timp. random events-1) occurrences that have no discernable pattern. ) In statistics, une3plained movements occurring in historical (time series) data. See% random variation. evenimente aleatoare # 1) evenimente care nu au niciun tipar desluit. 2) n statistici, micrile inexplicabile apar n date istorice (serii de timp). !ezi" variaii aleatorii. random-location storage-' storage technique in which parts are placed in any space that is empty when they arrive at the storeroom. 'lthough this random method requires the use of a locator file to identify part locations, it often requires less storage space than a fi3ed-location storage method. Syn% floating inventory location system, floating storage location. See% fi3edlocation storage. locaie aleatoare de stocare - % te&nic de depozitare n care prile sunt plasate n orice spaiu care este gol, atunci cnd a'ung la depozit. 5ei aceast metod aleatorie necesit utilizarea unui fiier de localizare pentru a identifica locaii parte, ea necesita spaiu de stocare mai puin de o metod de depozitare in locaie fix. $+n" sistem variabil de localizare a inventarului, locaie variabil de stocare. !ezi" locaie fix de depozitare. random num(ers-' sequence of integers or group of numbers (often in the form of a table) that show absolutely no relationship to each other anywhere in the sequence. 't any point, all values have an equal chance of occurring, and they occur in an unpredictable fashion.

numere aleatoare - % secven de numere ntregi sau un grup de numere (de multe ori sub forma unui tabel, care arat absolut inexistena unei relaii ntre ele oriunde n secven. n orice moment, toate valorile au o ans egal de care apar, i apar ntr#un mod imprevizibil. random sample-' selection of observations ta#en from all the observations of a phenomenon in such a way that each chosen observation has the same possibility of selection. eantion aleatoriu - % selecie de observaii luate din toate observaiile unui fenomen n aa fel nct fiecare observaie aleas are aceeai posibilitate de selecie. random variation-' fluctuation in data that is caused by uncertain or random occurrences. See% random events. variaie aleatorie - % fluctuaie de date, care este cauzat de evenimente incerte sau aleatorii. !ezi" evenimente aleatorii. range-In statistics, the spread in a series of observations. <or e3ample, the anticipated demand for a particular product might vary from a low of 1+ to a high of 7++ per wee#. (he range would therefore be 7++ - 1+, or /*+. 0ama - -n statistici, rspndirea ntr# o serie de observaii. 5e exemplu, cererea anticipat pentru un anumit produs poate varia de la un minim de 1/ la un maxim de A// pe sptmn. (rin urmare, ar fi gama A#1//, sau 4./ . range chart-Syn% & chart. gama diagram - $+n" diagrama 9. rapid prototyping-1) (he transformation of product designs into physical prototypes. &apid prototyping relies on techniques such as cross-functional teams, data sharing, and advanced computer and communication technology (e.g., 1'2, 1'6, stereolithography, data lin#s). &apid prototyping involves producing the prototype on production equipment as often as possible. It improves product development times and allows for cheaper and faster product testing, assessment of the ease of assembly and costs, and validation before actual production tooling. ) (he transformation of system designs into computer system prototypes with which the users can e3periment to determine the adequacy of the design to address their needs. rapid prototyping - 1) 2ransformarea de modele de produse n prototipuri fizice. 9apid protot+ping se bazeaz pe te&nici, cum ar fi ec&ipele de eco#funcionare, sc&imbul de date, iar te&nologia informatic avansat i de comunicare (de exemplu, 6*5, 6*<, stereolitografie, lin@#uri de date). 9apid protot+ping implic producerea unui prototip pe ec&ipamente de producie ct mai des posibil. *cesta mbuntete timpii de dezvoltare de produs i permite testarea mai ieftin si mai rapid a produsului, evaluarea cu uurin, asamblarea i costurile, i de validare nainte de realizarea produciei efective. 2) 2ransformarea modelelor de sistem n prototipuri de sisteme de calculator cu care utilizatorii

pot experimenta pentru a determina caracterul adecvat al desenului pentru a rspunde nevoilor lor. rapid replenishment-' replenishment strategy in which the supplier prepares shipments at predetermined intervals and varies the quantity based on recent sales data. Sales data may be supplied via a point-of-sale system. Syn% continuous replenishment. reaprovizionarea : % strategie rapid a reaprovizionrii n care furnizorul pregtete livrrile la intervale prestabilite, i variaz n funcie de cantitatea pe baza datelor recente de vnzri. 5atele de vnzare pot fi furnizate prin intermediul unui sistem de puncte de vnzare. $+n" reaprovizionare continu. rate-(ased scheduling#* met&od for sc&eduling and producing based on a periodic rate (e.g., daily, wee#ly, monthly). 2&is met&od has traditionall+ been applied to high-volume and process industries. (he concept has also been applied within !ob shops using cellular layouts and mi3ed-model level schedules where the production rate is matched to the selling rate. rata pe (az de programare - o metod pentru programarea i producerea bazat pe o rat periodic (de exemplu, zilnic, sptmnal, lunar). *ceast metod a fost aplicat n mod tradiional pentru industriile de mare volum i proces. 6onceptul a fost, de asemenea, aplicat n magazine folosind mac&ete celulare i program de nivel mixt # model n care rata de producie este potrivit pentru rata de vnzare. rated capacity-(he e3pected output capability of a resource or system. 1apacity is traditionally calculated from such data as planned hours, efficiency, and utili$ation. (he rated capacity is equal to hours available 3 efficiency 3 utili$ation. Syn% calculated capacity, effective capacity, nominal capacity, standing capacity. capacitatea nominal - 6apacitate de ieire ateptat a unei resurse sau sistem. 6apacitatea este n mod tradiional calculat de date, cum ar fi ore planificate, eficien, i de utilizare. 6apacitatea nominal este egal cu de x ore la dispoziie x eficiena utilizrii. $+n" 6apacitate calculat, capacitatea efectiv, capacitatea nominal, capacitatea permanent. rate of return on investment-(he efficiency ratio relating profit or cash flow incomes to investments. Several different measures of this ratio are in common use. rata de renta(ilitate a investiiilor - 9ata de eficien privind veniturile flux de profit sau de numerar pentru investiii. <ai multe msuri diferite din acest raport sunt n uz comun. rate variance-(he difference between the actual output rate of product and the planned or standard output rate. rata de variaie - 5iferena dintre rata de producie efectiv a produselor i rata de ieire planificat sau standard. ratification-(he situation wherein a principal, failing to repudiate an agent9s unauthori$ed

