U. S. A LANGUAGE COURSE PLACEMENT TEST TOEFLFORM-2 READING COMPREHENSION Directions for questions 1 -100.

Select the correct answer a, b, c, or d and mark your answer sheet DO NOT WRITE ON THE TEST BOOKLET
1) When telephone calls are transmitted by satellite, a dim echo can often be heard on the line. a) weak b) static c) harsh d)deep 2) Printed on United States currency issued from 1971 to 1974 is the si nature of !omans ". #anuelos the nation$s treasurer durin that period. a) tax legislation b) budgets c) paper money d) contracts %) &orsebac' ridin embraces both the s'ill of handlin a horse and the mastery of di(erse ridin styles. a) fosters b) emphasizes c) exaggerates d) includes 4) Usin e)tremely different decoratin schemes in ad*oini rooms may result in discord and a lac' of unity in style. a) compromise b) disharmony c) disillusion d) anxiety +) ,he ice cream cone, the hambur er and iced tea -ere all introduced at the 19.4 /ouisiana Purchase 0)position informally 'no-n as the St. /ouis 1air. a) previously b) unofficially c) incorrectly d) occasionally 2) 3iplomatic misunderstandin s can often be traced bac' to blunders in translation. a) mistakes b) attempts c) insults d) arguments 7) People buy insurance in order to substitute a small certain tolerable loos for a lar e, uncertain, catastrophic one. a) provide b) return c) exchange d) predict 4) ,he establishment of the 0uropean 5ommon 6ar'et has led to fe-er barriers to re ional trade. a) amendments to b) regulations of c) obstacles to d) divisions of 9) 6any mo(ies recei(e dispara in re(ie-s from film e)perts and yet become e)tremely successful. a) authoritative b) lengthy c) uninteresting d) negative 1.) 7n a 194% ne-spaper poll, "nn /anders, an ad(ice columnist, -as listed amon the t-enty8fi(e most influential -omen in the United States. a)survey b) article c) headline d) conference 11) 7n 9orth "merica, the first canoes -ere constructed from lo s and propelled by means of -ooden paddles. a)carved b)docked c) driven forward d) carried upright 12) ,he most ruelin of all :lympic e(ents is the decathlon.

a) exhilarating b) gruesome c) exhausting d) creative 1%) 0ach year, autumn lea(es announce the end of summer and the approach of -inter in an outburst of color. a) an epidemic b) an explosion c) a range d) a disruption 14) 3urin the medie(al epoch the sciences -ere considered to the based on the occult. a) theoretical b) anthropological c) fundamental d) supernatural 1+) "utomobile e)perts ha(e sho-n that halo en headli hts penetrate thic' fo more effecti(ely than traditional incandescent headli hts and $ thus help to reduce accidents. a) dissolve b) perceive c)touch . d) pierce 12) While some bacteria are beneficial others are harmful in ;hat they cause disease. a) detrimental b) prodigious c) intrusive d) mordant 17) 1inancial consultants ac'no-led e that the (alue of common stoc' <s inherently chan eable. a) relatively b) intrinsically c) sporadically d) incrementally 14) When the hed eho feels threatened it ruc's its head into its chest and rolls itself into a spiny ball8 shaped mass . a) prickly b) motionless c) bushy d)spherical 19) 1e- ames are as strictly re ulated as "merican football in -hich more than si)ty rule (iolations are possible.

a) tightly b) satisfactorily c) covertly d) conspicuously 2.) =rasshoppers thri(e in both tropical and temperate re ions throu hout the -orld. a) elsewhere in b) down under c) all over d) out of 21) 1ounded in 9e- >or' 5ity in 147., the 6etropolitan 6useum of "rt displays art from nearly e(ery period and e(ery country is the -orld. a) nation b) county c) terrain d) continent 22) W. 5. &andy, the reno-ned composer and musician, -as 'no-n as the ? father of the blues.? a) kindly b) noble c) famous d) dashing 2%) ,he ro-th of the pharmaceutical industry durin the t-entieth century has been astonishin . a) furor b) nurturing c) expansion d) paterning 24) " number of mammals li(e 7n trees and only seldom descend to the round. a) sadly b)rarely c)quiet)y d)briefly 2+) 5ommunication satellites enerally use solar cells as their source of electric po-er, althou h some test satellites ha(e used thermoelectric enerators. a) superior b) authorized c) former d) experimental 22) /ittle /ord 1ountleroy is the tale of a youth -ho inherits a fortune. a) cousin b)servant

c) child d) peasant 27) "s early as the ele(enth century, the Pueblo people d-elt in lar e cities that -ere constructed from boulders and mud bric's. a) longed for b) resided in c) planned for d) worshipped in 24) "lthou h army ants are almost totally si htless, they march in precise military formation. a) blind b)lame c)deaf d) mute 29) Pollutants introduced into a la'e can rapidly accelerate its natural a in process. a) change b) speed up c)turn around d) destroy %.) ,he ballet$s (isual messa e is comprehensible to almost e(eryone. a) acceptable b) understandable c) interesting d) pleasing %1) ,he use of formaldehyde foam in insulation -as recently banned by the 5onsumer Product Safety 5ommission. a) studied b) backed c) sponsored d) prohibited

b) easily c) unexpectedly d) ultimately %%) ,he =irl Scouts of "merica -as established by @uliette =ordon in 1912. a) organized b) joined c) interviewed d)funded %4) 7t is no- common for physically disabled indi(iduals to recei(e the bul' of their education in re ulate school pro rams. a) majority b) assignments c) texts d)rest %+) "stronauts are sub*ected to the most ri orous trainin that has e(er been de(ised for human bein s. a) demanded b) created c) diagnosed d) allowed %2) 3ifferent biolo ists, analyAin the same data . may arri(e at -holly different and sometimes conflictin interpretations. a) unsuitable b) invalid c) unintelligible d) incompatible %7) 6ost people 'no- that =eor e Washin ton 5ar(er -as an acclaimed scientist, but ho- many realiAe that he also -on reco nition for his talent as a painter B a)sought b) deserved c) achieved d) anticipated

%2) /inen could not be manufactured by machine until recently because the inelasticity of the fibers caused them to brea' readily under tension. a) unevenly

%4) ,he nests of most finches are constructed sloppily. a) elaborately b) messily c) characteristically . d) annually %9) ,he eardrum, a taut membrane

located at the end of the ear canal separates the outer ear from the inner ear . a) lightly tinted b) somewhat opaque c) tightly stretched d) delicately made 4.) 3urin her husband$s presidency @acCueline Dennedy undertoo' the coordination of the White &ouse restoration. a) took on b) underestimated c) took down d) underplayed 41) " (ein is a deposit of mineral matter that has ruled a fault as seam in a roc'. a) a cave b) an indentation c) a crack d) a hole 42) 7ndustrial self8sufficiency in the United States de(eloped simultaneously -ith the mass production of te)tiles in 9e0n land. a) smoothly b) concurrently c) effectively d) spontaneously 4%) With the rise of the ?theater of the absurd?, trends in scenery desi n ha(e become eclectic ran in from realism to surrealism. a) drama b) improvisation c) criticism d) emergence . 44) /ar e areas of "las'an land remain desolate due to harsh climate. a) inaccessible b) immature c) parched d) barren

4+) ,he e)ploits of the le endary miner, @ohn &enry, ha(e come to symboliAe the manual laborer$s stand a ainst mechaniAation. a) contrast with b) interaction with c) ignorance of d) defiance of 42) 5hal' deposits are formed chiefly from the shells of minute sea animals called foraminifera. a) short-lived b) dried-up c) minuscule d) minor 47) " serious burn can stun and -rec' the (ictim. a)injure b) infuriate c)daze d)exhaust 44) ,he comic routines of Stan /aur and :li(er &ardy in(ol(ed pantomime and a no(el use of props. a) an original b) an appropriate c) a literal d) a funny 49) Politicians are often said to -oo (oters. a) intrigue b) court c) think little of d) try to avoid +.) ,ollerance for noise is a hi hly indi(idual matter. a) a basically b) an unusually c) loudly d) an extremely +1) ,rumpeter Wynton 6arsalis has -on =rammy a-ards for his recordin s of.......... @aAA and classical music. a) also b) together c) the two d) both