conduct, is bound by the conduct. ratificare - $ituaia n care un principiu, faptul c nu se repudiaz comportamentul neautorizat al unui agent, este legat de conduit. rationing-(he allocation of product among consumers. Bhen price is used to allocate product, it is allocated to those willing to pay the most. rationalizarea - *locarea de produs n rndul consumatorilor. *tunci cnd preul este folosit pentru alocarea de produs, acesta este alocat celor dispui s plteasc cel mai mult. raw material-4urchased items or e3tracted materials that are converted via the manufacturing process into components and products. materii prime - ac&izitionate sau materiale extrase care sunt convertite prin intermediul procesului de fabricaie n componente i produse. raw materials inventory-Inventory of material that has not undergone processing at a facility. inventar de materii prime - inventarul de materiale care nu a fost supus prelucrrii ntr#o instalaie. RCCP-'bbreviation for rough-cut capacity planning. RCCP -abreviere pentru planificarea capacitii de tiat. R chart-' control chart in which the subgroup range, &, is used to evaluate the stability of the variability within a process. Syn% range chart. R diagram - % diagram de control care n intervalul subgrupului, 9, este utilizat pentru a evalua stabilitatea variabilitii n cadrul unui proces. $+n" grafic gama . reach-(he percentage of target customers who receive an advertising message. raza de aciune - (rocentul de clienti int care primesc un mesa' publicitar. reactive maintenance-Syn% brea#down maintenance. ntreinere recativ - $+n" ntreinere defalcat. Reactor- '. special vessel to contain. a chemical reaction.

Reactor - ;n vas special s conin o reacie c&imic. real property-Eand and associated rights improvements, utility systems, buildings, and other structures. proprietate imo(iliar - 2erenuri i mbuntiri asociate drepturilor, sisteme de utiliti, cldiri i alte structuri. real time-(he technique of coordinating data processing with e3ternal related physical events as they occur, there by permitting prompt reporting of conditions. See% online service. n timp real - 2e&nica de prelucrare de date coordonate cu evenimente fizice externe, aa cum acestea apar, permind astfel raportarea prompt a condiiilor. !ezi" servicii on#line. receipt-1) (he physical acceptance of an item into a stoc#ing location. transaction reporting of this activity. ) )ften, the

primire - 1) *cceptarea fizic a unui element ntr #o locaie de stocare. 2) 5e multe ori, raportarea tranzaciilor de aceast activitate. receiva(les conversion period-(he length of time required to collect sales receipts. Syn% average collection period. perioad de conversie a creanelor - 5urata de timp necesar pentru a colecta ncasrile din vnzare. $+n" perioada medie. receiving-(he function encompassing the physical receipt of material, the inspection of the shipment for conformance with the purchase order (quantity and damage), t&e identification and deliver+ to destination, and the preparation of receiving reports. recepie - >uncia cuprinde primirea fizic a materialelor, inspectarea transportului de conformitate cu comanda de aprovizionare (cantitate i daune), identificarea i livrarea la destinaie, i pregtirea de a primi rapoarte. receiving point-(he location to which material is being shipped. 'nt% shipping point. momentul primirii - Bocaia n care materialul este livrat. *nt" (unct de transport maritim. receiving report-' document used by the receiving others of the receipt of goods purchased. function of a company to inform

primirea raportului - ;n document folosit de funcia de primire a unei companii de a informa pe alii de primirea bunurilor ac&iziionate.

recipe-Syn% formula. reet # $+n" formula. reconciling inventory-1omparing the physical inventory figures with the perpetual inventory record and ma#ing any necessary corrections. reconcilierea inventarului - 6omparnd cifrele de inventar fizic cu nregistrarea inventarului perpetuu i de a face corecturile necesare. record-1) ' collection of data fields arranged in a predefined format. ) ' set of related data that a computer program treats as a unit. nregistrare - 1) % colecie de cmpuri de date aran'ate ntr#un format predefinit. 2) ;n set de date legate de faptul c un program de calculator trateaz ca o unitate. record accuracy-' measure of the conformity of recorded values in a boo##eeping system to the actual values= for e3ample, the on-hand balance of an item maintained in a computer record relative to the actual on-hand balance of the items in the stoc#room. precizia de nregistrare - o msur a conformitii valorilor nregistrate ntr#un sistem de contabilitate la valorile actuale, de exemplu, ec&ilibrul pe#o parte a unui element meninute ntr#o nregistrare de calculator n raport cu ec&ilibrul pe#o parte real a elementelor din magazie.