+2)............ do not ha(e -ebbed

feet allinules are e)cellent s-immers . a) They b) That they c) ven though they d) !t is when they +%) 6ild forms of e)ercise can ......... some of the loss of fle)ibility that accompanies a in . a) stop b) to stop c) stopping d) be stopped +4).............. mirror the ideals and opinions of -omen in the United States in the latter part of the 14..$s. a) "hether the novels of #ary $ane %olmes b) The novels of #ary $ane %olmes c) #ary $ane %olmes wrote novels d) "hy #ary $ane %olmes wrote novels ++) PasteuriAation is a heatin process........... bacteria in ni%'. a) kills b) that kills c) that it kills d) that kills it +2) :(er the centuries (arious theories ha(e been ad(anced a) the origin of alphabetic writing is explained b) of explaining the origin of alphabetic writing c) the explanation of the origin of alphabetic writing d) to explain the origin of alphabetic writing +7) What percenta e of the populace is a-are that in ............ company the directors hold only a small fraction of its shares B a) a public typical b) a typical public c) typical a public d) public typical a +4) ,he comple) relationship bet-een poet and poem .............

a primary concern of psychoanalytical critics in recent years . a) being b) have c) has been d) is having +9).......... the "tlantic :cean crosses the eCuator, the trade -inds cause a flo- of -ater to the -est a) "here b)&nd c)That d)&t 2.) E8 rays are able to pass throu h ob*ects and thus ma'e................ details that are other-ise impossible to obser(e. a) it visible b) visibly c) visible d) they are visible 21)................ eneral acceptance of photo raphy as an artistic medium. most museums today house collections of fine photo raphs. a) The b) "hereas the c) 'nly the d) "ith the 22) ,he hi her the standard of li(in and the reater the national -ealth the ............. a) greater is the amount of paper is used b) greater amount of paper is used c) amount of paper is used is . greater d) greater the amount of paper ( used 2%) =eor e &. =allup ................ specialiAed in opinion polls and business sur(eys. a) whose statistician b) a statistician c) a statistician who d) as a statistician) he

24) ,he bro-n thrasher is not a particularly lar e or stron bird............... eCuipped for

fi htin . a) it is not b) but not c) neither is d) nor is it 2+) ,he bi est nail is the boat spi'e ..............more than a pound and is a bout fifteen inches lon . a) and weighs b) how it weighs c) its weight d) which weighs 22) Scientists are currently studyin ho- birds such as terns mi rate a)it b) where c) the way in which d) the age at which 27) 7n 1777 publisher 6ary Datherine =oddard printed the first copies of the 3eclaration of 7ndependence that included the names of the si ners. a) questioned b) discovered c) deciphered d) contained 24) 6ost labor unions insist on bein the sole representati(e of a particular roup of employees a) fastidious b) biased c)seasoned d) certain 29) 7n terms of precipitation, ten inches of sno- is the eCui(alent of an inch of rain. a) the symbol of b) the same as c) the product of d) as thick as

Washin ton #rid e -ere not encased in masonry but -ere left e)posed to re(eal their handsome steel structure. a) naked b) well - worn c) good - looking d) completed 71) Sprin time displays of fruit blossoms in the Shenandoah Falley dra- thousands of tourists each year. a) attract b) delight c) console d) inspire 72) "fter many years of unsuccessfully endea(orin to form is o-n orchestra. =lenn 6iller finally achie(ed -orld fame in 19%9 as a bi hand leader. a) requesting b) trying c) offering d) deciding 7%) "lthou h pencils actually are made of raphite and not of lead. the term ? lead pencil? has come to be -idely used. a) supposedly b) really c) every where d) still 74) ,he principal areas inhabited by marine al ae are roc'y shores salt marshes and shallo- -ater. a) coasts b) cliffs c)rivers d) pools 7+) &abits can be consciously stren thened as -hen a student of the (iolin practices and memoriAes different fin erin s. a) conveniently b) lastingly c) intentionally d) robustly

7.) ,he lar e to-ers of the =eor e

72) !on . 9eal recei(ed -idespread acclaim for his actin to , productions of 3ream on 6on'ey 6ountain. a) recognition b) confidence c) reimbursement d) training 77) 1rom an airplane, the rasslands of the -estern prairie appear almost as uniform as a placid sea a) fake b)seedy c) hilly d)calm 74) #y 19.., many municipalities had be un to restrict the use of automobiles in order to ensure pedestrian safety. a) lest b) limit c) standardize d) prohibit 79) Poet 0mma /aAarus 7s perhaps best 'no-n for ha(in -ritten the sonnet inscribed on the pedestal of the Statue of /iberty a) inside b)base c) torch d) replica 4.) ,he manic 8 depressi(e usually fluctuates bet-een reat e)citement and deep depression. a) recovers b) talls c) improves d) alternates 41) 7n the 9a(a*o household randparents and other relati(es play indispensable roles in raisin children. a) dominant b) exemplary c) essential d) demanding

that bears (aluable nuts. a) enriches b) yields c) replaces d) hides 4%) Probability is the mathematical study of the li'elihood of an e(ent$s occurrence. a) predictability b) fallibility c) desirability d) undeniability 44) 3efined most broady fol'lore includes all the customs beliefs and traditions that people ha(e banded do-n from eneration to eneration. a) fancifully b) liberally c) quaintly d)dryly 4+) Some people belie(e the aloe plant has curati(e properties. a) magical b) organic c) superior d) healing 42) 0mbroidery depictin scene (ie-s became popular in the United States to-ard the end of the ei hteenth century. a) distorting b) commemotating c) portraying d) emphasizing . 47) ,he 1ord 1oundation is one of the -orld$s -ealthiest philanthropic or aniAations. a) profligate b) governmental c) humanitarian d) multinational 44) &emophilia is a hereditary illness in -hich the blood does not coa ulate in the usual -ay. a) clot b) circulate c) carry oxygen d) distribute nutrients

42) ,he -alnut is a deciduous tree

49) !ecent studies ha(e sho-n that the stature of male "mericans has scarcely chan ed in the past t-o hundred years. a) weight b) height c) life span d) head size 9.) /aser beams can be used to bore metals and other hard materials a) trim b) melt c) drill d) slice 91) ,he most important en(ironmental influence on fish is -ater temperature for fish tend to ta'e on the temperature of their surroundin s. a) assume b) regulate c) avoid d)exceed 92) ,he concept of up-ard social mobility has been an abidin feature of "merican life. a) enduring b) unaffected c) intriguing d) observable 9%) Unde ,om$s 5abin has been freCuently translated and often dramatiAed most recently as a curiously sentimental melodrama. a) an overly b) an unfortunately c) an unambiguously d) an oddly 94) ,he first ma*or outburst of musical creati(ity in the United States occurred at the end of the nineteenth century. a) surge b) round c) outcome d) performance

are due mainly to the ra(itational pull of the moon. a) merely b) mostly c) likewise d) somewhat 92) ,he moon ............... the only natural satellite of the earth. a) as b) being c)is d) which 97)............ is indispensable to plant and animal life. a) *itrogen b) !t is nitrogen c) That nitrogen d) &lthough nitrogen 94) " comet is distin uished from other bodies in the solar system a) is appearing b) is its appearance c) it is appearing d) by its appearance 99) ,he outer ear and the ear canal are sub*ect to all of the (arious disorders .................. a) that affect the skin b) affect the skin c) the skin affects d) the skin is affected 1..).......... that the formation of the sun, the planets, and other stars be an -ith the condensation of an interstellar as cloud. a) +elieving b) To believe c) The belief d) !t is believed

9+) Seasonal (ariations in tides